"نامه" meaning in All languages combined

See نامه on Wiktionary

Noun [Persian]

IPA: [nɑː.ˈma] [Classical-Persian], [nɑː.mǽ] [Dari, formal], [nɑː.mǽ] [Dari, formal], [nɑː.mǽ] [Kabuli], [nɔː.mǽ] (note: Hazaragi), [nɒː.mé] [Iran, formal], [nɔ.mǽ] [Tajik, formal] Audio: Fa-نامه.ogg Forms: nāma [romanization], nâme [romanization], نامهها [plural]
Etymology: From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MGLTA) / [Book Pahlavi needed] (nʾmk' /⁠nāmag⁠/, “book, letter, any written text”), equivalent to nām (“name”) (itself from Proto-Iranian *Hnā́ma (“name”)) + -ak (derivative suffix), originally a "name-list" or catalogue of products made for economic or bureaucratic purposes, this being the most common use of writing in early Iranian languages. By surface analysis, نام (nām /nâm, “name”) + ـه (-a /-e), but rarely analyzed or understood as such. Compare Old Armenian նամակ (namak, “letter, writing”), an Iranian borrowing. Etymology templates: {{etymon|fa|inh|pal>nʾmk'>book|id=book}}, {{inh|fa|pal|sc=Phlv|tr=MGLTA}} Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MGLTA), {{der|fa|ira-pro|*Hnā́ma|t=name}} Proto-Iranian *Hnā́ma (“name”), {{fa-xlit|نَام}} nām /nâm, {{fa-xlit|ـَه}} -a /-e, {{surf|fa|نام <t:name>|ـه}} By surface analysis, نام (nām /nâm, “name”) + ـه (-a /-e), {{cog|xcl|նամակ|t=letter, writing}} Old Armenian նամակ (namak, “letter, writing”) Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|plural|نامهها||||||<small>[Term?]</small>||<small>[Term?]</small>|f1tr=|f2tr=|f3tr=|head=|tr=nāma /nâme|tr2=|tr3=}} نامه • (nāma /nâme) (plural نامهها), {{fa-noun|pl=نامهها|tr=nāma /nâme}} نامه • (nāma /nâme) (plural نامهها)
  1. letter (written or printed communication)
    Sense id: en-نامه-fa-noun-lE4ciBSl
  2. (archaic, or in compounds) book; anything written Tags: archaic, in-compounds Synonyms: کتاب
    Sense id: en-نامه-fa-noun-Hs8AcBGZ Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Persian entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs, Persian entries with incorrect language header, Persian terms suffixed with ـه Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 43 57 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 20 80 Disambiguation of Persian entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs: 17 83 Disambiguation of Persian entries with incorrect language header: 20 80 Disambiguation of Persian terms suffixed with ـه: 21 79
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: اعتبارنامه (i'tibārnāma / e'tebârnâme) (english: letter of credit), اعتراضنامه (i'tirāz-nāma / e'terâz-nâme) (english: letter of protest), اماننامه (imān-nāma / emân-nâme), تقدیرنامه (taqdīrnāma / taġdirnâme) (english: letter of commendation), رزمنامه (razm-nāma / razm-nâme, Mughal translation of the Mahabharata) (english: book of war) [literally], روزنامه (rōznāma / ruznâme) (english: newspaper), زندگینامه (zindagī-nāma / zendegi-nâme) (english: biography; book of life) [literally], سالنامه (sālnāma / sâlnâme), سفرنامه (safarnāma / safarnâme) (english: travelogue), شاهنامه (šāhnāma / šâhnâme) (english: the Shahnameh; book of kings) [literally], شجرهنامه (šajara-nāma / šajare-nâme) (english: genealogy), طلاقنامه (talāq-nāma / talâġ-nâme) (english: decree of divorce), فیلمنامه (fīlmnāma / filmnâme) (english: screenplay), لغتنامه (luġat-nāma / loġat-nâme) (english: dictionary), ماهنامه (māhnāma / mâhnâme), معرفینامه (mu'arrifī-nāma / mo'arrefi-nâme) (english: letter of recommendation), نامهبر (nāma-bar / nâme-bar) (english: letter carrier), نامهرسان (nāma-rasān / nâme-rasân) (english: letter carrier), نامهنویس (nāma-nawīs / nâme-navis), هبهنامه (hiba-nāma / hebe-nâme) (english: deed of gift), هفتهنامه (hafta-nāma / hafte-nâme), وصیتنامه (wasiyyat-nāma / vasiyat-nâme) (english: will), وکالتنامه (wikālatnāma / vekâlatnâme) (english: power of attorney; proxy), پایاننامه (pāyān-nāma / pâyân-nâme), گاهنامه (gāhnāma / gâhnâme), گواهینامه (gawāhī-nāma / gavâhi-nâme) (english: credential), گیرندهنامه (gayranda-nāma / geyrande-nâme) (english: addressee)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "letter of credit",
      "roman": "i'tibārnāma / e'tebârnâme",
      "word": "اعتبارنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "letter of protest",
      "roman": "i'tirāz-nāma / e'terâz-nâme",
      "word": "اعتراضنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "imān-nāma / emân-nâme",
      "word": "اماننامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "letter of commendation",
      "roman": "taqdīrnāma / taġdirnâme",
      "word": "تقدیرنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "book of war",
      "roman": "razm-nāma / razm-nâme, Mughal translation of the Mahabharata",
      "tags": [
        "literally"
      ],
      "word": "رزمنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "newspaper",
      "roman": "rōznāma / ruznâme",
      "word": "روزنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "biography; book of life",
      "roman": "zindagī-nāma / zendegi-nâme",
      "tags": [
        "literally"
      ],
      "word": "زندگینامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sālnāma / sâlnâme",
      "word": "سالنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "travelogue",
      "roman": "safarnāma / safarnâme",
      "word": "سفرنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "the Shahnameh; book of kings",
