See мъка on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "mǎkúvam",
"tags": [
"iterative"
],
"word": "мъку́вам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "mǎ́ča",
"word": "мъ́ча"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "mǎkotá",
"tags": [
"abstract-noun"
],
"word": "мъкота́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "mǎ́čica",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "мъ́чица"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "mǎčniná",
"tags": [
"abstract-noun"
],
"word": "мъчнина́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "mǎčnotá",
"tags": [
"abstract-noun"
],
"word": "мъчнота́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "mǎ́čen",
"word": "мъ́чен"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "mǎčnovát",
"word": "мъчнова́т"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*mǫka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "abstract noun",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *mǫka (abstract noun)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*mǫka",
"pos": "abstract noun"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka (abstract noun)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka (abstract noun), originally meaning “pressure, stress”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "мъ́ка",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "mǎ́ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "мъ́ка",
"roman": "mǎ́ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "мъ́ки",
"roman": "mǎ́ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "мъ́ката",
"roman": "mǎ́kata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "мъ́ките",
"roman": "mǎ́kite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "мъ́ка",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "мъ́ка • (mǎ́ka) f",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "мъ́ка<>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "flour; Russian borrowing",
"roman": "muká",
"word": "мука́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "flour crate",
"roman": "mǎ́čnik",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "мъ́чник"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 35 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 35 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 28 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to do something with a struggle",
"roman": "s mǎka vǎrša nešto",
"text": "с мъка върша нещо",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "with great difficulty (literally, “with three hundred efforts”)",
"roman": "s trista mǎki",
"text": "с триста мъки (idiom)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trouble, hardship, struggle, laborious effort (experience)"
],
"id": "en-мъка-bg-noun-gWJXyBPN",
"links": [
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
],
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
],
[
"laborious",
"laborious"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 35 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "throes of creation",
"roman": "tvorčeska mǎka",
"text": "творческа мъка",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "pangs of childbirth",
"roman": "rodilni mǎki",
"text": "родилни мъки",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"throe, agony, anguish, suffering (feeling, sensation)"
],
"id": "en-мъка-bg-noun-O8axFUKs",
"links": [
[
"throe",
"throe"
],
[
"agony",
"agony"
],
[
"anguish",
"anguish"
],
[
"suffering",
"suffering"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 35 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to feel/experience sadness (literally, “there is stress/hardship onto s.o.”)",
"roman": "njakomu e mǎka",
"text": "някому е мъка",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sadness, sorrow, depression"
],
"id": "en-мъка-bg-noun-aaGB9w4F",
"links": [
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) sadness, sorrow, depression"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈmɤkɐ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "máka",
"word": "ма́ка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "múka",
"word": "му́ка — with dialectal reflexes of Proto-Slavic *-ǫ-"
}
],
"word": "мъка"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian feminine nouns",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian nouns",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "mǎkúvam",
"tags": [
"iterative"
],
"word": "мъку́вам"
},
{
"roman": "mǎ́ča",
"word": "мъ́ча"
},
{
"roman": "mǎkotá",
"tags": [
"abstract-noun"
],
"word": "мъкота́"
},
{
"roman": "mǎ́čica",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "мъ́чица"
},
{
"roman": "mǎčniná",
"tags": [
"abstract-noun"
],
"word": "мъчнина́"
},
{
"roman": "mǎčnotá",
"tags": [
"abstract-noun"
],
"word": "мъчнота́"
},
{
"roman": "mǎ́čen",
"word": "мъ́чен"
},
{
"roman": "mǎčnovát",
"word": "мъчнова́т"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*mǫka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "abstract noun",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *mǫka (abstract noun)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*mǫka",
"pos": "abstract noun"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka (abstract noun)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka (abstract noun), originally meaning “pressure, stress”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "мъ́ка",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "mǎ́ka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "мъ́ка",
"roman": "mǎ́ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "мъ́ки",
"roman": "mǎ́ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "мъ́ката",
"roman": "mǎ́kata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "мъ́ките",
"roman": "mǎ́kite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "мъ́ка",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "мъ́ка • (mǎ́ka) f",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "мъ́ка<>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "flour; Russian borrowing",
"roman": "muká",
"word": "мука́"
},
{
"english": "flour crate",
"roman": "mǎ́čnik",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "мъ́чник"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to do something with a struggle",
"roman": "s mǎka vǎrša nešto",
"text": "с мъка върша нещо",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "with great difficulty (literally, “with three hundred efforts”)",
"roman": "s trista mǎki",
"text": "с триста мъки (idiom)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trouble, hardship, struggle, laborious effort (experience)"
],
"links": [
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
],
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
],
[
"laborious",
"laborious"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "throes of creation",
"roman": "tvorčeska mǎka",
"text": "творческа мъка",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "pangs of childbirth",
"roman": "rodilni mǎki",
"text": "родилни мъки",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"throe, agony, anguish, suffering (feeling, sensation)"
],
"links": [
[
"throe",
"throe"
],
[
"agony",
"agony"
],
[
"anguish",
"anguish"
],
[
"suffering",
"suffering"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to feel/experience sadness (literally, “there is stress/hardship onto s.o.”)",
"roman": "njakomu e mǎka",
"text": "някому е мъка",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sadness, sorrow, depression"
],
"links": [
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) sadness, sorrow, depression"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈmɤkɐ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "máka",
"word": "ма́ка"
},
{
"roman": "múka",
"word": "му́ка — with dialectal reflexes of Proto-Slavic *-ǫ-"
}
],
"word": "мъка"
}
Download raw JSONL data for мъка meaning in All languages combined (4.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.