"գութան" meaning in All languages combined

See գութան on Wiktionary

Noun [Armenian]

IPA: /ɡuˈtʰɑn/ [Eastern-Armenian], [ɡutʰɑ́n] [Eastern-Armenian], /kuˈtɑn/ [Western-Armenian], [kʰutʰɑ́n] [Western-Armenian] Audio: LL-Q8785 (hye)-Vahagn Petrosyan-գութան.wav
Etymology: Inherited from Middle Armenian գութան (gutʻan), also written as գուդան (gudan) and as գութա (gutʻa) in the phrase գութա մի (gutʻa mi, “one plough”). The latter should be understood as *գութան մի (*gutʻan mi) with the assimilation of ն (n) to մ (m) and the symplication of the double մմ (mm) to մ (m). Hence, the form *գութայ (*gutʻay) quoted by dictionaries based on that phrase is spurious. A pan-Caucasian word of uncertain ultimate origin. Compare Georgian გუთანი (gutani), Mingrelian გუთანი (gutani); Ingush гота (gota), Chechen гота (gota); Dargwa гутан (gutan), Udi коьтаьн (kötän), Lezgi куьте́н (kütén), Avar кута́н (kután); Abkhaz а-куаҭана (a-kʼwatana), а-кәаҭа́н (a-kʷʼatán), Abaza кӏвата́н (kʷʼatán); Ossetian гу́тон (gúton), готон (goton); Northern Kurdish kotan; Azerbaijani kotan, Ottoman Turkish قوطان (kotan), dialectal Turkish köten, kötan, kotan, kutan, Karachay-Balkar гатон (gaton); Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ܟܘܬܢ (kûtân). Abaev remarks that in all the languages the word refers to a heavy or improved version of the plough, whereas the regular plough is designated by a native word. According to Genko (1930): The question of the origin of such a widespread name of the plough seems to be insoluble by means of historical linguistics. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|hy|axm|գութան|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle Armenian գութան (gutʻan), {{inh+|hy|axm|գութան}} Inherited from Middle Armenian գութան (gutʻan), {{unc|hy|nocap=1}} uncertain, {{cog|ka|გუთანი}} Georgian გუთანი (gutani), {{cog|xmf|გუთანი}} Mingrelian გუთანი (gutani), {{cog|inh|гота}} Ingush гота (gota), {{cog|ce|гота}} Chechen гота (gota), {{cog|dar|гутан}} Dargwa гутан (gutan), {{cog|udi|коьтаьн}} Udi коьтаьн (kötän), {{cog|lez|куьтен|куьте́н}} Lezgi куьте́н (kütén), {{cog|av|кутан|кута́н}} Avar кута́н (kután), {{cog|ab|акуаҭана|а-куаҭана}} Abkhaz а-куаҭана (a-kʼwatana), {{cog|abq|кӏватан|кӏвата́н}} Abaza кӏвата́н (kʷʼatán), {{cog|os|гу́тон}} Ossetian гу́тон (gúton), {{cog|kmr|kotan}} Northern Kurdish kotan, {{cog|az|kotan}} Azerbaijani kotan, {{cog|ota|قوطان|tr=kotan}} Ottoman Turkish قوطان (kotan), {{cog|tr|köten}} Turkish köten, {{cog|krc|гатон|tr=gaton}} Karachay-Balkar гатон (gaton), {{cog|aii|ܟܘܬܢ|tr=kûtân}} Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ܟܘܬܢ (kûtân) Head templates: {{head|hy|noun|||||||cat2=|g=|head=|id=}} գութան • (gutʻan), {{hy-noun}} գութան • (gutʻan) Inflection templates: {{hy-decl-noun|գութան|11=գութանին|11s=գութաններիցս|13=գութանների|13s=գութանովս|15=գութաններին|15s=գութաններովս|17=գութանից|17s=գութանումս|19=գութաններից|19s=գութաններումս|1s=գութանս|21=գութանով|21s=գութանդ|23=գութաններով|23s=գութաններդ|25=գութանում|25s=գութանիդ|27=գութաններում|27s=գութաններիդ|29s=գութանիցդ|3=գութանը/գութանն|31s=գութաններիցդ|33s=գութանովդ|35s=գութաններովդ|37s=գութանումդ|39s=գութաններումդ|3s=գութաններս|5=գութաններ|5s=գութանիս|7=գութանները/գութաններն|7s=գութաններիս|9=գութանի|9s=գութանիցս|n=|note=|stem=i-type, inanimate}} Forms: gutʻan [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], գութան [nominative, singular], գութաններ [nominative, plural], գութանի [dative, singular], գութանների [dative, plural], գութանից [ablative, singular], գութաններից [ablative, plural], գութանով [instrumental, singular], գութաններով [instrumental, plural], գութանում [locative, singular], գութաններում [locative, plural], գութանը [definite, nominative, singular], գութանն [definite, nominative, singular], գութանները [definite, nominative, plural], գութաններն [definite, nominative, plural], գութանին [dative, definite, singular], գութաններին [dative, definite, plural], գութանս [first-person, nominative, possessive, singular], գութաններս [first-person, nominative, plural, possessive], գութանիս [dative, first-person, possessive, singular], գութաններիս [dative, first-person, plural, possessive], գութանիցս [ablative, first-person, possessive, singular], գութաններիցս [ablative, first-person, plural, possessive], գութանովս [first-person, instrumental, possessive, singular], գութաններովս [first-person, instrumental, plural, possessive], գութանումս [first-person, locative, possessive, singular], գութաններումս [first-person, locative, plural, possessive], գութանդ [nominative, possessive, second-person, singular], գութաններդ [nominative, plural, possessive, second-person], գութանիդ [dative, possessive, second-person, singular], գութաններիդ [dative, plural, possessive, second-person], գութանիցդ [ablative, possessive, second-person, singular], գութաններիցդ [ablative, plural, possessive, second-person], գութանովդ [instrumental, possessive, second-person, singular], գութաններովդ [instrumental, plural, possessive, second-person], գութանումդ [locative, possessive, second-person, singular], գութաններումդ [locative, plural, possessive, second-person]
  1. plough Wikipedia link: hy:Մարտիրոս Մինասյան Synonyms: արոր (aror)
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "axm",
        "3": "գութան",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Armenian գութան (gutʻan)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "axm",
