"خشم" meaning in All languages combined

See خشم on Wiktionary

Noun [Gulf Arabic]

IPA: /ˈχə.ʃɪm/ Forms: خَشِم [canonical], ḵašim [romanization], خْشُوم [plural]
Etymology: Root خ ش م 0 terms From Arabic خَشَم (ḵašam). Cognate with Hijazi Arabic خشم (ḵušum). Etymology templates: {{afb-root|خ ش م}} Root خ ش م 0 terms, {{inh|afb|ar|خَشَم}} Arabic خَشَم (ḵašam), {{cog|acw|خشم|tr=ḵušum}} Hijazi Arabic خشم (ḵušum) Head templates: {{head|afb|noun|plural|خْشُوم|f1tr=ḵšūm|g=m|head=خَشِم|tr=ḵašim}} خَشِم • (ḵašim) m (plural خْشُوم (ḵšūm))
  1. nose

Noun [Hijazi Arabic]

IPA: /xu.ʃum/, [xʊ.ʃʊm] Forms: ḵušum [romanization], خُشْم [construct], أخشام [plural]
Etymology: From Arabic خَشَم (ḵašam). Cognate with Gulf Arabic خشم (ḵašim). Etymology templates: {{inh|acw|ar|خَشَم}} Arabic خَشَم (ḵašam), {{cog|afb|خشم|tr=ḵašim}} Gulf Arabic خشم (ḵašim) Head templates: {{acw-noun|cons=خُشْم|constr=ḵušm|g=m|pl=أخشام|pltr=ʔaḵšām|tr=ḵušum}} خشم • (ḵušum) m (construct state خُشْم (ḵušm), plural أخشام (ʔaḵšām))
  1. nose
    Sense id: en-خشم-acw-noun-134iEj5k Categories (other): Hijazi Arabic entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Persian]

IPA: [xiʃm] [Classical-Persian], [xäʃm] [Dari, formal], [xäʃm] [Dari, formal], [xäʃm] [Kabuli], [xi.ʃim] (note: Hazaragi), [xæʃm] [Iran, formal], [χäʃm] [Tajik, formal] Forms: xašm [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Persian ʾyšm, xyšm (xēšm, “anger”), from Old Persian *aišima (compare Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀 (aēšəma), 𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀 (aēṣ̌ma)), from Proto-Iranian *HayšHmah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HayšHmas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁oysh₂-mo-s, from *h₁eysh₂-. Cognate with Parthian 𐫙𐫢𐫖𐫃 (ʿšmg /⁠išmag⁠/, “wrath, the demon wrath”) and more distantly Latin īra. Akin to Old Armenian հեշմակ-ապաշտ (hešmak-apašt), Old Georgian ჰეშმაკი (hešmaḳi), ეშმაკი (ešmaḳi), Middle Georgian შმაგი (šmagi), Iranian borrowings. Etymology templates: {{inh|fa|pal|ʾyšm, xyšm|t=anger|tr=xēšm}} Middle Persian ʾyšm, xyšm (xēšm, “anger”), {{cog|peo|*aišima}} Old Persian *aišima, {{cog|ae|𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀}} Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀 (aēšəma), {{m|ae|𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀}} 𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀 (aēṣ̌ma), {{inh|fa|ira-pro|*HayšHmah}} Proto-Iranian *HayšHmah, {{inh|fa|iir-pro|*HayšHmas}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *HayšHmas, {{inh|fa|ine-pro||*h₁oysh₂-mo-s}} Proto-Indo-European *h₁oysh₂-mo-s, {{m|ine-pro|*h₁eysh₂-}} *h₁eysh₂-, {{cog|xpr|𐫙𐫢𐫖𐫃|t=wrath, the demon wrath|ts=išmag}} Parthian 𐫙𐫢𐫖𐫃 (ʿšmg /⁠išmag⁠/, “wrath, the demon wrath”), {{cog|la|īra}} Latin īra, {{cog|xcl|հեշմակապաշտ|հեշմակ-ապաշտ}} Old Armenian հեշմակ-ապաշտ (hešmak-apašt), {{cog|oge|ჰეშმაკი}} Old Georgian ჰეშმაკი (hešmaḳi), {{m|oge|ეშმაკი}} ეშმაკი (ešmaḳi), {{cog|ka-mid|შმაგი}} Middle Georgian შმაგი (šmagi) Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|||||||f1tr=|f2tr=|f3tr=|head=|head2=|head3=|tr=xašm|tr2=|tr3=}} خشم • (xašm), {{fa-noun|tr=xašm}} خشم • (xašm)
  1. anger, wrath, rage Categories (topical): Anger Synonyms: عصبانیت, غضب, تندخویی Derived forms: خشمگین (xašmgin) (english: angry)
    Sense id: en-خشم-fa-noun-ULeCKQS2 Categories (other): Persian entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Urdu]

