"おっかない" meaning in All languages combined

See おっかない on Wiktionary

Adjective [Japanese]

IPA: [o̞k̚ka̠na̠i]
Etymology: Uncertain. Perhaps from archaic おおけなし (ookenashi, “impudent, undisciplined”). Alternately, perhaps from おっかながる (okkanagaru, “to be afraid, be nervous”). The Linguistic Atlas of Japan suggested that the word was once common in the Tōhoku and Kantō regions, but it became increasingly colloquial or intimate during the early modern period (c. 17th to 19th century). Etymology templates: {{unc|ja}} Uncertain, {{m|ja|おおけなし||impudent, undisciplined|tr=ookenashi}} おおけなし (ookenashi, “impudent, undisciplined”), {{ja-r|おっかながる||to be afraid, be nervous}} おっかながる (okkanagaru, “to be afraid, be nervous”) Head templates: {{ja-adj|infl=i}} おっかない • (okkanai) -i (adverbial おっかなく (okkanaku)) Inflection templates: {{ja-adj-infl|adverbial=く|attributive=い|conditional=ければ|conjunctive=くて|continuative=く|degree=さ|formal=い です|formal_negative=く ない です|formal_negative_past=く なかった です|formal_past=かった です|hypothetical=けれ|imperative=かれ|imperfective=かろ|informal_negative=く ない|informal_negative_past=く なかった|informal_past=かった|kana=|lemma=おっかな|provisional=かったら|terminal=い|volitional=かろう}} Forms: okkanai [romanization], おっかなく [adverbial], no-table-tags [table-tags], おっかなかろ [imperfective, stem], okkanakaro [imperfective, stem], おっかなく [continuative, stem], okkanaku [continuative, stem], おっかない [stem, terminative], okkanai [stem, terminative], おっかない [attributive, stem], okkanai [attributive, stem], おっかなけれ [hypothetical, stem], okkanakere [hypothetical, stem], おっかなかれ [imperative, stem], okkanakare [imperative, stem], おっかなくない [informal, negative], okkanaku nai [informal, negative], おっかなかった [informal, past], okkanakatta [informal, past], おっかなくなかった [informal, negative, past], okkanaku nakatta [informal, negative, past], おっかないです [formal], okkanai desu [formal], おっかなくないです [formal, negative], okkanaku nai desu [formal, negative], おっかなかったです [formal, past], okkanakatta desu [formal, past], おっかなくなかったです [formal, negative, past], okkanaku nakatta desu [formal, negative, past], おっかなくて [conjunctive], okkanakute [conjunctive], おっかなければ [conditional], okkanakereba [conditional], おっかなかったら [conditional, past], okkanakattara [conditional, past], おっかなかろう [volitional], okkanakarō [volitional], おっかなく [adverbial], okkanaku [adverbial], おっかなさ [noun-from-adj], okkanasa [noun-from-adj]
  1. (colloquial, dated, formerly in Tōhoku, Kantō) frightening; scary Wikipedia link: Daijisen, Shogakukan, Tōkyō, ja:大辞泉, ja:松村明 Tags: colloquial, dated Synonyms: こわい, 恐ろしい
    Sense id: en-おっかない-ja-adj-j85KwbYq Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Kantō Japanese, Tōhoku Japanese

