See بحران on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "böhran",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: böhran",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: böhran"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "بحران",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "buḥrān"
},
"expansion": "→ Classical Persian: بحران (buḥrān)\n→ Hindustani:\nHindi: बोहरान (bohrān)\nUrdu: بُحْرَان (bohrān)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Classical Persian: بحران (buḥrān)\n→ Hindustani:\nHindi: बोहरान (bohrān)\nUrdu: بُحْرَان (bohrān)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "բուհրան",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: բուհրան (buhran), բուրհան (burhan), բուհրայն (buhrayn), պուրհան (purhan), պուհրան (puhran), պահրան (pahran), պոհրան (pohran), պոխրան (poxran)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Armenian: բուհրան (buhran), բուրհան (burhan), բուհրայն (buhrayn), պուրհան (purhan), պուհրան (puhran), պահրան (pahran), պոհրան (pohran), պոխրան (poxran)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "بحران",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "buhran"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: بحران (buhran)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: بحران (buhran)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "buhran"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: buhran",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: buhran"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "arc",
"3": "בחרנא",
"t": "test, turning point of disease progression, crisis",
"tr": "bəḥrānā"
},
"expansion": "Aramaic בחרנא (bəḥrānā, “test, turning point of disease progression, crisis”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "בָּחַר",
"t": "to choose, appoint",
"tr": "bāḥar"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew בָּחַר (bāḥar, “to choose, appoint”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κρίσις",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "calque of Ancient Greek κρίσις (krísis)",
"name": "cal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σεληνιάζομαι",
"lit": "moonstruck",
"t": "epilepsy; sudden drastic symptoms",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σεληνιάζομαι (selēniázomai, “epilepsy; sudden drastic symptoms”, literally “moonstruck”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lunaticus"
},
"expansion": "Latin lunaticus",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lunacy"
},
"expansion": "English lunacy",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Aramaic בחרנא (bəḥrānā, “test, turning point of disease progression, crisis”), from בְּחַר (bəḥar, “judging, testing”); compare Hebrew בָּחַר (bāḥar, “to choose, appoint”). Perhaps eventually a calque of Ancient Greek κρίσις (krísis). The Arabic lexicographers identified the word as foreign and considered it of Greek origin.\nLane instead theorised it to be from archaic البَاحُور (al-bāḥūr, “the moon”, literally “expanding, widening; being at the full extent, the furthest extremities”), from the notion of a sudden change of health being linked to the phase of the moon. Compare for this Ancient Greek σεληνιάζομαι (selēniázomai, “epilepsy; sudden drastic symptoms”, literally “moonstruck”), Latin lunaticus, and English lunacy.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "بُحْرَان",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "buḥrān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِين",
"roman": "baḥārīn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ar-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَان",
"roman": "buḥrān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَان",
"roman": "al-buḥrān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَان",
"roman": "buḥrān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانٌ",
"roman": "buḥrānun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانُ",
"roman": "al-buḥrānu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانُ",
"roman": "buḥrānu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانًا",
"roman": "buḥrānan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانَ",
"roman": "al-buḥrāna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَ",
"roman": "buḥrāna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"construct",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانٍ",
"roman": "buḥrānin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانِ",
"roman": "al-buḥrāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانِ",
"roman": "buḥrāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَيْن",
"roman": "buḥrānayn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانَيْن",
"roman": "al-buḥrānayn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَيْ",
"roman": "buḥrānay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"dual",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَانِ",
"roman": "buḥrānāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانَانِ",
"roman": "al-buḥrānāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَا",
"roman": "buḥrānā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"dual",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "buḥrānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "al-buḥrānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَيْ",
"roman": "buḥrānay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"construct",
"dual",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "buḥrānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "al-buḥrānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَيْ",
"roman": "buḥrānay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"dual",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِين",
"roman": "baḥārīn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبَحَارِين",
"roman": "al-baḥārīn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِين",
"roman": "baḥārīn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِينُ",
"roman": "baḥārīnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبَحَارِينُ",
