See ने on Wiktionary
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "bgc", "3": "नै" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Haryanvi नै (nai)", "name": "bor+" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "inc-wes" }, "expansion": "Western Indo-Aryan", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "inc-apa", "3": "कण्णही" }, "expansion": "Apabhramsa कण्णही (kaṇṇahī)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "sa", "3": "कर्णे" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit कर्णे (karṇe)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "locative" }, "expansion": "locative", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "ablative" }, "expansion": "ablative", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "dative" }, "expansion": "dative", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "agentive" }, "expansion": "agentive", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "gu", "2": "ને" }, "expansion": "Gujarati ને (ne)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "mwr", "2": "नै" }, "expansion": "Marwari नै (nai)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "pa", "2": "ਨੂੰ" }, "expansion": "Punjabi ਨੂੰ (nū̃)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "mr", "2": "ने" }, "expansion": "Marathi ने (ne)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "कने<t:near, chez><pos:locative particle>" }, "expansion": "Doublet of कने (kane, “near, chez”, locative particle)", "name": "doublet" }, { "args": { "1": "obselete" }, "expansion": "obselete", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "gu", "2": "શું" }, "expansion": "Gujarati શું (śũ)", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "कैसा" }, "expansion": "Hindi कैसा (kaisā)", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "कक्ष", "3": "", "4": "armpit" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit कक्ष (kakṣa, “armpit”)", "name": "noncog" }, { "args": { "1": "sa-ved", "2": "अपिकर्णम्" }, "expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit अपिकर्णम् (apikarṇam)", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "sa", "3": "-एन", "pos": "instrumental case marker" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit -एन (-ena, instrumental case marker)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "ने" }, "expansion": "Hindi ने (ne)", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Prakrit", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Haryanvi नै (nai) (or a Rajasthani language), from older Western Indo-Aryan नै (nai), कनै (kanai), कन्हइ (kanhai), कन्हि (kanhi), all ultimately from Apabhramsa कण्णही (kaṇṇahī), from Sanskrit कर्णे (karṇe), locative singular of कर्ण (karṇa, “ear”). The sense as a locative shifted to ablative-dative, and then to agentive. Cognate with Gujarati ને (ne), Marwari नै (nai) / कनै (kanai), Punjabi ਨੂੰ (nū̃), and Marathi ने (ne). Doublet of कने (kane, “near, chez”, locative particle), now obselete.\nFurther etymology\nThe dropping of the initial ka- syllable in नै (nai) < कनै (kanai) has been argued to be part of a general process by which initial syllables with k- could be deleted in Western Indo-Aryan. Compare Old Rajasthani सिउ (siu) < किसिउ (kisiu, “what?”) and Gujarati શું (śũ) with Hindi कैसा (kaisā). The particle in Old Rajasthani, which had primarily ablative/dative meaning, is attested with agentive usage. Such range in function between agentive/ergative and dative of ne/nai is the case for Gujarati, Haryanvi, and Rajasthani, but not in Hindi.\nThis etymology is widely accepted as it is phonologically sound and accounts for the late occurrence of ने (ne) in Hindi (and its lack in Old Hindi). For the pattern of postpositions being derived from the locative forms of terms for body parts, compare को (ko, dative postp.) < Sanskrit कक्ष (kakṣa, “armpit”). Compare Vedic Sanskrit अपिकर्णम् (apikarṇam) / अपिकर्णे (apikarṇe, “behind the ear > back > from behind”).\nUnlikely to be from Sanskrit -एन (-ena, instrumental case marker). This case suffix serves the same function as Hindi ने (ne) when used with past participles in Sanskrit. However the splitting of a case marker into a postposition does not occur elsewhere in Indo-Aryan and it is phonologically implausible since Prakrit has -𑀏𑀁 (-eṃ).", "forms": [ { "form": "ne", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "نے", "tags": [ "Urdu" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "ur": "نے" }, "expansion": "ने • (ne) (Urdu spelling نے)", "name": "hi-post" } ], "lang": "Hindi", "lang_code": "hi", "pos": "postp", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Hindi postpositions", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages