"χρή" meaning in All languages combined

See χρή on Wiktionary

Verb [Ancient Greek]

IPA: /kʰrɛ̌ː/, /xri/, /xri/, /kʰrɛ̌ː/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /kʰre̝/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /xri/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /xri/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /xri/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan) Forms: khrḗ [romanization]
Etymology: Apparently from a Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-, *ǵʰreh₁- (“to desire, need”), with relation to other roots uncertain. Traditional theories connecting the root to Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to yearn”) (whence χαίρω (khaírō, “to be cheerful”)) or to Sanskrit हरति (hárati, “to bring, carry”) (which itself is of disputed origin, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”) according to de Vaan) are deemed unconvincing by Beekes. Originally probably a neuter noun in plural, but used always as a verbal expression by omission of copula ἐστί or "crasis" of χρὴ with it. Etymology templates: {{root|grc|ine-pro|*gʰer-|id=yearn}}, {{der|grc|ine-pro||*gʰreh₁-}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-, {{cog|ine-pro|*gʰer-|t=to yearn}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to yearn”), {{cog|sa|हरति|t=to bring, carry|tr=hárati}} Sanskrit हरति (hárati, “to bring, carry”), {{cog|ine-pro|*ǵʰer-|t=to enclose}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”) Head templates: {{head|grc|verb}} χρή • (khrḗ)
  1. (impersonal, expressing necessity) have to, ought, should (with accusative of person and present or aorist infinitive) Tags: impersonal Related terms: χράομαι (khráomai), χράω (khráō), χρέος (khréos), χρεία (khreía), χρῄζω (khrḗizō), χρῆμα (khrêma), χρήσιμος (khrḗsimos), ἄχρηστος (ákhrēstos)

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰer-",
        "id": "yearn"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*gʰreh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*gʰer-",
        "t": "to yearn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to yearn”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हरति",
        "t": "to bring, carry",
        "tr": "hárati"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit हरति (hárati, “to bring, carry”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ǵʰer-",
        "t": "to enclose"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Apparently from a Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-, *ǵʰreh₁- (“to desire, need”), with relation to other roots uncertain. Traditional theories connecting the root to Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to yearn”) (whence χαίρω (khaírō, “to be cheerful”)) or to Sanskrit हरति (hárati, “to bring, carry”) (which itself is of disputed origin, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”) according to de Vaan) are deemed unconvincing by Beekes.\nOriginally probably a neuter noun in plural, but used always as a verbal expression by omission of copula ἐστί or \"crasis\" of χρὴ with it.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "khrḗ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "χρή • (khrḗ)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "have to, ought, should (with accusative of person and present or aorist infinitive)"
      ],
      "id": "en-χρή-grc-verb-BZAPdN4b",
      "links": [
        [
          "have to",
          "have to"
        ],
        [
          "ought",
          "ought"
        ],
        [
          "should",
          "should"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "expressing necessity",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(impersonal, expressing necessity) have to, ought, should (with accusative of person and present or aorist infinitive)"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "khráomai",
          "word": "χράομαι"
        },
        {
          "roman": "khráō",
          "word": "χράω"
        },
        {
          "roman": "khréos",
          "word": "χρέος"
        },
        {
          "roman": "khreía",
          "word": "χρεία"
        },
        {
          "roman": "khrḗizō",
          "word": "χρῄζω"
        },
        {
          "roman": "khrêma",
          "word": "χρῆμα"
        },
        {
          "roman": "khrḗsimos",
          "word": "χρήσιμος"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ákhrēstos",
          "word": "ἄχρηστος"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "impersonal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰrɛ̌ː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xri/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xri/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰrɛ̌ː/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰre̝/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xri/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xri/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xri/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χρή"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰer-",
        "id": "yearn"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*gʰreh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*gʰer-",
        "t": "to yearn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to yearn”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हरति",
        "t": "to bring, carry",
        "tr": "hárati"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit हरति (hárati, “to bring, carry”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ǵʰer-",
        "t": "to enclose"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Apparently from a Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-, *ǵʰreh₁- (“to desire, need”), with relation to other roots uncertain. Traditional theories connecting the root to Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to yearn”) (whence χαίρω (khaírō, “to be cheerful”)) or to Sanskrit हरति (hárati, “to bring, carry”) (which itself is of disputed origin, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”) according to de Vaan) are deemed unconvincing by Beekes.\nOriginally probably a neuter noun in plural, but used always as a verbal expression by omission of copula ἐστί or \"crasis\" of χρὴ with it.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "khrḗ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "χρή • (khrḗ)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "khráomai",
      "word": "χράομαι"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khráō",
      "word": "χράω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khréos",
      "word": "χρέος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khreía",
      "word": "χρεία"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khrḗizō",
      "word": "χρῄζω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khrêma",
      "word": "χρῆμα"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khrḗsimos",
      "word": "χρήσιμος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ákhrēstos",
      "word": "ἄχρηστος"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek 1-syllable words",
        "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
        "Ancient Greek impersonal verbs",
        "Ancient Greek lemmas",
        "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰer- (yearn)",
        "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Ancient Greek verbs",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "have to, ought, should (with accusative of person and present or aorist infinitive)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "have to",
          "have to"
        ],
        [
          "ought",
          "ought"
        ],
        [
          "should",
          "should"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "expressing necessity",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(impersonal, expressing necessity) have to, ought, should (with accusative of person and present or aorist infinitive)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "impersonal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰrɛ̌ː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xri/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xri/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰrɛ̌ː/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰre̝/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xri/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xri/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xri/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χρή"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.