Download JSON data for おっかない meaning in All languages combined (6.5kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "おおけなし",
        "3": "",
        "4": "impudent, undisciplined",
        "tr": "ookenashi"
      },
      "expansion": "おおけなし (ookenashi, “impudent, undisciplined”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "おっかながる",
        "2": "",
        "3": "to be afraid, be nervous"
      },
      "expansion": "おっかながる (okkanagaru, “to be afraid, be nervous”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from archaic おおけなし (ookenashi, “impudent, undisciplined”). Alternately, perhaps from おっかながる (okkanagaru, “to be afraid, be nervous”). The Linguistic Atlas of Japan suggested that the word was once common in the Tōhoku and Kantō regions, but it became increasingly colloquial or intimate during the early modern period (c. 17th to 19th century).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "okkanai",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなく",
      "roman": "okkanaku",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-i",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakaro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanaku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakare",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanaku nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanaku nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanaku nai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanaku nakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakute",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakereba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakarō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanaku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanasa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "infl": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "おっかない • (okkanai) -i (adverbial おっかなく (okkanaku))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": "く",
        "attributive": "い",
        "conditional": "ければ",
        "conjunctive": "くて",
        "continuative": "く",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": "い です",
        "formal_negative": "く ない です",
        "formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
        "formal_past": "かった です",
        "hypothetical": "けれ",
        "imperative": "かれ",
        "imperfective": "かろ",
        "informal_negative": "く ない",
        "informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
        "informal_past": "かった",
        "kana": "",
        "lemma": "おっかな",
        "provisional": "かったら",
        "terminal": "い",
        "volitional": "かろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kantō Japanese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tōhoku Japanese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "frightening; scary"
      ],
      "id": "en-おっかない-ja-adj-j85KwbYq",
      "links": [
        [
          "frightening",
          "frightening"
        ],
        [
          "scary",
          "scary"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, dated, formerly in Tōhoku, Kantō) frightening; scary"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "こわい"
        },
        {
          "word": "恐ろしい"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "dated"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Daijisen",
        "Shogakukan",
        "Tōkyō",
        "ja:大辞泉",
        "ja:松村明"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "おっかない"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[o̞k̚ka̠na̠i]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "おっかない"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "おおけなし",
        "3": "",
        "4": "impudent, undisciplined",
        "tr": "ookenashi"
      },
      "expansion": "おおけなし (ookenashi, “impudent, undisciplined”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "おっかながる",
        "2": "",
        "3": "to be afraid, be nervous"
      },
      "expansion": "おっかながる (okkanagaru, “to be afraid, be nervous”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from archaic おおけなし (ookenashi, “impudent, undisciplined”). Alternately, perhaps from おっかながる (okkanagaru, “to be afraid, be nervous”). The Linguistic Atlas of Japan suggested that the word was once common in the Tōhoku and Kantō regions, but it became increasingly colloquial or intimate during the early modern period (c. 17th to 19th century).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "okkanai",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなく",
      "roman": "okkanaku",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-i",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakaro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanaku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakare",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanaku nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanaku nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanaku nai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanaku nakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakute",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakereba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanakarō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanaku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おっかなさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "okkanasa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "infl": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "おっかない • (okkanai) -i (adverbial おっかなく (okkanaku))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": "く",
        "attributive": "い",
        "conditional": "ければ",
        "conjunctive": "くて",
        "continuative": "く",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": "い です",
        "formal_negative": "く ない です",
        "formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
        "formal_past": "かった です",
        "hypothetical": "けれ",
        "imperative": "かれ",
        "imperfective": "かろ",
        "informal_negative": "く ない",
        "informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
        "informal_past": "かった",
        "kana": "",
        "lemma": "おっかな",
        "provisional": "かったら",
        "terminal": "い",
        "volitional": "かろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese adjectives",
        "Japanese colloquialisms",
        "Japanese dated terms",
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese hiragana",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with manual fragments",
        "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with unknown etymologies",
        "Japanese い-i adjectives",
        "Kantō Japanese",
        "Tōhoku Japanese"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "frightening; scary"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "frightening",
          "frightening"
        ],
        [
          "scary",
          "scary"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, dated, formerly in Tōhoku, Kantō) frightening; scary"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "こわい"
        },
        {
          "word": "恐ろしい"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "dated"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Daijisen",
        "Shogakukan",
        "Tōkyō",
        "ja:大辞泉",
        "ja:松村明"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "おっかない"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[o̞k̚ka̠na̠i]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "おっかない"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.