See κόπρος on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for κόπρος meaning in All languages combined (14.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kópreios",
"word": "κόπρειος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kopreúō",
"word": "κοπρεύω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprēgós",
"word": "κοπρηγός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprobólos",
"word": "κοπροβόλος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprodókhos",
"word": "κοπροδόχος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprothésion",
"word": "κοπροθέσῐον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprothḗkē",
"word": "κοπροθήκη"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprologéō",
"word": "κοπρολογέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprológos",
"word": "κοπρολόγος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koproxústēs",
"word": "κοπροξῠ́στης"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kopropoiéō",
"word": "κοπροποιέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kopropoiós",
"word": "κοπροποιός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprosúnē",
"word": "κοπροσῠ́νη"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprophorá",
"word": "κοπροφορά"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprophoréō",
"word": "κοπροφορέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprophóros",
"word": "κοπροφόρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprophagéō",
"word": "κοπροφᾰγέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprophágos",
"word": "κοπροφᾰ́γος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kopróō",
"word": "κοπρόω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprṓdēs",
"word": "κοπρώδης"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprṓn",
"word": "κοπρών"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kóprōsis",
"word": "κόπρωσῐς"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kopragōgós",
"word": "κοπρᾰγωγός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kóprana",
"word": "κόπρᾰνᾰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprízō",
"word": "κοπρῐ́ζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kopriḗmetos",
"word": "κοπρῐήμετος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kóprinos",
"word": "κόπρῐνος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kóprion",
"word": "κόπρῐον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "koprismós",
"word": "κοπρῐσμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kóprisis",
"word": "κόπρῐσῐς"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kopriakós",
"word": "κοπρῐᾰκός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kopríā",
"word": "κοπρῐ́ᾱ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kopríās",
"word": "κοπρῐ́ᾱς"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "philókopros",
"word": "φῐλόκοπρος"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "copro-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: copro-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: copro-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "κόπρος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: κόπρος (kópros)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: κόπρος (kópros)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "copro-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: copro-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: copro-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ḱókʷ-ro-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱókʷ-ro-s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱókʷr̥",
"3": "",
"4": "excrement"
},
"expansion": "*ḱókʷr̥ (“excrement”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cechar",
"3": "",
"4": "quagmire, slough, bog"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cechar (“quagmire, slough, bog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शकृत्",
"3": "",
"4": "dung"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit शकृत् (śakṛt, “dung”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "šikna",
"3": "",
"4": "arse"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian šikna (“arse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "šikti",
"3": "",
"4": "defecate"
},
"expansion": "šikti (“defecate”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ḱókʷ-ro-s, thematicized from *ḱókʷr̥ (“excrement”). Cognates include Old Irish cechar (“quagmire, slough, bog”), Sanskrit शकृत् (śakṛt, “dung”), and Lithuanian šikna (“arse”), šikti (“defecate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kópros",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ κόπρος",
"roman": "hē kópros",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ κόπρω",
"roman": "tṑ kóprō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ κόπροι",
"roman": "hai kóproi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς κόπρου",
"roman": "tês kóprou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν κόπροιν",
"roman": "toîn kóproin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν κόπρων",
"roman": "tôn kóprōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ κόπρῳ",
"roman": "têi kóprōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν κόπροιν",
"roman": "toîn kóproin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς κόπροις",
"roman": "taîs kóprois",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν κόπρον",
"roman": "tḕn kópron",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ κόπρω",
"roman": "tṑ kóprō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς κόπρους",
"roman": "tā̀s kóprous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρε",
"roman": "kópre",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρω",