        "3": "գութան"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle Armenian գութան (gutʻan)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka",
        "2": "გუთანი"
      },
      "expansion": "Georgian გუთანი (gutani)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xmf",
        "2": "გუთანი"
      },
      "expansion": "Mingrelian გუთანი (gutani)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "inh",
        "2": "гота"
      },
      "expansion": "Ingush гота (gota)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ce",
        "2": "гота"
      },
      "expansion": "Chechen гота (gota)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dar",
        "2": "гутан"
      },
      "expansion": "Dargwa гутан (gutan)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "udi",
        "2": "коьтаьн"
      },
      "expansion": "Udi коьтаьн (kötän)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lez",
        "2": "куьтен",
        "3": "куьте́н"
      },
      "expansion": "Lezgi куьте́н (kütén)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "av",
        "2": "кутан",
        "3": "кута́н"
      },
      "expansion": "Avar кута́н (kután)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ab",
        "2": "акуаҭана",
        "3": "а-куаҭана"
      },
      "expansion": "Abkhaz а-куаҭана (a-kʼwatana)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "abq",
        "2": "кӏватан",
        "3": "кӏвата́н"
      },
      "expansion": "Abaza кӏвата́н (kʷʼatán)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "os",
        "2": "гу́тон"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian гу́тон (gúton)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "kotan"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Kurdish kotan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "az",
        "2": "kotan"
      },
      "expansion": "Azerbaijani kotan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ota",
        "2": "قوطان",
        "tr": "kotan"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish قوطان (kotan)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "köten"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish köten",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "krc",
        "2": "гатон",
        "tr": "gaton"
      },
      "expansion": "Karachay-Balkar гатон (gaton)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "ܟܘܬܢ",
        "tr": "kûtân"
      },
      "expansion": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ܟܘܬܢ (kûtân)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Armenian գութան (gutʻan), also written as գուդան (gudan) and as գութա (gutʻa) in the phrase գութա մի (gutʻa mi, “one plough”). The latter should be understood as *գութան մի (*gutʻan mi) with the assimilation of ն (n) to մ (m) and the symplication of the double մմ (mm) to մ (m). Hence, the form *գութայ (*gutʻay) quoted by dictionaries based on that phrase is spurious.\nA pan-Caucasian word of uncertain ultimate origin. Compare Georgian გუთანი (gutani), Mingrelian გუთანი (gutani); Ingush гота (gota), Chechen гота (gota); Dargwa гутан (gutan), Udi коьтаьн (kötän), Lezgi куьте́н (kütén), Avar кута́н (kután); Abkhaz а-куаҭана (a-kʼwatana), а-кәаҭа́н (a-kʷʼatán), Abaza кӏвата́н (kʷʼatán); Ossetian гу́тон (gúton), готон (goton); Northern Kurdish kotan; Azerbaijani kotan, Ottoman Turkish قوطان (kotan), dialectal Turkish köten, kötan, kotan, kutan, Karachay-Balkar гатон (gaton); Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ܟܘܬܢ (kûtân).\nAbaev remarks that in all the languages the word refers to a heavy or improved version of the plough, whereas the regular plough is designated by a native word.\nAccording to Genko (1930):\nThe question of the origin of such a widespread name of the plough seems to be insoluble by means of historical linguistics.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gutʻan",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hy-noun-ի-ներ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութան",
      "roman": "gutʻan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններ",
      "roman": "gutʻanner",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանի",
      "roman": "gutʻani",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանների",
      "roman": "gutʻanneri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանից",
      "roman": "gutʻanicʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններից",
      "roman": "gutʻannericʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանով",
      "roman": "gutʻanov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններով",
      "roman": "gutʻannerov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանում",
      "roman": "gutʻanum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններում",
      "roman": "gutʻannerum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանը",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանն",
      "roman": "gutʻanə/gutʻann",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանները",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններն",
      "roman": "gutʻannerə/gutʻannern",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանին",
      "roman": "gutʻanin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններին",
