"捲る" meaning in All languages combined

See 捲る on Wiktionary

Suffix [Japanese]

IPA: [ma̠kɯ̟ɾɯ̟] Forms: 捲る [canonical] (ruby: (まく)), -makuru [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-pos|suffix|まくる}} 捲(まく)る • (-makuru)
  1. do something energetically, relentlessly Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-捲る-ja-suffix-XtaiYSh7 Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 34 15 16 35 Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru: 11 28 28 33 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 17 29 22 33 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 28 21 21 30 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 56 44 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 31 17 25 27 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 38 19 21 22
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb [Japanese]

IPA: [ma̠kɯ̟ɾɯ̟]
Head templates: {{ja-verb|まくる|tr=trans|type=1}} 捲(まく)る • (makuru) transitive godan (stem 捲(まく)り (makuri), past 捲(まく)った (makutta)) Forms: 捲る [canonical] (ruby: (まく)), makuru [romanization], 捲り [stem] (ruby: (まく)), 捲った [past] (ruby: (まく)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 捲ら [error-unrecognized-form], まくら [error-unrecognized-form], makura [error-unrecognized-form], 捲り [error-unrecognized-form], まくり [error-unrecognized-form], makuri [error-unrecognized-form], 捲る [error-unrecognized-form], まくる [error-unrecognized-form], makuru [error-unrecognized-form], 捲れ [error-unrecognized-form], まくれ [error-unrecognized-form], makure [error-unrecognized-form], 捲られる [passive], まくられる [passive], makurareru [passive], 捲らせる [causative], 捲らす [causative], まくらせる [causative], まくらす [causative], makuraseru [causative], makurasu [causative], 捲れる [potential], まくれる [potential], makureru [potential], 捲ろう [volitional], まくろう [volitional], makurō [volitional], 捲らない [negative], まくらない [negative], makuranai [negative], 捲らず [continuative, negative], まくらず [continuative, negative], makurazu [continuative, negative], 捲ります [formal], まくります [formal], makurimasu [formal], 捲った [perfective], まくった [perfective], makutta [perfective], 捲って [conjunctive], まくって [conjunctive], makutte [conjunctive], 捲れば [conditional, hypothetical], まくれば [conditional, hypothetical], makureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. roll up (one's sleeves), tuck up
    Sense id: en-捲る-ja-verb-wYIlNlBW Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 34 15 16 35 Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru: 11 28 28 33 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 17 29 22 33 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 28 21 21 30 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 31 17 25 27
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb [Japanese]

