"īss" meaning in All languages combined

See īss on Wiktionary

Adjective [Latvian]

IPA: [îːs]
Etymology: From Proto-Baltic *isas, *insas, from Proto-Indo-European *eis-, *is- (“to move fast, forcefully, to drive”) (from earlier “to hit, to move, to drive”). This root may have resulted from metathesis of *sei- (“to extend one's arms; strain, strength”), whence sist (“to hit”). Semantic development: “to hit, to move” > “to knock down, to reduce (with a blow)” > “made smaller, shorter” (participle). Cognates include Lithuanian dialectal įsas, Old Prussian insan (accusative), Sanskrit इषत (iṣát, “a little, a few”) (< *iṇst). Etymology templates: {{uder|lv|bat-pro|*isas}} Proto-Baltic *isas, {{m|ine-bsl-pro|*insas}} *insas, {{uder|lv|ine-pro|*eis-}} Proto-Indo-European *eis-, {{m|ine-pro|*is-||to move fast, forcefully, to drive}} *is- (“to move fast, forcefully, to drive”), {{m|ine-pro|*sei-||to extend one&#x27;s arms; strain, strength}} *sei- (“to extend one's arms; strain, strength”), {{m|lv|sist||to hit}} sist (“to hit”), {{cog|lt|-}} Lithuanian, {{m|lt|įsas}} įsas, {{cog|prg|insan}} Old Prussian insan, {{cog|sa|इषत||a little, a few|tr=iṣát}} Sanskrit इषत (iṣát, “a little, a few”), {{m|sa||*iṇst|sc=Latn}} *iṇst Head templates: {{head|lv|adjective|||definite|īsais|comparative|īsāks|superlative|visīsākais|adverb|īsi|cat2=|cat3=}} īss (definite īsais, comparative īsāks, superlative visīsākais, adverb īsi), {{lv-adj|īs}} īss (definite īsais, comparative īsāks, superlative visīsākais, adverb īsi) Inflection templates: {{lv-decl-adj|īs|extrawidth=-100}} Forms: īsais [definite], īsāks [comparative], visīsākais [superlative], īsi [adverb], no-table-tags [table-tags], īss [indefinite, masculine, nominative, singular], īsi [indefinite, masculine, nominative, plural], īsa [feminine, indefinite, nominative, singular], īsas [feminine, indefinite, nominative, plural], īsu [accusative, indefinite, masculine, singular], īsus [accusative, indefinite, masculine, plural], īsu [accusative, feminine, indefinite, singular], īsas [accusative, feminine, indefinite, plural], īsa [genitive, indefinite, masculine, singular], īsu [genitive, indefinite, masculine, plural], īsas [feminine, genitive, indefinite, singular], īsu [feminine, genitive, indefinite, plural], īsam [dative, indefinite, masculine, singular], īsiem [dative, indefinite, masculine, plural], īsai [dative, feminine, indefinite, singular], īsām [dative, feminine, indefinite, plural], īsu [indefinite, instrumental, masculine, singular], īsiem [indefinite, instrumental, masculine, plural], īsu [feminine, indefinite, instrumental, singular], īsām [feminine, indefinite, instrumental, plural], īsā [indefinite, locative, masculine, singular], īsos [indefinite, locative, masculine, plural], īsā [feminine, indefinite, locative, singular], īsās [feminine, indefinite, locative, plural], - [indefinite, masculine, singular, vocative], - [indefinite, masculine, plural, vocative], - [feminine, indefinite, singular, vocative], - [feminine, indefinite, plural, vocative]
  1. short (having relatively little length, less than average length)
    Sense id: en-īss-lv-adj-h8EBLgmR
  2. short, laconic
    Sense id: en-īss-lv-adj-nXdh8pLq Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian undefined derivations Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 4 32 17 15 5 20 6 1 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 4 33 15 13 4 22 7 1 Disambiguation of Latvian undefined derivations: 5 35 17 11 4 18 8 2
  3. short, brief (lasting relatively little time, having relatively little duration; syn. neilgs)
    Sense id: en-īss-lv-adj-ggIAdLU-
  4. short (which goes, ends quickly, insufficiently long)
    Sense id: en-īss-lv-adj-RS9kvNPm
  5. (of feelings, states, relations) short-lived, insufficient
    Sense id: en-īss-lv-adj-2XjTY~fp Topics: location, region, states
  6. (phonetics, phonology) short (pronounced with relatively little duration) Categories (topical): Phonetics, Phonology
    Sense id: en-īss-lv-adj-fLw~9g3- Categories (other): Latvian words with broken intonation Disambiguation of Latvian words with broken intonation: 10 5 14 11 13 31 13 3 Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, phonetics, phonology, sciences
  7. short, brief (lasting only a few moments)
    Sense id: en-īss-lv-adj-KkN49wjw
  8. (of motion) short, quick (small, but fast)
    Sense id: en-īss-lv-adj-35Aa9gzZ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: īsināt, īsums, īsviļņi, īsie viļņi

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for īss meaning in All languages combined (11.3kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “of space”",
      "word": "garš"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “of time”",
      "word": "ilgs"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "īsināt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "īsums"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "īsviļņi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "īsie viļņi"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*isas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *isas",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*insas"
      },
      "expansion": "*insas",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*eis-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *eis-",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*is-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to move fast, forcefully, to drive"
      },
      "expansion": "*is- (“to move fast, forcefully, to drive”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*sei-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to extend one's arms; strain, strength"
      },
      "expansion": "*sei- (“to extend one's arms; strain, strength”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "sist",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hit"
      },
      "expansion": "sist (“to hit”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "įsas"
      },
      "expansion": "įsas",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "insan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian insan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "इषत",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a little, a few",