      "roman": "gutʻannerin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանս",
      "roman": "gutʻans",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններս",
      "roman": "gutʻanners",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանիս",
      "roman": "gutʻanis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններիս",
      "roman": "gutʻanneris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանիցս",
      "roman": "gutʻanicʻs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններիցս",
      "roman": "gutʻannericʻs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանովս",
      "roman": "gutʻanovs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններովս",
      "roman": "gutʻannerovs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանումս",
      "roman": "gutʻanums",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններումս",
      "roman": "gutʻannerums",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանդ",
      "roman": "gutʻand",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններդ",
      "roman": "gutʻannerd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանիդ",
      "roman": "gutʻanid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններիդ",
      "roman": "gutʻannerid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանիցդ",
      "roman": "gutʻanicʻd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններիցդ",
      "roman": "gutʻannericʻd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանովդ",
      "roman": "gutʻanovd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններովդ",
      "roman": "gutʻannerovd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանումդ",
      "roman": "gutʻanumd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններումդ",
      "roman": "gutʻannerumd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "գութան • (gutʻan)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "գութան • (gutʻan)",
      "name": "hy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "գութան",
        "11": "գութանին",
        "11s": "գութաններիցս",
        "13": "գութանների",
        "13s": "գութանովս",
        "15": "գութաններին",
        "15s": "գութաններովս",
        "17": "գութանից",
        "17s": "գութանումս",
        "19": "գութաններից",
        "19s": "գութաններումս",
        "1s": "գութանս",
        "21": "գութանով",
        "21s": "գութանդ",
        "23": "գութաններով",
        "23s": "գութաններդ",
        "25": "գութանում",
        "25s": "գութանիդ",
        "27": "գութաններում",
        "27s": "գութաններիդ",
        "29s": "գութանիցդ",
        "3": "գութանը/գութանն",
        "31s": "գութաններիցդ",
        "33s": "գութանովդ",
        "35s": "գութաններովդ",
        "37s": "գութանումդ",
        "39s": "գութաններումդ",
        "3s": "գութաններս",
        "5": "գութաններ",
        "5s": "գութանիս",
        "7": "գութանները/գութաններն",
        "7s": "գութաններիս",
        "9": "գութանի",
        "9s": "գութանիցս",
        "n": "",
        "note": "",
        "stem": "i-type, inanimate"
      },
      "name": "hy-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Armenian",
  "lang_code": "hy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Abaza links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant target parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Abkhaz links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant target parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Avar links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant target parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Karachay-Balkar terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lezgi links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant target parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plough"
      ],
      "id": "en-գութան-hy-noun-ho6Cm9mP",
      "links": [
        [
          "plough",
          "plough"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "aror",
          "word": "արոր"
        }
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "hy:Մարտիրոս Մինասյան"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuˈtʰɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡutʰɑ́n]",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuˈtɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰutʰɑ́n]",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q8785 (hye)-Vahagn Petrosyan-գութան.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/LL-Q8785_%28hye%29-Vahagn_Petrosyan-%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6.wav/LL-Q8785_%28hye%29-Vahagn_Petrosyan-%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/LL-Q8785_%28hye%29-Vahagn_Petrosyan-%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6.wav/LL-Q8785_%28hye%29-Vahagn_Petrosyan-%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "գութան"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "axm",
        "3": "գութան",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Armenian գութան (gutʻan)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "axm",
        "3": "գութան"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle Armenian գութան (gutʻan)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka",
        "2": "გუთანი"
      },
      "expansion": "Georgian გუთანი (gutani)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xmf",