"roman": "al-baḥārīnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِينُ",
"roman": "baḥārīnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِينَ",
"roman": "baḥārīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبَحَارِينَ",
"roman": "al-baḥārīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِينَ",
"roman": "baḥārīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِينَ",
"roman": "baḥārīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبَحَارِينِ",
"roman": "al-baḥārīni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِينِ",
"roman": "baḥārīni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "بُحْرَان",
"2": "m",
"pl": "بَحَارِين"
},
"expansion": "بُحْرَان • (buḥrān) m (plural بَحَارِين (baḥārīn))",
"name": "ar-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "بُحْرَان",
"pl": "بَحَارِين"
},
"name": "ar-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"crisis, panic"
],
"id": "en-بحران-ar-noun-bhABQzJI",
"links": [
[
"crisis",
"crisis"
],
[
"panic",
"panic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare) crisis, panic"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "أَزْمَة"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ar",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "ar:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 50 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic nouns with basic diptote broken plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic nouns with broken plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crisis"
],
"id": "en-بحران-ar-noun-NNYjHAmq",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"crisis",
"crisis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) crisis"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/buħ.raːn/"
}
],
"word": "بحران"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "baḥrān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "noun form",
"tr": "baḥrān"
},
"expansion": "بحران • (baḥrān)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "baḥr",
"word": "بَحْر"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dual of بَحْر (baḥr)"
],
"id": "en-بحران-ar-noun-o7phkh0G",
"links": [
[
"بَحْر",
"بحر#Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"dual",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "بحران"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "बोहरान"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: बोहरान (bohrān)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: बोहरान (bohrān)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "بُحْرَان",
"tr": "bohrān"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: بُحْرَان (bohrān)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: بُحْرَان (bohrān)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ar",
"3": "بُحْرَان",
"t": "crisis"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic بُحْرَان (buḥrān, “crisis”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic بُحْرَان (buḥrān, “crisis”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bohrân",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "bohrân",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "بحران • (bohrân)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "bohrân"
},
"expansion": "بحران • (bohrân)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 10 6 79 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 11 77 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "financial crisis",
"roman": "bohrân-e eqtesâdi",
"text": "بحران اقتصادی",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "debt crisis",
"roman": "bohrân-e bedehi",
"text": "بحران بدهی",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "international crisis",
"roman": "bohrân-e beyn-olmelali",
"text": "بحران بینالمللی",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "political crisis",
"roman": "bohrân-e siyâsi",
"text": "بحران سیاسی",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crisis"
],
"id": "en-بحران-fa-noun-NNYjHAmq",
"links": [
[
"crisis",
"crisis"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[buh.ˈɾɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bo̞ɦ.ɾɑ́ːn]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bo̞ɦ.ɾɑ́ːn]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bʊ.ɾɑ́ːn]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bu.ɾɔ́ːn]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[boɦ.ɹɒ́ːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bɵh.ɾɔ́n]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːn"
}
],
"word": "بحران"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "بحران",
"tr": "buhrān"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian بحران (buhrān)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ar",
"3": "بُحْرَان",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Arabic بُحْرَان (buḥrān)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian بحران (buhrān), from Arabic بُحْرَان (buḥrān).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "بُحْران",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "bohrān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "बोहरान",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "بُحْران",
"hi": "बोहरान",
"tr": "bohrān"
},
"expansion": "بُحْران • (bohrān) m (Hindi spelling बोहरान)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crisis"
],
"id": "en-بحران-ur-noun-NNYjHAmq",
"links": [
[
"crisis",
"crisis"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"delirium"
],
"id": "en-بحران-ur-noun-qUUVeh96",
"links": [
[
"delirium",
"delirium"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/boːɦ.ɾɑːn/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
}
],
"word": "بحران"
}
{
"categories": [
"Arabic 2-syllable words",
"Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"Arabic lemmas",
"Arabic masculine nouns",
"Arabic non-lemma forms",
"Arabic noun forms",
"Arabic nouns",
"Arabic nouns with basic diptote broken plural",
"Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular",
"Arabic nouns with broken plural",
"Arabic terms calqued from Ancient Greek",
