"炭化" meaning in All languages combined

See 炭化 on Wiktionary

Verb [Chinese]

IPA: /tʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /tʰaːn³³ faː³³/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Sinological-IPA], /tʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/, /tʰaːn³³ faː³³/ Chinese transliterations: tànhuà [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄊㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], taan³ faa³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], tànhuà [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄊㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], tànhuà [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], tʻan⁴-hua⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], tàn-hwà [Mandarin, Yale, standard], tannhuah [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], таньхуа [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], tanʹxua [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], taan³ faa³ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], taan fa [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Yale], taan³ faa³ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Pinyin], tan³ fa³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong]
Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 炭化
  1. to carbonize Synonyms: 碳化 (tànhuà)
    Sense id: en-炭化-zh-verb-i3fKghhX Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [tã̠ŋka̠] Forms: 炭化 [canonical] (ruby: (たん), ()), tanka [romanization], tankwa [romanization], たんくわ [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: 炭 (tan, “charcoal”) + 化 (ka, “transformation”) Etymology templates: {{m|ja|炭||charcoal|tr=tan}} 炭 (tan, “charcoal”), {{m|ja|化||transformation|tr=ka}} 化 (ka, “transformation”) Head templates: {{ja-noun|たんか|hhira=たんくわ}} 炭(たん)化(か) • (tanka) ^(←たんくわ (tankwa)?)
  1. carbonization Derived forms: 炭化水素 (tanka suiso) (ruby: 炭化水素(たんかすいそ)) (english: hydrocarbon)
    Sense id: en-炭化-ja-noun-sLHWU5Qh Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 85 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 89 11 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 89 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 89 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 89 11

Verb [Japanese]

IPA: [tã̠ŋka̠]
Etymology: 炭 (tan, “charcoal”) + 化 (ka, “transformation”) Etymology templates: {{m|ja|炭||charcoal|tr=tan}} 炭 (tan, “charcoal”), {{m|ja|化||transformation|tr=ka}} 化 (ka, “transformation”) Forms: 炭化する [canonical] (ruby: (たん), ()), tanka suru [romanization], tankwa [romanization], 炭化し [stem] (ruby: (たん), ()), 炭化した [past] (ruby: (たん), ()), no-table-tags [table-tags], 炭化し [error-unrecognized-form], たんかし [error-unrecognized-form], tanka shi [error-unrecognized-form], 炭化する [error-unrecognized-form], たんかする [error-unrecognized-form], tanka suru [error-unrecognized-form], 炭化すれ [error-unrecognized-form], たんかすれ [error-unrecognized-form], tanka sure [error-unrecognized-form], 炭化せよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 炭化しろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], たんかせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], たんかしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], tanka seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], tanka shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 炭化される [passive], たんかされる [passive], tanka sareru [passive], 炭化させる [causative], 炭化さす [causative], たんかさせる [causative], たんかさす [causative], tanka saseru [causative], tanka sasu [causative], 炭化できる [potential], たんかできる [potential], tanka dekiru [potential], 炭化しよう [volitional], たんかしよう [volitional], tanka shiyō [volitional], 炭化しない [negative], たんかしない [negative], tanka shinai [negative], 炭化せず [continuative, negative], たんかせず [continuative, negative], tanka sezu [continuative, negative], 炭化します [formal], たんかします [formal], tanka shimasu [formal], 炭化した [perfective], たんかした [perfective], tanka shita [perfective], 炭化して [conjunctive], たんかして [conjunctive], tanka shite [conjunctive], 炭化すれば [conditional, hypothetical], たんかすれば [conditional, hypothetical], tanka sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. to carbonize
    Sense id: en-炭化-ja-verb-i3fKghhX Categories (other): Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 20 80

Noun [Korean]

Forms: tanhwa [romanization], 탄화 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hangeul=탄화}} 炭化 • (tanhwa) (hangeul 탄화)
  1. Hanja form of 탄화 (“carbonisation”). Tags: alt-of, hanja Alternative form of: 탄화 (extra: carbonisation)