        "2": "გუთანი"
      },
      "expansion": "Mingrelian გუთანი (gutani)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "inh",
        "2": "гота"
      },
      "expansion": "Ingush гота (gota)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ce",
        "2": "гота"
      },
      "expansion": "Chechen гота (gota)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dar",
        "2": "гутан"
      },
      "expansion": "Dargwa гутан (gutan)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "udi",
        "2": "коьтаьн"
      },
      "expansion": "Udi коьтаьн (kötän)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lez",
        "2": "куьтен",
        "3": "куьте́н"
      },
      "expansion": "Lezgi куьте́н (kütén)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "av",
        "2": "кутан",
        "3": "кута́н"
      },
      "expansion": "Avar кута́н (kután)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ab",
        "2": "акуаҭана",
        "3": "а-куаҭана"
      },
      "expansion": "Abkhaz а-куаҭана (a-kʼwatana)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "abq",
        "2": "кӏватан",
        "3": "кӏвата́н"
      },
      "expansion": "Abaza кӏвата́н (kʷʼatán)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "os",
        "2": "гу́тон"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian гу́тон (gúton)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "kotan"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Kurdish kotan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "az",
        "2": "kotan"
      },
      "expansion": "Azerbaijani kotan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ota",
        "2": "قوطان",
        "tr": "kotan"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish قوطان (kotan)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "köten"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish köten",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "krc",
        "2": "гатон",
        "tr": "gaton"
      },
      "expansion": "Karachay-Balkar гатон (gaton)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "ܟܘܬܢ",
        "tr": "kûtân"
      },
      "expansion": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ܟܘܬܢ (kûtân)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Armenian գութան (gutʻan), also written as գուդան (gudan) and as գութա (gutʻa) in the phrase գութա մի (gutʻa mi, “one plough”). The latter should be understood as *գութան մի (*gutʻan mi) with the assimilation of ն (n) to մ (m) and the symplication of the double մմ (mm) to մ (m). Hence, the form *գութայ (*gutʻay) quoted by dictionaries based on that phrase is spurious.\nA pan-Caucasian word of uncertain ultimate origin. Compare Georgian გუთანი (gutani), Mingrelian გუთანი (gutani); Ingush гота (gota), Chechen гота (gota); Dargwa гутан (gutan), Udi коьтаьн (kötän), Lezgi куьте́н (kütén), Avar кута́н (kután); Abkhaz а-куаҭана (a-kʼwatana), а-кәаҭа́н (a-kʷʼatán), Abaza кӏвата́н (kʷʼatán); Ossetian гу́тон (gúton), готон (goton); Northern Kurdish kotan; Azerbaijani kotan, Ottoman Turkish قوطان (kotan), dialectal Turkish köten, kötan, kotan, kutan, Karachay-Balkar гатон (gaton); Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ܟܘܬܢ (kûtân).\nAbaev remarks that in all the languages the word refers to a heavy or improved version of the plough, whereas the regular plough is designated by a native word.\nAccording to Genko (1930):\nThe question of the origin of such a widespread name of the plough seems to be insoluble by means of historical linguistics.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gutʻan",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hy-noun-ի-ներ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութան",
      "roman": "gutʻan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններ",
      "roman": "gutʻanner",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանի",
      "roman": "gutʻani",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանների",
      "roman": "gutʻanneri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանից",
      "roman": "gutʻanicʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններից",
      "roman": "gutʻannericʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանով",
      "roman": "gutʻanov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններով",
      "roman": "gutʻannerov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանում",
      "roman": "gutʻanum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններում",
      "roman": "gutʻannerum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանը",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանն",
      "roman": "gutʻanə/gutʻann",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանները",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններն",
      "roman": "gutʻannerə/gutʻannern",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանին",
      "roman": "gutʻanin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններին",
      "roman": "gutʻannerin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանս",
      "roman": "gutʻans",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններս",
      "roman": "gutʻanners",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանիս",
      "roman": "gutʻanis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններիս",
