See چاوش on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "çavuş"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: çavuş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: çavuş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "جَاوِيش",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: جَاوِيش (jāwīš)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "شاويش",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: شاويش",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: جَاوِيش (jāwīš), → Arabic: شاويش"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "չավուշ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: չավուշ (čʻavuš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: չավուշ (čʻavuš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "çaush",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: çaush",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: çaush"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "",
"alt": "čiaúš",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aromanian: čiaúš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aromanian: čiaúš"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "чау́ш",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: чау́ш (čaúš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: чау́ш (čaúš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chiaus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: chiaus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: chiaus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "chaoux",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: chaoux",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: chaoux"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gkm",
"2": "τσαούσης",
"3": "τζαούσιος",
"4": "τζάσις",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Byzantine Greek: τσαούσης (tsaoúsēs), τζαούσιος (tzaoúsios), τζάσις (tzásis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Byzantine Greek: τσαούσης (tsaoúsēs), τζαούσιος (tzaoúsios), τζάσις (tzásis)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "τσαούσης"
},
"expansion": "Greek: τσαούσης (tsaoúsis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: τσαούσης (tsaoúsis)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "Zassi",
"3": "Çassi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Venetian: Zassi, Çassi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Venetian: Zassi, Çassi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ciausius",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: ciausius",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: ciausius"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ча́уш",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Macedonian: ча́уш (čáuš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Macedonian: ча́уш (čáuš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "چاوش / چاووش",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "čâvuš"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: چاوش / چاووش (čâvuš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: چاوش / چاووش (čâvuš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ceauș",
"alt": "ceaúș",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: ceaúș",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: ceaúș"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ча̏ӯш",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ча̏ӯш",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ча̏ӯш"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "čȁūš",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: čȁūš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: čȁūš"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "trk-cmn",
"3": "*čabïš"
},
"expansion": "Common Turkic *čabïš",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰲𐰉𐰾",
"t": "army commander",
"tr": "čabïš"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic 𐰲𐰉𐰾 (čabïš, “army commander”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"t": "the officer in battle who marshals the ranks",
"tr": "čavïš"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid [script needed] (čavïš, “the officer in battle who marshals the ranks”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Common Turkic *čabïš, from earlier *čabïĺ(č). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰲𐰉𐰾 (čabïš, “army commander”), Karakhanid [script needed] (čavïš, “the officer in battle who marshals the ranks”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "çavuş",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "çauş",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f2tr": "",
"ftr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "çavuş, çauş"
},
"expansion": "چاوش • (çavuş, çauş)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "çavuş, çauş"
},
"expansion": "چاوش • (çavuş, çauş)",
"name": "ota-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beadle, apparitor, usher, pursuivant, messenger, herald"
],
"id": "en-چاوش-ota-noun-SacM8Q-S",
"links": [
[
"beadle",
"beadle"
],
[
"apparitor",
"apparitor"
],
[
"usher",
"usher"
],
[
"pursuivant",
"pursuivant"
],
[
"messenger",
"messenger"
],
[
"herald",
"herald"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ota",
"name": "Military ranks",
"orig": "ota:Military ranks",
"parents": [
"Military",
"Positions of authority",
"Titles",
"Society",
"Leaders",
"Occupations",
"People",
"All topics",
"Work",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ota",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "ota:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sergeant"
],
"id": "en-چاوش-ota-noun-V9h1kGOv",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"sergeant",
"sergeant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) sergeant"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "çavuş",
"word": "չավուշ — Armeno-Turkish"
}
],
"word": "چاوش"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ota",
"3": "چاوش",
"notext": "1",
"tr": "çavuş"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish چاوش (çavuş)",
"name": "sl"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Shortened of Persian چاوش خوان (čâvoš-xwân) or چاوشگر (čâvošgar), probably related to Persian verb چاویدن (čâvidan, “to tweet, chirp; to cry aloud”), actually should be pronounced čāveš, but in Iranian Persian suffix -eš after āv pronounced -oš, compare with کاوش (kâvoš), تراوش (tarâvoš). At least the sense “apparitor, beadle” derives from Turkic, specifically from the Ottoman Turkish چاوش (çavuş).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "čâvoš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "čâvoš",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "چاوش • (čâvoš)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "čâvoš"
},
"expansion": "چاوش • (čâvoš)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 17 38 11 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 17 38 10 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 25 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the head of a caravan who loudly sang poems in medieval Persia"
],
"id": "en-چاوش-fa-noun-ltqrvkST",
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) the head of a caravan who loudly sang poems in medieval Persia"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 25 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beadle, apparitor, usher, pursuivant, messenger, herald"
],
"id": "en-چاوش-fa-noun-SacM8Q-S",
"links": [
[
"beadle",
"beadle"
],
[
"apparitor",
"apparitor"
],
[
"usher",
"usher"
],
[
"pursuivant",
"pursuivant"
],
[
"messenger",
"messenger"
],
[
"herald",
"herald"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) beadle, apparitor, usher, pursuivant, messenger, herald"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 25 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singing"
],
"id": "en-چاوش-fa-noun-0BErAxn2",
"links": [
[
"singing",
"singing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, Khorasan) singing"
