See (w)ŕ̥šā on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬥𐬀",
"3": "𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥",
"t2": "man"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬥𐬀 (var^əšna), 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (ar^əšan, “man”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬥𐬀 (var^əšna), 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (ar^əšan, “man”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-pro",
"2": "*wuršā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Scythian: *wuršā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Scythian: *wuršā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-sar-pro",
"2": "*wurš",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sarmatian: *wurš m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Sarmatian: *wurš m"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xln",
"2": "*wurš"
},
"expansion": "Alanic: *wurš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alanic: *wurš"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "-",
"t": "stallion"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: (“stallion”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: (“stallion”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os-dig",
"2": "уырс"
},
"expansion": "Digor Ossetian: уырс (wyrs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Digor Ossetian: уырс (wyrs)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os-iro",
"2": "урс"
},
"expansion": "Iron Ossetian: урс (urs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Iron Ossetian: урс (urs)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-skw-pro",
"2": "*wuṣ̌a"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *wuṣ̌a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *wuṣ̌a"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"t": "penis",
"tr": "buṇū"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (buṇū, “penis”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (buṇū, “penis”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "γəṣ̌",
"3": "γ̌əṣ̌",
"t2": "male"
},
"expansion": "Wakhi: γəṣ̌, γ̌əṣ̌ (“male”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wakhi: γəṣ̌, γ̌əṣ̌ (“male”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "wəšəng",
"t": "bull"
},
"expansion": "Wakhi: wəšəng (“bull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wakhi: wəšəng (“bull”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊",
"sc": "Sogo",
"t": "stallion",
"tr": "ʾwšn"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: 𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊 (ʾwšn, “stallion”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: 𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊 (ʾwšn, “stallion”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊𐼕𐼊𐼋",
"der": "1",
"sc": "Sogo",
"t": "young bull",
"tr": "ʾwšnycyk"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Khwarezmian: 𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊𐼕𐼊𐼋 (ʾwšnycyk, “young bull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Khwarezmian: 𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊𐼕𐼊𐼋 (ʾwšnycyk, “young bull”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐼴𐽁𐼻",
"t": "man",
"tr": "wšn",
"ts": "wašn, w(i)šn"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: 𐼴𐽁𐼻 (wšn /wašn, w(i)šn/, “man”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: 𐼴𐽁𐼻 (wšn /wašn, w(i)šn/, “man”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "وز",
"t": "goat",
"tr": "wuz"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: وز (wuz, “goat”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: وز (wuz, “goat”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sym-pro",
"2": "*wurnæ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *wurnæ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *wurnæ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-shy-pro",
"2": "*wurn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *wurn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *wurn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-wnj",
"2": "wurom",
"t": "stallion"
},
"expansion": "Vanji: wurom (“stallion”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vanji: wurom (“stallion”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "*(w)r̥šā"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: *(w)r̥šā\nMiddle Persian:\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwšn' /gušn/)\nPersian: گشن (gošn, “male”)\n→ Classical Syriac: ܐܘܫܢܐ (ˀwšnˀ /ˀōšnā/, “stallion, stud”)\n→ Ancient Greek: Ἀρσής (Arsḗs)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: *(w)r̥šā\nMiddle Persian:\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwšn' /gušn/)\nPersian: گشن (gošn, “male”)\n→ Classical Syriac: ܐܘܫܢܐ (ˀwšnˀ /ˀōšnā/, “stallion, stud”)\n→ Ancient Greek: Ἀρσής (Arsḗs)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "iir-pro>*(w)ŕ̥šā>virile man",
"id": "virile man"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*(w)ŕ̥šā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)ŕ̥šā",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)ŕ̥šā.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ŕ̥šā ~ *r̥šnáh",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"head": "*(w)ŕ̥šā ~ *(w)r̥šnáh"
},
"expansion": "*(w)ŕ̥šā ~ *(w)r̥šnáh m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/(w)ŕ̥šā",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"virile man"
],
"id": "en-(w)ŕ̥šā-ira-pro-noun-DofM7oZW",
"links": [
[
"virile",
"virile"
],
[
"man",
"man"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 32 14 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 12 5 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"male animal"
],
"id": "en-(w)ŕ̥šā-ira-pro-noun-TV6RpF6p",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "(w)ŕ̥šā"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "(w)ŕ̥šanwants"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*(w)ŕ̥ṣā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(w)ŕ̥ṣā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(w)ŕ̥ṣā"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृषन्",
"3": "वृष",
"tr": "vṛ́ṣan"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वृषन् (vṛ́ṣan), वृष (vṛṣa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वृषन् (vṛ́ṣan), वृष (vṛṣa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*(w)ŕ̥šā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *(w)ŕ̥šā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *(w)ŕ̥šā (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ine-pro>*wérsēn>virile man",
