"す" meaning in Old Japanese

See in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Forms: -su [romanization]
Etymology: table Possibly cognate with modern Korean 새 (sae, “bird”). Etymology templates: {{etymid|ojp|bird}} table, {{cog|ko|새||bird}} Korean 새 (sae, “bird”) Head templates: {{head|ojp|suffix|tr=-su}} す (-su)
  1. representing birds Tags: morpheme Derived forms: (ugupi1su), (karasu), ほととぎす (poto2to2gi1su), もず (mo1zu)
    Sense id: en-す-ojp-suffix-0UTtPyIT
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Verb

Etymology: table From Proto-Japonic *su. Etymology templates: {{etymid|ojp|verb}} table, {{inh|ojp|jpx-pro|*su}} Proto-Japonic *su Head templates: {{head|ojp|verb|tr=su}} す (su) Inflection templates: {{ja-conj-bungo||irreg-s}} Forms: su [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], せ [irrealis, stem], se [irrealis, stem], し [continuative, stem], si [continuative, stem], [stem, terminative], su [stem, terminative], する [attributive, stem], suru [attributive, stem], すれ [realis, stem], sure [realis, stem], せよ [imperative, stem], seyo [imperative, stem], せず [error-unrecognized-form, negative], sezu [error-unrecognized-form, negative], すれど [contrastive, error-unrecognized-form], suredo [contrastive, error-unrecognized-form], すれば [causative, error-unrecognized-form], sureba [causative, error-unrecognized-form], せば [conditional, error-unrecognized-form], seba [conditional, error-unrecognized-form], しき [error-unrecognized-form, past], siki [error-unrecognized-form, past], しけり [error-unrecognized-form, past], sikeri [error-unrecognized-form, past], しつ [error-unrecognized-form, perfect], situ [error-unrecognized-form, perfect], しぬ [error-unrecognized-form, perfect], sinu [error-unrecognized-form, perfect], せり [continuative, error-unrecognized-form, perfect], したり [continuative, error-unrecognized-form, perfect], seri [continuative, error-unrecognized-form, perfect], sitari [continuative, error-unrecognized-form, perfect], せむ [error-unrecognized-form, volitional], semu [error-unrecognized-form, volitional]
  1. to do
    Sense id: en-す-ojp-verb-IXZV9I3e
  2. to happen, occur
    Sense id: en-す-ojp-verb-4mEPipF1
  3. to be in a state of something
    Sense id: en-す-ojp-verb--5JRm8jW
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