      "roman": "šāhnāma / šâhnâme",
      "tags": [
        "literally"
      ],
      "word": "شاهنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "genealogy",
      "roman": "šajara-nāma / šajare-nâme",
      "word": "شجرهنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "decree of divorce",
      "roman": "talāq-nāma / talâġ-nâme",
      "word": "طلاقنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "screenplay",
      "roman": "fīlmnāma / filmnâme",
      "word": "فیلمنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "dictionary",
      "roman": "luġat-nāma / loġat-nâme",
      "word": "لغتنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "māhnāma / mâhnâme",
      "word": "ماهنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "letter of recommendation",
      "roman": "mu'arrifī-nāma / mo'arrefi-nâme",
      "word": "معرفینامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "letter carrier",
      "roman": "nāma-bar / nâme-bar",
      "word": "نامهبر"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "letter carrier",
      "roman": "nāma-rasān / nâme-rasân",
      "word": "نامهرسان"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "nāma-nawīs / nâme-navis",
      "word": "نامهنویس"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "deed of gift",
      "roman": "hiba-nāma / hebe-nâme",
      "word": "هبهنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "hafta-nāma / hafte-nâme",
      "word": "هفتهنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "will",
      "roman": "wasiyyat-nāma / vasiyat-nâme",
      "word": "وصیتنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "power of attorney; proxy",
      "roman": "wikālatnāma / vekâlatnâme",
      "word": "وکالتنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pāyān-nāma / pâyân-nâme",
      "word": "پایاننامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "gāhnāma / gâhnâme",
      "word": "گاهنامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "credential",
      "roman": "gawāhī-nāma / gavâhi-nâme",
      "word": "گواهینامه"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "addressee",
      "roman": "gayranda-nāma / geyrande-nâme",
      "word": "گیرندهنامه"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "namə",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: namə",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Azerbaijani: namə / نامه"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bn",
            "2": "-নামা",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bengali: -নামা (-nama)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bengali: -নামা (-nama)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gu",
            "2": "નામું",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Gujarati: નામું (nāmũ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Gujarati: નામું (nāmũ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-hnd",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindustani:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "नामा"
          },
          "expansion": "Hindi: नामा (nāmā)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hindi: नामा (nāmā)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "نامہ",
            "tr": "nāma"
          },
          "expansion": "Urdu: نامہ (nāma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urdu: نامہ (nāma)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ku",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kurdish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kurdish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ckb",
            "2": "نامە"
          },
          "expansion": "Central Kurdish: نامە (name)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Kurdish: نامە (name)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kmr",
            "2": "name"
          },
          "expansion": "Northern Kurdish: name",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northern Kurdish: name"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "نامه",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "nâme"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: نامه (nâme)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: نامه (nâme)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "name"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: name",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: name"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "crh",
            "2": "name",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Crimean Tatar: name",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Crimean Tatar: name"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Punjabi:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Punjabi:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "ਨਾਮਾ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਨਾਮਾ (nāmā)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gurmukhi script: ਨਾਮਾ (nāmā)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "نامہ",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "nāma"
          },
          "expansion": "Shahmukhi script: نامہ (nāma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shahmukhi script: نامہ (nāma)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uz",