Download JSON data for 炭化 meaning in All languages combined (10.4kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "炭化",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to carbonize"
      ],
      "id": "en-炭化-zh-verb-i3fKghhX",
      "links": [
        [
          "carbonize",
          "carbonize"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "tànhuà",
          "word": "碳化"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tànhuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "taan³ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tànhuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tànhuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tʻan⁴-hua⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tàn-hwà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tannhuah"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "таньхуа"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tanʹxua"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "taan³ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "taan fa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "taan³ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tan³ fa³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰaːn³³ faː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰaːn³³ faː³³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "炭化"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "炭",
        "3": "",
        "4": "charcoal",
        "tr": "tan"
      },
      "expansion": "炭 (tan, “charcoal”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "化",
        "3": "",
        "4": "transformation",
        "tr": "ka"
      },
      "expansion": "化 (ka, “transformation”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "炭 (tan, “charcoal”) + 化 (ka, “transformation”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "炭化",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "炭",
          "たん"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tankwa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんくわ",
      "roman": "tankwa",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "たんか",
        "hhira": "たんくわ"
      },
      "expansion": "炭(たん)化(か) • (tanka) ^(←たんくわ (tankwa)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "85 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "hydrocarbon",
          "roman": "tanka suiso",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "炭化水素",
              "たんかすいそ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "炭化水素"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "carbonization"
      ],
      "id": "en-炭化-ja-noun-sLHWU5Qh",
      "links": [
        [
          "carbonization",
          "carbonization"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "たんか"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[tã̠ŋka̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "炭化"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "炭",
        "3": "",
        "4": "charcoal",
        "tr": "tan"
      },
      "expansion": "炭 (tan, “charcoal”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "化",
        "3": "",
        "4": "transformation",
        "tr": "ka"
      },
      "expansion": "化 (ka, “transformation”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "炭 (tan, “charcoal”) + 化 (ka, “transformation”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "炭化する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "炭",
          "たん"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tankwa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化し",
      "roman": "tanka shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "炭",
          "たん"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化した",
      "roman": "tanka shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "炭",
          "たん"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to carbonize"
      ],
      "id": "en-炭化-ja-verb-i3fKghhX",
      "links": [
        [
          "carbonize",
          "carbonize"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "たんか"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[tã̠ŋka̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "炭化"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tanhwa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "탄화",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "탄화"
      },
      "expansion": "炭化 • (tanhwa) (hangeul 탄화)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "carbonisation",
          "word": "탄화"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 탄화 (“carbonisation”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-炭化-ko-noun-YwCH7Pyq",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "탄화",
          "탄화#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "carbonisation",
          "carbonisation"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "炭化"
}
{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "炭化",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese terms with homophones",
        "Cantonese verbs",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Chinese verbs",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin terms with homophones",
        "Mandarin verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to carbonize"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "carbonize",
          "carbonize"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tànhuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "taan³ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tànhuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tànhuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tʻan⁴-hua⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tàn-hwà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tannhuah"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "таньхуа"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tanʹxua"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "taan³ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "taan fa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "taan³ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tan³ fa³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰaːn³³ faː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰaːn³³ faː³³/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "tànhuà",
      "word": "碳化"
    }
  ],
  "word": "炭化"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "hydrocarbon",
      "roman": "tanka suiso",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "炭化水素",
          "たんかすいそ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "炭化水素"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "炭",
        "3": "",
        "4": "charcoal",
        "tr": "tan"
      },
      "expansion": "炭 (tan, “charcoal”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "化",
        "3": "",
        "4": "transformation",
        "tr": "ka"
      },
      "expansion": "化 (ka, “transformation”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "炭 (tan, “charcoal”) + 化 (ka, “transformation”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "炭化",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "炭",
          "たん"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tankwa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんくわ",
      "roman": "tankwa",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "たんか",
        "hhira": "たんくわ"
      },
      "expansion": "炭(たん)化(か) • (tanka) ^(←たんくわ (tankwa)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "carbonization"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "carbonization",
          "carbonization"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "たんか"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[tã̠ŋka̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "炭化"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "炭",
        "3": "",
        "4": "charcoal",
        "tr": "tan"
      },
      "expansion": "炭 (tan, “charcoal”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "化",
        "3": "",
        "4": "transformation",
        "tr": "ka"
      },
      "expansion": "化 (ka, “transformation”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "炭 (tan, “charcoal”) + 化 (ka, “transformation”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "炭化する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "炭",
          "たん"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tankwa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化し",
      "roman": "tanka shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "炭",
          "たん"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化した",
      "roman": "tanka shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "炭",
          "たん"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "炭化すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "たんかすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanka sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to carbonize"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "carbonize",
          "carbonize"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "たんか"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[tã̠ŋka̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "炭化"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tanhwa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "탄화",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "탄화"
      },
      "expansion": "炭化 • (tanhwa) (hangeul 탄화)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "carbonisation",
          "word": "탄화"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 탄화 (“carbonisation”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "탄화",
          "탄화#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "carbonisation",
          "carbonisation"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "炭化"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "炭化"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "炭化",
  "trace": "started on line 19, detected on line 19"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
  "path": [
    "炭化"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "炭化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "炭化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "炭化",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "炭化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "炭化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "炭化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "炭化",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "炭化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "炭化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "炭化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "炭化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "炭化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "炭化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "炭化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "炭化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "炭化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "炭化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "炭化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "炭化",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.