"գարշիմ" meaning in All languages combined

See գարշիմ on Wiktionary

Verb [Old Armenian]

Etymology: Likely borrowed from a Middle Iranian descendant of Proto-Iranian *gr̥šáti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers-. An inheritance from the same would have yielded *ձառ- (*jaṙ-) (see ձառ (jaṙ)), hence we are dealing with a borrowing. The Iranian is attested in the meaning "to be glad, happy", but it must have had other, more suitable meanings: compare the cognates Sanskrit हर्षति (harṣati, “to be excited; to be delighted; to bristle; to become impatient; to become stiff or rigid”), Bangāṇī gɔ̀rs(ɛ)ṇɔ (“to feel sheer terror, be terrified”), gɔ̀rsiṇɔ (“to be bristly, spiny (e.g., as pig or porcupine)”), Deogārī gɔrsiɔṇɔ (“to get terribly frightened (with body hair standing upright)”). Etymology templates: {{bor|xcl|ira-mid}} Middle Iranian, {{der|xcl|ira-pro|*gr̥šáti}} Proto-Iranian *gr̥šáti, {{der|xcl|ine-pro|*ǵʰers-}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers-, {{m|xcl||*ձառ-}} *ձառ- (*jaṙ-), {{m|xcl|ձառ}} ձառ (jaṙ), {{cog|sa|हर्षति|t=to be excited; to be delighted; to bristle; to become impatient; to become stiff or rigid}} Sanskrit हर्षति (harṣati, “to be excited; to be delighted; to bristle; to become impatient; to become stiff or rigid”), {{m|und||gɔ̀rs(ɛ)ṇɔ|t=to feel sheer terror, be terrified}} gɔ̀rs(ɛ)ṇɔ (“to feel sheer terror, be terrified”), {{m|und||gɔ̀rsiṇɔ|t=to be bristly, spiny (e.g., as pig or porcupine)}} gɔ̀rsiṇɔ (“to be bristly, spiny (e.g., as pig or porcupine)”), {{m|und||gɔrsiɔṇɔ|t=to get terribly frightened (with body hair standing upright)}} gɔrsiɔṇɔ (“to get terribly frightened (with body hair standing upright)”) Head templates: {{head|xcl|verb|head=|tr=}} գարշիմ • (garšim), {{xcl-verb}} գարշիմ • (garšim) Inflection templates: {{xcl-conj-իմ||գարշ|caus=on}}, {{xcl-conj|aorstem=գարշեց|caus=գարշեցուցանեմ|cohort1=գարշեսջի՛ր|cohort2=գարշեսջի՛ք|imp1=գարշեա՛ց|imp2=գարշեցարո՛ւք|indaor1=գարշեցայ|indaor2=գարշեցար|indaor3=գարշեցաւ|indaor4=գարշեցաք|indaor5=գարշեցայք|indaor6=գարշեցան|indimp1=գարշէի|indimp2=գարշէիր|indimp3=գարշէր, գարշիւր|indimp4=գարշէաք|indimp5=գարշէիք|indimp6=գարշէին|indpr1=գարշիմ|indpr2=գարշիս|indpr3=գարշի|indpr4=գարշիմք|indpr5=գարշիք|indpr6=գարշին|inf=գարշել, գարշիլ*|note=*post-classical|part=գարշեցեալ, գարշեալ|prohib1=մի՛ գարշիր|prohib2=մի՛ գարշիք|subjaor1=գարշեցայց|subjaor2=գարշեսցիս|subjaor3=գարշեսցի|subjaor4=գարշեսցուք|subjaor5=գարշեսջիք|subjaor6=գարշեսցին|subjpr1=գարշիցիմ|subjpr2=գարշիցիս|subjpr3=գարշիցի|subjpr4=գարշիցիմք|subjpr5=գարշիցիք|subjpr6=գարշիցին|title=mediopassive}} Forms: garšim [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], գարշել [infinitive], գարշիլ (garšel, garšil*) [infinitive], գարշեցեալ [participle], գարշեալ [participle], գարշեցուցանեմ [causative], գարշեց- [stem], գարշիմ [first-person, indicative, present, singular], գարշիս [indicative, present, second-person, singular], գարշի [indicative, present, singular, third-person], գարշիմք [first-person, indicative, plural, present], գարշիք [indicative, plural, present, second-person], գարշին [indicative, plural, present, third-person], գարշէի [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], գարշէիր [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], գարշէր [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], գարշիւր [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], գարշէաք [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], գարշէիք [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], գարշէին [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], գարշեցայ [aorist, first-person, indicative, singular], գարշեցար [aorist, indicative, second-person, singular], գարշեցաւ [aorist, indicative, singular, third-person], գարշեցաք [aorist, first-person, indicative, plural], գարշեցայք [aorist, indicative, plural, second-person], գարշեցան [aorist, indicative, plural, third-person], գարշիցիմ [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], գարշիցիս [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], գարշիցի [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], գարշիցիմք [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], գարշիցիք [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], գարշիցին [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], գարշեցայց [aorist, first-person, singular, subjunctive], գարշեսցիս [aorist, second-person, singular, subjunctive], գարշեսցի [aorist, singular, subjunctive, third-person], գարշեսցուք [aorist, first-person, plural, subjunctive], գարշեսջիք [aorist, plural, second-person, subjunctive], գարշեսցին [aorist, plural, subjunctive, third-person], գարշեա՛ց [imperative, rare, singular], գարշեցարո՛ւք [imperative, plural, rare], գարշեսջի՛ր [cohortative, imperative, rare, singular], գարշեսջի՛ք [cohortative, imperative, plural, rare], մի՛ գարշիր [imperative, prohibitive, rare, singular], մի՛ գարշիք [imperative, plural, prohibitive, rare]
