See -izô in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -izô meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-ra"
},
"expansion": "Old English: -ra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: -ra"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-er"
},
"expansion": "English: -er",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -er"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "-era"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: -era",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: -era"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "-er"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: -er",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: -er"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-iro"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: -iro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: -iro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*-iro",
"3": "*-ero"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *-iro, *-ero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *-iro, *-ero"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "-er"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: -er",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: -er"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-er"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -er",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -er"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-iro"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: -iro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: -iro"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-er"
},
"expansion": "German: -er",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: -er"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-ri"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: -ri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: -ri"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-ri"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: -ri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: -ri"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "-ri"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: -ri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: -ri"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-re"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: -re",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: -re"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-re"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: -re",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: -re"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-re"
},
"expansion": "Danish: -re",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: -re"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐌹𐌶𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: -𐌹𐌶𐌰 (-iza)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: -𐌹𐌶𐌰 (-iza)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yōs",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-yōs",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-iz ô",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-iz",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "-istaz",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj-anin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an/īn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-izô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iziniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iziniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-iz"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-anin"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-izô",
"10": "*-izammiz",
"11": "*-izį̄",
"12": "*-izīnų",
"13": "*-izīniz",
"14": "*-izīni",
"15": "*-izīnē",
"16": "*-izīniz",
"17": "*-izīnunz",
"18": "*-izīnǫ̂",
"19": "*-izīmaz",
"2": "*-izanų",
"20": "*-izīmiz",
"21": "*-izô",
"22": "*-izô",
"23": "*-iziniz",
"24": "*-izini",
"25": "*-izinē",
"26": "*-izōnō",
"27": "*-izōnō",
"28": "*-izanǫ̂",
"29": "*-izammaz",
"3": "*-iziniz",
"30": "*-izammiz",
"4": "*-izini",
"5": "*-izinē",
"6": "*-izaniz",
"7": "*-izanunz",
"8": "*-izanǫ̂",
"9": "*-izammaz",
"title": "*-izô (an/īn-stem)"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-izô",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-er. Forms the comparative of certain adjectives."
],
"id": "en--izô-gem-pro-suffix-cuQ5j1XK",
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/i.zɔːː/"
}
],
"word": "-izô"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-ra"
},
"expansion": "Old English: -ra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: -ra"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-er"
},
"expansion": "English: -er",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -er"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "-era"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: -era",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: -era"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "-er"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: -er",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: -er"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-iro"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: -iro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: -iro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*-iro",
"3": "*-ero"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *-iro, *-ero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *-iro, *-ero"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "-er"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: -er",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: -er"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-er"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -er",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -er"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-iro"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: -iro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: -iro"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-er"
},
"expansion": "German: -er",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: -er"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-ri"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: -ri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: -ri"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-ri"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: -ri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: -ri"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "-ri"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: -ri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: -ri"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-re"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: -re",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: -re"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-re"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: -re",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: -re"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-re"
},
"expansion": "Danish: -re",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: -re"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐌹𐌶𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: -𐌹𐌶𐌰 (-iza)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: -𐌹𐌶𐌰 (-iza)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yōs",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-yōs",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-iz ô",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-iz",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "-istaz",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj-anin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an/īn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-izô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iziniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iziniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izīmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-izinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-izammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-iz"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-anin"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-izô",
"10": "*-izammiz",
"11": "*-izį̄",
"12": "*-izīnų",
"13": "*-izīniz",
"14": "*-izīni",
"15": "*-izīnē",
"16": "*-izīniz",
"17": "*-izīnunz",
"18": "*-izīnǫ̂",
"19": "*-izīmaz",
"2": "*-izanų",
"20": "*-izīmiz",
"21": "*-izô",
"22": "*-izô",
"23": "*-iziniz",
"24": "*-izini",
"25": "*-izinē",
"26": "*-izōnō",
"27": "*-izōnō",
"28": "*-izanǫ̂",
"29": "*-izammaz",
"3": "*-iziniz",
"30": "*-izammiz",
"4": "*-izini",
"5": "*-izinē",
"6": "*-izaniz",
"7": "*-izanunz",
"8": "*-izanǫ̂",
"9": "*-izammaz",
"title": "*-izô (an/īn-stem)"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-izô",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic an/īn-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"-er. Forms the comparative of certain adjectives."
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/i.zɔːː/"
}
],
"word": "-izô"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.