            "2": "noma",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Uzbek: noma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Uzbek: noma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "pal>nʾmk'>book",
        "id": "book"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "sc": "Phlv",
        "tr": "MGLTA"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MGLTA)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*Hnā́ma",
        "t": "name"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *Hnā́ma (“name”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "نَام"
      },
      "expansion": "nām /nâm",
      "name": "fa-xlit"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ـَه"
      },
      "expansion": "-a /-e",
      "name": "fa-xlit"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "نام\n<t:name>",
        "3": "ـه"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, نام (nām /nâm, “name”) + ـه (-a /-e)",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "նամակ",
        "t": "letter, writing"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian նամակ (namak, “letter, writing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MGLTA) / [Book Pahlavi needed] (nʾmk' /⁠nāmag⁠/, “book, letter, any written text”), equivalent to nām (“name”) (itself from Proto-Iranian *Hnā́ma (“name”)) + -ak (derivative suffix), originally a \"name-list\" or catalogue of products made for economic or bureaucratic purposes, this being the most common use of writing in early Iranian languages. By surface analysis, نام (nām /nâm, “name”) + ـه (-a /-e), but rarely analyzed or understood as such. Compare Old Armenian նամակ (namak, “letter, writing”), an Iranian borrowing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nāma",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nâme",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "نامهها",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "10": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
        "11": "",
        "12": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "نامهها",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "nāma /nâme",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "نامه • (nāma /nâme) (plural نامهها)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "نامهها",
        "tr": "nāma /nâme"
      },
      "expansion": "نامه • (nāma /nâme) (plural نامهها)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "letter (written or printed communication)"
      ],
      "id": "en-نامه-fa-noun-lE4ciBSl",
      "links": [
        [
          "letter",
          "letter"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 79",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian terms suffixed with ـه",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              27,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I sought again from hidden books\nWhich were scattered all around the world;\nFrom the words which are Persian and Arabic\nIn the works of Bukhārī and Ṭabarī.",
          "ref": "1197, Niẓāmī Ganjavī, هفت پیکر [Haft Paykar]:",
          "roman": "bāz justam zi nāma-hā-yi nahān\nki parākanda būd gird-i jahān\nz-ān suxan-hā ki tāzī-st u darī\ndar sawād-i buxārī u tabarī",
          "text": "باز جستم ز نامههای نهان\nکه پراکنده بود گرد جهان\nزان سخنها که تازیست و دری\nدر سواد بخاری و طبری",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "book; anything written"
      ],
      "id": "en-نامه-fa-noun-Hs8AcBGZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "book",
          "book"
        ],
        [
          "written",
          "written"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, or in compounds) book; anything written"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "کتاب"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "in-compounds"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[nɑː.ˈma]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[nɑː.mǽ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[nɑː.mǽ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[nɑː.mǽ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[nɔː.mǽ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[nɒː.mé]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[nɔ.mǽ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fa-نامه.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/Fa-%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87.ogg/Fa-%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Fa-%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Shahnameh"
  ],
  "word": "نامه"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Persian entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian nouns",
    "Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms suffixed with ـه",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "letter of credit",
      "roman": "i'tibārnāma / e'tebârnâme",
      "word": "اعتبارنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "letter of protest",
      "roman": "i'tirāz-nāma / e'terâz-nâme",
      "word": "اعتراضنامه"
    },
    {
      "roman": "imān-nāma / emân-nâme",
      "word": "اماننامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "letter of commendation",
      "roman": "taqdīrnāma / taġdirnâme",