  1. (intransitive) to abominate, to loathe, to be disgusted Wikipedia link: Bangani Tags: intransitive Synonyms: գարշեմ (garšem) Related terms: ձառ (jaṙ)
    Sense id: en-գարշիմ-xcl-verb-22pMD89S Categories (other): Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header, Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks, Undetermined language links Derived forms: ամենագարշ (amenagarš), անգարշ (angarš), գարշ (garš), գարշաբանութիւն (garšabanutʻiwn), գարշաբար (garšabar), գարշագոյն (garšagoyn), գարշագործութիւն (garšagorcutʻiwn), գարշախառն (garšaxaṙn), գարշախնդիր (garšaxndir), գարշահոտ (garšahot), գարշահոտութիւն (garšahotutʻiwn), գարշանամ (garšanam), գարշանք (garšankʻ), գարշասէր (garšasēr), գարշատեսիլ (garšatesil), գարշելագոյն (garšelagoyn), գարշելապէս (garšelapēs), գարշելի (garšeli), գարշելութիւն (garšelutʻiwn), գարշեցուցանեմ (garšecʻucʻanem), գարշեցուցիչ (garšecʻucʻičʻ), գարշութիւն (garšutʻiwn), գարշումն (garšumn), գարշունակ (garšunak)

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for գարշիմ meaning in All languages combined (12.2kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "գարշել"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: գարշել (garšel)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: գարշել (garšel)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ira-mid"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Iranian",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*gr̥šáti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *gr̥šáti",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰers-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*ձառ-"
      },
      "expansion": "*ձառ- (*jaṙ-)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ձառ"
      },
      "expansion": "ձառ (jaṙ)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हर्षति",
        "t": "to be excited; to be delighted; to bristle; to become impatient; to become stiff or rigid"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit हर्षति (harṣati, “to be excited; to be delighted; to bristle; to become impatient; to become stiff or rigid”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "und",
        "2": "",
        "3": "gɔ̀rs(ɛ)ṇɔ",
        "t": "to feel sheer terror, be terrified"
      },
      "expansion": "gɔ̀rs(ɛ)ṇɔ (“to feel sheer terror, be terrified”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "und",
        "2": "",
        "3": "gɔ̀rsiṇɔ",
        "t": "to be bristly, spiny (e.g., as pig or porcupine)"
      },
      "expansion": "gɔ̀rsiṇɔ (“to be bristly, spiny (e.g., as pig or porcupine)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "und",
        "2": "",
        "3": "gɔrsiɔṇɔ",
        "t": "to get terribly frightened (with body hair standing upright)"
      },
      "expansion": "gɔrsiɔṇɔ (“to get terribly frightened (with body hair standing upright)”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Likely borrowed from a Middle Iranian descendant of Proto-Iranian *gr̥šáti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers-. An inheritance from the same would have yielded *ձառ- (*jaṙ-) (see ձառ (jaṙ)), hence we are dealing with a borrowing. The Iranian is attested in the meaning \"to be glad, happy\", but it must have had other, more suitable meanings: compare the cognates Sanskrit हर्षति (harṣati, “to be excited; to be delighted; to bristle; to become impatient; to become stiff or rigid”), Bangāṇī gɔ̀rs(ɛ)ṇɔ (“to feel sheer terror, be terrified”), gɔ̀rsiṇɔ (“to be bristly, spiny (e.g., as pig or porcupine)”), Deogārī gɔrsiɔṇɔ (“to get terribly frightened (with body hair standing upright)”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "garšim",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xcl-conj-իմ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշել",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիլ (garšel, garšil*)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցեալ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեալ",
      "roman": "garšecʻeal, garšeal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցուցանեմ",
      "roman": "garšecʻucʻanem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեց-",
      "roman": "garšecʻ-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիմ",
      "roman": "garšim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիս",
      "roman": "garšis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշի",
      "roman": "garši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիմք",
      "roman": "garšimkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիք",
      "roman": "garšikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշին",
      "roman": "garšin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշէի",
