See тума on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "urj-mdv-pro",
"3": "*tumə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *tumə",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*tamme"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *tamme",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "тумо"
},
"expansion": "Erzya тумо (tumo)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *tumə, from Proto-Uralic *tamme. Cognates include Erzya тумо (tumo).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ту́ма",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "túma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "small",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "тума",
"roman": "tuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тумат",
"roman": "tumat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тумань",
"roman": "tumań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "туманди",
"roman": "tumandi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумашка",
"roman": "tumaška",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумада",
"roman": "tumada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумав",
"roman": "tumav",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"lative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумас",
"roman": "tumas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумаса",
"roman": "tumasa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "тумаста",
"roman": "tumasta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумава",
"roman": "tumava",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prolative"
]
},
{
"form": "туманкса",
"roman": "tumanksa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумакс",
"roman": "tumaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумафтома",
"roman": "tumaftoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "тумась",
"roman": "tumaś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "туматне",
"roman": "tumatne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тумать",
"roman": "tumať",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "туматнень",
"roman": "tumatneń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тумати",
"roman": "tumati",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "туматненди",
"roman": "tumatnendi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "noun",
"head": "ту́ма"
},
"expansion": "ту́ма • (túma)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ту́ма"
},
"expansion": "ту́ма • (túma)",
"name": "mdf-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ту‧ма"
],
"lang": "Moksha",
"lang_code": "mdf",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Moksha entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mdf",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "mdf:Botany",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mdf",
"name": "Trees",
"orig": "mdf:Trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tumoń",
"word": "тумонь"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oak (Quercus)"
],
"id": "en-тума-mdf-noun-a524NnD3",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"oak",
"oak"
],
[
"Quercus",
"Quercus#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) oak (Quercus)"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtuma/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uma"
}
],
"word": "тума"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "tuma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ysr",
"2": "noun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "тума (tuma)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "тума (tuma)",
"name": "ysr-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "ysr",
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
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},
{
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"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sirenik entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trail"
],
"id": "en-тума-ysr-noun-iXq7sXjV",
"links": [
[
"trail",
"trail"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sirenik entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"road"
],
"id": "en-тума-ysr-noun-NiooSVLT",
"links": [
[
"road",
"road"
]
]
}
],
"word": "тума"
}
{
"etymology_text": "Unknown.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tuma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "noun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "тума • (tuma)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "тума • (tuma)",
"name": "sah-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Yakut",
"lang_code": "sah",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
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{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yakut entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sah",
"name": "Spices",
"orig": "sah:Spices",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spice"
],
"id": "en-тума-sah-noun-WOmJlV9L",
"links": [
[
"spice",
"spice"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"sah:тума"
]
}
],
"word": "тума"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tumoń",
"word": "тумонь"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "urj-mdv-pro",
"3": "*tumə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *tumə",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*tamme"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *tamme",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "тумо"
},
"expansion": "Erzya тумо (tumo)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *tumə, from Proto-Uralic *tamme. Cognates include Erzya тумо (tumo).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ту́ма",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "túma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "small",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "тума",
"roman": "tuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тумат",
"roman": "tumat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тумань",
"roman": "tumań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "туманди",
"roman": "tumandi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумашка",
"roman": "tumaška",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумада",
"roman": "tumada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумав",
"roman": "tumav",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"lative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумас",
"roman": "tumas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумаса",
"roman": "tumasa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "тумаста",
"roman": "tumasta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумава",
"roman": "tumava",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prolative"
]
},
{
"form": "туманкса",
"roman": "tumanksa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумакс",
"roman": "tumaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "тумафтома",
"roman": "tumaftoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "тумась",
"roman": "tumaś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "туматне",
"roman": "tumatne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тумать",
"roman": "tumať",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "туматнень",
"roman": "tumatneń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тумати",
"roman": "tumati",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "туматненди",
"roman": "tumatnendi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "noun",
"head": "ту́ма"
},
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"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
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],
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"Moksha lemmas",
"Moksha nouns",
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"Moksha terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Moksha terms inherited from Proto-Mordvinic",
"Moksha terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Moksha/uma",
"Rhymes:Moksha/uma/2 syllables",
"mdf:Botany",
"mdf:Trees"
],
"glosses": [
"oak (Quercus)"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"oak",
"oak"
],
[
"Quercus",
"Quercus#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) oak (Quercus)"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtuma/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uma"
}
],
"word": "тума"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Sirenik entries with incorrect language header",
"Sirenik lemmas",
"Sirenik nouns"
],
"forms": [
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"form": "tuma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
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{
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"1": "ysr",
"2": "noun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "тума (tuma)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "тума (tuma)",
"name": "ysr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Sirenik",
"lang_code": "ysr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"trail"
],
"links": [
[
"trail",
"trail"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"road"
],
"links": [
[
"road",
"road"
]
]
}
],
"word": "тума"
}
{
"etymology_text": "Unknown.",
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{
"form": "tuma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "noun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "тума • (tuma)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "тума • (tuma)",
"name": "sah-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Yakut",
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"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Yakut entries with incorrect language header",
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],
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"spice"
],
"links": [
[
"spice",
"spice"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"sah:тума"
]
}
],
"word": "тума"
}
Download raw JSONL data for тума meaning in All languages combined (4.9kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"тума"
],
"section": "Moksha",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "тума",
"trace": "started on line 132, detected on line 132"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"тума"
],
"section": "Moksha",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "тума",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.