See 独楽 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 独楽 meaning in All languages combined (14.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "独楽塗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "komanuri",
"word": "独楽塗り"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "komanezumi",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"コマ"
],
[
"鼠",
"ネズミ"
]
],
"word": "独楽鼠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koma-mawashi",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"こま"
],
[
"回",
"まわ"
]
],
"word": "独楽回し"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "unarigoma",
"ruby": [
[
"唸",
"うな"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "唸り独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kyokugoma",
"ruby": [
[
"曲",
"きょく"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "曲独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gensui-goma",
"ruby": [
[
"源水",
"げんすい"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "源水独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gongon-goma",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "ごんごん独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sakazuki-goma",
"ruby": [
[
"杯",
"さかずき"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "杯独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zenigoma",
"ruby": [
[
"銭",
"ぜに"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "銭独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tatakigoma",
"ruby": [
[
"叩",
"たた"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "叩き独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tōgoma",
"ruby": [
[
"唐",
"とう"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "唐独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "貝独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "baigoma",
"word": "海蠃独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "beigoma",
"word": "貝独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hanagoma",
"ruby": [
[
"花",
"はな"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "花独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "不精独楽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bushō-goma",
"word": "無精独楽"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "こま"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Appears to be a shortening of older reading komatsukuri or komatsuburi (see below).\nThe shorter form koma is now the most common reading. The kanji spelling is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "独楽",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"こま"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "koma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こま"
},
"expansion": "独楽(こま) • (koma)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 39 7 17 8 6 6 6 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 32 6 14 7 9 9 9 2 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 32 6 14 7 9 9 9 2 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 38 8 16 9 4 4 4 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 8 19 9 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 30 6 13 7 9 9 9 3 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 11 23 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 28 4 12 20 5 5 5 8 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Toys",
"orig": "ja:Toys",
"parents": [
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a spinning top"
],
"id": "en-独楽-ja-noun-HkNqfQ0M",
"links": [
[
"spinning top",
"spinning top"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a rigid object that can rotate freely around a fixed point"
],
"id": "en-独楽-ja-noun-hAvs8n8g",
"links": [
[
"rigid",
"rigid"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"rotate",
"rotate"
],
[
"freely",
"freely"
],
[
"fixed",
"fixed"
],
[
"point",
"point"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) a rigid object that can rotate freely around a fixed point"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) in the form or shape of a spinning top"
],
"id": "en-独楽-ja-noun-hgJinRui",
"links": [
[
"家紋",
"家紋#Japanese"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"crest",
"crest"
],
[
"form",
"form"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a hexagonal or octagonal top, decorated with images and/or writing, used for gambling"
],
"id": "en-独楽-ja-noun-YJL7BBjD",
"links": [
[
"hexagon",
"hexagon"
],
[
"octagon",
"octagon"
],
[
"decorate",
"decorate"
],
[
"image",
"image"
],
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"gambling",
"gambling"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "御花独楽"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こま"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ma̠]"
}
],
"word": "独楽"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "円ら",
"3": "",
"tr": "tsubura"
},
"expansion": "円ら (tsubura)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "高麗",
"3": "つぶり",
"pos2": "cognate with <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">円ら</i> (tsubura), “round”",
"sort": "こまつぶり",
"t1": "Goryeo; Korea; foreign lands",
"t2": "round thing",
"tr1": "Koma",
"tr2": "tsuburi"
},
"expansion": "高麗 (Koma, “Goryeo; Korea; foreign lands”) + つぶり (tsuburi, “round thing”, cognate with 円ら (tsubura), “round”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Older form of koma above.\nCompound of 高麗 (Koma, “Goryeo; Korea; foreign lands”) + つぶり (tsuburi, “round thing”, cognate with 円ら (tsubura), “round”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "独楽",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"こまつぶり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "komatsuburi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こまつぶり"
},