      "roman": "gutʻanneris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանիցս",
      "roman": "gutʻanicʻs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններիցս",
      "roman": "gutʻannericʻs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանովս",
      "roman": "gutʻanovs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններովս",
      "roman": "gutʻannerovs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանումս",
      "roman": "gutʻanums",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններումս",
      "roman": "gutʻannerums",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանդ",
      "roman": "gutʻand",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններդ",
      "roman": "gutʻannerd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանիդ",
      "roman": "gutʻanid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններիդ",
      "roman": "gutʻannerid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանիցդ",
      "roman": "gutʻanicʻd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններիցդ",
      "roman": "gutʻannericʻd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանովդ",
      "roman": "gutʻanovd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններովդ",
      "roman": "gutʻannerovd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութանումդ",
      "roman": "gutʻanumd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գութաններումդ",
      "roman": "gutʻannerumd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "գութան • (gutʻan)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "գութան • (gutʻan)",
      "name": "hy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "գութան",
        "11": "գութանին",
        "11s": "գութաններիցս",
        "13": "գութանների",
        "13s": "գութանովս",
        "15": "գութաններին",
        "15s": "գութաններովս",
        "17": "գութանից",
        "17s": "գութանումս",
        "19": "գութաններից",
        "19s": "գութաններումս",
        "1s": "գութանս",
        "21": "գութանով",
        "21s": "գութանդ",
        "23": "գութաններով",
        "23s": "գութաններդ",
        "25": "գութանում",
        "25s": "գութանիդ",
        "27": "գութաններում",
        "27s": "գութաններիդ",
        "29s": "գութանիցդ",
        "3": "գութանը/գութանն",
        "31s": "գութաններիցդ",
        "33s": "գութանովդ",
        "35s": "գութաններովդ",
        "37s": "գութանումդ",
        "39s": "գութաններումդ",
        "3s": "գութաններս",
        "5": "գութաններ",
        "5s": "գութանիս",
        "7": "գութանները/գութաններն",
        "7s": "գութաններիս",
        "9": "գութանի",
        "9s": "գութանիցս",
        "n": "",
        "note": "",
        "stem": "i-type, inanimate"
      },
      "name": "hy-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Armenian",
  "lang_code": "hy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Abaza links with redundant target parameters",
        "Abkhaz links with redundant target parameters",
        "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Armenian lemmas",
        "Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Armenian nouns",
        "Armenian terms derived from Middle Armenian",
        "Armenian terms inherited from Middle Armenian",
        "Armenian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Armenian terms with unknown etymologies",
        "Avar links with redundant target parameters",
        "Karachay-Balkar terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Lezgi links with redundant target parameters",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plough"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "plough",
          "plough"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "hy:Մարտիրոս Մինասյան"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuˈtʰɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡutʰɑ́n]",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuˈtɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰutʰɑ́n]",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q8785 (hye)-Vahagn Petrosyan-գութան.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/LL-Q8785_%28hye%29-Vahagn_Petrosyan-%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6.wav/LL-Q8785_%28hye%29-Vahagn_Petrosyan-%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/LL-Q8785_%28hye%29-Vahagn_Petrosyan-%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6.wav/LL-Q8785_%28hye%29-Vahagn_Petrosyan-%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "aror",
      "word": "արոր"
    }
  ],
  "word": "գութան"
}

Download raw JSONL data for գութան meaning in All languages combined (11.8kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/20250113a",
  "msg": "Colspan 999 over 30, set to 1",
  "path": [
    "գութան"
  ],
  "section": "Armenian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "գութան",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/20250113a",
  "msg": "Colspan 999 over 30, set to 1",
  "path": [
    "գութան"
  ],
  "section": "Armenian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "գութան",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/20250113a",
  "msg": "Colspan 999 over 30, set to 1",
  "path": [
    "գութան"
  ],
  "section": "Armenian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "գութան",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.