        "tr": "iṣát"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit इषत (iṣát, “a little, a few”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*iṇst",
        "sc": "Latn"
      },
      "expansion": "*iṇst",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *isas, *insas, from Proto-Indo-European *eis-, *is- (“to move fast, forcefully, to drive”) (from earlier “to hit, to move, to drive”). This root may have resulted from metathesis of *sei- (“to extend one's arms; strain, strength”), whence sist (“to hit”). Semantic development: “to hit, to move” > “to knock down, to reduce (with a blow)” > “made smaller, shorter” (participle). Cognates include Lithuanian dialectal įsas, Old Prussian insan (accusative), Sanskrit इषत (iṣát, “a little, a few”) (< *iṇst).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "īsais",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsāks",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "visīsākais",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsi",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īss",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "visīsākais",
        "11": "adverb",
        "12": "īsi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "definite",
        "6": "īsais",
        "7": "comparative",
        "8": "īsāks",
        "9": "superlative",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "īss (definite īsais, comparative īsāks, superlative visīsākais, adverb īsi)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "īs"
      },
      "expansion": "īss (definite īsais, comparative īsāks, superlative visīsākais, adverb īsi)",
      "name": "lv-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "īs",
        "extrawidth": "-100"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "short sleeves",
          "text": "īsas piedurknes",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short whip",
          "text": "īsa pātaga",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short skirt",
          "text": "īsi svārki",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "īsie viļņi, īsviļņi ― shortwaves",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short story, poem",
          "text": "īss stāsts, dzejolis"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short (having relatively little length, less than average length)"
      ],
      "id": "en-īss-lv-adj-h8EBLgmR",
      "links": [
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "relatively",
          "relatively#English"
        ],
        [
          "little",
          "little#English"
        ],
        [
          "length",
          "length#English"
        ],
        [
          "average",
          "average#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 32 17 15 5 20 6 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 33 15 13 4 22 7 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 35 17 11 4 18 8 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "in short, in sum, briefly (lit. in short words)",
          "text": "īsos vārdos",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short, laconic"
      ],
      "id": "en-īss-lv-adj-nXdh8pLq",
      "links": [
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "laconic",
          "laconic"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "after brief moments of sun(shine)",
          "text": "pēc īsiem saules mirkļiem",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "winter days are short",
          "text": "ziemas dienas ir īsas",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short show",
          "text": "īsa izrāde",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short concert",
          "text": "īss koncerts",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short conversation",
          "text": "īsa saruna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short, brief (lasting relatively little time, having relatively little duration; syn. neilgs)"
      ],
      "id": "en-īss-lv-adj-ggIAdLU-",
      "links": [
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "brief",
          "brief"
        ],
        [
          "last",
          "last#English"
        ],
        [
          "relatively",
          "relatively#English"
        ],
        [
          "little",
          "little#English"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time#English"
        ],
        [
          "duration",
          "duration#English"
        ],
        [
          "neilgs",
          "neilgs#Latvian"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "but life is as short as a December day",
          "text": "dzīve taču ir tik īsa kā decembra diena",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "bee life is short, only a few months",
          "text": "bišu mūžs ir īss, tikai daži mēneši",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short (which goes, ends quickly, insufficiently long)"
      ],
      "id": "en-īss-lv-adj-RS9kvNPm",
      "links": [
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "insufficient",
          "insufficient#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "my happiness was short",
          "text": "mana laime bija īsa",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short-lived, insufficient"
      ],
      "id": "en-īss-lv-adj-2XjTY~fp",
      "links": [
        [
          "feeling",
          "feeling"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ],
        [
          "relation",
          "relation"
        ],
        [
          "short-lived",
          "short-lived"
        ],
        [
          "insufficient",
          "insufficient"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "relations",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of feelings, states, relations) short-lived, insufficient"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of feelings"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "location",
        "region",
        "states"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "lv",
          "name": "Phonetics",
          "orig": "lv:Phonetics",
          "parents": [
            "Linguistics",
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "lv",
          "name": "Phonology",
