See ruffian on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自中古法語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自意大利語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 人",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語可數名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自中古法語 rufian，源自意大利語 ruffiano (“皮条客”)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruffians",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名词",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"恶徒，无赖，恶棍；狡诈的人；不可靠的人"
],
"id": "zh-ruffian-en-noun-SXJHYgN0"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有棄用詞義的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"拉皮条者"
],
"id": "zh-ruffian-en-noun-FWU5Ykfo",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有棄用詞義的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1621, John Reynolds, The Triumphs of God's Revenge against the crying and execrable Sinne of Murther",
"text": "He [her husband] is no sooner abroad than she is instantly at home, revelling with her ruffians."
}
],
"glosses": [
"情人"
],
"id": "zh-ruffian-en-noun-KScJ8nw0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌfi.ən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"（英国）音频"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "恶徒，无赖，恶棍；狡诈的人；不可靠的人",
"word": "rogue"
},
{
"sense": "恶徒，无赖，恶棍；狡诈的人；不可靠的人",
"word": "scamp"
}
],
"word": "ruffian"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自中古法語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自意大利語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 人",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自中古法語 rufian，源自意大利語 ruffiano (“皮条客”)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruffians",
"raw_tags": [
"第三人稱單數簡單現在時"
]
},
{
"form": "ruffianing",
"raw_tags": [
"現在分詞"
]
},
{
"form": "ruffianed",
"raw_tags": [
"一般過去時及過去分詞"
]
}
],
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "动词",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有引文的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語引文翻譯請求",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "约1603–1604年, 威廉·莎士比亚, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice [奥赛罗]”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (第一对开本), 伦敦: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:",
"text": "Methinks the wind does speak aloud at land; A fuller blast ne'er shook our battlements. If it hath ruffianed so upon the sea.",
"translation": "奥赛罗"
}
],
"glosses": [
"暴乱"
],
"id": "zh-ruffian-en-verb-Hs9Tjz-y"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌfi.ən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"（英国）音频"
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}
],
"word": "ruffian"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自中古法語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自意大利語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 人",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自中古法語 rufian，源自意大利語 ruffiano (“皮条客”)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more ruffian",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most ruffian",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "形容词",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有使用例的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ruffian rage",
"translation": "狂怒"
}
],
"glosses": [
"残忍的，嗜血的，惨绝人寰的，滥杀的"
],
"id": "zh-ruffian-en-adj-dqm6Cq4F"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌfi.ən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"（英国）音频"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav"
}
],
"word": "ruffian"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "標題行有紅鏈的法語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語可數名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語陽性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruffians",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "法语",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名词",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "rufian"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1943, Jean Ray, Malpertuis, 1978 ed., p. 8",
"text": "Il n'y a que la fortune pour faire d'un ruffian un honnête homme, soumis aux lois humaines."
}
],
"glosses": [
"rufian的另一種拼寫法"
],
"id": "zh-ruffian-fr-noun-00GY7ybi",
"tags": [
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-ruffian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-ruffian.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-ruffian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-ruffian.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-ruffian.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音频"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-ruffian.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruffian"
}
{
"categories": [
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"標題行有紅鏈的法語名詞",
"法語可數名詞",
"法語名詞",
"法語詞元",
"法語陽性名詞"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruffians",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "法语",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名词",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "rufian"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1943, Jean Ray, Malpertuis, 1978 ed., p. 8",
"text": "Il n'y a que la fortune pour faire d'un ruffian un honnête homme, soumis aux lois humaines."
}
],
"glosses": [
"rufian的另一種拼寫法"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-ruffian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-ruffian.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-ruffian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-ruffian.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-ruffian.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音频"
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"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-ruffian.wav"
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],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruffian"
}
{
"categories": [
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自中古法語的英語詞",
"派生自意大利語的英語詞",
"英語 人",
"英語可數名詞",
"英語名詞",
"英語詞元"
],
"etymology_text": "源自中古法語 rufian，源自意大利語 ruffiano (“皮条客”)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruffians",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名词",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"恶徒，无赖，恶棍；狡诈的人；不可靠的人"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"有棄用詞義的英語詞"
],
"glosses": [
"拉皮条者"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"有棄用詞義的英語詞"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1621, John Reynolds, The Triumphs of God's Revenge against the crying and execrable Sinne of Murther",
"text": "He [her husband] is no sooner abroad than she is instantly at home, revelling with her ruffians."
}
],
"glosses": [
"情人"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌfi.ən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"（英国）音频"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "恶徒，无赖，恶棍；狡诈的人；不可靠的人",
"word": "rogue"
},
{
"sense": "恶徒，无赖，恶棍；狡诈的人；不可靠的人",
"word": "scamp"
}
],
"word": "ruffian"
}
{
"categories": [
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自中古法語的英語詞",
"派生自意大利語的英語詞",
"英語 人",
"英語動詞",
"英語詞元"
],
"etymology_text": "源自中古法語 rufian，源自意大利語 ruffiano (“皮条客”)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruffians",
"raw_tags": [
"第三人稱單數簡單現在時"
]
},
{
"form": "ruffianing",
"raw_tags": [
"現在分詞"
]
},
{
"form": "ruffianed",
"raw_tags": [
"一般過去時及過去分詞"
]
}
],
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "动词",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"有引文的英語詞",
"英語引文翻譯請求"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "约1603–1604年, 威廉·莎士比亚, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice [奥赛罗]”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (第一对开本), 伦敦: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:",
"text": "Methinks the wind does speak aloud at land; A fuller blast ne'er shook our battlements. If it hath ruffianed so upon the sea.",
"translation": "奥赛罗"
}
],
"glosses": [
"暴乱"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌfi.ən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"（英国）音频"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav"
}
],
"word": "ruffian"
}
{
"categories": [
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自中古法語的英語詞",
"派生自意大利語的英語詞",
"英語 人",
"英語形容詞",
"英語詞元"
],
"etymology_text": "源自中古法語 rufian，源自意大利語 ruffiano (“皮条客”)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more ruffian",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most ruffian",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"lang": "英语",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "形容词",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"有使用例的英語詞"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ruffian rage",
"translation": "狂怒"
}
],
"glosses": [
"残忍的，嗜血的，惨绝人寰的，滥杀的"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌfi.ən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"（英国）音频"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ruffian.wav"
}
],
"word": "ruffian"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ruffian meaning in All languages combined (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-11 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (11b4543 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.