"roman": "kóprō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπροι",
"roman": "kóproi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "κόπρου",
"2": "f",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "κόπρος • (kópros) f (genitive κόπρου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "κόπρος",
"2": "ου",
"form": "F"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 28 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 48 8 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Feces",
"orig": "grc:Feces",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Toilet (room)",
"Human",
"Hygiene",
"Rooms",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Buildings and structures",
"Fundamental",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dung, ordure, excrement"
],
"id": "en-κόπρος-grc-noun-L3IS-17P",
"links": [
[
"dung",
"dung"
],
[
"ordure",
"ordure"
],
[
"excrement",
"excrement"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 28 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 48 8 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Feces",
"orig": "grc:Feces",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Toilet (room)",
"Human",
"Hygiene",
"Rooms",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Buildings and structures",
"Fundamental",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then I laid it carefully away, hiding it beneath the dung, which lay in great heaps throughout the cave.",
"ref": "8th c. BCE, Homer, Odyssey, 9.329–330 (transl. A.T. Murray)",
"roman": "kaì tò mèn eû katéthēka katakrúpsas hupò kóprōi, hḗ rha katà speíous kékhuto megál’ ḗlitha pollḗ;",
"text": "καὶ τὸ μὲν εὖ κατέθηκα κατακρύψας ὑπὸ κόπρῳ, ἥ ῥα κατὰ σπείους κέχυτο μεγάλ’ ἤλιθα πολλή·",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dung, manure"
],
"id": "en-κόπρος-grc-noun-Jho3YYzp",
"links": [
[
"dung",
"dung"
],
[
"manure",
"manure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(especially in husbandry) dung, manure"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in husbandry"
],
"tags": [
"especially"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 28 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"filth, dirt"
],
"id": "en-κόπρος-grc-noun-nTxty7Hs",
"links": [
[
"filth",
"filth"
],
[
"dirt",
"dirt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) filth, dirt"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 15 15 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 28 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 18 16 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dunghill, byre"
],
"id": "en-κόπρος-grc-noun-4NVJw-FD",
"links": [
[
"dunghill",
"dunghill"
],
[
"byre",
"byre"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kó.pros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.pros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.pros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kó.pros/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.pros/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.pros/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.pros/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.pros/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "κόπρος"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κόπρος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κόπρος (kópros)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek κόπρος (kópros).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kópros",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "el-nF-ος-2a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρος",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρου",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρο",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρε",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρο",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "nouns",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"3": "uncountable",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "unc",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "uncountable nouns",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr2": ""
},
"expansion": "κόπρος • (kópros) f (uncountable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "unc"
},
"expansion": "κόπρος • (kópros) f (uncountable)",
"name": "el-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "κόπρος",
"2": "κόπρου",
"3": "κόπρο",
"4": "κόπρε",
"note": "",
"vs": "κόπρο"
},
"name": "el-decl-noun-unc"
}
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek nouns declining like 'Κύπρος'",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"faeces, shit, manure"
],
"id": "en-κόπρος-el-noun-H6nTy4-Y",
"links": [
[
"faeces",
"faeces"
],
[
"shit",
"shit"
],
[
"manure",
"manure"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek nouns declining like 'Κύπρος'",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dirt"
],
"id": "en-κόπρος-el-noun-w4OKglZp",
"links": [
[
"dirt",
"dirt"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "faeces",
"roman": "kóprana",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "κόπρανα"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "dung",
"roman": "kopriá",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κοπριά"
}
],
"word": "κόπρος"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "kópros",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπροι",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "el-nM-ος-οι-2a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρος",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπροι",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρου",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρων",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρο",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρους",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρε",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπροι",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "nouns",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "κόπροι",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr2": ""