linking to anchors not found in Appendix:Glossary", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "roman": "āpne", "word": "आपने" }, { "roman": "inhõne", "word": "इन्होंने" }, { "roman": "isne", "word": "इसने" }, { "roman": "unhõne", "word": "उन्होंने" }, { "roman": "usne", "word": "उसने" }, { "roman": "kisne", "word": "किसने" }, { "roman": "jisne", "word": "जिसने" }, { "roman": "tumne", "word": "तुमने" }, { "roman": "tūne", "word": "तूने" }, { "roman": "ma͠ine", "word": "मैंने" }, { "roman": "hamne", "word": "हमने" } ], "examples": [ { "english": "The boy bought a book.", "roman": "laṛke ne kitāb xarīdī.", "text": "लड़के ने किताब ख़रीदी।", "type": "example" }, { "english": "The boys bought books.", "roman": "laṛkõ ne kitābẽ xarīdī̃.", "text": "लड़कों ने किताबें ख़रीदीं।", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "marker of the ergative case with perfective-aspect transitive verbs" ], "id": "en-ने-hi-postp-C7-kv6~y", "links": [ [ "ergative case", "ergative case#English" ], [ "perfective", "perfective#English" ], [ "transitive", "transitive#English" ] ], "wikipedia": [ "Eastern Hindi" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/neː/", "tags": [ "Delhi" ] } ], "word": "ने" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "new", "2": "sit-pro", "3": "*kV-ni-s" }, "expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kV-ni-s", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "dz,bo", "2": "གཉིས" }, "expansion": "Dzongkha and Tibetan གཉིས (gnyis)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "my", "2": "နှစ်" }, "expansion": "Burmese နှစ် (hnac)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "二", "tr": "-" }, "expansion": "Chinese 二", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kV-ni-s. Cognate with Dzongkha and Tibetan གཉིས (gnyis) (Dzongkha /njiː˥/, Lhasa /n̠ʲiː˥˥/, Burmese နှစ် (hnac) (/n̥ɪʔ/) and Chinese 二 (Northern Min /ni⁵⁵/).", "forms": [ { "form": "ne", "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "new", "2": "numeral", "cat2": "cardinal numbers" }, "expansion": "ने • (ne)", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Newar", "lang_code": "new", "pos": "num", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Newar cardinal numbers", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Newar entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "43 54 1 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "41 57 1 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "two" ], "id": "en-ने-new-num-P8TM~nRY", "links": [ [ "two", "two" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[ne]" } ], "word": "ने" } { "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pi", "2": "adjective form", "sccat": "1", "tr": "-" }, "expansion": "ने", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Pali", "lang_code": "pi", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "na, “that”", "word": "ne" }, { "extra": "na, “that”", "word": "which is accusative plural masculine of न" } ], "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Devanagari script", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "51 49", "kind": "other", "name": "Pali adjective forms in Devanagari script", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "54 46", "kind": "other", "name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "Devanagari script form of ne, which is accusative plural masculine of न (na, “that”)" ], "id": "en-ने-pi-adj-iqng4k6Y", "links": [ [ "ne", "ne#Pali" ], [ "न", "न#Pali" ], [ "na", "na#Pali" ] ], "tags": [ "Devanagari", "alt-of" ] } ], "word": "ने" } { "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pi", "2": "pronoun form", "tr": "-" }, "expansion": "ने", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Pali", "lang_code": "pi", "pos": "pron", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "na, “him, it, that”", "word": "ne" }, { "extra": "na, “him, it, that”", "word": "which is accusative plural of न" } ], "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Devanagari script", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "51 49", "kind": "other", "name": "Pali adjective forms in Devanagari script", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "54 46", "kind": "other", "name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "Devanagari script form of ne, which is accusative plural of न (na, “him, it, that”)" ], "id": "en-ने-pi-pron--Ln78ZOY", "links": [ [ "ne", "ne#Pali" ], [ "न", "न#Pali" ], [ "na", "na#Pali" ] ], "tags": [ "Devanagari", "alt-of" ] } ], "word": "ने" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "derived": [ { "roman": "āpne", "word": "आपने" }, { "roman": "inhõne", "word": "इन्होंने" }, { "roman": "isne", "word": "इसने" }, { "roman": "unhõne", "word": "उन्होंने" }, { "roman": "usne", "word": "उसने" }, { "roman": "kisne", "word": "किसने" }, { "roman": "jisne", "word": "जिसने" }, { "roman": "tumne", "word": "तुमने" }, { "roman": "tūne", "word": "तूने" }, { "roman": "ma͠ine", "word": "मैंने" }, { "roman": "hamne", "word": "हमने" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "bgc", "3": "नै" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Haryanvi नै (nai)", "name": "bor+" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "inc-wes" }, "expansion": "Western Indo-Aryan", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "inc-apa", "3": "कण्णही" }, "expansion": "Apabhramsa कण्णही (kaṇṇahī)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "sa", "3": "कर्णे" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit कर्णे (karṇe)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "locative" }, "expansion": "locative", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "ablative" }, "expansion": "ablative", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "dative" }, "expansion": "dative", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "agentive" }, "expansion": "agentive", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "gu", "2": "ને" }, "expansion": "Gujarati ને (ne)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "mwr", "2": "नै" }, "expansion": "Marwari नै (nai)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "pa", "2": "ਨੂੰ" }, "expansion": "Punjabi ਨੂੰ (nū̃)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "mr", "2": "ने" }, "expansion": "Marathi ने (ne)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "कने<t:near, chez><pos:locative particle>" }, "expansion": "Doublet of कने (kane, “near, chez”, locative particle)", "name": "doublet" }, { "args": { "1": "obselete" }, "expansion": "obselete", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "gu", "2": "શું" }, "expansion": "Gujarati શું (śũ)", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "कैसा" }, "expansion": "Hindi कैसा (kaisā)", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "कक्ष", "3": "", "4": "armpit" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit कक्ष (kakṣa, “armpit”)", "name": "noncog" }, { "args": { "1": "sa-ved", "2": "अपिकर्णम्" }, "expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit अपिकर्णम् (apikarṇam)", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "sa", "3": "-एन", "pos": "instrumental case marker" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit -एन (-ena, instrumental case marker)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "hi", "2": "ने" }, "expansion": "Hindi ने (ne)", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Prakrit", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Haryanvi नै (nai) (or a Rajasthani language), from older Western Indo-Aryan नै (nai), कनै (kanai), कन्हइ (kanhai), कन्हि (kanhi), all ultimately from Apabhramsa कण्णही (kaṇṇahī), from Sanskrit कर्णे (karṇe), locative singular of कर्ण (karṇa, “ear”). The sense as a locative shifted to ablative-dative, and then to agentive. Cognate with Gujarati ને (ne), Marwari नै (nai) / कनै (kanai), Punjabi ਨੂੰ (nū̃), and Marathi ने (ne). Doublet of कने (kane, “near, chez”, locative particle), now obselete.\nFurther etymology\nThe dropping of the initial ka- syllable in नै (nai) < कनै (kanai) has been argued to be part of a general process by which initial syllables with k- could be deleted in Western Indo-Aryan. Compare Old Rajasthani सिउ (siu) < किसिउ (kisiu, “what?”) and Gujarati શું (śũ) with Hindi कैसा (kaisā). The particle in Old Rajasthani, which had primarily ablative/dative meaning, is attested with agentive usage. Such range in function between agentive/ergative and dative of ne/nai is the case for Gujarati, Haryanvi, and Rajasthani, but not in Hindi.\nThis etymology is widely accepted as it is phonologically sound and accounts for the late occurrence of ने (ne) in Hindi (and its lack in Old Hindi). For the pattern of postpositions being derived from the locative forms of terms for body parts, compare को (ko, dative postp.) < Sanskrit कक्ष (kakṣa, “armpit”). Compare Vedic Sanskrit अपिकर्णम् (apikarṇam) / अपिकर्णे (apikarṇe, “behind the ear > back > from behind”).