"同性愛" meaning in All languages combined

See 同性愛 on Wiktionary

Noun [Chinese]

IPA: /tʰʊŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /tʰʊŋ²¹ sɪŋ³³ ɔːi̯³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /tʰʊŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/, /tʰʊŋ²¹ sɪŋ³³ ɔːi̯³³/, /doŋ²² ɕin⁵⁵ e²¹/ Chinese transliterations: tóngxìng'ài [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄊㄨㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄞˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], tung⁴ sing³ oi³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], ⁶don-shin-e, tóngxìng'ài [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], tóngsìng-ài [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], tʻung²-hsing⁴-ai⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], túng-syìng-ài [Mandarin, Yale], torngshinqay [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], тунсинъай [Mandarin, Palladius], tunsinʺaj [Mandarin, Palladius], tùhng sing oi [Cantonese, Yale], tung⁴ sing³ oi³ [Cantonese, Pinyin], tung⁴ xing³ oi³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], ⁶don-shin-e [Wu], don^去 shin e [Wu], ³don-xin-e [Wu], /doŋ²² ɕin⁵⁵ e²¹/ [Wu]
Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 同性愛
  1. homosexuality
    Sense id: en-同性愛-zh-noun-LhAKSP~H Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [do̞ːse̞ːa̠i] Forms: 同性愛 [canonical] (ruby: (どう), (せい), (あい)), dōseiai [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|どうせいあい}} 同(どう)性(せい)愛(あい) • (dōseiai)
  1. homosexuality Wikipedia link: ja:同性愛 Categories (topical): LGBT, Sexual orientations Related terms: 同性愛者 (dōseiaisha) (ruby: (どう), (せい), (あい), (しゃ)) (english: homosexual person), 性的指向 [sexual-orientations, sexuality, lifestyle], 非性愛, 両性愛, 異性愛, 全性愛, 多性愛 [edit]

Noun [Korean]

Forms: dongseong'ae [romanization], 동성애 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hangeul=동성애}} 同性愛 • (dongseong'ae) (hangeul 동성애)
  1. Hanja form of 동성애 (“homosexuality”). Tags: alt-of, hanja Alternative form of: 동성애 (extra: homosexuality)

