See 令和 on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "令和",
"tr": "Reiwa"
},
"expansion": "Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 令和 (Reiwa)",
"name": "obor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 令和 (Reiwa).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "令和",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "History",
"orig": "zh:History",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Japan",
"orig": "zh:Japan",
"parents": [
"Asia",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Reiwa era of Japanese history"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-令和-zh-name-rlX0U74k",
"links": [
[
"Reiwa",
"Reiwa"
],
[
"era",
"era"
],
[
"Japanese",
"Japanese"
],
[
"history",
"history"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Lìnghé"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ling⁶ wo⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "Lêng-huò"
},
{
"zh-pron": "Lēng-hô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Lìnghé"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Lìnghé"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Ling⁴-ho²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Lìng-hé"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Linqher"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Линхэ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Linxɛ"
},
{
"ipa": "/liŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lihng wòh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ling⁶ wo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ling⁶ wo⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪŋ²² wɔː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "Lêng-huò"
},
{
"ipa": "/l̃iŋ²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuo⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "Lēng-hô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "Līng-hô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "lexnghooi"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ho²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² ho²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ho¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ³³⁻²¹ hɤ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪŋ²² wɔː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/l̃iŋ²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuo⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ho²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² ho²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ho¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ³³⁻²¹ hɤ²³/"
}
],
"word": "令和"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Reiwa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Reiwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Reiwa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "令和"
},
"expansion": "令和 (Lìnghé)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"text": "Mandarin: 令和 (Lìnghé)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "^레이와",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 레이와 (Reiwa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 레이와 (Reiwa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Reiwa",
"3": "Lệnh Hoà",
"4": "Lệnh Hòa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: Reiwa, Lệnh Hoà, Lệnh Hòa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: Reiwa, Lệnh Hoà, Lệnh Hòa"
}
],
"etymology_examples": [
{
"english": "Then comes young spring, in a fine month,\nWhen the wind is mild and the air clear.\nPlains and swamps are overgrown with verdure\nAnd the hundred grasses become rank and thick.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Return to the Field, by Zhang Heng, 138 CE",
"roman": "Yúshì zhòng chūn lìngyuè, shí hé qì qīng; yuán xí yù mào, bǎicǎo zī róng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "於是仲春令月，時和氣清；原隰鬱茂，百草滋榮。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Then comes young spring, in a fine month,\nWhen the wind is mild and the air clear.\nPlains and swamps are overgrown with verdure\nAnd the hundred grasses become rank and thick.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Return to the Field, by Zhang Heng, 138 CE",
"roman": "Yúshì zhòng chūn lìngyuè, shí hé qì qīng; yuán xí yù mào, bǎicǎo zī róng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "于是仲春令月，时和气清；原隰郁茂，百草滋荣。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lzh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "759 <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>",
"short": "1"
},
"expansion": "c. 759 CE",
"name": "circa2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "于時、初春令月、氣淑風和、&披鏡前之粉、蘭薫珮後之香。（初春の令月にして、気淑く風和らぎ、梅は鏡前の粉を披き、蘭は珮後の香を薫す。）",
"3": "It was in new spring, in a fair month,\nWhen the air was clear and the wind a gentle breeze.\nPlum flowers blossomed a beauty's charming white\nAnd the fragrance of the orchids was their sweet perfume.",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "于時、初春令月、氣淑風和、梅披鏡前之粉、蘭薫珮後之香。（初春の令月にして、気淑く風和らぎ、梅は鏡前の粉を披き、蘭は珮後の香を薫す。）\nIt was in new spring, in a fair month,\nWhen the air was clear and the wind a gentle breeze.\nPlum flowers blossomed a beauty's charming white\nAnd the fragrance of the orchids was their sweet perfume.",