},
"expansion": "κόπρος • (kópros) m (plural κόπροι)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "κόπροι"
},
"expansion": "κόπρος • (kópros) m (plural κόπροι)",
"name": "el-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "κόπρος",
"2": "κόπροι",
"3": "κόπρου",
"4": "κόπρων",
"5": "κόπρο",
"6": "κόπρους",
"7": "κόπρε",
"8": "κόπροι",
"note": ""
},
"name": "el-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 4 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 28 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος'",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stray dog"
],
"id": "en-κόπρος-el-noun-Zlz3ewqP",
"links": [
[
"stray",
"stray"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
]
}
],
"word": "κόπρος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"grc:Feces"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kópreios",
"word": "κόπρειος"
},
{
"roman": "kopreúō",
"word": "κοπρεύω"
},
{
"roman": "koprēgós",
"word": "κοπρηγός"
},
{
"roman": "koprobólos",
"word": "κοπροβόλος"
},
{
"roman": "koprodókhos",
"word": "κοπροδόχος"
},
{
"roman": "koprothésion",
"word": "κοπροθέσῐον"
},
{
"roman": "koprothḗkē",
"word": "κοπροθήκη"
},
{
"roman": "koprologéō",
"word": "κοπρολογέω"
},
{
"roman": "koprológos",
"word": "κοπρολόγος"
},
{
"roman": "koproxústēs",
"word": "κοπροξῠ́στης"
},
{
"roman": "kopropoiéō",
"word": "κοπροποιέω"
},
{
"roman": "kopropoiós",
"word": "κοπροποιός"
},
{
"roman": "koprosúnē",
"word": "κοπροσῠ́νη"
},
{
"roman": "koprophorá",
"word": "κοπροφορά"
},
{
"roman": "koprophoréō",
"word": "κοπροφορέω"
},
{
"roman": "koprophóros",
"word": "κοπροφόρος"
},
{
"roman": "koprophagéō",
"word": "κοπροφᾰγέω"
},
{
"roman": "koprophágos",
"word": "κοπροφᾰ́γος"
},
{
"roman": "kopróō",
"word": "κοπρόω"
},
{
"roman": "koprṓdēs",
"word": "κοπρώδης"
},
{
"roman": "koprṓn",
"word": "κοπρών"
},
{
"roman": "kóprōsis",
"word": "κόπρωσῐς"
},
{
"roman": "kopragōgós",
"word": "κοπρᾰγωγός"
},
{
"roman": "kóprana",
"word": "κόπρᾰνᾰ"
},
{
"roman": "koprízō",
"word": "κοπρῐ́ζω"
},
{
"roman": "kopriḗmetos",
"word": "κοπρῐήμετος"
},
{
"roman": "kóprinos",
"word": "κόπρῐνος"
},
{
"roman": "kóprion",
"word": "κόπρῐον"
},
{
"roman": "koprismós",
"word": "κοπρῐσμός"
},
{
"roman": "kóprisis",
"word": "κόπρῐσῐς"
},
{
"roman": "kopriakós",
"word": "κοπρῐᾰκός"
},
{
"roman": "kopríā",
"word": "κοπρῐ́ᾱ"
},
{
"roman": "kopríās",
"word": "κοπρῐ́ᾱς"
},
{
"roman": "philókopros",
"word": "φῐλόκοπρος"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "copro-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: copro-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: copro-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "κόπρος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: κόπρος (kópros)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: κόπρος (kópros)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "copro-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: copro-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: copro-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ḱókʷ-ro-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱókʷ-ro-s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱókʷr̥",
"3": "",
"4": "excrement"
},
"expansion": "*ḱókʷr̥ (“excrement”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cechar",
"3": "",
"4": "quagmire, slough, bog"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cechar (“quagmire, slough, bog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शकृत्",
"3": "",
"4": "dung"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit शकृत् (śakṛt, “dung”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "šikna",
"3": "",
"4": "arse"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian šikna (“arse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "šikti",
"3": "",
"4": "defecate"
},
"expansion": "šikti (“defecate”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ḱókʷ-ro-s, thematicized from *ḱókʷr̥ (“excrement”). Cognates include Old Irish cechar (“quagmire, slough, bog”), Sanskrit शकृत् (śakṛt, “dung”), and Lithuanian šikna (“arse”), šikti (“defecate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kópros",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ κόπρος",
"roman": "hē kópros",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ κόπρω",
"roman": "tṑ kóprō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ κόπροι",
"roman": "hai kóproi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς κόπρου",
"roman": "tês kóprou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν κόπροιν",
"roman": "toîn kóproin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν κόπρων",
"roman": "tôn kóprōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ κόπρῳ",
"roman": "têi kóprōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν κόπροιν",
"roman": "toîn kóproin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς κόπροις",
"roman": "taîs kóprois",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν κόπρον",
"roman": "tḕn kópron",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ κόπρω",
"roman": "tṑ kóprō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς κόπρους",
"roman": "tā̀s kóprous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρε",
"roman": "kópre",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρω",
