"形而上學" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "形而下學"
    },
    {
      "word": "形而下学"
    },
    {
      "roman": "biànzhèngfǎ",
      "word": "辯證法"
    },
    {
      "roman": "biànzhèngfǎ",
      "word": "辩证法"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "形而上"
      },
      "expansion": "形而上 (xíng'érshàng)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "是故，形而上 者 謂 之 道，形而下 者 謂 之 器。",
        "2": "Hence that which is antecedent to the material form exists, we say, as an ideal method, and that which is subsequent to the material form exists, we say, as a definite thing.",
        "collapsed": "y",
        "ref": "Yijing-L"
      },
      "expansion": "是故，形而上者謂之道，形而下者謂之器。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]是故，形而上者谓之道，形而下者谓之器。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: I Ching, 11ᵗʰ – 8ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nShìgù, xíng'érshàng zhě wèi zhī dào, xíng'érxià zhě wèi zhī qì. [Pinyin]\nHence that which is antecedent to the material form exists, we say, as an ideal method, and that which is subsequent to the material form exists, we say, as a definite thing.",
      "name": "zh-x"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The 形而上 (xíng'érshàng) part is from I Ching:\n:\n是故，形而上者謂之道，形而下者謂之器。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]是故，形而上者谓之道，形而下者谓之器。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: I Ching, 11ᵗʰ – 8ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nShìgù, xíng'érshàng zhě wèi zhī dào, xíng'érxià zhě wèi zhī qì. [Pinyin]\nHence that which is antecedent to the material form exists, we say, as an ideal method, and that which is subsequent to the material form exists, we say, as a definite thing.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "形而上學",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "68 17 15",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Philosophy",
          "orig": "zh:Philosophy",
          "parents": [
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "metaphysics (a branch of philosophy)"
      ],
      "id": "en-形而上學-zh-noun-~VaSLGL0",
      "links": [
        [
          "metaphysics",
          "metaphysics"
        ],
        [
          "philosophy",
          "philosophy#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Adhere to dialectical materialism and oppose metaphysics.",
          "ref": "堅持唯物辯證法，反對形而上學。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "坚持唯物辩证法，反对形而上学。 [MSC, simp.]\nJiānchí wéiwù biànzhèngfǎ, fǎnduì xíng'érshàngxué. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "metaphysics (the world outlook and methodology opposed to dialectics)"
      ],
      "id": "en-形而上學-zh-noun-xwybpFDC",
      "links": [
        [
          "metaphysics",
          "metaphysics"
        ],
        [
          "dialectics",
          "dialectics#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 94",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 75",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Logic",
          "orig": "zh:Logic",
          "parents": [
            "Formal sciences",
            "Philosophy",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "social science"
      ],
      "id": "en-形而上學-zh-noun-lYNw1c-Q",
      "links": [
        [
          "social science",
          "social science"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dated) social science"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xíng'érshàngxué"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄦˊ ㄕㄤˋ ㄒㄩㄝˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jing⁴ ji⁴ soeng⁶ hok⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xíng'érshàngxué"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "síng-érshàngsyué"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hsing²-êrh²-shang⁴-hsüeh²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "syíng-ér-shàng-sywé"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "shyngerlshanqshyue"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "синъэршансюэ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "sinʺeršansjue"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕiŋ³⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yìhng yìh seuhng hohk"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jing⁴ ji⁴ soeng⁶ hok⁹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ying⁴ yi⁴ sêng⁶ hog⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɪŋ²¹ jiː²¹ sœːŋ²² hɔːk̚²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕiŋ³⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɪŋ²¹ jiː²¹ sœːŋ²² hɔːk̚²/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "51 45 3",
      "roman": "xíngshàng",
      "sense": "metaphysics",
      "word": "形上"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "51 45 3",
      "roman": "xuánxué",
      "sense": "metaphysics",
      "word": "玄學"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "51 45 3",
      "roman": "xuánxué",
      "sense": "metaphysics",
      "word": "玄学"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "I Ching"
  ],
  "word": "形而上學"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "形而上學",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "形",
          "けい"
        ],
        [
          "而",
          "じ"
        ],
        [
          "上",
          "じょう"
        ],
        [
          "學",
          "がく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keijijōgaku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "けいじじょうがく"
      },
      "expansion": "形(けい)而(じ)上(じょう)學(がく) • (keijijōgaku)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese kyūjitai spellings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "metaphysics",
          "word": "形而上学"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Kyūjitai form of 形而上学 (“metaphysics”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-形而上學-ja-noun-qhY0rg3A",
      "links": [
        [
          "Kyūjitai",
          "kyūjitai"
        ],
        [
          "形而上学",
          "形而上学#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "metaphysics",
          "metaphysics"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "kyūjitai"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "形而上學"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hyeong'isanghak",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "형이상학",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hj",
        "hangeul": "형이상학"
      },
      "expansion": "形而上學 • (hyeong'isanghak) (hangeul 형이상학)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "metaphysics",
          "word": "형이상학"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 형이상학 (“metaphysics”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-形而上學-ko-noun-bRyEXb13",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "형이상학",
          "형이상학#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "metaphysics",
          "metaphysics"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "形而上學"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "形而上學",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "形而上學",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of hình nhi thượng học (“metaphysics”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-形而上學-vi-noun-vXRpkZFm",
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "hình nhi thượng học",