"expansion": "独楽(こまつぶり) • (komatsuburi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"id": "en-独楽-ja-noun-4M2VxvJM",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, possibly obsolete) Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(koma) above",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "こま"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ma̠t͡sɨᵝbɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]"
}
],
"word": "独楽"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "作る",
"2": "つくる",
"3": "to make",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "作(つく)る (tsukuru, “to make”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "作る",
"2": "つくる",
"3": "to make",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 作(つく)る (tsukuru, “to make”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "高麗",
"3": "作り",
"pos2": "the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei</span>, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 作(つく)る (tsukuru</span>, “to make”)",
"sort": "こまつくり",
"t1": "Goryeo; Korea; foreign lands",
"t2": "making; made thing",
"tr1": "Koma",
"tr2": "tsukuri"
},
"expansion": "高麗 (Koma, “Goryeo; Korea; foreign lands”) + 作り (tsukuri, “making; made thing”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 作(つく)る (tsukuru, “to make”))",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Additional older form of koma above, attested in the Wamyō Ruijushō (938 CE).\nCompound of 高麗 (Koma, “Goryeo; Korea; foreign lands”) + 作り (tsukuri, “making; made thing”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 作(つく)る (tsukuru, “to make”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "独楽",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"こまつくり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "komatsukuri",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こまつくり"
},
"expansion": "独楽(こまつくり) • (komatsukuri)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"id": "en-独楽-ja-noun-4M2VxvJM1",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, possibly obsolete) Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(koma) above",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "こま"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ma̠t͡sɨᵝkɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Wamyō Ruijushō"
],
"word": "独楽"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "紡む",
"3": "",
"tr": "tsumugu"
},
"expansion": "紡む (tsumugu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "繰る",
"2": "くる",
"3": "to wind something onto something else",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "繰(く)る (kuru, “to wind something onto something else”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "繰る",
"2": "くる",
"3": "to wind something onto something else",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 繰(く)る (kuru, “to wind something onto something else”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "紡錘",
"3": "繰り",
"pos1": "root of the verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">紡む</i> (tsumugu), “to spin thread or yarn”",
"pos2": "the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei</span>, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 繰(く)る (kuru</span>, “to wind something onto something else”)",
"sort": "つむくり",
"t1": "a spindle",
"t2": "winding",
"tr1": "tsumu",
"tr2": "kuri"
},
"expansion": "紡錘 (tsumu, “a spindle”, root of the verb 紡む (tsumugu), “to spin thread or yarn”) + 繰り (kuri, “winding”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 繰(く)る (kuru, “to wind something onto something else”))",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ancient alternative to koma above. Probably from 紡錘 (tsumu, “a spindle”, root of the verb 紡む (tsumugu), “to spin thread or yarn”) + 繰り (kuri, “winding”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 繰(く)る (kuru, “to wind something onto something else”)).\nOccasionally also encountered with rendaku as tsumuguri.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "独楽",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"つむくり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumukuri",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つむくり"
},
"expansion": "独楽(つむくり) • (tsumukuri)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"id": "en-独楽-ja-noun-4M2VxvJM1",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, possibly obsolete) Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(koma) above",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "こま"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝmɯ̟ᵝkɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "独楽"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とくらく'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "獨樂",
"id": "1,3"
},
"expansion": "獨樂 (MC duwk lak)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 獨樂 (MC duwk lak).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "独楽",
"ruby": [
[
"独",
"どく"
],
[
"楽",
"らく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dokuraku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "どくらく",
"infl": "no"
},
"expansion": "独(どく)楽(らく) • (dokuraku)",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fun or entertaining for one person alone"
],
"id": "en-独楽-ja-adj-sCetJRCB",
"links": [
[
"fun",
"fun"
],
[
"entertaining",
"entertaining"
],
[
"alone",
"alone"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "どくらく"
},
{
"ipa": "[do̞kɯ̟ᵝɾa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "独楽"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とくらく'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "獨樂",
"id": "1,3"
},
"expansion": "獨樂 (MC duwk lak)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 獨樂 (MC duwk lak).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "独楽",
"ruby": [
[
"独",
"どく"
],
[
"楽",
"らく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dokuraku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "どくらく"