\nUnlikely to be from Sanskrit -एन (-ena, instrumental case marker). This case suffix serves the same function as Hindi ने (ne) when used with past participles in Sanskrit. However the splitting of a case marker into a postposition does not occur elsewhere in Indo-Aryan and it is phonologically implausible since Prakrit has -𑀏𑀁 (-eṃ).", "forms": [ { "form": "ne", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "نے", "tags": [ "Urdu" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "ur": "نے" }, "expansion": "ने • (ne) (Urdu spelling نے)", "name": "hi-post" } ], "lang": "Hindi", "lang_code": "hi", "pos": "postp", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Hindi doublets", "Hindi entries with incorrect language header", "Hindi lemmas", "Hindi postpositions", "Hindi terms borrowed from Haryanvi", "Hindi terms derived from Apabhramsa", "Hindi terms derived from Haryanvi", "Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit", "Hindi terms derived from Western Indo-Aryan languages", "Hindi terms inherited from Sanskrit", "Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation", "Hindi terms with usage examples", "Pages linking to anchors not found in Appendix:Glossary", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "examples": [ { "english": "The boy bought a book.", "roman": "laṛke ne kitāb xarīdī.", "text": "लड़के ने किताब ख़रीदी।", "type": "example" }, { "english": "The boys bought books.", "roman": "laṛkõ ne kitābẽ xarīdī̃.", "text": "लड़कों ने किताबें ख़रीदीं।", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "marker of the ergative case with perfective-aspect transitive verbs" ], "links": [ [ "ergative case", "ergative case#English" ], [ "perfective", "perfective#English" ], [ "transitive", "transitive#English" ] ], "wikipedia": [ "Eastern Hindi" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/neː/", "tags": [ "Delhi" ] } ], "word": "ने" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "new", "2": "sit-pro", "3": "*kV-ni-s" }, "expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kV-ni-s", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "dz,bo", "2": "གཉིས" }, "expansion": "Dzongkha and Tibetan གཉིས (gnyis)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "my", "2": "နှစ်" }, "expansion": "Burmese နှစ် (hnac)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "zh", "2": "二", "tr": "-" }, "expansion": "Chinese 二", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kV-ni-s. Cognate with Dzongkha and Tibetan གཉིས (gnyis) (Dzongkha /njiː˥/, Lhasa /n̠ʲiː˥˥/, Burmese နှစ် (hnac) (/n̥ɪʔ/) and Chinese 二 (Northern Min /ni⁵⁵/).", "forms": [ { "form": "ne", "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "new", "2": "numeral", "cat2": "cardinal numbers" }, "expansion": "ने • (ne)", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Newar", "lang_code": "new", "pos": "num", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Newar cardinal numbers", "Newar entries with incorrect language header", "Newar lemmas", "Newar numerals", "Newar terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan", "Newar terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan", "Newar terms with IPA pronunciation", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "two" ], "links": [ [ "two", "two" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[ne]" } ], "word": "ने" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "Pali adjective forms", "Pali adjective forms in Devanagari script", "Pali entries with incorrect language header", "Pali non-lemma forms", "Pali pronoun forms" ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pi", "2": "adjective form", "sccat": "1", "tr": "-" }, "expansion": "ने", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Pali", "lang_code": "pi", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "na, “that”", "word": "ne" }, { "extra": "na, “that”", "word": "which is accusative plural masculine of न" } ], "categories": [ "Devanagari script" ], "glosses": [ "Devanagari script form of ne, which is accusative plural masculine of न (na, “that”)" ], "links": [ [ "ne", "ne#Pali" ], [ "न", "न#Pali" ], [ "na", "na#Pali" ] ], "tags": [ "Devanagari", "alt-of" ] } ], "word": "ने" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "Pali adjective forms", "Pali adjective forms in Devanagari script", "Pali entries with incorrect language header", "Pali non-lemma forms", "Pali pronoun forms" ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pi", "2": "pronoun form", "tr": "-" }, "expansion": "ने", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Pali", "lang_code": "pi", "pos": "pron", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "na, “him, it, that”", "word": "ne" }, { "extra": "na, “him, it, that”", "word": "which is accusative plural of न" } ], "categories": [ "Devanagari script" ], "glosses": [ "Devanagari script form of ne, which is accusative plural of न (na, “him, it, that”)" ], "links": [ [ "ne", "ne#Pali" ], [ "न", "न#Pali" ], [ "na", "na#Pali" ] ], "tags": [ "Devanagari", "alt-of" ] } ], "word": "ने" }
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