Download JSON data for 同性愛 meaning in All languages combined (5.7kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "同性愛",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "homosexuality"
      ],
      "id": "en-同性愛-zh-noun-LhAKSP~H",
      "links": [
        [
          "homosexuality",
          "homosexuality"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóngxìng'ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄨㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tung⁴ sing³ oi³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶don-shin-e"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóngxìng'ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóngsìng-ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tʻung²-hsing⁴-ai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "túng-syìng-ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "torngshinqay"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "тунсинъай"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tunsinʺaj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tùhng sing oi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tung⁴ sing³ oi³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tung⁴ xing³ oi³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰʊŋ²¹ sɪŋ³³ ɔːi̯³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶don-shin-e"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "don^去 shin e"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³don-xin-e"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/doŋ²² ɕin⁵⁵ e²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰʊŋ²¹ sɪŋ³³ ɔːi̯³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/doŋ²² ɕin⁵⁵ e²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "同性愛"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "同性愛",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "同",
          "どう"
        ],
        [
          "性",
          "せい"
        ],
        [
          "愛",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dōseiai",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "どうせいあい"
      },
      "expansion": "同(どう)性(せい)愛(あい) • (dōseiai)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "LGBT",
          "orig": "ja:LGBT",
          "parents": [
            "Sexuality",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Sex",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Reproduction",
            "Fundamental",
            "Life",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Sexual orientations",
          "orig": "ja:Sexual orientations",
          "parents": [
            "LGBT",
            "Love",
            "Sexuality",
            "Emotions",
            "Virtue",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Sex",
            "Mind",
            "Ethics",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Reproduction",
            "Philosophy",
            "Fundamental",
            "Life",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "homosexuality"
      ],
      "id": "en-同性愛-ja-noun-LhAKSP~H",
      "links": [
        [
          "homosexuality",
          "homosexuality"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "homosexual person",
          "roman": "dōseiaisha",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "同",
              "どう"
            ],
            [
              "性",
              "せい"
            ],
            [
              "愛",
              "あい"
            ],
            [
              "者",
              "しゃ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "同性愛者"
        },
        {
          "topics": [
            "sexual-orientations",
            "sexuality",
            "lifestyle"
          ],
          "urls": [
            "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:sexual_orientations/ja?action=edit"
          ],
          "word": "性的指向"
        },
        {
          "urls": [
            "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:sexual_orientations/ja?action=edit"
          ],
          "word": "非性愛"
        },
        {
          "urls": [
            "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:sexual_orientations/ja?action=edit"
          ],
          "word": "両性愛"
        },
        {
          "urls": [
            "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:sexual_orientations/ja?action=edit"
          ],
          "word": "異性愛"
        },
        {
          "urls": [
            "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:sexual_orientations/ja?action=edit"
          ],
          "word": "全性愛"
        },
        {
          "urls": [
            "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:sexual_orientations/ja?action=edit"
          ],
          "word": "多性愛 [edit]"
        }
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "ja:同性愛"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "どーせーあい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[do̞ːse̞ːa̠i]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "同性愛"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dongseong'ae",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "동성애",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "동성애"
      },
      "expansion": "同性愛 • (dongseong'ae) (hangeul 동성애)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "homosexuality",
          "word": "동성애"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 동성애 (“homosexuality”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-同性愛-ko-noun-Qc8TTwFC",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "동성애",
          "동성애#Korean"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "同性愛"
}
{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "同性愛",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese nouns",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese nouns",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin nouns",
        "Wu lemmas",
        "Wu nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "homosexuality"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "homosexuality",
          "homosexuality"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóngxìng'ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄨㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tung⁴ sing³ oi³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶don-shin-e"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóngxìng'ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóngsìng-ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tʻung²-hsing⁴-ai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "túng-syìng-ài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "torngshinqay"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "тунсинъай"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tunsinʺaj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tùhng sing oi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tung⁴ sing³ oi³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tung⁴ xing³ oi³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰʊŋ²¹ sɪŋ³³ ɔːi̯³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶don-shin-e"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "don^去 shin e"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³don-xin-e"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/doŋ²² ɕin⁵⁵ e²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰʊŋ²¹ sɪŋ³³ ɔːi̯³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/doŋ²² ɕin⁵⁵ e²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "同性愛"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "同性愛",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "同",
          "どう"
        ],
        [
          "性",
          "せい"
        ],
        [
          "愛",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dōseiai",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "どうせいあい"
      },
      "expansion": "同(どう)性(せい)愛(あい) • (dōseiai)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "homosexual person",
      "roman": "dōseiaisha",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "同",
          "どう"
        ],
        [
          "性",
          "せい"
        ],
        [
          "愛",
          "あい"
        ],
        [
          "者",
          "しゃ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "同性愛者"
    },
    {
      "topics": [
        "sexual-orientations",
        "sexuality",
        "lifestyle"
      ],
      "urls": [
        "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:sexual_orientations/ja?action=edit"
      ],
      "word": "性的指向"
    },
    {
      "urls": [
        "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:sexual_orientations/ja?action=edit"
      ],
      "word": "非性愛"
    },
    {
      "urls": [
        "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:sexual_orientations/ja?action=edit"
      ],
      "word": "両性愛"
    },
    {
      "urls": [
        "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:sexual_orientations/ja?action=edit"
      ],
      "word": "異性愛"
    },
    {
      "urls": [
        "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:sexual_orientations/ja?action=edit"
      ],
      "word": "全性愛"
    },
    {
      "urls": [
        "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:sexual_orientations/ja?action=edit"
      ],
      "word": "多性愛 [edit]"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese nouns",
        "Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms written with three Han script characters",
        "ja:LGBT",
        "ja:Sexual orientations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "homosexuality"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "homosexuality",
          "homosexuality"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "ja:同性愛"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "どーせーあい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[do̞ːse̞ːa̠i]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "同性愛"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dongseong'ae",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "동성애",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "동성애"
      },
      "expansion": "同性愛 • (dongseong'ae) (hangeul 동성애)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "homosexuality",
          "word": "동성애"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 동성애 (“homosexuality”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "동성애",
          "동성애#Korean"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "同性愛"
}
{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
  "path": [
    "同性愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "同性愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "同性愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "同性愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
  "path": [
    "同性愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "同性愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
  "path": [
    "同性愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "同性愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
  "path": [
    "同性愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "同性愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "同性愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "同性愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
  "path": [
    "同性愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "同性愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "同性愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "同性愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "同性愛"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "同性愛",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "同性愛"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "同性愛",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.