See آشنا on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "âşnâ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "adjective",
"tr": "âşnâ"
},
"expansion": "آشنا (âşnâ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "familiar",
"word": "âşnâ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Khalaj entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Khalaj terms in Arabic script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Arabic spelling of âşnâ (“familiar”)"
],
"id": "en-آشنا-klj-adj-W-zUHhwE",
"links": [
[
"âşnâ",
"âşnâ#Khalaj"
],
[
"familiar",
"familiar"
]
],
"tags": [
"Arabic",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"word": "آشنا"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to meet",
"roman": "âšnâ šodan",
"word": "آشنا شدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "âšnâ kardan",
"word": "آشنا کردن"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"t": "known",
"tr": "ʾšnwʾk'",
"ts": "āšnāg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾšnwʾk' /āšnāg/, “known”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-",
"t": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"t": "near",
"tr": "ašnaiy"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (ašnaiy, “near”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "Աշնակ",
"pos": "a male given name"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian Աշնակ (Ašnak, a male given name)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾšnwʾk' /āšnāg/, “known”), ultimately from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). Note also Old Persian [script needed] (ašnaiy, “near”). Possibly akin to Old Armenian Աշնակ (Ašnak, a male given name). Related to شناختن (šenâxtan, “to know, to be acquainted with”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "âšnâ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tr": "âšnâ",
"tr2": "âšenâ"
},
"expansion": "آشنا • (âšnâ)",
"name": "fa-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 28 9 9 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 27 10 10 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 41 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"acquainted"
],
"id": "en-آشنا-fa-adj-K3TybnUr",
"links": [
[
"acquainted",
"acquainted"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 28 9 9 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 27 10 10 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 41 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"familiar, accustomed"
],
"id": "en-آشنا-fa-adj-ljyBS5bi",
"links": [
[
"familiar",
"familiar"
],
[
"accustomed",
"accustomed"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃi.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔːʃ.nɔː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔː.ʃi.nɔː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɒːʃ.nɒː]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɒː.ʃe.nɒː]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔʃ.nɔ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"audio": "Fa-آشنا.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Fa-%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7.ogg/Fa-%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Fa-%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7.ogg"
}
],
"word": "آشنا"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "aşna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: aşna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: aşna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "әшнә",
"bor": "1",
"sc": "Cyrl"
},
"expansion": "→ Bashkir: әшнә (əşnə)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bashkir: әшнә (əşnə)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "આશના",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: આશના (āśanā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: આશના (āśanā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "आशना"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: आशना (āśnā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: आशना (āśnā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "آشْنا",
"tr": "āśnā"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: آشْنا (āśnā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: آشْنا (āśnā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "âşnâ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khalaj: âşnâ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khalaj: âşnâ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "әшнә",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tatar: әшнә (äşnä)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tatar: әшнә (äşnä)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"t": "known",
"tr": "ʾšnwʾk'",
"ts": "āšnāg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾšnwʾk' /āšnāg/, “known”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-",
"t": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"t": "near",
"tr": "ašnaiy"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (ašnaiy, “near”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "Աշնակ",
"pos": "a male given name"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian Աշնակ (Ašnak, a male given name)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾšnwʾk' /āšnāg/, “known”), ultimately from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). Note also Old Persian [script needed] (ašnaiy, “near”). Possibly akin to Old Armenian Աշնակ (Ašnak, a male given name). Related to شناختن (šenâxtan, “to know, to be acquainted with”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "âšnâ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "âšenâ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "آشنایان",
"roman": "âšnâyân",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "آشناها",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"10": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"11": "",
"12": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "آشنایان",
"5": "or",
"6": "آشناها",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1tr": "âšnâyân",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "âšnâ",
"tr2": "âšenâ",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "آشنا • (âšnâ or âšenâ) (plural آشنایان (âšnâyân) or آشناها)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "آشنایان",
"pl2": "آشناها",
"pltr": "âšnâyân",
"tr": "âšnâ",
"tr2": "âšenâ"
},
"expansion": "آشنا • (âšnâ or âšenâ) (plural آشنایان (âšnâyân) or آشناها)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 41 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
81,
93
]
],
"english": "A Magian child was passing by, [that] bandit of faith and hearts; to follow that friendly one, he stopped knowing anyone else.",
"ref": "late 14th century, Xāja Shams-ud-Dīn Moḥammad Ḥāfeẓ-e Shīrāzī, “زاهد خلوتنشین دوش به میخانه شد”, in دیوان حافظ [Divān of Ḥāfeẓ]:",
"roman": "moġ-bačče-ye mi-gozašt râhzan-e din o del, dar pey-e ân âšnâ az hame bigâne šod.",
