See пред on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for пред meaning in All languages combined (9.3kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "пре",
"3": "-д",
"qq1": "obsolete",
"t1": "afore"
},
"expansion": "пре (pre, “afore”) (obsolete) + -д (-d)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *perdъ. Equivalent to пре (pre, “afore”) (obsolete) + -д (-d).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "пред • (pred)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian terms suffixed with -д",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the dog is in front of the box",
"roman": "kúčeto e pred kutíjata",
"text": "ку́чето е пред кути́ята",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in front of, before"
],
"id": "en-пред-bg-prep-jwtcZiHA",
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[prɛt]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt"
}
],
"word": "пред"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *perdъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "пред • (pred)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 42 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Before your mother's death, we lived in the countryside.",
"roman": "Pred smrtta na majka ti, živeevme na selo.",
"text": "Пред смртта на мајка ти, живеевме на село.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before"
],
"id": "en-пред-mk-prep-bbfYA-dP",
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 42 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We moved in two years ago.",
"roman": "Se vselivme pred dve godini.",
"text": "Се вселивме пред две години.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ago"
],
"id": "en-пред-mk-prep-HY4I~WMm",
"links": [
[
"ago",
"ago"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 42 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "There is a truck in front of the entrance to the garage.",
"roman": "Ima kamion pred vlezot od garažata.",
"text": "Има камион пред влезот од гаражата.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in front of"
],
"id": "en-пред-mk-prep-TY7IuR1u",
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[prɛt]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt"
}
],
"word": "пред"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "cu",
"3": "прѣдъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic прѣдъ (prědŭ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "cu",
"3": "прѣдъ"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic прѣдъ (prědŭ)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пе́ред"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of пе́ред (péred)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic прѣдъ (prědŭ). Doublet of пе́ред (péred), the inherited East Slavic form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "пред • (pred)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in front of, before (+ instrumental case)"
],
"id": "en-пред-ru-prep-hnaQXTeg",
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"instrumental case",
"instrumental case"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary) in front of, before (+ instrumental case)"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "pred-",
"word": "пред-"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "перед"
},
{
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "prédo",
"word": "пре́до"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[prʲɪt]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-пред.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/Ru-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Ru-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Ru-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "пред"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *perdъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пре̏д",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "prȅd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "пре̏д"
},
"expansion": "пре̏д (Latin spelling prȅd)",
"name": "sh-preposition"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sit in front of me.",
"text": "C(ј)едни преда ме.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in front of, to the front of (with change of position, answering the question ку̀да) [+accusative]",
"in front of, to the front of (with change of position, answering the question ку̀да)"
],
"id": "en-пред-sh-prep-I4qFIHGh",
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"ку̀да",
"куда#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"in front of, to the front of (with change of position, answering the question ку̀да) [+accusative]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "just before the war",
"text": "пред рат",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"just before, shortly before (of occurrence, answering the question ка̏д) [+accusative]",
"just before, shortly before (of occurrence, answering the question ка̏д)"
],
"id": "en-пред-sh-prep-gbCp4a7d",
"links": [
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"shortly",
"shortly"
],
[
"ка̏д",
"кад#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"just before, shortly before (of occurrence, answering the question ка̏д) [+accusative]"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I'm sitting in front of the house.",
"text": "С(ј)едим пред кућом.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before, in front of (without change of position, answering the question гдје̏/где̏) [+instrumental]",
"before, in front of (without change of position, answering the question гдје̏/где̏)"
],
"id": "en-пред-sh-prep-E3rdAbyK",
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"гдје̏",
"гдје#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"где̏",
"где#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"before, in front of (without change of position, answering the question гдје̏/где̏) [+instrumental]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 19 6 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 23 20 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(+ instrumental case) in face of, facing"
],
"id": "en-пред-sh-prep-6Io0deEF",
"links": [
[
"instrumental case",
"instrumental case"
],
[
"in face of",
"in face of"
],
[
"facing",
"facing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) (+ instrumental case) in face of, facing"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/prêd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "пре̏да"
}
],
"word": "пред"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "пре",
"3": "-д",
"qq1": "obsolete",