      "roman": "garšēi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշէիր",
      "roman": "garšēir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշէր",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիւր",
      "roman": "garšēr, garšiwr",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշէաք",
      "roman": "garšēakʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշէիք",
      "roman": "garšēikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշէին",
      "roman": "garšēin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցայ",
      "roman": "garšecʻay",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցար",
      "roman": "garšecʻar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցաւ",
      "roman": "garšecʻaw",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցաք",
      "roman": "garšecʻakʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցայք",
      "roman": "garšecʻaykʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցան",
      "roman": "garšecʻan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիցիմ",
      "roman": "garšicʻim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիցիս",
      "roman": "garšicʻis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիցի",
      "roman": "garšicʻi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիցիմք",
      "roman": "garšicʻimkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիցիք",
      "roman": "garšicʻikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիցին",
      "roman": "garšicʻin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցայց",
      "roman": "garšecʻaycʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսցիս",
      "roman": "garšescʻis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսցի",
      "roman": "garšescʻi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսցուք",
      "roman": "garšescʻukʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսջիք",
      "roman": "garšesǰikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսցին",
      "roman": "garšescʻin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեա՛ց",
      "roman": "garšeácʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցարո՛ւք",
      "roman": "garšecʻarúkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսջի՛ր",
      "roman": "garšesǰír",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "cohortative",
        "imperative",
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսջի՛ք",
      "roman": "garšesǰíkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "cohortative",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "մի՛ գարշիր",
      "roman": "mí garšir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "prohibitive",
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "մի՛ գարշիք",
      "roman": "mí garšikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "prohibitive",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "գարշիմ • (garšim)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "գարշիմ • (garšim)",
      "name": "xcl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "գարշ",
        "caus": "on"
      },
      "name": "xcl-conj-իմ"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "aorstem": "գարշեց",
        "caus": "գարշեցուցանեմ",
        "cohort1": "գարշեսջի՛ր",
        "cohort2": "գարշեսջի՛ք",
        "imp1": "գարշեա՛ց",
        "imp2": "գարշեցարո՛ւք",
        "indaor1": "գարշեցայ",
        "indaor2": "գարշեցար",
        "indaor3": "գարշեցաւ",
        "indaor4": "գարշեցաք",
        "indaor5": "գարշեցայք",
        "indaor6": "գարշեցան",
        "indimp1": "գարշէի",
        "indimp2": "գարշէիր",
        "indimp3": "գարշէր, գարշիւր",
        "indimp4": "գարշէաք",
        "indimp5": "գարշէիք",
        "indimp6": "գարշէին",
        "indpr1": "գարշիմ",
        "indpr2": "գարշիս",
        "indpr3": "գարշի",
        "indpr4": "գարշիմք",
        "indpr5": "գարշիք",
        "indpr6": "գարշին",
        "inf": "գարշել, գարշիլ*",
        "note": "*post-classical",
        "part": "գարշեցեալ, գարշեալ",
        "prohib1": "մի՛ գարշիր",
        "prohib2": "մի՛ գարշիք",
        "subjaor1": "գարշեցայց",
        "subjaor2": "գարշեսցիս",
        "subjaor3": "գարշեսցի",
        "subjaor4": "գարշեսցուք",
        "subjaor5": "գարշեսջիք",
        "subjaor6": "գարշեսցին",
        "subjpr1": "գարշիցիմ",
        "subjpr2": "գարշիցիս",
        "subjpr3": "գարշիցի",
        "subjpr4": "գարշիցիմք",
        "subjpr5": "գարշիցիք",
        "subjpr6": "գարշիցին",
        "title": "mediopassive"
      },
      "name": "xcl-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Undetermined language links",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "amenagarš",
          "word": "ամենագարշ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "angarš",
          "word": "անգարշ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garš",