          "hình nhi thượng học#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "metaphysics",
          "metaphysics"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "形而上學"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "形而下學"
    },
    {
      "word": "形而下学"
    },
    {
      "roman": "biànzhèngfǎ",
      "word": "辯證法"
    },
    {
      "roman": "biànzhèngfǎ",
      "word": "辩证法"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "zh:Logic",
    "zh:Philosophy"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "形而上"
      },
      "expansion": "形而上 (xíng'érshàng)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "是故，形而上 者 謂 之 道，形而下 者 謂 之 器。",
        "2": "Hence that which is antecedent to the material form exists, we say, as an ideal method, and that which is subsequent to the material form exists, we say, as a definite thing.",
        "collapsed": "y",
        "ref": "Yijing-L"
      },
      "expansion": "是故，形而上者謂之道，形而下者謂之器。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]是故，形而上者谓之道，形而下者谓之器。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: I Ching, 11ᵗʰ – 8ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nShìgù, xíng'érshàng zhě wèi zhī dào, xíng'érxià zhě wèi zhī qì. [Pinyin]\nHence that which is antecedent to the material form exists, we say, as an ideal method, and that which is subsequent to the material form exists, we say, as a definite thing.",
      "name": "zh-x"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The 形而上 (xíng'érshàng) part is from I Ching:\n:\n是故，形而上者謂之道，形而下者謂之器。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]是故，形而上者谓之道，形而下者谓之器。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: I Ching, 11ᵗʰ – 8ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nShìgù, xíng'érshàng zhě wèi zhī dào, xíng'érxià zhě wèi zhī qì. [Pinyin]\nHence that which is antecedent to the material form exists, we say, as an ideal method, and that which is subsequent to the material form exists, we say, as a definite thing.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "形而上學",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "metaphysics (a branch of philosophy)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "metaphysics",
          "metaphysics"
        ],
        [
          "philosophy",
          "philosophy#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Adhere to dialectical materialism and oppose metaphysics.",
          "ref": "堅持唯物辯證法，反對形而上學。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "坚持唯物辩证法，反对形而上学。 [MSC, simp.]\nJiānchí wéiwù biànzhèngfǎ, fǎnduì xíng'érshàngxué. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "metaphysics (the world outlook and methodology opposed to dialectics)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "metaphysics",
          "metaphysics"
        ],
        [
          "dialectics",
          "dialectics#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese dated terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "social science"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "social science",
          "social science"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dated) social science"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xíng'érshàngxué"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄦˊ ㄕㄤˋ ㄒㄩㄝˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jing⁴ ji⁴ soeng⁶ hok⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xíng'érshàngxué"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "síng-érshàngsyué"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hsing²-êrh²-shang⁴-hsüeh²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "syíng-ér-shàng-sywé"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "shyngerlshanqshyue"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "синъэршансюэ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "sinʺeršansjue"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕiŋ³⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yìhng yìh seuhng hohk"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jing⁴ ji⁴ soeng⁶ hok⁹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ying⁴ yi⁴ sêng⁶ hog⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɪŋ²¹ jiː²¹ sœːŋ²² hɔːk̚²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕiŋ³⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɪŋ²¹ jiː²¹ sœːŋ²² hɔːk̚²/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "xíngshàng",
      "sense": "metaphysics",
      "word": "形上"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xuánxué",
      "sense": "metaphysics",
      "word": "玄學"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xuánxué",
      "sense": "metaphysics",
      "word": "玄学"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "I Ching"
  ],
  "word": "形而上學"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "形而上學",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "形",
          "けい"
        ],
        [
          "而",
          "じ"
        ],
        [
          "上",
          "じょう"
        ],
        [
          "學",
          "がく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keijijōgaku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "けいじじょうがく"
      },
      "expansion": "形(けい)而(じ)上(じょう)學(がく) • (keijijōgaku)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese kyūjitai spellings",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese nouns",
        "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms written with four Han script characters"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "metaphysics",
          "word": "形而上学"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Kyūjitai form of 形而上学 (“metaphysics”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Kyūjitai",
          "kyūjitai"
        ],
        [
          "形而上学",
          "形而上学#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "metaphysics",
          "metaphysics"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "kyūjitai"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "形而上學"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hyeong'isanghak",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "형이상학",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hj",
        "hangeul": "형이상학"
      },
      "expansion": "形而上學 • (hyeong'isanghak) (hangeul 형이상학)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "metaphysics",
          "word": "형이상학"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 형이상학 (“metaphysics”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "형이상학",
          "형이상학#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "metaphysics",
          "metaphysics"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "形而上學"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "形而上學",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "形而上學",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
        "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Vietnamese lemmas",
        "Vietnamese nouns",
        "Vietnamese nouns in Han script",
        "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of hình nhi thượng học (“metaphysics”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "hình nhi thượng học",
          "hình nhi thượng học#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "metaphysics",
          "metaphysics"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "形而上學"
}