"id": "virile man"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wérsēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wérsēn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wérsēn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ŕ̥šā ~ *r̥šnás",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanāw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wāw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šanas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanāw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wāw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šanas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šanam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanāw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wāw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šnaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šnaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰiš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šabʰiš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šabʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šnay",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šnay",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šabʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šaHās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šaHās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šnaHam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šnaHam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šani",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šani",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šaHaw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šaHaw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šasu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šasu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "*(w)ŕ̥šā ~ *(w)r̥šnás",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*(w)ŕ̥šā ~ *(w)r̥šnás m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "(w)ŕ̥šn",
"2": "(w)ŕ̥šan"
},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/(w)ŕ̥šā",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"virile man"
],
"id": "en-(w)ŕ̥šā-iir-pro-noun-DofM7oZW",
"links": [
[
"virile",
"virile"
],
[
"man",
"man"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "25 75",
"roman": "vṛṣabha",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(w)r̥ṣabʰás",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "वृषभ"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 75",
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"roman": "ṛṣabha",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(w)r̥ṣabʰás",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "ऋषभ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"sense": "Kamkata-viri",
"tags": [
"Kamviri"
],
"word": "aṣë́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"sense": "Kamkata-viri",
"tags": [
"Kativiri"
],
"word": "aṣé"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 87",
"sense": "Southern Nuristani",
"word": "aṣë́"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 87",
"sense": "Southern Nuristani",
"word": "aṣe"
}
],
"glosses": [
"male animal, stallion, bull"
],
"id": "en-(w)ŕ̥šā-iir-pro-noun-Ee99kDcS",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"stallion",
"stallion"
],
[
"bull",
"bull"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "(w)ŕ̥šā"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian consonant stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁wers-",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wers- (rise)",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"iir-pro:Bovines"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "vṛṣabha",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(w)r̥ṣabʰás",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "वृषभ"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"roman": "ṛṣabha",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(w)r̥ṣabʰás",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "ऋषभ"
},
{
"sense": "Kamkata-viri",
"tags": [
"Kamviri"
],
"word": "aṣë́"
},
{
"sense": "Kamkata-viri",
"tags": [
"Kativiri"
],
"word": "aṣé"
},
{
"sense": "Southern Nuristani",
"word": "aṣë́"
},
{
"sense": "Southern Nuristani",
"word": "aṣe"
},
{
"word": "(w)ŕ̥šanwants"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*(w)ŕ̥ṣā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(w)ŕ̥ṣā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(w)ŕ̥ṣā"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृषन्",
"3": "वृष",
"tr": "vṛ́ṣan"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वृषन् (vṛ́ṣan), वृष (vṛṣa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वृषन् (vṛ́ṣan), वृष (vṛṣa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*(w)ŕ̥šā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *(w)ŕ̥šā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *(w)ŕ̥šā (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ine-pro>*wérsēn>virile man",
"id": "virile man"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wérsēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wérsēn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wérsēn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ŕ̥šā ~ *r̥šnás",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanāw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wāw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šanas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanāw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wāw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šanas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šanam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šanāw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wāw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šnaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šnaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰiš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šabʰiš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šabʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šnay",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šnay",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šabʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šabʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šaHās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šaHās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šnaHam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šnaHam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šani",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šani",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šaHaw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šaHaw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ŕ̥šasu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wŕ̥šasu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "*(w)ŕ̥šā ~ *(w)r̥šnás",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*(w)ŕ̥šā ~ *(w)r̥šnás m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "(w)ŕ̥šn",
