See перед on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "operedítʹ",
"word": "опереди́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "péred tem kak",
"word": "пе́ред тем как"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пред"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of пред (pred)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ), from Proto-Slavic *perdъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per-, whence also пере- (pere-), перез (perez). Doublet of пред (pred), a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "péred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "preposition",
"head": "пе́ред"
},
"expansion": "пе́ред • (péred)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 27 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 25 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 43 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in front of, before"
],
"id": "en-перед-ru-prep-jwtcZiHA",
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 27 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 25 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"right/immediately before"
],
"id": "en-перед-ru-prep-VUhieCal",
"links": [
[
"right",
"right"
],
[
"immediately",
"immediately"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʲerʲɪt]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-перед.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pred",
"word": "пред"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "predo",
"word": "предо"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "péred",
"word": "пе́редъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "péredo",
"word": "пе́редо"
}
],
"word": "перед"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пред"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of пред (pred)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ), from Proto-Slavic *perdъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per-, whence also пере- (pere-), перез (perez). Doublet of пред (pred), a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "péred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реда",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "передо́в",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"roman": "péred",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́",
"roman": "peredá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"irregular",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реда",
"roman": "péreda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "передо́в",
"roman": "peredóv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реду",
"roman": "péredu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́м",
"roman": "peredám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"roman": "péred",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́",
"roman": "peredá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редом",
"roman": "péredom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́ми",
"roman": "peredámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реде",
"roman": "pérede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́х",
"roman": "peredáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "пе́ред",
"3": "(1)"
},
"expansion": "пе́ред • (péred) m inan (genitive пе́реда, nominative plural переда́, genitive plural передо́в)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "зад"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 8 10 0 9 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 6 7 0 6 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 15 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 21 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 27 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 25 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"front, forepart"
],
"id": "en-перед-ru-noun-5pqR8pdz",
"links": [
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"forepart",
"forepart"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "perédnij",
"word": "пере́дний"
},
{
"roman": "perédnik",
"word": "пере́дник"
},
{
"roman": "peredovój",
"word": "передово́й"
},
{
"roman": "peredók",
"word": "передо́к"
},
{
"roman": "perjód",
"word": "перёд"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʲerʲɪt]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-перед.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "péred",
"word": "пе́редъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "péredo",
"word": "пе́редо"
}
],
"word": "перед"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ), from Proto-Slavic *perdъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "péred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "preposition",
"head": "пе́ред"
},
"expansion": "пе́ред • (péred)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"пе‧ред"
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 31 31 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 26 27 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "just before morning, at daybreak",
"roman": "péred ránkom",
"text": "пе́ред ра́нком",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"just before, in front of (expressing position in space or time) (+ instrumental)"
],
"id": "en-перед-uk-prep-Q05g170y",
"links": [
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 31 31 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 26 27 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"just before, in front of (expressing motion towards) (+ accusative)"
],
"id": "en-перед-uk-prep-TA1pog0v",
"links": [
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 31 31 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 26 27 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 25 27 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with multiple stems",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 26 27 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "three weeks ago",
"roman": "péred trʹomá týžnjamy",
"text": "пе́ред трьома́ ти́жнями",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ago (+ instrumental)"
],
"id": "en-перед-uk-prep-LiuH49XC",
"links": [
[
"ago",
"ago"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛred]"
},
{
"ipa": "[peˈrɛd]"
},
{
"audio": "Uk-перед.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Uk-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Uk-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Uk-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "39 36 25 0",
"roman": "péredi",
"sense": "preposition",
"word": "пе́реді"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 36 25 0",
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "péredo",
"sense": "preposition",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "пе́редо"
}
],
"word": "перед"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ), from Proto-Slavic *perdъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́д",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "péred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "peréd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реду",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ду",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реди",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ди",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редів",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дів",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дній",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"roman": "péred",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́д",
"roman": "peréd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реди",
"roman": "péredy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ди",
"roman": "perédy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реду",
