"ㅁ" meaning in All languages combined

See ㅁ on Wiktionary

Character [Korean]

Etymology: The Hunmin Jeongeum Haerye, the treatise introducing the principles behind the Korean alphabet written by its inventor King Sejong in 1446, explains that this glyph was derived from the outline of the mouth because /m/ is a "labial sound" (唇音). Note that it is nearly identical in shape to 口 (kǒu), the Chinese logogram for "mouth". According to Sejong, the letters ㅂ (b, “b”) and ㅍ (p, “p”) were created by adding strokes to ㅁ, because all three are bilabial sounds. Gari Ledyard proposes that Sejong derived ㅁ from the lower part of ㅂ, which he believes was itself inspired by the 'Phags-pa letter ꡎ (p) turned around. Ledyard gives evidence that Sejong was inspired by 'Phags-pa for the basic glyph forms, although he changed the shapes of the letters drastically in order to enhance the simplicity and rationality of his script, and the ultimate shape of the letters may indeed have been influenced by that of the speech organs (Ledyard 1997). Etymology templates: {{IPAfont|/m/}} /m/, {{m|zh|唇音}} 唇音, {{m|zh|口}} 口 (kǒu), {{ko-l|ㅂ|b}} ㅂ (b, “b”), {{ko-l|ㅍ|p}} ㅍ (p, “p”), {{lang|ko|ㅁ}} ㅁ, {{lang|ko|ㅁ}} ㅁ, {{lang|ko|ㅂ}} ㅂ, {{l|mul|ꡎ|sc=Phag|tr=p}} ꡎ (p), {{ko-ref|Ledyard 1997}} Ledyard 1997 Head templates: {{ko-pos|letter}} ㅁ • (m)
  1. 미음 (mieum, “mieum”), a jamo (letter) of the alphabet of the Korean writing system, hangeul; the bilabial nasal (/m/) Tags: letter, masculine Derived forms: (b) (english: according to Sejong)
    Sense id: en-ㅁ-ko-character-EDETPD2C Categories (other): Korean entries with incorrect language header, Korean terms with redundant script codes, Korean terms with redundant transliterations Disambiguation of Korean entries with incorrect language header: 72 28 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant script codes: 86 14 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant transliterations: 82 18
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix [Korean]