IPA: /xəʃm/ [Standard, Urdu] Forms: xaśm [romanization], ख़श्म [Hindi]
Etymology: From Classical Persian خشم (xašm, “anger, rage”). Etymology templates: {{bor|ur|fa-cls|خشم|t=anger, rage|tr=xašm}} Classical Persian خشم (xašm, “anger, rage”) Head templates: {{ur-noun|g=m|hi=ख़श्म|tr=xaśm}} خشم • (xaśm) m (Hindi spelling ख़श्म)
  1. anger; rage, fury, wrath Categories (topical): Emotions
    Sense id: en-خشم-ur-noun-kaZdrPmy Disambiguation of Emotions: 23 36 41
  2. indignation; ire Categories (topical): Emotions
    Sense id: en-خشم-ur-noun-vk3kZn7f Disambiguation of Emotions: 23 36 41 Categories (other): Urdu entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Urdu entries with incorrect language header: 14 67 19
  3. passion Categories (topical): Emotions
    Sense id: en-خشم-ur-noun-drHuWC29 Disambiguation of Emotions: 23 36 41

Download JSON data for خشم meaning in All languages combined (8.7kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "خ ش م"
      },
      "expansion": "Root\n خ ش م\n 0 terms",
      "name": "afb-root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "afb",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "خَشَم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic خَشَم (ḵašam)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "acw",
        "2": "خشم",
        "tr": "ḵušum"
      },
      "expansion": "Hijazi Arabic خشم (ḵušum)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Root\n خ ش م\n 0 terms\nFrom Arabic خَشَم (ḵašam). Cognate with Hijazi Arabic خشم (ḵušum).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "خَشِم",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ḵašim",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "خْشُوم",
      "roman": "ḵšūm",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "afb",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "خْشُوم",
        "f1tr": "ḵšūm",
        "g": "m",
        "head": "خَشِم",
        "tr": "ḵašim"
      },
      "expansion": "خَشِم • (ḵašim) m (plural خْشُوم (ḵšūm))",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Gulf Arabic",
  "lang_code": "afb",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Gulf Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Gulf Arabic links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Gulf Arabic terms belonging to the root خ ش م",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nose"
      ],
      "id": "en-خشم-afb-noun-134iEj5k",
      "links": [
        [
          "nose",
          "nose"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈχə.ʃɪm/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "خشم"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "acw",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "خَشَم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic خَشَم (ḵašam)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "afb",
        "2": "خشم",
        "tr": "ḵašim"
      },
      "expansion": "Gulf Arabic خشم (ḵašim)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Arabic خَشَم (ḵašam). Cognate with Gulf Arabic خشم (ḵašim).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ḵušum",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "خُشْم",
      "roman": "ḵušm",
      "tags": [
        "construct"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "أخشام",
      "roman": "ʔaḵšām",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "cons": "خُشْم",
        "constr": "ḵušm",
        "g": "m",
        "pl": "أخشام",
        "pltr": "ʔaḵšām",
        "tr": "ḵušum"
      },
      "expansion": "خشم • (ḵušum) m (construct state خُشْم (ḵušm), plural أخشام (ʔaḵšām))",
      "name": "acw-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Hijazi Arabic",
  "lang_code": "acw",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hijazi Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nose"
      ],
      "id": "en-خشم-acw-noun-134iEj5k",
      "links": [
        [
          "nose",
          "nose"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/xu.ʃum/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xʊ.ʃʊm]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "خشم"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "ख़श्म",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindi: ख़श्म (xaśma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindi: ख़श्म (xaśma)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "ʾyšm, xyšm",
        "t": "anger",
        "tr": "xēšm"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian ʾyšm, xyšm (xēšm, “anger”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "peo",
        "2": "*aišima"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Persian *aišima",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀 (aēšəma)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀 (aēṣ̌ma)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*HayšHmah"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *HayšHmah",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*HayšHmas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *HayšHmas",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*h₁oysh₂-mo-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁oysh₂-mo-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₁eysh₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "*h₁eysh₂-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xpr",
        "2": "𐫙𐫢𐫖𐫃",
        "t": "wrath, the demon wrath",
        "ts": "išmag"
      },
      "expansion": "Parthian 𐫙𐫢𐫖𐫃 (ʿšmg /⁠išmag⁠/, “wrath, the demon wrath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "īra"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin īra",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "հեշմակապաշտ",
        "3": "հեշմակ-ապաշտ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian հեշմակ-ապաշտ (hešmak-apašt)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oge",
        "2": "ჰეშმაკი"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Georgian ჰეშმაკი (hešmaḳi)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oge",
        "2": "ეშმაკი"
      },
      "expansion": "ეშმაკი (ešmaḳi)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka-mid",
        "2": "შმაგი"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Georgian შმაგი (šmagi)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian ʾyšm, xyšm (xēšm, “anger”), from Old Persian *aišima (compare Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀 (aēšəma), 𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀 (aēṣ̌ma)), from Proto-Iranian *HayšHmah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HayšHmas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁oysh₂-mo-s, from *h₁eysh₂-.\nCognate with Parthian 𐫙𐫢𐫖𐫃 (ʿšmg /⁠išmag⁠/, “wrath, the demon wrath”) and more distantly Latin īra. Akin to Old Armenian հեշմակ-ապաշտ (hešmak-apašt), Old Georgian ჰეშმაკი (hešmaḳi), ეშმაკი (ešmaḳi), Middle Georgian შმაგი (šmagi), Iranian borrowings.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "xašm",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "xašm",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "خشم • (xašm)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "xašm"