      "word": "تقدیرنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "book of war",
      "roman": "razm-nāma / razm-nâme, Mughal translation of the Mahabharata",
      "tags": [
        "literally"
      ],
      "word": "رزمنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "newspaper",
      "roman": "rōznāma / ruznâme",
      "word": "روزنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "biography; book of life",
      "roman": "zindagī-nāma / zendegi-nâme",
      "tags": [
        "literally"
      ],
      "word": "زندگینامه"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sālnāma / sâlnâme",
      "word": "سالنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "travelogue",
      "roman": "safarnāma / safarnâme",
      "word": "سفرنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "the Shahnameh; book of kings",
      "roman": "šāhnāma / šâhnâme",
      "tags": [
        "literally"
      ],
      "word": "شاهنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "genealogy",
      "roman": "šajara-nāma / šajare-nâme",
      "word": "شجرهنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "decree of divorce",
      "roman": "talāq-nāma / talâġ-nâme",
      "word": "طلاقنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "screenplay",
      "roman": "fīlmnāma / filmnâme",
      "word": "فیلمنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "dictionary",
      "roman": "luġat-nāma / loġat-nâme",
      "word": "لغتنامه"
    },
    {
      "roman": "māhnāma / mâhnâme",
      "word": "ماهنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "letter of recommendation",
      "roman": "mu'arrifī-nāma / mo'arrefi-nâme",
      "word": "معرفینامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "letter carrier",
      "roman": "nāma-bar / nâme-bar",
      "word": "نامهبر"
    },
    {
      "english": "letter carrier",
      "roman": "nāma-rasān / nâme-rasân",
      "word": "نامهرسان"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nāma-nawīs / nâme-navis",
      "word": "نامهنویس"
    },
    {
      "english": "deed of gift",
      "roman": "hiba-nāma / hebe-nâme",
      "word": "هبهنامه"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hafta-nāma / hafte-nâme",
      "word": "هفتهنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "will",
      "roman": "wasiyyat-nāma / vasiyat-nâme",
      "word": "وصیتنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "power of attorney; proxy",
      "roman": "wikālatnāma / vekâlatnâme",
      "word": "وکالتنامه"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pāyān-nāma / pâyân-nâme",
      "word": "پایاننامه"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gāhnāma / gâhnâme",
      "word": "گاهنامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "credential",
      "roman": "gawāhī-nāma / gavâhi-nâme",
      "word": "گواهینامه"
    },
    {
      "english": "addressee",
      "roman": "gayranda-nāma / geyrande-nâme",
      "word": "گیرندهنامه"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "namə",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: namə",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Azerbaijani: namə / نامه"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bn",
            "2": "-নামা",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bengali: -নামা (-nama)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bengali: -নামা (-nama)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gu",
            "2": "નામું",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Gujarati: નામું (nāmũ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Gujarati: નામું (nāmũ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-hnd",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindustani:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "नामा"
          },
          "expansion": "Hindi: नामा (nāmā)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hindi: नामा (nāmā)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "نامہ",
            "tr": "nāma"
          },
          "expansion": "Urdu: نامہ (nāma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urdu: نامہ (nāma)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ku",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kurdish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kurdish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ckb",
            "2": "نامە"
          },
          "expansion": "Central Kurdish: نامە (name)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Kurdish: نامە (name)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kmr",
            "2": "name"
          },
          "expansion": "Northern Kurdish: name",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northern Kurdish: name"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "نامه",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "nâme"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: نامه (nâme)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: نامه (nâme)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "name"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: name",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: name"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "crh",