Forms: —ㅁ [canonical], -m [romanization]
Head templates: {{ko-pos|suffix}} —ㅁ • (-m)
  1. See the entries at ㅁ (-m), 음 (-eum). Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ㅁ-ko-suffix-gOkDqovS
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for ㅁ meaning in All languages combined (3.4kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "/m/"
      },
      "expansion": "/m/",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "唇音"
      },
      "expansion": "唇音",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "口"
      },
      "expansion": "口 (kǒu)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ㅂ",
        "2": "b"
      },
      "expansion": "ㅂ (b, “b”)",
      "name": "ko-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ㅍ",
        "2": "p"
      },
      "expansion": "ㅍ (p, “p”)",
      "name": "ko-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "ㅁ"
      },
      "expansion": "ㅁ",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "ㅁ"
      },
      "expansion": "ㅁ",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "ㅂ"
      },
      "expansion": "ㅂ",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "ꡎ",
        "sc": "Phag",
        "tr": "p"
      },
      "expansion": "ꡎ (p)",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ledyard 1997"
      },
      "expansion": "Ledyard 1997",
      "name": "ko-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The Hunmin Jeongeum Haerye, the treatise introducing the principles behind the Korean alphabet written by its inventor King Sejong in 1446, explains that this glyph was derived from the outline of the mouth because /m/ is a \"labial sound\" (唇音). Note that it is nearly identical in shape to 口 (kǒu), the Chinese logogram for \"mouth\". According to Sejong, the letters ㅂ (b, “b”) and ㅍ (p, “p”) were created by adding strokes to ㅁ, because all three are bilabial sounds.\nGari Ledyard proposes that Sejong derived ㅁ from the lower part of ㅂ, which he believes was itself inspired by the 'Phags-pa letter ꡎ (p) turned around. Ledyard gives evidence that Sejong was inspired by 'Phags-pa for the basic glyph forms, although he changed the shapes of the letters drastically in order to enhance the simplicity and rationality of his script, and the ultimate shape of the letters may indeed have been influenced by that of the speech organs (Ledyard 1997).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "letter"
      },
      "expansion": "ㅁ • (m)",
      "name": "ko-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "72 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "86 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "according to Sejong",
          "roman": "b",
          "word": "ㅂ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "미음 (mieum, “mieum”), a jamo (letter) of the alphabet of the Korean writing system, hangeul; the bilabial nasal (/m/)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ㅁ-ko-character-EDETPD2C",
      "links": [
        [
          "미음",
          "미음"
        ],
        [
          "jamo",
          "jamo"
        ],
        [
          "hangeul",
          "hangeul"
        ],
        [
          "bilabial",
          "bilabial"
        ],
        [
          "nasal",
          "nasal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "letter",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "'Phags-pa script",
    "Sejong of Joseon"
  ],
  "word": "ㅁ"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "—ㅁ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-m",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "—ㅁ • (-m)",
      "name": "ko-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "See the entries at ㅁ (-m), 음 (-eum)."
      ],
      "id": "en-ㅁ-ko-suffix-gOkDqovS",
      "links": [
        [
          "ㅁ",
          "-ㅁ#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "음",
          "-음#Korean"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ㅁ"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean letters",
    "Korean suffixes",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Korean terms without ko-IPA template"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "according to Sejong",
      "roman": "b",
      "word": "ㅂ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "/m/"
      },
      "expansion": "/m/",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "唇音"
      },
      "expansion": "唇音",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "口"
      },
      "expansion": "口 (kǒu)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ㅂ",
        "2": "b"
      },
      "expansion": "ㅂ (b, “b”)",
      "name": "ko-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ㅍ",
        "2": "p"
      },
      "expansion": "ㅍ (p, “p”)",
      "name": "ko-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "ㅁ"
      },
      "expansion": "ㅁ",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "ㅁ"
      },
      "expansion": "ㅁ",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "ㅂ"
      },
      "expansion": "ㅂ",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "ꡎ",
        "sc": "Phag",
        "tr": "p"
      },
      "expansion": "ꡎ (p)",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ledyard 1997"
      },
      "expansion": "Ledyard 1997",
      "name": "ko-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The Hunmin Jeongeum Haerye, the treatise introducing the principles behind the Korean alphabet written by its inventor King Sejong in 1446, explains that this glyph was derived from the outline of the mouth because /m/ is a \"labial sound\" (唇音). Note that it is nearly identical in shape to 口 (kǒu), the Chinese logogram for \"mouth\". According to Sejong, the letters ㅂ (b, “b”) and ㅍ (p, “p”) were created by adding strokes to ㅁ, because all three are bilabial sounds.\nGari Ledyard proposes that Sejong derived ㅁ from the lower part of ㅂ, which he believes was itself inspired by the 'Phags-pa letter ꡎ (p) turned around. Ledyard gives evidence that Sejong was inspired by 'Phags-pa for the basic glyph forms, although he changed the shapes of the letters drastically in order to enhance the simplicity and rationality of his script, and the ultimate shape of the letters may indeed have been influenced by that of the speech organs (Ledyard 1997).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "letter"
      },
      "expansion": "ㅁ • (m)",
      "name": "ko-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "미음 (mieum, “mieum”), a jamo (letter) of the alphabet of the Korean writing system, hangeul; the bilabial nasal (/m/)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "미음",
          "미음"
        ],
        [
          "jamo",
          "jamo"
        ],
        [
          "hangeul",
          "hangeul"
        ],
        [
          "bilabial",
          "bilabial"
        ],
        [
          "nasal",
          "nasal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "letter",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "'Phags-pa script",
    "Sejong of Joseon"
  ],
  "word": "ㅁ"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean suffixes",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Korean terms without ko-IPA template"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "—ㅁ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-m",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "—ㅁ • (-m)",
      "name": "ko-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "See the entries at ㅁ (-m), 음 (-eum)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ㅁ",
          "-ㅁ#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "음",
          "-음#Korean"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ㅁ"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.