},
"expansion": "独(どく)楽(らく) • (dokuraku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"something fun or entertaining for one person alone"
],
"id": "en-独楽-ja-noun-oK5YDaj9",
"links": [
[
"fun",
"fun"
],
[
"entertaining",
"entertaining"
],
[
"alone",
"alone"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"id": "en-独楽-ja-noun-4M2VxvJM1",
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(koma) above",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "こま"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "どくらく"
},
{
"ipa": "[do̞kɯ̟ᵝɾa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "独楽"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with jukujikun",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:Toys"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "独楽塗"
},
{
"roman": "komanuri",
"word": "独楽塗り"
},
{
"roman": "komanezumi",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"コマ"
],
[
"鼠",
"ネズミ"
]
],
"word": "独楽鼠"
},
{
"roman": "koma-mawashi",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"こま"
],
[
"回",
"まわ"
]
],
"word": "独楽回し"
},
{
"roman": "unarigoma",
"ruby": [
[
"唸",
"うな"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "唸り独楽"
},
{
"roman": "kyokugoma",
"ruby": [
[
"曲",
"きょく"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "曲独楽"
},
{
"roman": "Gensui-goma",
"ruby": [
[
"源水",
"げんすい"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "源水独楽"
},
{
"roman": "gongon-goma",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "ごんごん独楽"
},
{
"roman": "sakazuki-goma",
"ruby": [
[
"杯",
"さかずき"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "杯独楽"
},
{
"roman": "zenigoma",
"ruby": [
[
"銭",
"ぜに"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "銭独楽"
},
{
"roman": "tatakigoma",
"ruby": [
[
"叩",
"たた"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "叩き独楽"
},
{
"roman": "tōgoma",
"ruby": [
[
"唐",
"とう"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "唐独楽"
},
{
"word": "貝独楽"
},
{
"roman": "baigoma",
"word": "海蠃独楽"
},
{
"roman": "beigoma",
"word": "貝独楽"
},
{
"roman": "hanagoma",
"ruby": [
[
"花",
"はな"
],
[
"独楽",
"ごま"
]
],
"word": "花独楽"
},
{
"word": "不精独楽"
},
{
"roman": "bushō-goma",
"word": "無精独楽"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "こま"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Appears to be a shortening of older reading komatsukuri or komatsuburi (see below).\nThe shorter form koma is now the most common reading. The kanji spelling is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "独楽",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"こま"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "koma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こま"
},
"expansion": "独楽(こま) • (koma)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a spinning top"
],
"links": [
[
"spinning top",
"spinning top"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a rigid object that can rotate freely around a fixed point"
],
"links": [
[
"rigid",
"rigid"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"rotate",
"rotate"
],
[
"freely",
"freely"
],
[
"fixed",
"fixed"
],
[
"point",
"point"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) a rigid object that can rotate freely around a fixed point"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) in the form or shape of a spinning top"
],
"links": [
[
"家紋",
"家紋#Japanese"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"crest",
"crest"
],
[
"form",
"form"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a hexagonal or octagonal top, decorated with images and/or writing, used for gambling"
],
"links": [
[
"hexagon",
"hexagon"
],
[
"octagon",
"octagon"
],
[
"decorate",
"decorate"
],
[
"image",
"image"
],
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"gambling",
"gambling"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "御花独楽"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こま"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ma̠]"
}
],
"word": "独楽"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:Toys"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "円ら",
"3": "",
"tr": "tsubura"
},
"expansion": "円ら (tsubura)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "高麗",
"3": "つぶり",
"pos2": "cognate with <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">円ら</i> (tsubura), “round”",
"sort": "こまつぶり",
"t1": "Goryeo; Korea; foreign lands",
"t2": "round thing",
"tr1": "Koma",
"tr2": "tsuburi"
},
"expansion": "高麗 (Koma, “Goryeo; Korea; foreign lands”) + つぶり (tsuburi, “round thing”, cognate with 円ら (tsubura), “round”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Older form of koma above.\nCompound of 高麗 (Koma, “Goryeo; Korea; foreign lands”) + つぶり (tsuburi, “round thing”, cognate with 円ら (tsubura), “round”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "独楽",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"こまつぶり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "komatsuburi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こまつぶり"
},
"expansion": "独楽(こまつぶり) • (komatsuburi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, possibly obsolete) Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(koma) above",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "こま"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ma̠t͡sɨᵝbɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]"
}
],
"word": "独楽"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:Toys"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "作る",
"2": "つくる",
"3": "to make",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "作(つく)る (tsukuru, “to make”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "作る",
"2": "つくる",
"3": "to make",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 作(つく)る (tsukuru, “to make”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "高麗",