            "2": "name",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Crimean Tatar: name",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Crimean Tatar: name"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Punjabi:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Punjabi:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "ਨਾਮਾ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਨਾਮਾ (nāmā)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gurmukhi script: ਨਾਮਾ (nāmā)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "نامہ",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "nāma"
          },
          "expansion": "Shahmukhi script: نامہ (nāma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shahmukhi script: نامہ (nāma)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uz",
            "2": "noma",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Uzbek: noma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Uzbek: noma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "pal>nʾmk'>book",
        "id": "book"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "sc": "Phlv",
        "tr": "MGLTA"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MGLTA)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*Hnā́ma",
        "t": "name"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *Hnā́ma (“name”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "نَام"
      },
      "expansion": "nām /nâm",
      "name": "fa-xlit"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ـَه"
      },
      "expansion": "-a /-e",
      "name": "fa-xlit"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "نام\n<t:name>",
        "3": "ـه"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, نام (nām /nâm, “name”) + ـه (-a /-e)",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "նամակ",
        "t": "letter, writing"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian նամակ (namak, “letter, writing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MGLTA) / [Book Pahlavi needed] (nʾmk' /⁠nāmag⁠/, “book, letter, any written text”), equivalent to nām (“name”) (itself from Proto-Iranian *Hnā́ma (“name”)) + -ak (derivative suffix), originally a \"name-list\" or catalogue of products made for economic or bureaucratic purposes, this being the most common use of writing in early Iranian languages. By surface analysis, نام (nām /nâm, “name”) + ـه (-a /-e), but rarely analyzed or understood as such. Compare Old Armenian նամակ (namak, “letter, writing”), an Iranian borrowing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nāma",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nâme",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "نامهها",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "10": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
        "11": "",
        "12": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "نامهها",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "nāma /nâme",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "نامه • (nāma /nâme) (plural نامهها)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "نامهها",
        "tr": "nāma /nâme"
      },
      "expansion": "نامه • (nāma /nâme) (plural نامهها)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "letter (written or printed communication)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "letter",
          "letter"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian terms with archaic senses",
        "Persian terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              27,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I sought again from hidden books\nWhich were scattered all around the world;\nFrom the words which are Persian and Arabic\nIn the works of Bukhārī and Ṭabarī.",
          "ref": "1197, Niẓāmī Ganjavī, هفت پیکر [Haft Paykar]:",
          "roman": "bāz justam zi nāma-hā-yi nahān\nki parākanda būd gird-i jahān\nz-ān suxan-hā ki tāzī-st u darī\ndar sawād-i buxārī u tabarī",
          "text": "باز جستم ز نامههای نهان\nکه پراکنده بود گرد جهان\nزان سخنها که تازیست و دری\nدر سواد بخاری و طبری",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "book; anything written"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "book",
          "book"
        ],
        [
          "written",
          "written"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, or in compounds) book; anything written"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "کتاب"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "in-compounds"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[nɑː.ˈma]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[nɑː.mǽ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[nɑː.mǽ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[nɑː.mǽ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[nɔː.mǽ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[nɒː.mé]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[nɔ.mǽ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fa-نامه.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/Fa-%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87.ogg/Fa-%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Fa-%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Shahnameh"
  ],
  "word": "نامه"
}

Download raw JSONL data for نامه meaning in All languages combined (9.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.