          "orig": "lv:Phonology",
          "parents": [
            "Linguistics",
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 5 14 11 13 31 13 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "short vowel",
          "text": "īss patskanis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short syllable",
          "text": "īsa zilbe",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short (pronounced with relatively little duration)"
      ],
      "id": "en-īss-lv-adj-fLw~9g3-",
      "links": [
        [
          "phonetics",
          "phonetics"
        ],
        [
          "phonology",
          "phonology"
        ],
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "pronounce",
          "pronounce#English"
        ],
        [
          "relatively",
          "relatively#English"
        ],
        [
          "little",
          "little#English"
        ],
        [
          "duration",
          "duration#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(phonetics, phonology) short (pronounced with relatively little duration)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "phonetics",
        "phonology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "short whistle",
          "text": "īss svilpiens",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short sound, sigh",
          "text": "īsa skaņa, nopūta",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short, brief (lasting only a few moments)"
      ],
      "id": "en-īss-lv-adj-KkN49wjw",
      "links": [
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "brief",
          "brief"
        ],
        [
          "last",
          "last#English"
        ],
        [
          "moment",
          "moment#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "with a short, quick gesture that one invited him to sit down next to him",
          "text": "ar īsu žestu tas aicināja viņu apsēsties sev pretim",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short, quick (small, but fast)"
      ],
      "id": "en-īss-lv-adj-35Aa9gzZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "motion",
          "motion"
        ],
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "quick",
          "quick"
        ],
        [
          "small",
          "small#English"
        ],
        [
          "fast",
          "fast#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of motion) short, quick (small, but fast)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of motion"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[îːs]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "īss"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “of space”",
      "word": "garš"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “of time”",
      "word": "ilgs"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Latvian adjectives",
    "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
    "Latvian lemmas",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latvian undefined derivations",
    "Latvian words with broken intonation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "īsināt"
    },
    {
      "word": "īsums"
    },
    {
      "word": "īsviļņi"
    },
    {
      "word": "īsie viļņi"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*isas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *isas",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*insas"
      },
      "expansion": "*insas",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*eis-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *eis-",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*is-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to move fast, forcefully, to drive"
      },
      "expansion": "*is- (“to move fast, forcefully, to drive”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*sei-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to extend one's arms; strain, strength"
      },
      "expansion": "*sei- (“to extend one's arms; strain, strength”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "sist",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hit"
      },
      "expansion": "sist (“to hit”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "įsas"
      },
      "expansion": "įsas",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "insan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian insan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "इषत",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a little, a few",
        "tr": "iṣát"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit इषत (iṣát, “a little, a few”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*iṇst",
        "sc": "Latn"
      },
      "expansion": "*iṇst",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *isas, *insas, from Proto-Indo-European *eis-, *is- (“to move fast, forcefully, to drive”) (from earlier “to hit, to move, to drive”). This root may have resulted from metathesis of *sei- (“to extend one's arms; strain, strength”), whence sist (“to hit”). Semantic development: “to hit, to move” > “to knock down, to reduce (with a blow)” > “made smaller, shorter” (participle). Cognates include Lithuanian dialectal įsas, Old Prussian insan (accusative), Sanskrit इषत (iṣát, “a little, a few”) (< *iṇst).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "īsais",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsāks",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "visīsākais",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsi",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īss",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īsās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "visīsākais",
        "11": "adverb",
        "12": "īsi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "definite",
        "6": "īsais",
        "7": "comparative",
        "8": "īsāks",
        "9": "superlative",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "īss (definite īsais, comparative īsāks, superlative visīsākais, adverb īsi)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "īs"
      },
      "expansion": "īss (definite īsais, comparative īsāks, superlative visīsākais, adverb īsi)",
      "name": "lv-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "īs",
