See 甲斐 on Wiktionary
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},
{
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],
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},
{
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],
"zh-pron": "Jiǎfěi [Phonetic:jiáfěi]"
},
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},
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},
{
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],
"zh-pron": "Czjafɛj"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
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{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
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"province"
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"Yamanashi"
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],
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"word": "甲斐国"
},
{
"english": "こうしゅう, Kōshu",
"word": "甲州"
}
]
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 23 15 27 15 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
15,
20
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to live a life worth living",
"roman": "ikigai no aru jinsei o okuru",
"ruby": [
[
"生",
"い"
],
[
"人生",
"じんせい"
],
[
"送",
"おく"
]
],
"text": "生きがいのある人生を送る",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"value, reward, avail, being fruitful or worth doing"
],
"id": "en-甲斐-ja-suffix--u~ld8Ol",
"links": [
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"reward",
"reward"
],
[
"avail",
"avail"
],
[
"fruitful",
"fruitful"
],
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡa̠i]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "甲斐"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese",
"Chinese terms derived from Japanese",
"Chinese terms spelled with 斐",
"Chinese terms spelled with 甲",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Provinces of Japan"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Orthographic borrowing from Japanese",
"name": "obor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "甲斐",
"2": "^かい"
},
"expansion": "甲斐(かい) (Kai)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 甲斐(かい) (Kai).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "甲斐",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"zh:Cities in Japan",
"zh:Cities in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan",
"zh:Places in Japan",
"zh:Places in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan"
],
"glosses": [
"Kai (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)"
],
"links": [
[
"市",
"市#Chinese"
],
[
"Kai",
"Kai#English"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"Yamanashi",
"Yamanashi#English"
],
[
"Japan",
"Japan#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～市) Kai (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese",
"Chinese renderings of Japanese surnames",
"Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese",
"Chinese terms derived from Japanese"
],
"glosses": [
"An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 甲斐, Kai"
],
"links": [
[
"甲斐",
"甲斐#Japanese"
],
[
"Kai",
"Kai#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Jiǎfěi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄚˇ ㄈㄟˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jiǎfěi [Phonetic:jiáfěi]"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄚˇ ㄈㄟˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jiǎfěi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Chia³-fei³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jyǎ-fěi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jeafeei"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Цзяфэй"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Czjafɛj"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"other": "[Phonetic: jiáfěi]"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
}
],
"word": "甲斐"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Provinces of Japan"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "fugainai",
"word": "不甲斐ない"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "kai"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かい"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form",
"rom": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "代う",
"2": "かう",
"3": "to exchange or replace one thing with another",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "代(か)う (kau, “to exchange or replace one thing with another”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "代う",
"2": "かう",
"3": "to exchange or replace one thing with another",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 代(か)う (kau, “to exchange or replace one thing with another”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. First attested in the Man'yōshū of 759.\nDerived from the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 代(か)う (kau, “to exchange or replace one thing with another”), with the basic sense being \"that which should be the result / outcome / replacement\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "甲斐",
"ruby": [
[
"甲斐",
"かい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kafi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "かひ",
"roman": "kafi",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かい",
"hhira": "かひ"
},
"expansion": "甲斐(かい) • (kai) ^(←かひ (kafi)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"value, reward, avail, being fruitful or worth doing"
],
"links": [
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"reward",
"reward"
],
[
"avail",
"avail"
],
[
"fruitful",
"fruitful"
],
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かい"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠i]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Man'yōshū",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "甲斐"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Provinces of Japan"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "kai"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かい"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form",
"rom": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "代う",
"2": "かう",
"3": "to exchange or replace one thing with another",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "代(か)う (kau, “to exchange or replace one thing with another”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "代う",
"2": "かう",
"3": "to exchange or replace one thing with another",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 代(か)う (kau, “to exchange or replace one thing with another”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. First attested in the Man'yōshū of 759.\nDerived from the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 代(か)う (kau, “to exchange or replace one thing with another”), with the basic sense being \"that which should be the result / outcome / replacement\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "甲斐",
"ruby": [
[
"甲斐",
"かい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Kai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "Kafi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "かひ",
"roman": "Kafi",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "かい",
"hhira": "かひ"
},
"expansion": "甲斐(かい) • (Kai) ^(←かひ (Kafi)?)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Cities in Japan",
"ja:Cities in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan",
"ja:Places in Japan",
"ja:Places in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan"
],
"glosses": [
"Kai (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kai",
"Kai#English"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"Yamanashi",
"Yamanashi#English"
],
[
"Japan",
"Japan#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"ja:Former political divisions",
"ja:Places in Japan"
],
"glosses": [
"Kai (a historical province of Japan, roughly corresponding to present-day Yamanashi Prefecture)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kai",
"w:Kai Province"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"Japan",
"Japan#English"
],
[
"Yamanashi",
"Yamanashi"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "かいのくに, Kai no kuni",
"word": "甲斐国"
},
{
"english": "こうしゅう, Kōshu",
"word": "甲州"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese surnames",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese given names",
"Japanese male given names"
],
"glosses": [
"a male given name"
],
"links": [
[
"given name",
"given name"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かい"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠i]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Kōshū",
"ruby": [
[
"甲州",
"こうしゅう"
]
],
"word": "甲州"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Man'yōshū",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "甲斐"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Provinces of Japan"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "gai"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "甲斐"
},
"expansion": "かい",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kai",
"2": "gai"
},
"expansion": "The kai changes to gai as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Shift from 甲斐 (kai). The kai changes to gai as an instance of rendaku (連濁).\nFirst attested in a text from 1797.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "甲斐",
"ruby": [
[
"甲斐",
"がい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-gai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-gafi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "がひ",
"roman": "-gafi",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"2": "がい",
"hhira": "がひ"
},
"expansion": "甲斐(がい) • (-gai) ^(←がひ (-gafi)?)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
15,
20
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "to live a life worth living",
"roman": "ikigai no aru jinsei o okuru",
"ruby": [
[
"生",
"い"
],
[
"人生",
"じんせい"
],
[
"送",
"おく"
]
],
"text": "生きがいのある人生を送る",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"value, reward, avail, being fruitful or worth doing"
],
"links": [
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"reward",
"reward"
],
[
"avail",
"avail"
],
[
"fruitful",
"fruitful"
],
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡa̠i]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "甲斐"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 甲斐 meaning in All languages combined (11.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～市",
"path": [
"甲斐"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "甲斐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～市",
"path": [
"甲斐"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "甲斐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"甲斐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "甲斐",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"甲斐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "甲斐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"甲斐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "甲斐",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"甲斐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "甲斐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"甲斐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "甲斐",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"甲斐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "甲斐",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (9c82c1c and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.