"2": "(w)ŕ̥šan"
},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/(w)ŕ̥šā",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"virile man"
],
"links": [
[
"virile",
"virile"
],
[
"man",
"man"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"male animal, stallion, bull"
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"stallion",
"stallion"
],
[
"bull",
"bull"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "(w)ŕ̥šā"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Iranian masculine nouns",
"Proto-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁wers-",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wers- (rise)",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Khotanese terms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬥𐬀",
"3": "𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥",
"t2": "man"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬥𐬀 (var^əšna), 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (ar^əšan, “man”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬥𐬀 (var^əšna), 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (ar^əšan, “man”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-pro",
"2": "*wuršā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Scythian: *wuršā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Scythian: *wuršā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-sar-pro",
"2": "*wurš",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sarmatian: *wurš m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Sarmatian: *wurš m"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xln",
"2": "*wurš"
},
"expansion": "Alanic: *wurš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alanic: *wurš"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "-",
"t": "stallion"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: (“stallion”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: (“stallion”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os-dig",
"2": "уырс"
},
"expansion": "Digor Ossetian: уырс (wyrs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Digor Ossetian: уырс (wyrs)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os-iro",
"2": "урс"
},
"expansion": "Iron Ossetian: урс (urs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Iron Ossetian: урс (urs)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-skw-pro",
"2": "*wuṣ̌a"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *wuṣ̌a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *wuṣ̌a"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"t": "penis",
"tr": "buṇū"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (buṇū, “penis”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (buṇū, “penis”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "γəṣ̌",
"3": "γ̌əṣ̌",
"t2": "male"
},
"expansion": "Wakhi: γəṣ̌, γ̌əṣ̌ (“male”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wakhi: γəṣ̌, γ̌əṣ̌ (“male”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "wəšəng",
"t": "bull"
},
"expansion": "Wakhi: wəšəng (“bull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wakhi: wəšəng (“bull”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊",
"sc": "Sogo",
"t": "stallion",
"tr": "ʾwšn"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: 𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊 (ʾwšn, “stallion”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: 𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊 (ʾwšn, “stallion”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊𐼕𐼊𐼋",
"der": "1",
"sc": "Sogo",
"t": "young bull",
"tr": "ʾwšnycyk"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Khwarezmian: 𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊𐼕𐼊𐼋 (ʾwšnycyk, “young bull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Khwarezmian: 𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊𐼕𐼊𐼋 (ʾwšnycyk, “young bull”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐼴𐽁𐼻",
"t": "man",
"tr": "wšn",
"ts": "wašn, w(i)šn"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: 𐼴𐽁𐼻 (wšn /wašn, w(i)šn/, “man”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: 𐼴𐽁𐼻 (wšn /wašn, w(i)šn/, “man”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "وز",
"t": "goat",
"tr": "wuz"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: وز (wuz, “goat”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: وز (wuz, “goat”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sym-pro",
"2": "*wurnæ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *wurnæ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *wurnæ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-shy-pro",
"2": "*wurn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *wurn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *wurn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-wnj",
"2": "wurom",
"t": "stallion"
},
"expansion": "Vanji: wurom (“stallion”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vanji: wurom (“stallion”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "*(w)r̥šā"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: *(w)r̥šā\nMiddle Persian:\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwšn' /gušn/)\nPersian: گشن (gošn, “male”)\n→ Classical Syriac: ܐܘܫܢܐ (ˀwšnˀ /ˀōšnā/, “stallion, stud”)\n→ Ancient Greek: Ἀρσής (Arsḗs)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: *(w)r̥šā\nMiddle Persian:\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwšn' /gušn/)\nPersian: گشن (gošn, “male”)\n→ Classical Syriac: ܐܘܫܢܐ (ˀwšnˀ /ˀōšnā/, “stallion, stud”)\n→ Ancient Greek: Ἀρσής (Arsḗs)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "iir-pro>*(w)ŕ̥šā>virile man",
"id": "virile man"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*(w)ŕ̥šā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)ŕ̥šā",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)ŕ̥šā.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ŕ̥šā ~ *r̥šnáh",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"head": "*(w)ŕ̥šā ~ *(w)r̥šnáh"
},
"expansion": "*(w)ŕ̥šā ~ *(w)r̥šnáh m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/(w)ŕ̥šā",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"virile man"
],
"links": [
[
"virile",
"virile"
],
[
"man",
"man"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"male animal"
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "(w)ŕ̥šā"
}
Download raw JSONL data for (w)ŕ̥šā meaning in All languages combined (14.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.