See μάχαιρα on Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "grc-koi", "2": "μαχαίριον", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Koine Greek: μαχαίριον (makhaírion)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "diminutive" }, "expansion": "(diminutive)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "⇒ Koine Greek: μαχαίριον (makhaírion) (diminutive)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "el", "2": "μαχαίρι", "3": "μαχαίρα", "gloss2": "large knife" }, "expansion": "Greek: μαχαίρι (machaíri), μαχαίρα (machaíra, “large knife”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Greek: μαχαίρι (machaíri), μαχαίρα (machaíra, “large knife”)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "el", "2": "μάχαιρα", "lbor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Greek: μάχαιρα (máchaira) (learned)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Greek: μάχαιρα (máchaira) (learned)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "machaera", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Latin: machaera", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Latin: machaera" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "Machairodus", "2": "genus" }, "expansion": "Machairodus", "name": "taxfmt" } ], "text": "Translingual: †Machairodus" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "qfa-sub", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "substrate", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "sem", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Semitic", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "he", "2": "מכרה", "t": "sword", "tr": "mᵉkērā" }, "expansion": "Hebrew מכרה (mᵉkērā, “sword”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "qsb-grc", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Pre-Greek", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "Controversial:\n* Traditionally linked to μάχομαι (mákhomai, “to fight”); compare μάχη (mákhē, “a battle, a strife”). Though formally without issues, Chantraine finds this implausible.\n* Others consider the word to be from a foreign or substrate source, though exact comparanda are disputed. Lewy considers the word as a Semitic borrowing; compare Hebrew מכרה (mᵉkērā, “sword”). However, Gordon considers the Hebrew to be borrowed from Greek, rather than the other way around.\n* Beekes prefers to link the word to μάγειρος (mágeiros, “cook”), taking the γ/χ interchange as evidence of Pre-Greek origin.", "forms": [ { "form": "mákhaira", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "μᾰχαίρας", "tags": [ "genitive" ] }, { "form": "Attic declension-1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "grc-decl", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "First declension", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "ἡ μάχαιρᾰ", "roman": "hē mákhaira", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "τὼ μαχαίρᾱ", "roman": "tṑ makhaírā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "αἱ μάχαιραι", "roman": "hai mákhairai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "τῆς μαχαίρᾱς", "roman": "tês makhaírās", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "τοῖν μαχαίραιν", "roman": "toîn makhaírain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "τῶν μαχαιρῶν", "roman": "tôn makhairôn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "τῇ μαχαίρᾳ", "roman": "têi makhaírāi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "τοῖν μαχαίραιν", "roman": "toîn makhaírain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "ταῖς μαχαίραις", "roman": "taîs makhaírais", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "τὴν μάχαιρᾰν", "roman": "tḕn mákhairan", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "τὼ μαχαίρᾱ", "roman": "tṑ makhaírā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "τᾱ̀ς μαχαίρᾱς", "roman": "tā̀s makhaírās", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "μάχαιρᾰ", "roman": "mákhaira", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "μαχαίρᾱ", "roman": "makhaírā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "μάχαιραι", "roman": "mákhairai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "μᾰχαίρας", "2": "f", "3": "first" }, "expansion": "μάχαιρα • (mákhaira) f (genitive μᾰχαίρας); first declension", "name": "grc-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "μάχαιρᾰ", "2": "ᾱς" }, "name": "grc-decl" } ], "lang": "Ancient Greek", "lang_code": "grc", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "grc", "name": "Swords", "orig": "grc:Swords", "parents": [ "Weapons", "Hunting", "Military", "Tools", "Human activity", "Society", "Technology", "Human behaviour", "All topics", "Human", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "89 9 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "91 8 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "derived": [ { "roman": "drepanomákhaira", "word": "δρεπανομάχαιρα" }, { "roman": "engastrimákhaira", "word": "ἐγγαστριμάχαιρα" }, { "roman": "makhairâs", "word": "μαχαιρᾶς" }, { "roman": "makhairodétēs", "word": "μαχαιροδέτης" }, { "roman": "makhairothḗkē", "word": "μαχαιροθήκη" }, { "roman": "makhairopoiós", "word": "μαχαιροποιός" }, { "roman": "makhairopṓlion", "word": "μαχαιροπώλιον" }, { "roman": "makhairourgós", "word": "μαχαιρουργός" }, { "roman": "makhairophóros", "word": "μαχαιροφόρος" }, { "roman": "makhairóphullon", "word": "μαχαιρόφυλλον" }, { "roman": "xiphomákhaira", "word": "ξιφομάχαιρα" } ], "glosses": [ "large knife, short sword, dirk, dagger" ], "id": "en-μάχαιρα-grc-noun-KfR0PkWM", "links": [ [ "knife", "knife" ], [ "short sword", "short sword" ], [ "dirk", "dirk" ], [ "dagger", "dagger" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/má.kʰai̯.ra/" }, { "ipa": "/ˈma.çɛ.ra/" }, { "ipa": "/ˈma.çe.ra/" }, { "ipa": "/má.kʰai̯.ra/", "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic" }, { "ipa": "/ˈma.kʰɛ.ra/", "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian" }, { "ipa": "/ˈma.