See らむ on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "ran",
"word": "らん"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The final -mu is cognate with conjectural む (mu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ramu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "らむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "らん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ramu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "らむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "らん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ramu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "らめ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "rame",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "particle"
},
"expansion": "らむ • (ramu)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ら",
"2": "4-m",
"f_adn+": "らん",
"f_adv": "-",
"f_imp": "-",
"f_irr": "-",
"f_ter+": "らん",
"hkc": "1"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "particle",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "rashi",
"word": "らし"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 42 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 40 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 1, poem 4:",
"text": "玉剋春 内乃大野尓 馬数而 朝布麻須等六 其草深野",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 1, poem 40:",
"text": "鳴呼見乃浦尓 船乗為良武 𡢳嬬等之 珠裳乃須十二 四宝三都良武香",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"conjecture about a presently occurring situation that the speaker has no direct knowledge about"
],
"id": "en-らむ-ja-particle-mNlyroeh",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) conjecture about a presently occurring situation that the speaker has no direct knowledge about"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 42 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 40 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"conjecture about the cause or reason of a presently occurring situation that is directly observed by the speaker"
],
"id": "en-らむ-ja-particle-MOREV~Pz",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) conjecture about the cause or reason of a presently occurring situation that is directly observed by the speaker"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 33 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 23 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 22 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 22 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 42 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 40 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hearsay based on things heard or read"
],
"id": "en-らむ-ja-particle-Cfp7--xj",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) hearsay based on things heard or read"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"word": "らむ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese particles",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "ran",
"word": "らん"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The final -mu is cognate with conjectural む (mu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ramu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "らむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "らん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ramu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "らむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "らん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ramu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "らめ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "rame",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "particle"
},
"expansion": "らむ • (ramu)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ら",
"2": "4-m",
"f_adn+": "らん",
"f_adv": "-",
"f_imp": "-",
"f_irr": "-",
"f_ter+": "らん",
"hkc": "1"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "particle",
"related": [
{
"roman": "rashi",
"word": "らし"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Old Japanese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Old Japanese quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 1, poem 4:",
"text": "玉剋春 内乃大野尓 馬数而 朝布麻須等六 其草深野",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 1, poem 40:",
"text": "鳴呼見乃浦尓 船乗為良武 𡢳嬬等之 珠裳乃須十二 四宝三都良武香",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"conjecture about a presently occurring situation that the speaker has no direct knowledge about"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) conjecture about a presently occurring situation that the speaker has no direct knowledge about"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"conjecture about the cause or reason of a presently occurring situation that is directly observed by the speaker"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) conjecture about the cause or reason of a presently occurring situation that is directly observed by the speaker"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"hearsay based on things heard or read"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) hearsay based on things heard or read"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"word": "らむ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for らむ meaning in All languages combined (3.2kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"らむ"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "particle",
"title": "らむ",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.