],
"tags": [
"Khorasan",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "čâvoš",
"word": "چاووش"
}
],
"word": "چاوش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Ottoman Turkish lemmas",
"Ottoman Turkish nouns",
"Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Common Turkic",
"Ottoman Turkish terms inherited from Common Turkic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Karakhanid terms",
"ota:Occupations"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "çavuş"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: çavuş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: çavuş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "جَاوِيش",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: جَاوِيش (jāwīš)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "شاويش",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: شاويش",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: جَاوِيش (jāwīš), → Arabic: شاويش"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "չավուշ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: չավուշ (čʻavuš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: չավուշ (čʻavuš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "çaush",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: çaush",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: çaush"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "",
"alt": "čiaúš",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aromanian: čiaúš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aromanian: čiaúš"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "чау́ш",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: чау́ш (čaúš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: чау́ш (čaúš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chiaus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: chiaus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: chiaus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "chaoux",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: chaoux",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: chaoux"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gkm",
"2": "τσαούσης",
"3": "τζαούσιος",
"4": "τζάσις",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Byzantine Greek: τσαούσης (tsaoúsēs), τζαούσιος (tzaoúsios), τζάσις (tzásis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Byzantine Greek: τσαούσης (tsaoúsēs), τζαούσιος (tzaoúsios), τζάσις (tzásis)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "τσαούσης"
},
"expansion": "Greek: τσαούσης (tsaoúsis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: τσαούσης (tsaoúsis)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "Zassi",
"3": "Çassi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Venetian: Zassi, Çassi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Venetian: Zassi, Çassi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ciausius",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: ciausius",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: ciausius"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ча́уш",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Macedonian: ча́уш (čáuš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Macedonian: ча́уш (čáuš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "چاوش / چاووش",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "čâvuš"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: چاوش / چاووش (čâvuš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: چاوش / چاووش (čâvuš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ceauș",
"alt": "ceaúș",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: ceaúș",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: ceaúș"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ча̏ӯш",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ча̏ӯш",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ча̏ӯш"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "čȁūš",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: čȁūš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: čȁūš"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "trk-cmn",
"3": "*čabïš"
},
"expansion": "Common Turkic *čabïš",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰲𐰉𐰾",
"t": "army commander",
"tr": "čabïš"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic 𐰲𐰉𐰾 (čabïš, “army commander”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"t": "the officer in battle who marshals the ranks",
"tr": "čavïš"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid [script needed] (čavïš, “the officer in battle who marshals the ranks”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Common Turkic *čabïš, from earlier *čabïĺ(č). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰲𐰉𐰾 (čabïš, “army commander”), Karakhanid [script needed] (čavïš, “the officer in battle who marshals the ranks”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "çavuş",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "çauş",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f2tr": "",
"ftr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "çavuş, çauş"
},
"expansion": "چاوش • (çavuş, çauş)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "çavuş, çauş"
},
"expansion": "چاوش • (çavuş, çauş)",
"name": "ota-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"beadle, apparitor, usher, pursuivant, messenger, herald"
],
"links": [
[
"beadle",
"beadle"
],
[
"apparitor",
"apparitor"
],
[
"usher",
"usher"
],
[
"pursuivant",
"pursuivant"
],
[
"messenger",
"messenger"
],
[
"herald",
"herald"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ota:Military ranks"
],
"glosses": [
"sergeant"
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"sergeant",
"sergeant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) sergeant"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "çavuş",
"word": "չավուշ — Armeno-Turkish"
}
],
"word": "چاوش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian semantic loans from Ottoman Turkish",
"Persian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ota",
"3": "چاوش",
"notext": "1",
"tr": "çavuş"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish چاوش (çavuş)",
"name": "sl"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Shortened of Persian چاوش خوان (čâvoš-xwân) or چاوشگر (čâvošgar), probably related to Persian verb چاویدن (čâvidan, “to tweet, chirp; to cry aloud”), actually should be pronounced čāveš, but in Iranian Persian suffix -eš after āv pronounced -oš, compare with کاوش (kâvoš), تراوش (tarâvoš). At least the sense “apparitor, beadle” derives from Turkic, specifically from the Ottoman Turkish چاوش (çavuş).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "čâvoš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "čâvoš",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "چاوش • (čâvoš)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "čâvoš"
},
"expansion": "چاوش • (čâvoš)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"the head of a caravan who loudly sang poems in medieval Persia"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) the head of a caravan who loudly sang poems in medieval Persia"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"beadle, apparitor, usher, pursuivant, messenger, herald"
],
"links": [
[
"beadle",
"beadle"
],
[
"apparitor",
"apparitor"
],
[
"usher",
"usher"
],
[
"pursuivant",
"pursuivant"
],
[
"messenger",
"messenger"
],
[
"herald",
"herald"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) beadle, apparitor, usher, pursuivant, messenger, herald"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"singing"
],
"links": [
[
"singing",
"singing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, Khorasan) singing"
],
"tags": [
"Khorasan",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "čâvoš",
"word": "چاووش"
}
],
"word": "چاوش"
}
Download raw JSONL data for چاوش meaning in All languages combined (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.