"kvisti" meaning in Proto-Slavic

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "цвьсти"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: цвьсти (cvĭsti)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: цвьсти (cvĭsti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "цвісці́",
            "3": "цьвісьці́"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: цвісці́ (cviscí), цьвісьці́ (cʹvisʹcí)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Tarashkevitsa orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(Tarashkevitsa orthography)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: цвісці́ (cviscí), цьвісьці́ (cʹvisʹcí) (Tarashkevitsa orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "цвести́",
            "3": "цвѣсти́"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: цвести́ (cvestí), цвѣсти́ (cvěstí)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: цвести́ (cvestí), цвѣсти́ (cvěstí) (obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "квісти́",
            "3": "цвісти́"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: квісти́ (kvistý), цвісти́ (cvistý)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: квісти́ (kvistý), цвісти́ (cvistý)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: цвисти (cvisti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Glagolitic: [Term?]"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "цъфтя́",
            "3": "цъвтя́"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: цъфтя́ (cǎftjá), цъвтя́ (cǎvtjá)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: цъфтя́ (cǎftjá), цъвтя́ (cǎvtjá) (obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "цвета"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: цвета (cveta)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: цвета (cveta)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "цва̀сти",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: цва̀сти",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: цва̀сти"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "cvàsti",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: cvàsti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: cvàsti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "cvèsti",
            "bor": "",
            "der": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: cvèsti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cvèsti",
            "2": "cvestȉ",
            "3": "cvésti"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: cvèsti, cvestȉ, cvésti (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: cvèsti, cvestȉ, cvésti (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "kvisti"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: kvisti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: kvisti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "kvésti"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: kvésti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "archaic"
          },
          "expansion": "(archaic)",
          "name": "i"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: kvésti (archaic), kvést"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "kwiść"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: kwiść",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: kwiść"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "kwiść"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: kwiść",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "archaic or dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(archaic or dialectal)",
          "name": "i"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: kwiść (archaic or dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "kwisć"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kwisć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: kwisć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: 1sg. ktu (infinitive kćěć is from *kvьtěti)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱweyt-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*kweistei"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kweistei",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kvitêt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shimmer, to glimmer"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kvitêt (“to shimmer, to glimmer”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱweyt-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱweyt-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to become bright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt- (“to become bright”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kweyt-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to shine"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kweyt- (“to shine”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kweistei. Related to Latvian kvitêt (“to shimmer, to glimmer”).\n* Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt-, where Proto-Indo-European *ḱw- is depalatalized to *kw- in Balto-Slavic before a back vowel but has its regular reflex św- before a front vowel, and the complex pattern of related Proto-Slavic words with *kv- and *sv- (see Related terms, below) is due to analogical changes in both directions.\n* Per Rix (LIV), there are two separate roots, Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt- (“to become bright”) and Proto-Indo-European *kweyt- (“to shine”), the latter found only in Balto-Slavic.\n* Chernykh refers to a substitution of \"West-European\" *k in place of *ḱ-, presumably suggesting a borrowing from a Centum language to the West of Proto-Balto-Slavic.\n* Trubachev's theory is of \"secondary centumization\", which appears to be essentially the same as Chernykh's.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kvistì",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtenьje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvisti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvistъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtlъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtenъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьty",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtoxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьteši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtetь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtoxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьteta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtosta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtoste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtevě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьteta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtoxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtoste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtošę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtemъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtǫtь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěaxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěaxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěašeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěvě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěaxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěaxǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěmъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "kvьt-",
        "ap": "c"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kvisti",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -C-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm c",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Slovene quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bloom, to blossom, to flower"
      ],
      "id": "en-kvisti-sla-pro-verb-zlVknN-H",
      "links": [
        [
          "bloom",
          "bloom"
        ],
        [
          "blossom",
          "blossom"
        ],
        [
          "flower",
          "flower"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "květъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "kvьtěti"
        },
        {
          "word": "svěťa"
        },
        {
          "word": "svě̑tъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "svьtěti"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Marko Snoj",
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kvisti"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "цвьсти"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: цвьсти (cvĭsti)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: цвьсти (cvĭsti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "цвісці́",