"Arabic terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Arabic terms derived from Aramaic",
"Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "böhran",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: böhran",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: böhran"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "بحران",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "buḥrān"
},
"expansion": "→ Classical Persian: بحران (buḥrān)\n→ Hindustani:\nHindi: बोहरान (bohrān)\nUrdu: بُحْرَان (bohrān)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Classical Persian: بحران (buḥrān)\n→ Hindustani:\nHindi: बोहरान (bohrān)\nUrdu: بُحْرَان (bohrān)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "բուհրան",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: բուհրան (buhran), բուրհան (burhan), բուհրայն (buhrayn), պուրհան (purhan), պուհրան (puhran), պահրան (pahran), պոհրան (pohran), պոխրան (poxran)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Armenian: բուհրան (buhran), բուրհան (burhan), բուհրայն (buhrayn), պուրհան (purhan), պուհրան (puhran), պահրան (pahran), պոհրան (pohran), պոխրան (poxran)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "بحران",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "buhran"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: بحران (buhran)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: بحران (buhran)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "buhran"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: buhran",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: buhran"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "arc",
"3": "בחרנא",
"t": "test, turning point of disease progression, crisis",
"tr": "bəḥrānā"
},
"expansion": "Aramaic בחרנא (bəḥrānā, “test, turning point of disease progression, crisis”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "בָּחַר",
"t": "to choose, appoint",
"tr": "bāḥar"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew בָּחַר (bāḥar, “to choose, appoint”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κρίσις",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "calque of Ancient Greek κρίσις (krísis)",
"name": "cal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σεληνιάζομαι",
"lit": "moonstruck",
"t": "epilepsy; sudden drastic symptoms",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σεληνιάζομαι (selēniázomai, “epilepsy; sudden drastic symptoms”, literally “moonstruck”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lunaticus"
},
"expansion": "Latin lunaticus",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lunacy"
},
"expansion": "English lunacy",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Aramaic בחרנא (bəḥrānā, “test, turning point of disease progression, crisis”), from בְּחַר (bəḥar, “judging, testing”); compare Hebrew בָּחַר (bāḥar, “to choose, appoint”). Perhaps eventually a calque of Ancient Greek κρίσις (krísis). The Arabic lexicographers identified the word as foreign and considered it of Greek origin.\nLane instead theorised it to be from archaic البَاحُور (al-bāḥūr, “the moon”, literally “expanding, widening; being at the full extent, the furthest extremities”), from the notion of a sudden change of health being linked to the phase of the moon. Compare for this Ancient Greek σεληνιάζομαι (selēniázomai, “epilepsy; sudden drastic symptoms”, literally “moonstruck”), Latin lunaticus, and English lunacy.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "بُحْرَان",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "buḥrān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِين",
"roman": "baḥārīn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ar-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَان",
"roman": "buḥrān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَان",
"roman": "al-buḥrān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَان",
"roman": "buḥrān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانٌ",
"roman": "buḥrānun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانُ",
"roman": "al-buḥrānu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانُ",
"roman": "buḥrānu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانًا",
"roman": "buḥrānan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانَ",
"roman": "al-buḥrāna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَ",
"roman": "buḥrāna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"construct",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانٍ",
"roman": "buḥrānin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانِ",
"roman": "al-buḥrāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانِ",
"roman": "buḥrāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَيْن",
"roman": "buḥrānayn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانَيْن",
"roman": "al-buḥrānayn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَيْ",
"roman": "buḥrānay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"dual",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَانِ",
"roman": "buḥrānāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانَانِ",
"roman": "al-buḥrānāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَا",
"roman": "buḥrānā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"dual",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "buḥrānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "al-buḥrānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَيْ",
"roman": "buḥrānay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"construct",
"dual",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "buḥrānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبُحْرَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "al-buḥrānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بُحْرَانَيْ",
"roman": "buḥrānay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"dual",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِين",
"roman": "baḥārīn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبَحَارِين",
"roman": "al-baḥārīn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِين",