IPA: [me̞kɯ̟ɾɯ̟]
Head templates: {{ja-verb|めくる|tr=trans|type=1}} 捲(めく)る • (mekuru) transitive godan (stem 捲(めく)り (mekuri), past 捲(めく)った (mekutta)) Forms: 捲る [canonical] (ruby: (めく)), mekuru [romanization], 捲り [stem] (ruby: (めく)), 捲った [past] (ruby: (めく)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 捲ら [error-unrecognized-form], めくら [error-unrecognized-form], mekura [error-unrecognized-form], 捲り [error-unrecognized-form], めくり [error-unrecognized-form], mekuri [error-unrecognized-form], 捲る [error-unrecognized-form], めくる [error-unrecognized-form], mekuru [error-unrecognized-form], 捲れ [error-unrecognized-form], めくれ [error-unrecognized-form], mekure [error-unrecognized-form], 捲られる [passive], めくられる [passive], mekurareru [passive], 捲らせる [causative], 捲らす [causative], めくらせる [causative], めくらす [causative], mekuraseru [causative], mekurasu [causative], 捲れる [potential], めくれる [potential], mekureru [potential], 捲ろう [volitional], めくろう [volitional], mekurō [volitional], 捲らない [negative], めくらない [negative], mekuranai [negative], 捲らず [continuative, negative], めくらず [continuative, negative], mekurazu [continuative, negative], 捲ります [formal], めくります [formal], mekurimasu [formal], 捲った [perfective], めくった [perfective], mekutta [perfective], 捲って [conjunctive], めくって [conjunctive], mekutte [conjunctive], 捲れば [conditional, hypothetical], めくれば [conditional, hypothetical], mekureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. turn over (a page)
    Sense id: en-捲る-ja-verb-gIZ7vBVJ Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 34 15 16 35 Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru: 11 28 28 33 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 17 29 22 33 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 28 21 21 30 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 31 17 25 27
  2. tear off, pull up
    Sense id: en-捲る-ja-verb-61OxRn4f Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 34 15 16 35 Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru: 11 28 28 33 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 18 25 23 33 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 21 19 20 39 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 22 19 20 38 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 17 29 22 33 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 28 21 21 30 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 24 18 19 39 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 31 17 25 27
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "捲る",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "まく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makuru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲り",
      "roman": "makuri",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "まく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲った",
      "roman": "makutta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "まく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-ru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲ら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makura",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲り",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makuri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makuru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲られる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makurareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makuraseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makurasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲れる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makureru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲ろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makurō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makuranai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makurazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲ります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makurimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makutta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makutte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲れば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "まくる",
        "tr": "trans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "捲(まく)る • (makuru) transitive godan (stem 捲(まく)り (makuri), past 捲(まく)った (makutta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 15 16 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 28 28 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 29 22 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 21 21 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 17 25 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "roll up (one's sleeves), tuck up"
      ],
      "id": "en-捲る-ja-verb-wYIlNlBW",
      "links": [
        [
          "roll up",
          "roll up"
        ],
        [
          "tuck",
          "tuck"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "まくる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ma̠kɯ̟ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "捲る"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "捲る",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "まく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-makuru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix",
        "2": "まくる"
      },
      "expansion": "捲(まく)る • (-makuru)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 15 16 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 28 28 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 29 22 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 21 21 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 17 25 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 19 21 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "do something energetically, relentlessly"
      ],
      "id": "en-捲る-ja-suffix-XtaiYSh7",
      "links": [
        [
          "energetically",
          "energetically"
        ],
        [
          "relentlessly",
          "relentlessly"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "まくる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ma̠kɯ̟ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "捲る"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "捲る",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "めく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekuru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲り",
      "roman": "mekuri",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "めく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲った",
      "roman": "mekutta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "めく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-ru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲ら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekura",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲り",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekuri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekuru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲られる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekurareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekuraseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekurasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲れる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekureru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲ろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekurō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekuranai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekurazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲ります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekurimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekutta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekutte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲れば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "めくる",
        "tr": "trans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "捲(めく)る • (mekuru) transitive godan (stem 捲(めく)り (mekuri), past 捲(めく)った (mekutta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 15 16 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 28 28 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 29 22 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 21 21 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 17 25 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "turn over (a page)"
      ],
      "id": "en-捲る-ja-verb-gIZ7vBVJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 15 16 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 28 28 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 25 23 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 19 20 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 19 20 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 29 22 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 21 21 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 18 19 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 17 25 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tear off, pull up"
      ],
      "id": "en-捲る-ja-verb-61OxRn4f",
      "links": [
        [
          "tear off",
          "tear off"
        ],
        [
          "pull up",
          "pull up"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "めくる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[me̞kɯ̟ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "捲る"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese godan verbs",
    "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese suffixes",
    "Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "捲る",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "まく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makuru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲り",
      "roman": "makuri",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "まく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲った",
      "roman": "makutta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "まく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-ru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲ら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makura",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲り",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makuri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makuru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲られる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makurareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makuraseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makurasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲れる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makureru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲ろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makurō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makuranai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makurazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲ります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makurimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makutta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makutte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲れば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まくれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "まくる",
        "tr": "trans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "捲(まく)る • (makuru) transitive godan (stem 捲(まく)り (makuri), past 捲(まく)った (makutta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "roll up (one's sleeves), tuck up"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "roll up",
          "roll up"
        ],
        [
          "tuck",
          "tuck"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "まくる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ma̠kɯ̟ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "捲る"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese godan verbs",
    "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese suffixes",
    "Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "捲る",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "まく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-makuru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix",
        "2": "まくる"
      },
      "expansion": "捲(まく)る • (-makuru)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "do something energetically, relentlessly"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "energetically",
          "energetically"
        ],
        [
          "relentlessly",
          "relentlessly"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "まくる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ma̠kɯ̟ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "捲る"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese godan verbs",
    "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "捲る",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "めく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekuru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲り",
      "roman": "mekuri",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "めく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲った",
      "roman": "mekutta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "捲",
          "めく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-ru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲ら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekura",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲り",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekuri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekuru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲られる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekurareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekuraseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekurasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲れる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekureru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲ろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekurō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekuranai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲らず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekurazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲ります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekurimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekutta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekutte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "捲れば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "めくれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mekureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "めくる",
        "tr": "trans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "捲(めく)る • (mekuru) transitive godan (stem 捲(めく)り (mekuri), past 捲(めく)った (mekutta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "turn over (a page)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tear off, pull up"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tear off",
          "tear off"
        ],
        [
          "pull up",
          "pull up"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "めくる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[me̞kɯ̟ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "捲る"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 捲る meaning in All languages combined (11.2kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "捲る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "捲る",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.