See 忸怩 on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "忸怩",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "zh:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bashful; shy; reserved"
],
"id": "en-忸怩-zh-adj-87DwZHw~",
"links": [
[
"bashful",
"bashful"
],
[
"shy",
"shy"
],
[
"reserved",
"reserved"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
10,
21
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
1,
3
]
],
"english": "The Duke, embarrassed, hurried off to have (the servant) released.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Guoyu, circa 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Jūn niǔní, nǎi qù shè zhī.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "君忸怩，乃趣赦之。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ashamed; embarrassed"
],
"id": "en-忸怩-zh-adj-O8SJR9dt",
"links": [
[
"ashamed",
"ashamed"
],
[
"embarrassed",
"embarrassed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) ashamed; embarrassed"
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "niǔní"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄋㄧㄡˇ ㄋㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "nuk⁶ nei⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "niǔní"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄋㄧㄡˇ ㄋㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "niǒuní"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "niu³-ni²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "nyǒu-ní"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "neouni"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "нюни"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "njuni"
},
{
"ipa": "/ni̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "nuhk nèih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "nuk⁹ nei⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "nug⁶ néi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/nʊk̚² nei̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "nrjuwk nrij"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*nuɡ nil/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ni̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/nʊk̚² nei̯²¹/"
},
{
"other": "/*nuɡ nil/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "畏小禮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "畏小礼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "秘四"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xiūsè",
"word": "羞澀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xiūsè",
"word": "羞涩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taiwanese-Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "覕䟙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taiwanese-Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "𰴕䟙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "miǎntiǎn",
"word": "靦腆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "miǎntiǎn",
"word": "䩄腆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "驚無藝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "惊无艺"
}
],
"word": "忸怩"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "忸怩",
"ruby": [
[
"忸",
"じく"
],
[
"怩",
"じ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "jikuji",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "忸怩とした",
"roman": "jikuji to shita",
"ruby": [
[
"忸",
"じく"
],
[
"怩",
"じ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "忸怩たる",
"roman": "jikuji taru",
"ruby": [
[
"忸",
"じく"
],
[
"怩",
"じ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "忸怩と",
"roman": "jikuji to",
"ruby": [
[
"忸",
"じく"
],
[
"怩",
"じ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "忸怩として",
"roman": "jikuji to shite",
"ruby": [
[
"忸",
"じく"
],
[
"怩",
"じ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "じくじ",
"infl": "tari"
},
"expansion": "忸(じく)怩(じ) • (jikuji) ^†-tari (adnominal 忸(じく)怩(じ)とした (jikuji to shita) or 忸(じく)怩(じ)たる (jikuji taru), adverbial 忸(じく)怩(じ)と (jikuji to) or 忸(じく)怩(じ)として (jikuji to shite))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bashful; shameful; ashamed"
],
"id": "en-忸怩-ja-adj-A14RS40q",
"links": [
[
"bashful",
"bashful"
],
[
"shameful",
"shameful"
],
[
"ashamed",
"ashamed"
]
]
}
],
"word": "忸怩"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "忸怩",
"ruby": [
[
"忸",
"じく"
],
[
"怩",
"じ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "jikuji",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "adverb",
"2": "じくじ"
},
"expansion": "忸(じく)怩(じ) • (jikuji)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 11 9 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 5 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ashamedly"
],
"id": "en-忸怩-ja-adv-gH9DE99a",
"links": [
[
"ashamedly",
"ashamedly"
]
]
}
],
"word": "忸怩"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 忸",
"Chinese terms spelled with 怩",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese adjectives",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese adjectives",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Emotions"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "忸怩",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bashful; shy; reserved"
],
"links": [
[
"bashful",
"bashful"
],
[
"shy",
"shy"
],
[
"reserved",
"reserved"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese dated terms",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
10,
21
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
1,
3
]
],
"english": "The Duke, embarrassed, hurried off to have (the servant) released.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Guoyu, circa 4ᵗʰ century BCE",
"roman": "Jūn niǔní, nǎi qù shè zhī.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "君忸怩，乃趣赦之。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ashamed; embarrassed"
],
"links": [
[
"ashamed",
"ashamed"
],
[
"embarrassed",
"embarrassed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) ashamed; embarrassed"
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "niǔní"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄋㄧㄡˇ ㄋㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "nuk⁶ nei⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "niǔní"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄋㄧㄡˇ ㄋㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "niǒuní"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "niu³-ni²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "nyǒu-ní"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "neouni"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "нюни"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "njuni"
},
{
"ipa": "/ni̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "nuhk nèih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "nuk⁹ nei⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "nug⁶ néi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/nʊk̚² nei̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "nrjuwk nrij"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*nuɡ nil/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ni̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/nʊk̚² nei̯²¹/"
},
{
"other": "/*nuɡ nil/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "畏小禮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "畏小礼"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "秘四"
},
{
"roman": "xiūsè",
"word": "羞澀"
},
{
"roman": "xiūsè",
"word": "羞涩"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taiwanese-Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "覕䟙"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taiwanese-Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "𰴕䟙"
},
{
"roman": "miǎntiǎn",
"word": "靦腆"
},
{
"roman": "miǎntiǎn",
"word": "䩄腆"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "驚無藝"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "惊无艺"
}
],
"word": "忸怩"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese adverbs",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese たり-tari adjectives",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "忸怩",
"ruby": [
[
"忸",
"じく"
],
[
"怩",
"じ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "jikuji",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "忸怩とした",
"roman": "jikuji to shita",
"ruby": [
[
"忸",
"じく"
],
[
"怩",
"じ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "忸怩たる",
"roman": "jikuji taru",
"ruby": [
[
"忸",
"じく"
],
[
"怩",
"じ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "忸怩と",
"roman": "jikuji to",
"ruby": [
[
"忸",
"じく"
],
[
"怩",
"じ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "忸怩として",
"roman": "jikuji to shite",
"ruby": [
[
"忸",
"じく"
],
[
"怩",
"じ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "じくじ",
"infl": "tari"
},
"expansion": "忸(じく)怩(じ) • (jikuji) ^†-tari (adnominal 忸(じく)怩(じ)とした (jikuji to shita) or 忸(じく)怩(じ)たる (jikuji taru), adverbial 忸(じく)怩(じ)と (jikuji to) or 忸(じく)怩(じ)として (jikuji to shite))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bashful; shameful; ashamed"
],
"links": [
[
"bashful",
"bashful"
],
[
"shameful",
"shameful"
],
[
"ashamed",
"ashamed"
]
]
}
],
"word": "忸怩"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese adverbs",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese たり-tari adjectives",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "忸怩",
"ruby": [
[
"忸",
"じく"
],
[
"怩",
"じ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "jikuji",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "adverb",
"2": "じくじ"
},
"expansion": "忸(じく)怩(じ) • (jikuji)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ashamedly"
],
"links": [
[
"ashamedly",
"ashamedly"
]
]
}
],
"word": "忸怩"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 忸怩 meaning in All languages combined (5.7kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"忸怩"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "忸怩",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E9%9D%A6%E8%85%86'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"忸怩"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "忸怩",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"忸怩"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "忸怩",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"忸怩"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adverb",
"title": "忸怩",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.