See آلودن on Wiktionary
{
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"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "*ā-",
"3": "*dauH-",
"nocat": "1",
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"t2": "to smear, rub (on)"
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{
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa-ved",
"2": "आधावति",
"t": "to rinse, polish"
},
"expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit आधावति (ādhāvati, “to rinse, polish”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "धाव्",
"t": "to run, flow"
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"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)leyb-",
"t": "to slip, slide"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)leyb- (“to slip, slide”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin.\nCheung derives the verb from Proto-Iranian *ā- (“ad-”) + *dauH- (“to smear, rub (on)”), with a lambdacism of *d > l. The prefix is from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“to, at”), while the verbal root is of uncertain further origin, with possible connections to Vedic Sanskrit आधावति (ādhāvati, “to rinse, polish”), though not Sanskrit धाव् (dhāv, “to run, flow”), the latter which Cheung implicitly considers to be unrelated to the Iranian and Vedic verbs.\nEdelman and Rastorgujeva mention the theory above, but do consider the root to be related to धाव् (dhāv). In addition, they suggest an alternate derivation from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leyb- (“to slip, slide”); see *sleydʰ- (“to slip”) for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "آلودَن",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "âludan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "آلا",
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}
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"5": "",
"6": "",
"f1tr": "âlâ",
"f2tr": "",
"head": "آلودَن",
"sort": "",
"tr": "âludan"
},
"expansion": "آلودَن • (âludan) (present stem آلا (âlâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "آلودَن",
"prstem": "آلا",
"tr": "âludan",
"tr2": "âlâ"
},
"expansion": "آلودَن • (âludan) (present stem آلا (âlâ))",
"name": "fa-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [
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],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "âlâyeš",
"word": "آلایش"
},
{
"roman": "âlude",
"word": "آلوده"
},
{
"roman": "âludegi",
"word": "آلودگی"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to contaminate, to pollute"
],
"id": "en-آلودن-fa-verb-J8sc0~KS",
"links": [
[
"contaminate",
"contaminate"
],
[
"pollute",
"pollute"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.luː.ðan]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.luː.d̪än]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.luː.d̪än]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.luː.d̪än]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔː.lu.d̪än]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɒː.luː.d̪æn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔ.lu.d̪än]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9168 (fas)-Darafsh-آلودن.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%86.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%86.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "آلودن"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "âlâyeš",
"word": "آلایش"
},
{
"roman": "âlude",
"word": "آلوده"
},
{
"roman": "âludegi",
"word": "آلودگی"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"nocap": "1"
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"expansion": "uncertain",
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{
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"expansion": "Proto-Iranian",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "*ā-",
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"nocat": "1",
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"t2": "to smear, rub (on)"
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"expansion": "*ā- (“ad-”) + *dauH- (“to smear, rub (on)”)",
"name": "affix"
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{
"args": {
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"t": "to, at"
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa-ved",
"2": "आधावति",
"t": "to rinse, polish"
},
"expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit आधावति (ādhāvati, “to rinse, polish”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "धाव्",
"t": "to run, flow"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit धाव् (dhāv, “to run, flow”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)leyb-",
"t": "to slip, slide"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)leyb- (“to slip, slide”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin.\nCheung derives the verb from Proto-Iranian *ā- (“ad-”) + *dauH- (“to smear, rub (on)”), with a lambdacism of *d > l. The prefix is from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“to, at”), while the verbal root is of uncertain further origin, with possible connections to Vedic Sanskrit आधावति (ādhāvati, “to rinse, polish”), though not Sanskrit धाव् (dhāv, “to run, flow”), the latter which Cheung implicitly considers to be unrelated to the Iranian and Vedic verbs.\nEdelman and Rastorgujeva mention the theory above, but do consider the root to be related to धाव् (dhāv). In addition, they suggest an alternate derivation from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leyb- (“to slip, slide”); see *sleydʰ- (“to slip”) for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "آلودَن",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "âludan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
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"roman": "âlâ",
"tags": [
"present",
"stem"
]
}
],
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"2": "verb",
"3": "present stem",
"4": "آلا",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f1tr": "âlâ",
"f2tr": "",
"head": "آلودَن",
"sort": "",
"tr": "âludan"
},
"expansion": "آلودَن • (âludan) (present stem آلا (âlâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "آلودَن",
"prstem": "آلا",
"tr": "âludan",
"tr2": "âlâ"
},
"expansion": "آلودَن • (âludan) (present stem آلا (âlâ))",
"name": "fa-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Persian verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to contaminate, to pollute"
],
"links": [
[
"contaminate",
"contaminate"
],
[
"pollute",
"pollute"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.luː.ðan]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.luː.d̪än]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.luː.d̪än]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.luː.d̪än]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔː.lu.d̪än]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɒː.luː.d̪æn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔ.lu.d̪än]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9168 (fas)-Darafsh-آلودن.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%86.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%86.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "آلودن"
}
Download raw JSONL data for آلودن meaning in All languages combined (3.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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