          "word": "գարշ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšabanutʻiwn",
          "word": "գարշաբանութիւն"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšabar",
          "word": "գարշաբար"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšagoyn",
          "word": "գարշագոյն"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšagorcutʻiwn",
          "word": "գարշագործութիւն"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšaxaṙn",
          "word": "գարշախառն"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšaxndir",
          "word": "գարշախնդիր"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšahot",
          "word": "գարշահոտ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšahotutʻiwn",
          "word": "գարշահոտութիւն"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšanam",
          "word": "գարշանամ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšankʻ",
          "word": "գարշանք"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšasēr",
          "word": "գարշասէր"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšatesil",
          "word": "գարշատեսիլ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšelagoyn",
          "word": "գարշելագոյն"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšelapēs",
          "word": "գարշելապէս"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšeli",
          "word": "գարշելի"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšelutʻiwn",
          "word": "գարշելութիւն"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšecʻucʻanem",
          "word": "գարշեցուցանեմ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšecʻucʻičʻ",
          "word": "գարշեցուցիչ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšutʻiwn",
          "word": "գարշութիւն"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšumn",
          "word": "գարշումն"
        },
        {
          "roman": "garšunak",
          "word": "գարշունակ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to abominate, to loathe, to be disgusted"
      ],
      "id": "en-գարշիմ-xcl-verb-22pMD89S",
      "links": [
        [
          "abominate",
          "abominate"
        ],
        [
          "loathe",
          "loathe"
        ],
        [
          "disgusted",
          "disgusted"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to abominate, to loathe, to be disgusted"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "jaṙ",
          "word": "ձառ"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "garšem",
          "word": "գարշեմ"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Bangani"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "գարշիմ"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "amenagarš",
      "word": "ամենագարշ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "angarš",
      "word": "անգարշ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garš",
      "word": "գարշ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšabanutʻiwn",
      "word": "գարշաբանութիւն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšabar",
      "word": "գարշաբար"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšagoyn",
      "word": "գարշագոյն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšagorcutʻiwn",
      "word": "գարշագործութիւն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšaxaṙn",
      "word": "գարշախառն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšaxndir",
      "word": "գարշախնդիր"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšahot",
      "word": "գարշահոտ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšahotutʻiwn",
      "word": "գարշահոտութիւն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšanam",
      "word": "գարշանամ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšankʻ",
      "word": "գարշանք"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšasēr",
      "word": "գարշասէր"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšatesil",
      "word": "գարշատեսիլ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšelagoyn",
      "word": "գարշելագոյն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšelapēs",
      "word": "գարշելապէս"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšeli",
      "word": "գարշելի"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšelutʻiwn",
      "word": "գարշելութիւն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšecʻucʻanem",
      "word": "գարշեցուցանեմ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšecʻucʻičʻ",
      "word": "գարշեցուցիչ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšutʻiwn",
      "word": "գարշութիւն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšumn",
      "word": "գարշումն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "garšunak",