"name": "quote"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Literary Chinese foreword by Ōtomo no Tabito to poems 815-846 in the fifth book of the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE). Relevant part of the foreword:\n:\n于時、初春令月、氣淑風和、梅披鏡前之粉、蘭薫珮後之香。（初春の令月にして、気淑く風和らぎ、梅は鏡前の粉を披き、蘭は珮後の香を薫す。）\nIt was in new spring, in a fair month,\nWhen the air was clear and the wind a gentle breeze.\nPlum flowers blossomed a beauty's charming white\nAnd the fragrance of the orchids was their sweet perfume.\nThe Man'yōshū passage alludes in turn to a rhapsody written in 138 CE by the Han polymath and statesman Zhang Heng, titled 歸田賦／归田赋 (Guītián Fù, “Return to the Field”). Below is the relevant part of the rhapsody with translation by Liu Wu-chi (1990), with slightly different choices of English for the same Chinese words:\n:\nWith reference to both contexts, a general understanding of this kanji compound is thus along the lines of \"good harmony\", though it should be noted that this sense of \"good\" of the common character 令 (rei) is otherwise very rare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "令和",
"ruby": [
[
"令",
"れい"
],
[
"和",
"わ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Reiwa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "れいわ"
},
"expansion": "令(れい)和(わ) • (Reiwa)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Historical periods",
"orig": "ja:Historical periods",
"parents": [
"History",
"Timekeeping",
"All topics",
"Time",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "History of Japan",
"orig": "ja:History of Japan",
"parents": [
"History of Asia",
"Japan",
"Asia",
"History",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the Reiwa era, 2019-present"
],
"id": "en-令和-ja-name-ZvwhJpjs",
"links": [
[
"era",
"era"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "era preceding Reiwa",
"roman": "Heisei",
"ruby": [
[
"平",
"へい"
],
[
"成",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "平成"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Han dynasty",
"Iwanami Shoten",
"Man'yōshū",
"Reiwa era",
"Return to the Field",
"Zhang Heng",
"ja:令和",
"Ōtomo no Tabito"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "れーわ"
},
{
"other": "れーわ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɾe̞ːβ̞a̠]"
}
],
"word": "令和"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "proper noun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "令和",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of Lệnh Hoà, Lệnh Hòa (“Reiwa era of Japanese history”)."
],
"id": "en-令和-vi-name-avPMirub",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Lệnh Hoà",
"Lệnh Hoà#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Lệnh Hòa",
"Lệnh Hòa#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Reiwa",
"Reiwa"
],
[
"era",
"era"
],
[
"Japanese",
"Japanese"
],
[
"history",
"history"
]
]
}
],
"word": "令和"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "令和",
"tr": "Reiwa"
},
"expansion": "Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 令和 (Reiwa)",
"name": "obor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 令和 (Reiwa).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "令和",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese proper nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese",
"Chinese terms derived from Japanese",
"Chinese terms spelled with 令",
"Chinese terms spelled with 和",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien proper nouns",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin proper nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:History",
"zh:Japan"
],
"glosses": [
"Reiwa era of Japanese history"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"Reiwa",
"Reiwa"
],
[
"era",
"era"
],
[
"Japanese",
"Japanese"
],
[
"history",
"history"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Lìnghé"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ling⁶ wo⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "Lêng-huò"
},
{
"zh-pron": "Lēng-hô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Lìnghé"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Lìnghé"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Ling⁴-ho²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Lìng-hé"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Linqher"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Линхэ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Linxɛ"
},
{
"ipa": "/liŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lihng wòh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ling⁶ wo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ling⁶ wo⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪŋ²² wɔː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "Lêng-huò"
},
{
"ipa": "/l̃iŋ²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuo⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "Lēng-hô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "Līng-hô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "lexnghooi"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ho²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² ho²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ho¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ³³⁻²¹ hɤ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪŋ²² wɔː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/l̃iŋ²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuo⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ho²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² ho²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ho¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ³³⁻²¹ hɤ²³/"
}
],
"word": "令和"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Reiwa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Reiwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Reiwa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "令和"
},
"expansion": "令和 (Lìnghé)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"text": "Mandarin: 令和 (Lìnghé)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "^레이와",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 레이와 (Reiwa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 레이와 (Reiwa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Reiwa",
"3": "Lệnh Hoà",
"4": "Lệnh Hòa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: Reiwa, Lệnh Hoà, Lệnh Hòa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: Reiwa, Lệnh Hoà, Lệnh Hòa"