"t1": "afore"
},
"expansion": "пре (pre, “afore”) (obsolete) + -д (-d)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *perdъ. Equivalent to пре (pre, “afore”) (obsolete) + -д (-d).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "пред • (pred)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian prepositions",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms suffixed with -д",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples",
"Rhymes:Bulgarian/ɛt",
"Rhymes:Bulgarian/ɛt/1 syllable"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the dog is in front of the box",
"roman": "kúčeto e pred kutíjata",
"text": "ку́чето е пред кути́ята",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in front of, before"
],
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[prɛt]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt"
}
],
"word": "пред"
}
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian 1-syllable words",
"Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Macedonian lemmas",
"Macedonian oxytone terms",
"Macedonian prepositions",
"Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Macedonian/ɛt",
"Rhymes:Macedonian/ɛt/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *perdъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "пред • (pred)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Before your mother's death, we lived in the countryside.",
"roman": "Pred smrtta na majka ti, živeevme na selo.",
"text": "Пред смртта на мајка ти, живеевме на село.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before"
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We moved in two years ago.",
"roman": "Se vselivme pred dve godini.",
"text": "Се вселивме пред две години.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ago"
],
"links": [
[
"ago",
"ago"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "There is a truck in front of the entrance to the garage.",
"roman": "Ima kamion pred vlezot od garažata.",
"text": "Има камион пред влезот од гаражата.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in front of"
],
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[prɛt]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt"
}
],
"word": "пред"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "cu",
"3": "прѣдъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic прѣдъ (prědŭ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "cu",
"3": "прѣдъ"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic прѣдъ (prědŭ)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пе́ред"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of пе́ред (péred)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic прѣдъ (prědŭ). Doublet of пе́ред (péred), the inherited East Slavic form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "пред • (pred)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "prep",
"related": [
{
"roman": "pred-",
"word": "пред-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian doublets",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian literary terms",
"Russian prepositions",
"Russian terms borrowed from Old Church Slavonic",
"Russian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with archaic senses",
"Russian terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"in front of, before (+ instrumental case)"
],
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"instrumental case",
"instrumental case"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary) in front of, before (+ instrumental case)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "перед"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[prʲɪt]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-пред.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/Ru-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Ru-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Ru-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "prédo",
"word": "пре́до"
}
],
"word": "пред"
}
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian prepositions",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *perdъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пре̏д",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "prȅd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "пре̏д"
},
"expansion": "пре̏д (Latin spelling prȅd)",
"name": "sh-preposition"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sit in front of me.",
"text": "C(ј)едни преда ме.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in front of, to the front of (with change of position, answering the question ку̀да) [+accusative]",
"in front of, to the front of (with change of position, answering the question ку̀да)"
],
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"ку̀да",
"куда#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"in front of, to the front of (with change of position, answering the question ку̀да) [+accusative]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "just before the war",
"text": "пред рат",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"just before, shortly before (of occurrence, answering the question ка̏д) [+accusative]",
"just before, shortly before (of occurrence, answering the question ка̏д)"
],
"links": [
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"shortly",
"shortly"
],
[
"ка̏д",
"кад#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"just before, shortly before (of occurrence, answering the question ка̏д) [+accusative]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I'm sitting in front of the house.",
"text": "С(ј)едим пред кућом.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before, in front of (without change of position, answering the question гдје̏/где̏) [+instrumental]",
"before, in front of (without change of position, answering the question гдје̏/где̏)"
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"гдје̏",
"гдје#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"где̏",
"где#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"before, in front of (without change of position, answering the question гдје̏/где̏) [+instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"(+ instrumental case) in face of, facing"
],
"links": [
[
"instrumental case",
"instrumental case"
],
[
"in face of",
"in face of"
],
[
"facing",
"facing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) (+ instrumental case) in face of, facing"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/prêd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "пре̏да"
}
],
"word": "пред"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.