"roman": "kóprō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπροι",
"roman": "kóproi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "κόπρου",
"2": "f",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "κόπρος • (kópros) f (genitive κόπρου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "κόπρος",
"2": "ου",
"form": "F"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dung, ordure, excrement"
],
"links": [
[
"dung",
"dung"
],
[
"ordure",
"ordure"
],
[
"excrement",
"excrement"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then I laid it carefully away, hiding it beneath the dung, which lay in great heaps throughout the cave.",
"ref": "8th c. BCE, Homer, Odyssey, 9.329–330 (transl. A.T. Murray)",
"roman": "kaì tò mèn eû katéthēka katakrúpsas hupò kóprōi, hḗ rha katà speíous kékhuto megál’ ḗlitha pollḗ;",
"text": "καὶ τὸ μὲν εὖ κατέθηκα κατακρύψας ὑπὸ κόπρῳ, ἥ ῥα κατὰ σπείους κέχυτο μεγάλ’ ἤλιθα πολλή·",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dung, manure"
],
"links": [
[
"dung",
"dung"
],
[
"manure",
"manure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(especially in husbandry) dung, manure"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in husbandry"
],
"tags": [
"especially"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"filth, dirt"
],
"links": [
[
"filth",
"filth"
],
[
"dirt",
"dirt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) filth, dirt"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dunghill, byre"
],
"links": [
[
"dunghill",
"dunghill"
],
[
"byre",
"byre"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kó.pros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.pros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.pros/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kó.pros/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.pros/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.pros/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.pros/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.pros/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "κόπρος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Greek feminine nouns",
"Greek lemmas",
"Greek masculine nouns",
"Greek nouns",
"Greek nouns declining like 'Κύπρος'",
"Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος'",
"Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek",
"Greek uncountable nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κόπρος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κόπρος (kópros)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek κόπρος (kópros).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kópros",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "el-nF-ος-2a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρος",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρου",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρο",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρε",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρο",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "nouns",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"3": "uncountable",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "unc",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "uncountable nouns",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr2": ""
},
"expansion": "κόπρος • (kópros) f (uncountable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "unc"
},
"expansion": "κόπρος • (kópros) f (uncountable)",
"name": "el-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "κόπρος",
"2": "κόπρου",
"3": "κόπρο",
"4": "κόπρε",
"note": "",
"vs": "κόπρο"
},
"name": "el-decl-noun-unc"
}
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"faeces, shit, manure"
],
"links": [
[
"faeces",
"faeces"
],
[
"shit",
"shit"
],
[
"manure",
"manure"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dirt"
],
"links": [
[
"dirt",
"dirt"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "faeces",
"roman": "kóprana",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "κόπρανα"
},
{
"english": "dung",
"roman": "kopriá",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κοπριά"
}
],
"word": "κόπρος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Greek lemmas",
"Greek masculine nouns",
"Greek nouns",
"Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος'"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "kópros",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπροι",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "el-nM-ος-οι-2a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρος",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπροι",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρου",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρων",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρο",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρους",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπρε",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "κόπροι",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "nouns",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "κόπροι",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr2": ""
},
"expansion": "κόπρος • (kópros) m (plural κόπροι)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "κόπροι"
},
"expansion": "κόπρος • (kópros) m (plural κόπροι)",
"name": "el-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "κόπρος",
"2": "κόπροι",
"3": "κόπρου",
"4": "κόπρων",
"5": "κόπρο",
"6": "κόπρους",
"7": "κόπρε",
"8": "κόπροι",
"note": ""
},
"name": "el-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"stray dog"
],
"links": [
[
"stray",
"stray"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
]
}
],
"word": "κόπρος"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.