Etymology: table Attaches to 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis or incomplete form”) of 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō, “quadrigrade conjugation”) and サ行変格活用 (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs. Etymology templates: {{etymid|ojp|honorific}} table Head templates: {{head|ojp|verb|tr=-su}} す (-su) Inflection templates: {{ja-conj-bungo||4-s}} Forms: -su [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], さ [irrealis, stem], sa [irrealis, stem], し [continuative, stem], si [continuative, stem], [stem, terminative], su [stem, terminative], [attributive, stem], su [attributive, stem], せ [realis, stem], se [realis, stem], せ [imperative, stem], se [imperative, stem], さず [error-unrecognized-form, negative], sazu [error-unrecognized-form, negative], せど [contrastive, error-unrecognized-form], sedo [contrastive, error-unrecognized-form], せば [causative, error-unrecognized-form], seba [causative, error-unrecognized-form], さば [conditional, error-unrecognized-form], saba [conditional, error-unrecognized-form], しき [error-unrecognized-form, past], siki [error-unrecognized-form, past], しけり [error-unrecognized-form, past], sikeri [error-unrecognized-form, past], しつ [error-unrecognized-form, perfect], situ [error-unrecognized-form, perfect], しぬ [error-unrecognized-form, perfect], sinu [error-unrecognized-form, perfect], せり [continuative, error-unrecognized-form, perfect], したり [continuative, error-unrecognized-form, perfect], seri [continuative, error-unrecognized-form, perfect], sitari [continuative, error-unrecognized-form, perfect], さむ [error-unrecognized-form, volitional], samu [error-unrecognized-form, volitional]
  1. indicates light respect and slight affection
    Sense id: en-す-ojp-verb-STP0dfN9
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for す meaning in Old Japanese (9.2kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "す",
            "tr": "su"
          },
          "expansion": "Japanese: す (su)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Japanese: す (su) → する (suru)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kagoshima dialect: すっ (su')"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "table",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "*su"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *su",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Japonic *su.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "su",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-conj-bungo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "si",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "す",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "su",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すれど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suredo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "siki",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sikeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "situ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sinu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "したり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sitari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "semu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "volitional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "verb",
        "tr": "su"
      },
      "expansion": "す (su)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "irreg-s"
      },
      "name": "ja-conj-bungo"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ojp",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to do"
      ],
      "id": "en-す-ojp-verb-IXZV9I3e",
      "links": [
        [
          "do",
          "do"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to happen, occur"
      ],
      "id": "en-す-ojp-verb-4mEPipF1",
      "links": [
        [
          "happen",
          "happen"
        ],
        [
          "occur",
          "occur"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be in a state of something"
      ],
      "id": "en-す-ojp-verb--5JRm8jW",
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "す"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "honorific"
      },
      "expansion": "table",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "table\nAttaches to 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis or incomplete form”) of 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō, “quadrigrade conjugation”) and サ行変格活用 (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-su",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-conj-bungo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "さ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "si",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "す",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "su",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "す",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "su",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "さず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sedo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "さば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "siki",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sikeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "situ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sinu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "したり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sitari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "さむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "samu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "volitional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "verb",
        "tr": "-su"
      },
      "expansion": "す (-su)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "4-s"
      },
      "name": "ja-conj-bungo"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ojp",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "indicates light respect and slight affection"
      ],
      "id": "en-す-ojp-verb-STP0dfN9",
      "links": [
        [
          "indicate",
          "indicate#English"
        ],
        [
          "light",
          "light#English"
        ],
        [
          "respect",
          "respect#English"
        ],
        [
          "slight",
          "slight#English"
        ],
        [
          "affection",
          "affection#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "す"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "bird"
      },
      "expansion": "table",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "새",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bird"
      },
      "expansion": "Korean 새 (sae, “bird”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "table\nPossibly cognate with modern Korean 새 (sae, “bird”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-su",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "suffix",
        "tr": "-su"
      },
      "expansion": "す (-su)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ojp",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "ugupi1su",
          "word": "鶯"
        },
        {
          "roman": "karasu",
          "word": "烏"
        },
        {
          "roman": "poto2to2gi1su",
          "word": "ほととぎす"
        },
        {
          "roman": "mo1zu",
          "word": "もず"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "representing birds"
      ],
      "id": "en-す-ojp-suffix-0UTtPyIT",
      "links": [
        [
          "represent",
          "represent#English"
        ],
        [
          "bird",
          "bird#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "す"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Japanese lemmas",
    "Old Japanese suffixes",
    "Old Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
    "Old Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
    "Old Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "す",
            "tr": "su"
          },
          "expansion": "Japanese: す (su)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Japanese: す (su) → する (suru)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kagoshima dialect: すっ (su')"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "table",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "*su"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *su",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Japonic *su.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "su",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-conj-bungo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "si",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "す",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "su",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すれど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suredo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "siki",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sikeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "situ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sinu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "したり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sitari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "semu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "volitional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "verb",
        "tr": "su"
      },
      "expansion": "す (su)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "irreg-s"
      },
      "name": "ja-conj-bungo"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ojp",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to do"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "do",
          "do"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to happen, occur"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "happen",
          "happen"
        ],
        [
          "occur",
          "occur"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be in a state of something"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "す"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Japanese lemmas",
    "Old Japanese suffixes",
    "Old Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "honorific"
      },
      "expansion": "table",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "table\nAttaches to 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis or incomplete form”) of 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō, “quadrigrade conjugation”) and サ行変格活用 (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-su",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-conj-bungo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "さ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "si",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "す",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "su",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "す",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "su",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "se",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "さず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sedo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "さば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "siki",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sikeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "situ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "しぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sinu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "したり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sitari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "さむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "samu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "volitional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "verb",
        "tr": "-su"
      },
      "expansion": "す (-su)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "4-s"
      },
      "name": "ja-conj-bungo"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ojp",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "indicates light respect and slight affection"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "indicate",
          "indicate#English"
        ],
        [
          "light",
          "light#English"
        ],
        [
          "respect",
          "respect#English"
        ],
        [
          "slight",
          "slight#English"
        ],
        [
          "affection",
          "affection#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "す"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Japanese lemmas",
    "Old Japanese suffixes"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "ugupi1su",
      "word": "鶯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karasu",
      "word": "烏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "poto2to2gi1su",
      "word": "ほととぎす"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mo1zu",
      "word": "もず"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "bird"
      },
      "expansion": "table",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "새",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bird"
      },
      "expansion": "Korean 새 (sae, “bird”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "table\nPossibly cognate with modern Korean 새 (sae, “bird”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-su",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "suffix",
        "tr": "-su"
      },
      "expansion": "す (-su)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ojp",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "representing birds"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "represent",
          "represent#English"
        ],
        [
          "bird",
          "bird#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "す"
}
{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: す/Old Japanese 'Key constructions' base_tags={'stem'}",
  "path": [
    "す"
  ],
  "section": "Old Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "す",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: す/Old Japanese 'Key constructions' base_tags={'stem'}",
  "path": [
    "す"
  ],
  "section": "Old Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "す",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.