            "3": "цьвісьці́"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: цвісці́ (cviscí), цьвісьці́ (cʹvisʹcí)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Tarashkevitsa orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(Tarashkevitsa orthography)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: цвісці́ (cviscí), цьвісьці́ (cʹvisʹcí) (Tarashkevitsa orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "цвести́",
            "3": "цвѣсти́"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: цвести́ (cvestí), цвѣсти́ (cvěstí)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: цвести́ (cvestí), цвѣсти́ (cvěstí) (obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "квісти́",
            "3": "цвісти́"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: квісти́ (kvistý), цвісти́ (cvistý)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: квісти́ (kvistý), цвісти́ (cvistý)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: цвисти (cvisti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Glagolitic: [Term?]"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "цъфтя́",
            "3": "цъвтя́"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: цъфтя́ (cǎftjá), цъвтя́ (cǎvtjá)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: цъфтя́ (cǎftjá), цъвтя́ (cǎvtjá) (obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "цвета"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: цвета (cveta)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: цвета (cveta)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "цва̀сти",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: цва̀сти",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: цва̀сти"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "cvàsti",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: cvàsti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: cvàsti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "cvèsti",
            "bor": "",
            "der": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: cvèsti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cvèsti",
            "2": "cvestȉ",
            "3": "cvésti"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: cvèsti, cvestȉ, cvésti (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: cvèsti, cvestȉ, cvésti (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "kvisti"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: kvisti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: kvisti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "kvésti"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: kvésti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "archaic"
          },
          "expansion": "(archaic)",
          "name": "i"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: kvésti (archaic), kvést"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "kwiść"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: kwiść",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: kwiść"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "kwiść"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: kwiść",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "archaic or dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(archaic or dialectal)",
          "name": "i"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: kwiść (archaic or dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "kwisć"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kwisć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: kwisć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: 1sg. ktu (infinitive kćěć is from *kvьtěti)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱweyt-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*kweistei"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kweistei",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kvitêt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shimmer, to glimmer"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kvitêt (“to shimmer, to glimmer”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱweyt-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱweyt-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to become bright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt- (“to become bright”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kweyt-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to shine"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kweyt- (“to shine”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kweistei. Related to Latvian kvitêt (“to shimmer, to glimmer”).\n* Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt-, where Proto-Indo-European *ḱw- is depalatalized to *kw- in Balto-Slavic before a back vowel but has its regular reflex św- before a front vowel, and the complex pattern of related Proto-Slavic words with *kv- and *sv- (see Related terms, below) is due to analogical changes in both directions.\n* Per Rix (LIV), there are two separate roots, Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt- (“to become bright”) and Proto-Indo-European *kweyt- (“to shine”), the latter found only in Balto-Slavic.\n* Chernykh refers to a substitution of \"West-European\" *k in place of *ḱ-, presumably suggesting a borrowing from a Centum language to the West of Proto-Balto-Slavic.\n* Trubachev's theory is of \"secondary centumization\", which appears to be essentially the same as Chernykh's.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kvistì",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtenьje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvisti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvistъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtlъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtenъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьty",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtoxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьteši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtetь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtoxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьteta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtosta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtoste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtevě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьteta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtoxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtoste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtošę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtemъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtǫtь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěaxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěaxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěašeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěvě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěaxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěaxǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěmъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kvьtěte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "kvьt-",
        "ap": "c"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kvisti",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "květъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "kvьtěti"
    },
    {
      "word": "svěťa"
    },
    {
      "word": "svě̑tъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "svьtěti"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱweyt-",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -C-",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm c",
        "Slovene quotations with omitted translation",
        "Slovene terms with quotations",
        "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
        "Undetermined terms with quotations",
        "sla-conj with extra parameters/ap",
        "sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bloom, to blossom, to flower"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bloom",
          "bloom"
        ],
        [
          "blossom",
          "blossom"
        ],
        [
          "flower",
          "flower"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Marko Snoj",
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kvisti"
}