}
],
"etymology_examples": [
{
"english": "Then comes young spring, in a fine month,\nWhen the wind is mild and the air clear.\nPlains and swamps are overgrown with verdure\nAnd the hundred grasses become rank and thick.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Return to the Field, by Zhang Heng, 138 CE",
"roman": "Yúshì zhòng chūn lìngyuè, shí hé qì qīng; yuán xí yù mào, bǎicǎo zī róng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "於是仲春令月，時和氣清；原隰鬱茂，百草滋榮。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Then comes young spring, in a fine month,\nWhen the wind is mild and the air clear.\nPlains and swamps are overgrown with verdure\nAnd the hundred grasses become rank and thick.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Return to the Field, by Zhang Heng, 138 CE",
"roman": "Yúshì zhòng chūn lìngyuè, shí hé qì qīng; yuán xí yù mào, bǎicǎo zī róng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "于是仲春令月，时和气清；原隰郁茂，百草滋荣。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lzh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "759 <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>",
"short": "1"
},
"expansion": "c. 759 CE",
"name": "circa2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "于時、初春令月、氣淑風和、&披鏡前之粉、蘭薫珮後之香。（初春の令月にして、気淑く風和らぎ、梅は鏡前の粉を披き、蘭は珮後の香を薫す。）",
"3": "It was in new spring, in a fair month,\nWhen the air was clear and the wind a gentle breeze.\nPlum flowers blossomed a beauty's charming white\nAnd the fragrance of the orchids was their sweet perfume.",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "于時、初春令月、氣淑風和、梅披鏡前之粉、蘭薫珮後之香。（初春の令月にして、気淑く風和らぎ、梅は鏡前の粉を披き、蘭は珮後の香を薫す。）\nIt was in new spring, in a fair month,\nWhen the air was clear and the wind a gentle breeze.\nPlum flowers blossomed a beauty's charming white\nAnd the fragrance of the orchids was their sweet perfume.",
"name": "quote"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Literary Chinese foreword by Ōtomo no Tabito to poems 815-846 in the fifth book of the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE). Relevant part of the foreword:\n:\n于時、初春令月、氣淑風和、梅披鏡前之粉、蘭薫珮後之香。（初春の令月にして、気淑く風和らぎ、梅は鏡前の粉を披き、蘭は珮後の香を薫す。）\nIt was in new spring, in a fair month,\nWhen the air was clear and the wind a gentle breeze.\nPlum flowers blossomed a beauty's charming white\nAnd the fragrance of the orchids was their sweet perfume.\nThe Man'yōshū passage alludes in turn to a rhapsody written in 138 CE by the Han polymath and statesman Zhang Heng, titled 歸田賦／归田赋 (Guītián Fù, “Return to the Field”). Below is the relevant part of the rhapsody with translation by Liu Wu-chi (1990), with slightly different choices of English for the same Chinese words:\n:\nWith reference to both contexts, a general understanding of this kanji compound is thus along the lines of \"good harmony\", though it should be noted that this sense of \"good\" of the common character 令 (rei) is otherwise very rare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "令和",
"ruby": [
[
"令",
"れい"
],
[
"和",
"わ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Reiwa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "れいわ"
},
"expansion": "令(れい)和(わ) • (Reiwa)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"english": "era preceding Reiwa",
"roman": "Heisei",
"ruby": [
[
"平",
"へい"
],
[
"成",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "平成"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with audio pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Historical periods",
"ja:History of Japan"
],
"glosses": [
"the Reiwa era, 2019-present"
],
"links": [
[
"era",
"era"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Han dynasty",
"Iwanami Shoten",
"Man'yōshū",
"Reiwa era",
"Return to the Field",
"Zhang Heng",
"ja:令和",
"Ōtomo no Tabito"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "れーわ"
},
{
"other": "れーわ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɾe̞ːβ̞a̠]"
}
],
"word": "令和"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "proper noun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "令和",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese proper nouns",
"Vietnamese proper nouns in Han script"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of Lệnh Hoà, Lệnh Hòa (“Reiwa era of Japanese history”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Lệnh Hoà",
"Lệnh Hoà#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Lệnh Hòa",
"Lệnh Hòa#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Reiwa",
"Reiwa"
],
[
"era",
"era"
],
[
"Japanese",
"Japanese"
],
[
"history",
"history"
]
]
}
],
"word": "令和"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 令和 meaning in All languages combined (9.8kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"令和"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "令和",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"令和"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "令和",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"令和"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "令和",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"令和"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "令和",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"令和"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "令和",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"令和"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "令和",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
"msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, 令和/Chinese",
"path": [
"令和"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "令和",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"令和"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "令和",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.