"roman": "baḥārīn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِينُ",
"roman": "baḥārīnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبَحَارِينُ",
"roman": "al-baḥārīnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِينُ",
"roman": "baḥārīnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِينَ",
"roman": "baḥārīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبَحَارِينَ",
"roman": "al-baḥārīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِينَ",
"roman": "baḥārīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِينَ",
"roman": "baḥārīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "الْبَحَارِينِ",
"roman": "al-baḥārīni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "بَحَارِينِ",
"roman": "baḥārīni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "بُحْرَان",
"2": "m",
"pl": "بَحَارِين"
},
"expansion": "بُحْرَان • (buḥrān) m (plural بَحَارِين (baḥārīn))",
"name": "ar-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "بُحْرَان",
"pl": "بَحَارِين"
},
"name": "ar-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Arabic terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"crisis, panic"
],
"links": [
[
"crisis",
"crisis"
],
[
"panic",
"panic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare) crisis, panic"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "أَزْمَة"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ar:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"crisis"
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"crisis",
"crisis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) crisis"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/buħ.raːn/"
}
],
"word": "بحران"
}
{
"categories": [
"Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"Arabic non-lemma forms",
"Arabic noun forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "baḥrān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "noun form",
"tr": "baḥrān"
},
"expansion": "بحران • (baḥrān)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "baḥr",
"word": "بَحْر"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dual of بَحْر (baḥr)"
],
"links": [
[
"بَحْر",
"بحر#Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"dual",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "بحران"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "बोहरान"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: बोहरान (bohrān)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: बोहरान (bohrān)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "بُحْرَان",
"tr": "bohrān"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: بُحْرَان (bohrān)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: بُحْرَان (bohrān)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ar",
"3": "بُحْرَان",
"t": "crisis"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic بُحْرَان (buḥrān, “crisis”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic بُحْرَان (buḥrān, “crisis”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bohrân",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "bohrân",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "بحران • (bohrân)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "bohrân"
},
"expansion": "بحران • (bohrân)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from Arabic",
"Persian terms derived from Arabic",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian terms with collocations",
"Rhymes:Persian/ɑːn",
"Rhymes:Persian/ɑːn/2 syllables"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "financial crisis",
"roman": "bohrân-e eqtesâdi",
"text": "بحران اقتصادی",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "debt crisis",
"roman": "bohrân-e bedehi",
"text": "بحران بدهی",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "international crisis",
"roman": "bohrân-e beyn-olmelali",
"text": "بحران بینالمللی",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "political crisis",
"roman": "bohrân-e siyâsi",
"text": "بحران سیاسی",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crisis"
],
"links": [
[
"crisis",
"crisis"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[buh.ˈɾɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bo̞ɦ.ɾɑ́ːn]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bo̞ɦ.ɾɑ́ːn]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bʊ.ɾɑ́ːn]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bu.ɾɔ́ːn]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[boɦ.ɹɒ́ːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[bɵh.ɾɔ́n]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːn"
}
],
"word": "بحران"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu masculine nouns",
"Urdu nouns",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Arabic",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Arabic",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Urdu terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "بحران",
"tr": "buhrān"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian بحران (buhrān)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ar",
"3": "بُحْرَان",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Arabic بُحْرَان (buḥrān)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian بحران (buhrān), from Arabic بُحْرَان (buḥrān).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "بُحْران",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "bohrān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "बोहरान",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "بُحْران",
"hi": "बोहरान",
"tr": "bohrān"
},
"expansion": "بُحْران • (bohrān) m (Hindi spelling बोहरान)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"crisis"
],
"links": [
[
"crisis",
"crisis"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"delirium"
],
"links": [
[
"delirium",
"delirium"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/boːɦ.ɾɑːn/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
}
],
"word": "بحران"
}
Download raw JSONL data for بحران meaning in All languages combined (15.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (b941637 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.