      "word": "գարշունակ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "գարշել"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: գարշել (garšel)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: գարշել (garšel)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ira-mid"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Iranian",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*gr̥šáti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *gr̥šáti",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰers-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*ձառ-"
      },
      "expansion": "*ձառ- (*jaṙ-)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ձառ"
      },
      "expansion": "ձառ (jaṙ)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हर्षति",
        "t": "to be excited; to be delighted; to bristle; to become impatient; to become stiff or rigid"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit हर्षति (harṣati, “to be excited; to be delighted; to bristle; to become impatient; to become stiff or rigid”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "und",
        "2": "",
        "3": "gɔ̀rs(ɛ)ṇɔ",
        "t": "to feel sheer terror, be terrified"
      },
      "expansion": "gɔ̀rs(ɛ)ṇɔ (“to feel sheer terror, be terrified”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "und",
        "2": "",
        "3": "gɔ̀rsiṇɔ",
        "t": "to be bristly, spiny (e.g., as pig or porcupine)"
      },
      "expansion": "gɔ̀rsiṇɔ (“to be bristly, spiny (e.g., as pig or porcupine)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "und",
        "2": "",
        "3": "gɔrsiɔṇɔ",
        "t": "to get terribly frightened (with body hair standing upright)"
      },
      "expansion": "gɔrsiɔṇɔ (“to get terribly frightened (with body hair standing upright)”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Likely borrowed from a Middle Iranian descendant of Proto-Iranian *gr̥šáti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers-. An inheritance from the same would have yielded *ձառ- (*jaṙ-) (see ձառ (jaṙ)), hence we are dealing with a borrowing. The Iranian is attested in the meaning \"to be glad, happy\", but it must have had other, more suitable meanings: compare the cognates Sanskrit हर्षति (harṣati, “to be excited; to be delighted; to bristle; to become impatient; to become stiff or rigid”), Bangāṇī gɔ̀rs(ɛ)ṇɔ (“to feel sheer terror, be terrified”), gɔ̀rsiṇɔ (“to be bristly, spiny (e.g., as pig or porcupine)”), Deogārī gɔrsiɔṇɔ (“to get terribly frightened (with body hair standing upright)”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "garšim",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xcl-conj-իմ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշել",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիլ (garšel, garšil*)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցեալ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեալ",
      "roman": "garšecʻeal, garšeal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցուցանեմ",
      "roman": "garšecʻucʻanem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեց-",
      "roman": "garšecʻ-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիմ",
      "roman": "garšim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիս",
      "roman": "garšis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշի",
      "roman": "garši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիմք",
      "roman": "garšimkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիք",
      "roman": "garšikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշին",
      "roman": "garšin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշէի",
      "roman": "garšēi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշէիր",
      "roman": "garšēir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշէր",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիւր",
      "roman": "garšēr, garšiwr",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշէաք",
      "roman": "garšēakʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշէիք",
      "roman": "garšēikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշէին",
      "roman": "garšēin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցայ",
      "roman": "garšecʻay",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցար",
      "roman": "garšecʻar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցաւ",
      "roman": "garšecʻaw",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցաք",
      "roman": "garšecʻakʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցայք",
      "roman": "garšecʻaykʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցան",
      "roman": "garšecʻan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիցիմ",
      "roman": "garšicʻim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիցիս",
      "roman": "garšicʻis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիցի",