      },
      "expansion": "خشم • (xašm)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Anger",
          "orig": "fa:Anger",
          "parents": [
            "Emotions",
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "angry",
          "roman": "xašmgin",
          "word": "خشمگین"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "anger, wrath, rage"
      ],
      "id": "en-خشم-fa-noun-ULeCKQS2",
      "links": [
        [
          "anger",
          "anger"
        ],
        [
          "wrath",
          "wrath"
        ],
        [
          "rage",
          "rage"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "عصبانیت"
        },
        {
          "word": "غضب"
        },
        {
          "word": "تندخویی"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xiʃm]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xäʃm]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xäʃm]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xäʃm]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xi.ʃim]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xæʃm]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[χäʃm]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "خشم"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ur",
        "2": "fa-cls",
        "3": "خشم",
        "t": "anger, rage",
        "tr": "xašm"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Persian خشم (xašm, “anger, rage”)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Classical Persian خشم (xašm, “anger, rage”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "xaśm",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ख़श्म",
      "tags": [
        "Hindi"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "hi": "ख़श्म",
        "tr": "xaśm"
      },
      "expansion": "خشم • (xaśm) m (Hindi spelling ख़श्म)",
      "name": "ur-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Urdu",
  "lang_code": "ur",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 36 41",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ur",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "ur:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "anger; rage, fury, wrath"
      ],
      "id": "en-خشم-ur-noun-kaZdrPmy",
      "links": [
        [
          "anger",
          "anger"
        ],
        [
          "rage",
          "rage"
        ],
        [
          "fury",
          "fury"
        ],
        [
          "wrath",
          "wrath"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 67 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 36 41",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ur",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "ur:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indignation; ire"
      ],
      "id": "en-خشم-ur-noun-vk3kZn7f",
      "links": [
        [
          "indignation",
          "indignation"
        ],
        [
          "ire",
          "ire"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 36 41",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ur",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "ur:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "passion"
      ],
      "id": "en-خشم-ur-noun-drHuWC29",
      "links": [
        [
          "passion",
          "passion"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/xəʃm/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard",
        "Urdu"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "خشم"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "ur:Emotions"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "خ ش م"
      },
      "expansion": "Root\n خ ش م\n 0 terms",
      "name": "afb-root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "afb",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "خَشَم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic خَشَم (ḵašam)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "acw",
        "2": "خشم",
        "tr": "ḵušum"
      },
      "expansion": "Hijazi Arabic خشم (ḵušum)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Root\n خ ش م\n 0 terms\nFrom Arabic خَشَم (ḵašam). Cognate with Hijazi Arabic خشم (ḵušum).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "خَشِم",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ḵašim",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "خْشُوم",
      "roman": "ḵšūm",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "afb",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "خْشُوم",
        "f1tr": "ḵšūm",
        "g": "m",
        "head": "خَشِم",
        "tr": "ḵašim"
      },
      "expansion": "خَشِم • (ḵašim) m (plural خْشُوم (ḵšūm))",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Gulf Arabic",
  "lang_code": "afb",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Gulf Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Gulf Arabic lemmas",
        "Gulf Arabic links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Gulf Arabic masculine nouns",
        "Gulf Arabic nouns",
        "Gulf Arabic terms belonging to the root خ ش م",
        "Gulf Arabic terms derived from Arabic",
        "Gulf Arabic terms inherited from Arabic",
        "Gulf Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nose"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nose",
          "nose"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈχə.ʃɪm/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "خشم"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "ur:Emotions"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "acw",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "خَشَم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic خَشَم (ḵašam)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "afb",
        "2": "خشم",
        "tr": "ḵašim"
      },
      "expansion": "Gulf Arabic خشم (ḵašim)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Arabic خَشَم (ḵašam). Cognate with Gulf Arabic خشم (ḵašim).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ḵušum",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "خُشْم",
      "roman": "ḵušm",
      "tags": [
        "construct"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "أخشام",
      "roman": "ʔaḵšām",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "cons": "خُشْم",
        "constr": "ḵušm",
        "g": "m",
        "pl": "أخشام",
        "pltr": "ʔaḵšām",
        "tr": "ḵušum"
      },
      "expansion": "خشم • (ḵušum) m (construct state خُشْم (ḵušm), plural أخشام (ʔaḵšām))",
      "name": "acw-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Hijazi Arabic",
  "lang_code": "acw",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Hijazi Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Hijazi Arabic lemmas",
        "Hijazi Arabic masculine nouns",
        "Hijazi Arabic nouns",
        "Hijazi Arabic terms derived from Arabic",
        "Hijazi Arabic terms inherited from Arabic",