"text": "مغبچهای میگذشت راهزن دین و دل، در پی آن آشنا از همه بیگانه شد.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"acquaintance, friend"
],
"id": "en-آشنا-fa-noun-YyUVqJRn",
"links": [
[
"acquaintance",
"acquaintance"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃi.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔːʃ.nɔː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔː.ʃi.nɔː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɒːʃ.nɒː]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɒː.ʃe.nɒː]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔʃ.nɔ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"audio": "Fa-آشنا.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Fa-%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7.ogg/Fa-%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Fa-%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7.ogg"
}
],
"word": "آشنا"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "آشْنَا"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian آشْنَا (āšnā)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian آشْنَا (āšnā).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "آشْنا",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "āśnā",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "आशना",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ur-noun-ā-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "آشْنا",
"roman": "āśnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "آشْنے",
"roman": "āśne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "آشْنے",
"roman": "āśne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "آشْنوں",
"roman": "āśnõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "آشْنے",
"roman": "āśne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "آشْنو",
"roman": "āśno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "آشْنا",
"hi": "आशना"
},
"expansion": "آشْنا • (āśnā) m (Hindi spelling आशना)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"آشْ‧نا"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "آشْنا",
"10": "āśne",
"11": "آشْنو",
"12": "āśno",
"2": "āśnā",
"3": "آشْنے",
"4": "āśne",
"5": "آشْنے",
"6": "āśne",
"7": "آشْنوں",
"8": "āśnõ",
"9": "آشْنے"
},
"name": "ur-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"friend; acquaintance"
],
"id": "en-آشنا-ur-noun-bBLHH~B9",
"links": [
[
"friend",
"friend"
],
[
"acquaintance",
"acquaintance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 28 9 9 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 27 10 10 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu nouns with declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lover, paramour"
],
"id": "en-آشنا-ur-noun-lo8Cm25n",
"links": [
[
"lover",
"lover"
],
[
"paramour",
"paramour"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑːʃ.nɑː/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː"
}
],
"word": "آشنا"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "اَشنا",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ašnā",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ush",
"2": "adjective",
"g": "",
"head": "اَشنا",
"tr": "ašnā"
},
"expansion": "اَشنا (ašnā)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ushojo",
"lang_code": "ush",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ushojo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"familiar"
],
"id": "en-آشنا-ush-adj-OkGUZ4Zs",
"links": [
[
"familiar",
"familiar"
]
]
}
],
"word": "آشنا"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "âşnâ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "adjective",
"tr": "âşnâ"
},
"expansion": "آشنا (âşnâ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "familiar",
"word": "âşnâ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Khalaj adjectives",
"Khalaj entries with incorrect language header",
"Khalaj lemmas",
"Khalaj terms in Arabic script",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Arabic spelling of âşnâ (“familiar”)"
],
"links": [
[
"âşnâ",
"âşnâ#Khalaj"
],
[
"familiar",
"familiar"
]
],
"tags": [
"Arabic",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"word": "آشنا"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian adjectives",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Persian terms"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to meet",
"roman": "âšnâ šodan",
"word": "آشنا شدن"
},
{
"roman": "âšnâ kardan",
"word": "آشنا کردن"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"t": "known",
"tr": "ʾšnwʾk'",
"ts": "āšnāg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾšnwʾk' /āšnāg/, “known”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-",
"t": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"t": "near",
"tr": "ašnaiy"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (ašnaiy, “near”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "Աշնակ",
"pos": "a male given name"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian Աշնակ (Ašnak, a male given name)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾšnwʾk' /āšnāg/, “known”), ultimately from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). Note also Old Persian [script needed] (ašnaiy, “near”). Possibly akin to Old Armenian Աշնակ (Ašnak, a male given name). Related to شناختن (šenâxtan, “to know, to be acquainted with”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "âšnâ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tr": "âšnâ",
"tr2": "âšenâ"
},
"expansion": "آشنا • (âšnâ)",
"name": "fa-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"acquainted"
],
"links": [
[
"acquainted",
"acquainted"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"familiar, accustomed"
],
"links": [
[
"familiar",
"familiar"
],
[
"accustomed",
"accustomed"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃi.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔːʃ.nɔː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔː.ʃi.nɔː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɒːʃ.nɒː]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɒː.ʃe.nɒː]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔʃ.nɔ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"audio": "Fa-آشنا.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Fa-%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7.ogg/Fa-%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Fa-%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7.ogg"
}
],
"word": "آشنا"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian adjectives",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Persian terms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "aşna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: aşna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: aşna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "әшнә",
"bor": "1",
"sc": "Cyrl"
},