"3": "作り",
"pos2": "the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei</span>, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 作(つく)る (tsukuru</span>, “to make”)",
"sort": "こまつくり",
"t1": "Goryeo; Korea; foreign lands",
"t2": "making; made thing",
"tr1": "Koma",
"tr2": "tsukuri"
},
"expansion": "高麗 (Koma, “Goryeo; Korea; foreign lands”) + 作り (tsukuri, “making; made thing”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 作(つく)る (tsukuru, “to make”))",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Additional older form of koma above, attested in the Wamyō Ruijushō (938 CE).\nCompound of 高麗 (Koma, “Goryeo; Korea; foreign lands”) + 作り (tsukuri, “making; made thing”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 作(つく)る (tsukuru, “to make”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "独楽",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"こまつくり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "komatsukuri",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こまつくり"
},
"expansion": "独楽(こまつくり) • (komatsukuri)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, possibly obsolete) Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(koma) above",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "こま"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ma̠t͡sɨᵝkɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Wamyō Ruijushō"
],
"word": "独楽"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:Toys"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "紡む",
"3": "",
"tr": "tsumugu"
},
"expansion": "紡む (tsumugu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "繰る",
"2": "くる",
"3": "to wind something onto something else",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "繰(く)る (kuru, “to wind something onto something else”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "繰る",
"2": "くる",
"3": "to wind something onto something else",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 繰(く)る (kuru, “to wind something onto something else”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "紡錘",
"3": "繰り",
"pos1": "root of the verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">紡む</i> (tsumugu), “to spin thread or yarn”",
"pos2": "the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei</span>, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 繰(く)る (kuru</span>, “to wind something onto something else”)",
"sort": "つむくり",
"t1": "a spindle",
"t2": "winding",
"tr1": "tsumu",
"tr2": "kuri"
},
"expansion": "紡錘 (tsumu, “a spindle”, root of the verb 紡む (tsumugu), “to spin thread or yarn”) + 繰り (kuri, “winding”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 繰(く)る (kuru, “to wind something onto something else”))",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ancient alternative to koma above. Probably from 紡錘 (tsumu, “a spindle”, root of the verb 紡む (tsumugu), “to spin thread or yarn”) + 繰り (kuri, “winding”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 繰(く)る (kuru, “to wind something onto something else”)).\nOccasionally also encountered with rendaku as tsumuguri.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "独楽",
"ruby": [
[
"独楽",
"つむくり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumukuri",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つむくり"
},
"expansion": "独楽(つむくり) • (tsumukuri)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, possibly obsolete) Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(koma) above",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "こま"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝmɯ̟ᵝkɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "独楽"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:Toys"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とくらく'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "獨樂",
"id": "1,3"
},
"expansion": "獨樂 (MC duwk lak)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 獨樂 (MC duwk lak).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "独楽",
"ruby": [
[
"独",
"どく"
],
[
"楽",
"らく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dokuraku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "どくらく",
"infl": "no"
},
"expansion": "独(どく)楽(らく) • (dokuraku)",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fun or entertaining for one person alone"
],
"links": [
[
"fun",
"fun"
],
[
"entertaining",
"entertaining"
],
[
"alone",
"alone"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "どくらく"
},
{
"ipa": "[do̞kɯ̟ᵝɾa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "独楽"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:Toys"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とくらく'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "獨樂",
"id": "1,3"
},
"expansion": "獨樂 (MC duwk lak)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 獨樂 (MC duwk lak).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "独楽",
"ruby": [
[
"独",
"どく"
],
[
"楽",
"らく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dokuraku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "どくらく"
},
"expansion": "独(どく)楽(らく) • (dokuraku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"something fun or entertaining for one person alone"
],
"links": [
[
"fun",
"fun"
],
[
"entertaining",
"entertaining"
],
[
"alone",
"alone"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with uncommon senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) Same as こま (koma) above"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(koma) above",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "こま"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "どくらく"
},
{
"ipa": "[do̞kɯ̟ᵝɾa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "独楽"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.