      "roman": "garšicʻi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիցիմք",
      "roman": "garšicʻimkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիցիք",
      "roman": "garšicʻikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշիցին",
      "roman": "garšicʻin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցայց",
      "roman": "garšecʻaycʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսցիս",
      "roman": "garšescʻis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսցի",
      "roman": "garšescʻi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսցուք",
      "roman": "garšescʻukʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսջիք",
      "roman": "garšesǰikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսցին",
      "roman": "garšescʻin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեա՛ց",
      "roman": "garšeácʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեցարո՛ւք",
      "roman": "garšecʻarúkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսջի՛ր",
      "roman": "garšesǰír",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "cohortative",
        "imperative",
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "գարշեսջի՛ք",
      "roman": "garšesǰíkʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "cohortative",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "մի՛ գարշիր",
      "roman": "mí garšir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "prohibitive",
        "rare",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "մի՛ գարշիք",
      "roman": "mí garšikʻ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "prohibitive",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "գարշիմ • (garšim)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "գարշիմ • (garšim)",
      "name": "xcl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "գարշ",
        "caus": "on"
      },
      "name": "xcl-conj-իմ"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "aorstem": "գարշեց",
        "caus": "գարշեցուցանեմ",
        "cohort1": "գարշեսջի՛ր",
        "cohort2": "գարշեսջի՛ք",
        "imp1": "գարշեա՛ց",
        "imp2": "գարշեցարո՛ւք",
        "indaor1": "գարշեցայ",
        "indaor2": "գարշեցար",
        "indaor3": "գարշեցաւ",
        "indaor4": "գարշեցաք",
        "indaor5": "գարշեցայք",
        "indaor6": "գարշեցան",
        "indimp1": "գարշէի",
        "indimp2": "գարշէիր",
        "indimp3": "գարշէր, գարշիւր",
        "indimp4": "գարշէաք",
        "indimp5": "գարշէիք",
        "indimp6": "գարշէին",
        "indpr1": "գարշիմ",
        "indpr2": "գարշիս",
        "indpr3": "գարշի",
        "indpr4": "գարշիմք",
        "indpr5": "գարշիք",
        "indpr6": "գարշին",
        "inf": "գարշել, գարշիլ*",
        "note": "*post-classical",
        "part": "գարշեցեալ, գարշեալ",
        "prohib1": "մի՛ գարշիր",
        "prohib2": "մի՛ գարշիք",
        "subjaor1": "գարշեցայց",
        "subjaor2": "գարշեսցիս",
        "subjaor3": "գարշեսցի",
        "subjaor4": "գարշեսցուք",
        "subjaor5": "գարշեսջիք",
        "subjaor6": "գարշեսցին",
        "subjpr1": "գարշիցիմ",
        "subjpr2": "գարշիցիս",
        "subjpr3": "գարշիցի",
        "subjpr4": "գարշիցիմք",
        "subjpr5": "գարշիցիք",
        "subjpr6": "գարշիցին",
        "title": "mediopassive"
      },
      "name": "xcl-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "jaṙ",
      "word": "ձառ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Armenian intransitive verbs",
        "Old Armenian lemmas",
        "Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Old Armenian terms borrowed from Middle Iranian languages",
        "Old Armenian terms derived from Middle Iranian languages",
        "Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
        "Old Armenian verbs",
        "Undetermined language links"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to abominate, to loathe, to be disgusted"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "abominate",
          "abominate"
        ],
        [
          "loathe",
          "loathe"
        ],
        [
          "disgusted",
          "disgusted"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to abominate, to loathe, to be disgusted"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Bangani"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "garšem",
      "word": "գարշեմ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "գարշիմ"
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2530",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old Armenian]; cleaned text: *post-classical, style: background:#DEDEDE////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
  "path": [
    "գարշիմ"
  ],
  "section": "Old Armenian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "գարշիմ",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.