        "Hijazi Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nose"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nose",
          "nose"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/xu.ʃum/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xʊ.ʃʊm]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "خشم"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "ur:Emotions"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "angry",
      "roman": "xašmgin",
      "word": "خشمگین"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "ख़श्म",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindi: ख़श्म (xaśma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindi: ख़श्म (xaśma)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "ʾyšm, xyšm",
        "t": "anger",
        "tr": "xēšm"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian ʾyšm, xyšm (xēšm, “anger”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "peo",
        "2": "*aišima"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Persian *aišima",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀 (aēšəma)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀 (aēṣ̌ma)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*HayšHmah"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *HayšHmah",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*HayšHmas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *HayšHmas",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*h₁oysh₂-mo-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁oysh₂-mo-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₁eysh₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "*h₁eysh₂-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xpr",
        "2": "𐫙𐫢𐫖𐫃",
        "t": "wrath, the demon wrath",
        "ts": "išmag"
      },
      "expansion": "Parthian 𐫙𐫢𐫖𐫃 (ʿšmg /⁠išmag⁠/, “wrath, the demon wrath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "īra"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin īra",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "հեշմակապաշտ",
        "3": "հեշմակ-ապաշտ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian հեշմակ-ապաշտ (hešmak-apašt)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oge",
        "2": "ჰეშმაკი"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Georgian ჰეშმაკი (hešmaḳi)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oge",
        "2": "ეშმაკი"
      },
      "expansion": "ეშმაკი (ešmaḳi)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka-mid",
        "2": "შმაგი"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Georgian შმაგი (šmagi)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian ʾyšm, xyšm (xēšm, “anger”), from Old Persian *aišima (compare Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀 (aēšəma), 𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀 (aēṣ̌ma)), from Proto-Iranian *HayšHmah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HayšHmas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁oysh₂-mo-s, from *h₁eysh₂-.\nCognate with Parthian 𐫙𐫢𐫖𐫃 (ʿšmg /⁠išmag⁠/, “wrath, the demon wrath”) and more distantly Latin īra. Akin to Old Armenian հեշմակ-ապաշտ (hešmak-apašt), Old Georgian ჰეშმაკი (hešmaḳi), ეშმაკი (ešmaḳi), Middle Georgian შმაგი (šmagi), Iranian borrowings.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "xašm",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "xašm",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "خشم • (xašm)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "xašm"
      },
      "expansion": "خشم • (xašm)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Persian lemmas",
        "Persian nouns",
        "Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
        "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
        "Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
        "Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
        "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
        "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
        "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "fa:Anger"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "anger, wrath, rage"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anger",
          "anger"
        ],
        [
          "wrath",
          "wrath"
        ],
        [
          "rage",
          "rage"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "عصبانیت"
        },
        {
          "word": "غضب"
        },
        {
          "word": "تندخویی"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xiʃm]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xäʃm]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xäʃm]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xäʃm]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xi.ʃim]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xæʃm]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[χäʃm]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "خشم"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
    "Urdu lemmas",
    "Urdu masculine nouns",
    "Urdu nouns",
    "Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
    "Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
    "Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Urdu terms with redundant head parameter",
    "ur:Emotions"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ur",
        "2": "fa-cls",
        "3": "خشم",
        "t": "anger, rage",
        "tr": "xašm"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Persian خشم (xašm, “anger, rage”)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Classical Persian خشم (xašm, “anger, rage”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "xaśm",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ख़श्म",
      "tags": [
        "Hindi"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "hi": "ख़श्म",
        "tr": "xaśm"
      },
      "expansion": "خشم • (xaśm) m (Hindi spelling ख़श्म)",
      "name": "ur-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Urdu",
  "lang_code": "ur",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "anger; rage, fury, wrath"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anger",
          "anger"
        ],
        [
          "rage",
          "rage"
        ],
        [
          "fury",
          "fury"
        ],
        [
          "wrath",
          "wrath"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "indignation; ire"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "indignation",
          "indignation"
        ],
        [
          "ire",
          "ire"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "passion"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "passion",
          "passion"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/xəʃm/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard",
        "Urdu"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "خشم"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.