        "extrawidth": "-100"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "short sleeves",
          "text": "īsas piedurknes",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short whip",
          "text": "īsa pātaga",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short skirt",
          "text": "īsi svārki",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "īsie viļņi, īsviļņi ― shortwaves",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short story, poem",
          "text": "īss stāsts, dzejolis"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short (having relatively little length, less than average length)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "relatively",
          "relatively#English"
        ],
        [
          "little",
          "little#English"
        ],
        [
          "length",
          "length#English"
        ],
        [
          "average",
          "average#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "in short, in sum, briefly (lit. in short words)",
          "text": "īsos vārdos",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short, laconic"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "laconic",
          "laconic"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "after brief moments of sun(shine)",
          "text": "pēc īsiem saules mirkļiem",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "winter days are short",
          "text": "ziemas dienas ir īsas",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short show",
          "text": "īsa izrāde",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short concert",
          "text": "īss koncerts",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short conversation",
          "text": "īsa saruna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short, brief (lasting relatively little time, having relatively little duration; syn. neilgs)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "brief",
          "brief"
        ],
        [
          "last",
          "last#English"
        ],
        [
          "relatively",
          "relatively#English"
        ],
        [
          "little",
          "little#English"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time#English"
        ],
        [
          "duration",
          "duration#English"
        ],
        [
          "neilgs",
          "neilgs#Latvian"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "but life is as short as a December day",
          "text": "dzīve taču ir tik īsa kā decembra diena",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "bee life is short, only a few months",
          "text": "bišu mūžs ir īss, tikai daži mēneši",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short (which goes, ends quickly, insufficiently long)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "insufficient",
          "insufficient#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "my happiness was short",
          "text": "mana laime bija īsa",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short-lived, insufficient"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "feeling",
          "feeling"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ],
        [
          "relation",
          "relation"
        ],
        [
          "short-lived",
          "short-lived"
        ],
        [
          "insufficient",
          "insufficient"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "relations",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of feelings, states, relations) short-lived, insufficient"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of feelings"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "location",
        "region",
        "states"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples",
        "lv:Phonetics",
        "lv:Phonology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "short vowel",
          "text": "īss patskanis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short syllable",
          "text": "īsa zilbe",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short (pronounced with relatively little duration)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "phonetics",
          "phonetics"
        ],
        [
          "phonology",
          "phonology"
        ],
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "pronounce",
          "pronounce#English"
        ],
        [
          "relatively",
          "relatively#English"
        ],
        [
          "little",
          "little#English"
        ],
        [
          "duration",
          "duration#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(phonetics, phonology) short (pronounced with relatively little duration)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "phonetics",
        "phonology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "short whistle",
          "text": "īss svilpiens",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "short sound, sigh",
          "text": "īsa skaņa, nopūta",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short, brief (lasting only a few moments)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "brief",
          "brief"
        ],
        [
          "last",
          "last#English"
        ],
        [
          "moment",
          "moment#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "with a short, quick gesture that one invited him to sit down next to him",
          "text": "ar īsu žestu tas aicināja viņu apsēsties sev pretim",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short, quick (small, but fast)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "motion",
          "motion"
        ],
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "quick",
          "quick"
        ],
        [
          "small",
          "small#English"
        ],
        [
          "fast",
          "fast#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of motion) short, quick (small, but fast)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of motion"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[îːs]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "īss"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.