çɛ.ra/", "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine" }, { "ipa": "/ˈma.çe.ra/", "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine" }, { "ipa": "/ˈma.çe.ra/", "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan" } ], "word": "μάχαιρα" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "el", "2": "grc", "3": "μάχαιρα" }, "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek μάχαιρα (mákhaira)", "name": "lbor" }, { "args": { "1": "el", "2": "μαχαίρι" }, "expansion": "Doublet of μαχαίρι (machaíri)", "name": "doublet" } ], "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek μάχαιρα (mákhaira). Doublet of μαχαίρι (machaíri).", "forms": [ { "form": "máchaira", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "el-nF-α-3a", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "μάχαιρα", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "μάχαιρας", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "μάχαιρα", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "μάχαιρα", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "el", "10": "", "11": "", "12": "", "13": "", "14": "", "15": "", "16": "", "17": "", "18": "", "19": "", "2": "nouns", "20": "", "21": "", "22": "", "23": "", "24": "", "25": "", "26": "", "27": "", "28": "", "3": "uncountable", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "unc", "7": "", "8": "", "9": "", "cat2": "", "cat3": "", "cat4": "uncountable nouns", "g": "f", "g2": "", "g3": "", "head": "", "sort": "", "tr2": "", "ts": "" }, "expansion": "μάχαιρα • (máchaira) f (uncountable)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "f", "2": "unc" }, "expansion": "μάχαιρα • (máchaira) f (uncountable)", "name": "el-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "μάχαιρα", "2": "μάχαιρας", "3": "μάχαιρα", "4": "μάχαιρα", "note": "" }, "name": "el-decl-noun-unc" } ], "lang": "Greek", "lang_code": "el", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "96 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Greek entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "90 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Greek nouns declining like 'θερμότητα'", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "71 29", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "el", "name": "Weapons", "orig": "el:Weapons", "parents": [ "Hunting", "Military", "Tools", "Human activity", "Society", "Technology", "Human behaviour", "All topics", "Human", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "sword used by the ancient Greeks" ], "id": "en-μάχαιρα-el-noun-J1TOMAmp", "links": [ [ "sword", "sword" ], [ "ancient", "ancient" ], [ "Greek", "Greek" ] ], "tags": [ "uncountable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "large knife" ], "id": "en-μάχαιρα-el-noun-D3UVEpq6", "links": [ [ "large", "large" ], [ "knife", "knife" ] ], "tags": [ "uncountable" ] } ], "word": "μάχαιρα" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "el:Weapons" ], "derived": [ { "roman": "drepanomákhaira", "word": "δρεπανομάχαιρα" }, { "roman": "engastrimákhaira", "word": "ἐγγαστριμάχαιρα" }, { "roman": "makhairâs", "word": "μαχαιρᾶς" }, { "roman": "makhairodétēs", "word": "μαχαιροδέτης" }, { "roman": "makhairothḗkē", "word": "μαχαιροθήκη" }, { "roman": "makhairopoiós", "word": "μαχαιροποιός" }, { "roman": "makhairopṓlion", "word": "μαχαιροπώλιον" }, { "roman": "makhairourgós", "word": "μαχαιρουργός" }, { "roman": "makhairophóros", "word": "μαχαιροφόρος" }, { "roman": "makhairóphullon", "word": "μαχαιρόφυλλον" }, { "roman": "xiphomákhaira", "word": "ξιφομάχαιρα" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "grc-koi", "2": "μαχαίριον", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Koine Greek: μαχαίριον (makhaírion)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "diminutive" }, "expansion": "(diminutive)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "⇒ Koine Greek: μαχαίριον (makhaírion) (diminutive)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "el", "2": "μαχαίρι", "3": "μαχαίρα", "gloss2": "large knife" }, "expansion": "Greek: μαχαίρι (machaíri), μαχαίρα (machaíra, “large knife”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Greek: μαχαίρι (machaíri), μαχαίρα (machaíra, “large knife”)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "el", "2": "μάχαιρα", "lbor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Greek: μάχαιρα (máchaira) (learned)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Greek: μάχαιρα (máchaira) (learned)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "machaera", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Latin: machaera", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Latin: machaera" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "Machairodus", "2": "genus" }, "expansion": "Machairodus", "name": "taxfmt" } ], "text": "Translingual: †Machairodus" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "qfa-sub", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "substrate", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "sem", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Semitic", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "he", "2": "מכרה", "t": "sword", "tr": "mᵉkērā" }, "expansion": "Hebrew מכרה (mᵉkērā, “sword”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "qsb-grc", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Pre-Greek", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "Controversial:\n* Traditionally linked to μάχομαι (mákhomai, “to fight”); compare μάχη (mákhē, “a battle, a strife”). Though formally without issues, Chantraine finds this implausible.\n* Others consider the word to be from a foreign or substrate source, though exact comparanda are disputed. Lewy considers the word as a Semitic borrowing; compare Hebrew מכרה (mᵉkērā, “sword”). However, Gordon considers the Hebrew to be borrowed from Greek, rather than the other way around.