"expansion": "→ Bashkir: әшнә (əşnə)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bashkir: әшнә (əşnə)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "આશના",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: આશના (āśanā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: આશના (āśanā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "आशना"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: आशना (āśnā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: आशना (āśnā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "آشْنا",
"tr": "āśnā"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: آشْنا (āśnā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: آشْنا (āśnā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "âşnâ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khalaj: âşnâ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khalaj: âşnâ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "әшнә",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tatar: әшнә (äşnä)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tatar: әшнә (äşnä)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"t": "known",
"tr": "ʾšnwʾk'",
"ts": "āšnāg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾšnwʾk' /āšnāg/, “known”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-",
"t": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"t": "near",
"tr": "ašnaiy"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (ašnaiy, “near”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "Աշնակ",
"pos": "a male given name"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian Աշնակ (Ašnak, a male given name)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾšnwʾk' /āšnāg/, “known”), ultimately from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). Note also Old Persian [script needed] (ašnaiy, “near”). Possibly akin to Old Armenian Աշնակ (Ašnak, a male given name). Related to شناختن (šenâxtan, “to know, to be acquainted with”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "âšnâ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "âšenâ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "آشنایان",
"roman": "âšnâyân",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "آشناها",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"10": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"11": "",
"12": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "آشنایان",
"5": "or",
"6": "آشناها",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1tr": "âšnâyân",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "âšnâ",
"tr2": "âšenâ",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "آشنا • (âšnâ or âšenâ) (plural آشنایان (âšnâyân) or آشناها)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "آشنایان",
"pl2": "آشناها",
"pltr": "âšnâyân",
"tr": "âšnâ",
"tr2": "âšenâ"
},
"expansion": "آشنا • (âšnâ or âšenâ) (plural آشنایان (âšnâyân) or آشناها)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
81,
93
]
],
"english": "A Magian child was passing by, [that] bandit of faith and hearts; to follow that friendly one, he stopped knowing anyone else.",
"ref": "late 14th century, Xāja Shams-ud-Dīn Moḥammad Ḥāfeẓ-e Shīrāzī, “زاهد خلوتنشین دوش به میخانه شد”, in دیوان حافظ [Divān of Ḥāfeẓ]:",
"roman": "moġ-bačče-ye mi-gozašt râhzan-e din o del, dar pey-e ân âšnâ az hame bigâne šod.",
"text": "مغبچهای میگذشت راهزن دین و دل، در پی آن آشنا از همه بیگانه شد.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"acquaintance, friend"
],
"links": [
[
"acquaintance",
"acquaintance"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃi.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔːʃ.nɔː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔː.ʃi.nɔː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɒːʃ.nɒː]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɒː.ʃe.nɒː]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɔʃ.nɔ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"audio": "Fa-آشنا.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Fa-%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7.ogg/Fa-%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Fa-%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7.ogg"
}
],
"word": "آشنا"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Urdu/ɑː",
"Rhymes:Urdu/ɑː/2 syllables",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu masculine nouns",
"Urdu masculine ā-stem nouns",
"Urdu nouns",
"Urdu nouns with declension",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Urdu terms with redundant transliterations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "آشْنَا"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian آشْنَا (āšnā)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian آشْنَا (āšnā).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "آشْنا",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "āśnā",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "आशना",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ur-noun-ā-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "آشْنا",
"roman": "āśnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "آشْنے",
"roman": "āśne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "آشْنے",
"roman": "āśne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "آشْنوں",
"roman": "āśnõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "آشْنے",
"roman": "āśne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "آشْنو",
"roman": "āśno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "آشْنا",
"hi": "आशना"
},
"expansion": "آشْنا • (āśnā) m (Hindi spelling आशना)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"آشْ‧نا"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "آشْنا",
"10": "āśne",
"11": "آشْنو",
"12": "āśno",
"2": "āśnā",
"3": "آشْنے",
"4": "āśne",
"5": "آشْنے",
"6": "āśne",
"7": "آشْنوں",
"8": "āśnõ",
"9": "آشْنے"
},
"name": "ur-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"friend; acquaintance"
],
"links": [
[
"friend",
"friend"
],
[
"acquaintance",
"acquaintance"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lover, paramour"
],
"links": [
[
"lover",
"lover"
],
[
"paramour",
"paramour"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑːʃ.nɑː/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː"
}
],
"word": "آشنا"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "اَشنا",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ašnā",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ush",
"2": "adjective",
"g": "",
"head": "اَشنا",
"tr": "ašnā"
},
"expansion": "اَشنا (ašnā)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ushojo",
"lang_code": "ush",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Ushojo adjectives",
"Ushojo entries with incorrect language header",
"Ushojo lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"familiar"
],
"links": [
[
"familiar",
"familiar"
]
]
}
],
"word": "آشنا"
}
Download raw JSONL data for آشنا meaning in All languages combined (12.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.