"roman": "péredu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ду",
"roman": "perédu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редів",
"roman": "pérediv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дів",
"roman": "perédiv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редові",
"roman": "péredovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реду",
"roman": "péredu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дові",
"roman": "perédovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ду",
"roman": "perédu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редам",
"roman": "péredam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дам",
"roman": "perédam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"roman": "péred",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́д",
"roman": "peréd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реди",
"roman": "péredy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ди",
"roman": "perédy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редом",
"roman": "péredom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дом",
"roman": "perédom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редами",
"roman": "péredamy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дами",
"roman": "perédamy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реду",
"roman": "péredu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реді",
"roman": "péredi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ду",
"roman": "perédu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ді",
"roman": "perédi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редах",
"roman": "péredax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дах",
"roman": "perédax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реде",
"roman": "pérede",
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"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́де",
"roman": "peréde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реди",
"roman": "péredy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ди",
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"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "((пе́ред<genu>,пере́д<genu>))",
"adj": "пере́дній"
},
"expansion": "пе́ред or пере́д • (péred or peréd) m inan (genitive пе́реду or пере́ду, nominative plural пе́реди or пере́ди, genitive plural пе́редів or пере́дів, relational adjective пере́дній)",
"name": "uk-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"пе‧ред"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((пе́ред<genu.locu:i>,пере́д<genu.locu:i>))"
},
"name": "uk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 26 27 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"front, front part"
],
"id": "en-перед-uk-noun-XQqHITHF",
"links": [
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"part",
"part"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛred]"
},
{
"ipa": "[peˈrɛd]"
},
{
"audio": "Uk-перед.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Uk-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Uk-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Uk-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "39 36 25 0",
"roman": "péredi",
"sense": "preposition",
"word": "пе́реді"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 36 25 0",
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "péredo",
"sense": "preposition",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "пе́редо"
}
],
"word": "перед"
}
{
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"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian doublets",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-c nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian irregular nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"Russian prepositions",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "operedítʹ",
"word": "опереди́ть"
},
{
"roman": "péred tem kak",
"word": "пе́ред тем как"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ"
},
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"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пред"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of пред (pred)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ), from Proto-Slavic *perdъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per-, whence also пере- (pere-), перез (perez). Doublet of пред (pred), a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "péred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "preposition",
"head": "пе́ред"
},
"expansion": "пе́ред • (péred)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "prep",
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{
"glosses": [
"in front of, before"
],
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"right/immediately before"
],
"links": [
[
"right",
"right"
],
[
"immediately",
"immediately"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʲerʲɪt]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-перед.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg"
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "pred",
"word": "пред"
},
{
"roman": "predo",
"word": "предо"
},
{
"roman": "péred",
"word": "пе́редъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
},
{
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "péredo",
"word": "пе́редо"
}
],
"word": "перед"
}
{
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"Pages with entries",
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian doublets",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-c nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian irregular nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"Russian prepositions",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пред"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of пред (pred)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ), from Proto-Slavic *perdъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per-, whence also пере- (pere-), перез (perez). Doublet of пред (pred), a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "péred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реда",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "передо́в",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"roman": "péred",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́",
"roman": "peredá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"irregular",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реда",
"roman": "péreda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "передо́в",
"roman": "peredóv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реду",
"roman": "péredu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́м",
"roman": "peredám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"roman": "péred",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́",
"roman": "peredá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редом",
"roman": "péredom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́ми",
"roman": "peredámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реде",
"roman": "pérede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́х",
"roman": "peredáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "пе́ред",
"3": "(1)"
},
"expansion": "пе́ред • (péred) m inan (genitive пе́реда, nominative plural переда́, genitive plural передо́в)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "perédnij",
"word": "пере́дний"
},
{
"roman": "perédnik",
"word": "пере́дник"
},
{
"roman": "peredovój",
"word": "передово́й"
},
{
"roman": "peredók",
"word": "передо́к"
},
{
"roman": "perjód",
"word": "перёд"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "зад"
}
],
"glosses": [
"front, forepart"
],
"links": [
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"forepart",