\n* Beekes prefers to link the word to μάγειρος (mágeiros, “cook”), taking the γ/χ interchange as evidence of Pre-Greek origin.", "forms": [ { "form": "mákhaira", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "μᾰχαίρας", "tags": [ "genitive" ] }, { "form": "Attic declension-1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "grc-decl", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "First declension", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "ἡ μάχαιρᾰ", "roman": "hē mákhaira", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "τὼ μαχαίρᾱ", "roman": "tṑ makhaírā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "αἱ μάχαιραι", "roman": "hai mákhairai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "τῆς μαχαίρᾱς", "roman": "tês makhaírās", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "τοῖν μαχαίραιν", "roman": "toîn makhaírain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "τῶν μαχαιρῶν", "roman": "tôn makhairôn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "τῇ μαχαίρᾳ", "roman": "têi makhaírāi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "τοῖν μαχαίραιν", "roman": "toîn makhaírain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "ταῖς μαχαίραις", "roman": "taîs makhaírais", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "τὴν μάχαιρᾰν", "roman": "tḕn mákhairan", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "τὼ μαχαίρᾱ", "roman": "tṑ makhaírā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "τᾱ̀ς μαχαίρᾱς", "roman": "tā̀s makhaírās", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "μάχαιρᾰ", "roman": "mákhaira", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "μαχαίρᾱ", "roman": "makhaírā", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "μάχαιραι", "roman": "mákhairai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "μᾰχαίρας", "2": "f", "3": "first" }, "expansion": "μάχαιρα • (mákhaira) f (genitive μᾰχαίρας); first declension", "name": "grc-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "μάχαιρᾰ", "2": "ᾱς" }, "name": "grc-decl" } ], "lang": "Ancient Greek", "lang_code": "grc", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Ancient Greek 3-syllable words", "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header", "Ancient Greek feminine nouns", "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension", "Ancient Greek first-declension nouns", "Ancient Greek lemmas", "Ancient Greek nouns", "Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms", "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "grc:Swords" ], "glosses": [ "large knife, short sword, dirk, dagger" ], "links": [ [ "knife", "knife" ], [ "short sword", "short sword" ], [ "dirk", "dirk" ], [ "dagger", "dagger" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/má.kʰai̯.ra/" }, { "ipa": "/ˈma.çɛ.ra/" }, { "ipa": "/ˈma.çe.ra/" }, { "ipa": "/má.kʰai̯.ra/", "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic" }, { "ipa": "/ˈma.kʰɛ.ra/", "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian" }, { "ipa": "/ˈma.çɛ.ra/", "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine" }, { "ipa": "/ˈma.çe.ra/", "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine" }, { "ipa": "/ˈma.çe.ra/", "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan" } ], "word": "μάχαιρα" } { "categories": [ "Greek doublets", "Greek entries with incorrect language header", "Greek feminine nouns", "Greek learned borrowings from Ancient Greek", "Greek lemmas", "Greek nouns", "Greek nouns declining like 'θερμότητα'", "Greek terms borrowed from Ancient Greek", "Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek", "Greek uncountable nouns", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "el:Weapons" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "el", "2": "grc", "3": "μάχαιρα" }, "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek μάχαιρα (mákhaira)", "name": "lbor" }, { "args": { "1": "el", "2": "μαχαίρι" }, "expansion": "Doublet of μαχαίρι (machaíri)", "name": "doublet" } ], "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek μάχαιρα (mákhaira). Doublet of μαχαίρι (machaíri).", "forms": [ { "form": "máchaira", "tags": [ "romanization" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "el-nF-α-3a", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "μάχαιρα", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "μάχαιρας", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "μάχαιρα", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "μάχαιρα", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "el", "10": "", "11": "", "12": "", "13": "", "14": "", "15": "", "16": "", "17": "", "18": "", "19": "", "2": "nouns", "20": "", "21": "", "22": "", "23": "", "24": "", "25": "", "26": "", "27": "", "28": "", "3": "uncountable", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "unc", "7": "", "8": "", "9": "", "cat2": "", "cat3": "", "cat4": "uncountable nouns", "g": "f", "g2": "", "g3": "", "head": "", "sort": "", "tr2": "", "ts": "" }, "expansion": "μάχαιρα • (máchaira) f (uncountable)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "f", "2": "unc" }, "expansion": "μάχαιρα • (máchaira) f (uncountable)", "name": "el-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "μάχαιρα", "2": "μάχαιρας", "3": "μάχαιρα", "4": "μάχαιρα", "note": "" }, "name": "el-decl-noun-unc" } ], "lang": "Greek", "lang_code": "el", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "sword used by the ancient Greeks" ], "links": [ [ "sword", "sword" ], [ "ancient", "ancient" ], [ "Greek", "Greek" ] ], "tags": [ "uncountable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "large knife" ], "links": [ [ "large", "large" ], [ "knife", "knife" ] ], "tags": [ "uncountable" ] } ], "word": "μάχαιρα" }
Download raw JSONL data for μάχαιρα meaning in All languages combined (9.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.