"forepart"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʲerʲɪt]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-перед.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg"
}
],
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{
"roman": "péred",
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},
{
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "péredo",
"word": "пе́редо"
}
],
"word": "перед"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ukrainian hard masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Ukrainian hard masculine-form nouns",
"Ukrainian inanimate nouns",
"Ukrainian lemmas",
"Ukrainian masculine nouns",
"Ukrainian nouns",
"Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Ukrainian nouns with multiple stems",
"Ukrainian prepositions",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ), from Proto-Slavic *perdъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "péred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "preposition",
"head": "пе́ред"
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"name": "head"
}
],
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"пе‧ред"
],
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"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "prep",
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{
"categories": [
"Ukrainian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "just before morning, at daybreak",
"roman": "péred ránkom",
"text": "пе́ред ра́нком",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"just before, in front of (expressing position in space or time) (+ instrumental)"
],
"links": [
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ukrainian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "three weeks ago",
"roman": "péred trʹomá týžnjamy",
"text": "пе́ред трьома́ ти́жнями",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ago (+ instrumental)"
],
"links": [
[
"ago",
"ago"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛred]"
},
{
"ipa": "[peˈrɛd]"
},
{
"audio": "Uk-перед.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Uk-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Uk-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
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],
"synonyms": [
{
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"sense": "preposition",
"word": "пе́реді"
},
{
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "péredo",
"sense": "preposition",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "пе́редо"
}
],
"word": "перед"
}
{
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"Pages with entries",
"Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ukrainian hard masculine-form accent-a nouns",
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"Ukrainian lemmas",
"Ukrainian masculine nouns",
"Ukrainian nouns",
"Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Ukrainian nouns with multiple stems",
"Ukrainian prepositions",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation"
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{
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"3": "передъ"
},
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},
{
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"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
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"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ), from Proto-Slavic *perdъ.",
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{
"form": "пе́ред",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "пере́д",
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"canonical"
]
},
{
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]
},
{
"form": "peréd",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "пе́реду",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ду",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реди",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ди",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редів",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дів",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дній",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"roman": "péred",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́д",
"roman": "peréd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реди",
"roman": "péredy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ди",
"roman": "perédy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реду",
"roman": "péredu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ду",
"roman": "perédu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редів",
"roman": "pérediv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дів",
"roman": "perédiv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редові",
"roman": "péredovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реду",
"roman": "péredu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дові",
"roman": "perédovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ду",
"roman": "perédu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редам",
"roman": "péredam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дам",
"roman": "perédam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"roman": "péred",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́д",
"roman": "peréd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реди",
"roman": "péredy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ди",
"roman": "perédy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редом",
"roman": "péredom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дом",
"roman": "perédom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редами",
"roman": "péredamy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дами",
"roman": "perédamy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реду",
"roman": "péredu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реді",
"roman": "péredi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ду",
"roman": "perédu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ді",
"roman": "perédi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редах",
"roman": "péredax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́дах",
"roman": "perédax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реде",
"roman": "pérede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́де",
"roman": "peréde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реди",
"roman": "péredy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "пере́ди",
"roman": "perédy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((пе́ред<genu>,пере́д<genu>))",
"adj": "пере́дній"
},
"expansion": "пе́ред or пере́д • (péred or peréd) m inan (genitive пе́реду or пере́ду, nominative plural пе́реди or пере́ди, genitive plural пе́редів or пере́дів, relational adjective пере́дній)",
"name": "uk-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"пе‧ред"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((пе́ред<genu.locu:i>,пере́д<genu.locu:i>))"
},
"name": "uk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"front, front part"
],
"links": [
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"part",
"part"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛred]"
},
{
"ipa": "[peˈrɛd]"
},
{
"audio": "Uk-перед.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Uk-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Uk-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Uk-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "péredi",
"sense": "preposition",
"word": "пе́реді"
},
{
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "péredo",
"sense": "preposition",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "пе́редо"
}
],
"word": "перед"
}
Download raw JSONL data for перед meaning in All languages combined (17.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.