See pugno on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for pugno meaning in All languages combined (7.7kB)
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "世界語同源對似詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "世界語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "世界語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自意大利語的世界語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自拉丁語的世界語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自意大利語的世界語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自意大利語的世界語形譯詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "形譯自意大利語 pugno，源自拉丁語 pugnus (“拳头；一握（东西）”)。对比法語 poing、西班牙語 puño、羅馬尼亞語 pumn、葡萄牙語 punho。ponardo的同源對似詞。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugnon",
"raw_tags": [
"賓格單數"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnoj",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnojn",
"raw_tags": [
"賓格複數"
]
}
],
"lang": "世界语",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Li kolere svingis sian pugnon al mi. \"Ni batalu,\" li kriis.",
"translation": "他生气地挥拳打向我。“我们打架啊！”他大喊道。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"拳头"
],
"id": "zh-pugno-eo-noun-OucvSGKy"
}
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "因特語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "因特語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugnos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "因特语",
"lang_code": "ia",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"拳头"
],
"id": "zh-pugno-ia-noun-OucvSGKy"
}
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "原始印歐語紅鏈",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "原始印歐語紅鏈/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自原始印歐語的意大利語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自原始意大利語的意大利語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自拉丁語的意大利語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自原始印歐語的意大利語繼承詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自原始意大利語的意大利語繼承詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自拉丁語的意大利語繼承詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pugnale"
},
{
"word": "impugnare"
},
{
"word": "pugnare"
},
{
"word": "pugnello"
},
{
"word": "pugno di ferro"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "bouniá",
"word": "μπουνιά"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自拉丁語 pugnus，源自原始意大利語 *pugnos，源自原始印歐語 *puǵnos，源自 *pewǵ- (“刺；拳打”)。",
"lang": "意大利语",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"拳头"
],
"id": "zh-pugno-it-noun-OucvSGKy"
},
{
"glosses": [
"拳打"
],
"id": "zh-pugno-it-noun-T1BDFE30"
},
{
"glosses": [
"一手，一握（物品）"
],
"id": "zh-pugno-it-noun-2JXG6c5V"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2020 September 24, Massimo Basile, “Biden sì, ma non troppo: nel Minnesota di Floyd nessun voto è scontato”, 出自 la Repubblica:",
"text": "In realtà da decenni qui i repubblicani perdono per un pugno di voti."
}
],
"glosses": [
"一点"
],
"id": "zh-pugno-it-noun-FIsW5gMY",
"raw_tags": [
"引申义"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"error-lua-exec"
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "意大利語動詞變位形式",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "意大利語非詞元形式",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自拉丁語 pugnus，源自原始意大利語 *pugnos，源自原始印歐語 *puǵnos，源自 *pewǵ- (“刺；拳打”)。",
"lang": "意大利语",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pugnare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pugnare 的第一人稱單數現在時直陳式"
],
"id": "zh-pugno-it-verb-dvOnZ2nJ",
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "來自原始印歐語詞根*pewǵ-的拉丁語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "含有後綴-o (動詞化後綴)的拉丁語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "拉丁語名詞變格形",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "拉丁語非詞元形式",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自原始印歐語的拉丁語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自pugnus (“拳”) + -ō。",
"lang": "拉丁语",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Inflections with a red link for lemma",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pugnus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pugnus 的與格/奪格單數"
],
"id": "zh-pugno-la-noun-BGM-nfwe",
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "拉丁語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "拉丁語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "puñar"
},
{
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "punyar"
},
{
"lang_code": "gl",
"roman": "pugnar",
"word": "puñar"
},
{
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "pugnare"
},
{
"lang_code": "es",
"roman": "pugnar",
"word": "puñar"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自pugnus (“拳”) + -ō。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugnāre",
"raw_tags": [
"现在时不定式"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnāvī",
"raw_tags": [
"完成时主动式"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnātum",
"raw_tags": [
"目的动名词"
]
}
],
"lang": "拉丁语",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"打斗，战斗"
],
"id": "zh-pugno-la-verb-PHcOHLFE"
},
{
"glosses": [
"反对，与...争斗，抵触"
],
"id": "zh-pugno-la-verb-g04UuKWx"
},
{
"glosses": [
"努力，竭力"
],
"id": "zh-pugno-la-verb-7EFtNgFN"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "lūctor"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "repugnō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "contendō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "dēcernō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "committō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "concurrō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "certō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "bellō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "dīmicō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "cōnflīgō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "serō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "certō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "cōnītor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "cōnor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "appetō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "temptō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "affectō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "tendō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "quaerō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "studeō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "contendō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "adnītor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "labōrō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "īnsequor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "molior"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "perīclitor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "nītor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "ēnītor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "spectō"
}
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "西班牙語動詞變位形式",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "西班牙語非詞元形式",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"lang": "西班牙语",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pugnar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pugnar 的第一人稱單數現在時直陳式"
],
"id": "zh-pugno-es-verb-HVmpAFrA",
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
"世界語同源對似詞",
"世界語名詞",
"世界語詞元",
"派生自意大利語的世界語詞",
"派生自拉丁語的世界語詞",
"源自意大利語的世界語借詞",
"源自意大利語的世界語形譯詞"
],
"etymology_text": "形譯自意大利語 pugno，源自拉丁語 pugnus (“拳头；一握（东西）”)。对比法語 poing、西班牙語 puño、羅馬尼亞語 pumn、葡萄牙語 punho。ponardo的同源對似詞。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugnon",
"raw_tags": [
"賓格單數"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnoj",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnojn",
"raw_tags": [
"賓格複數"
]
}
],
"lang": "世界语",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Li kolere svingis sian pugnon al mi. \"Ni batalu,\" li kriis.",
"translation": "他生气地挥拳打向我。“我们打架啊！”他大喊道。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"拳头"
]
}
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
"因特語名詞",
"因特語詞元"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugnos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "因特语",
"lang_code": "ia",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"拳头"
]
}
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
"原始印歐語紅鏈",
"原始印歐語紅鏈/m",
"派生自原始印歐語的意大利語詞",
"派生自原始意大利語的意大利語詞",
"派生自拉丁語的意大利語詞",
"源自原始印歐語的意大利語繼承詞",
"源自原始意大利語的意大利語繼承詞",
"源自拉丁語的意大利語繼承詞"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pugnale"
},
{
"word": "impugnare"
},
{
"word": "pugnare"
},
{
"word": "pugnello"
},
{
"word": "pugno di ferro"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "bouniá",
"word": "μπουνιά"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自拉丁語 pugnus，源自原始意大利語 *pugnos，源自原始印歐語 *puǵnos，源自 *pewǵ- (“刺；拳打”)。",
"lang": "意大利语",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"拳头"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"拳打"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"一手，一握（物品）"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2020 September 24, Massimo Basile, “Biden sì, ma non troppo: nel Minnesota di Floyd nessun voto è scontato”, 出自 la Repubblica:",
"text": "In realtà da decenni qui i repubblicani perdono per un pugno di voti."
}
],
"glosses": [
"一点"
],
"raw_tags": [
"引申义"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"error-lua-exec"
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
"意大利語動詞變位形式",
"意大利語非詞元形式"
],
"etymology_text": "源自拉丁語 pugnus，源自原始意大利語 *pugnos，源自原始印歐語 *puǵnos，源自 *pewǵ- (“刺；拳打”)。",
"lang": "意大利语",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pugnare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pugnare 的第一人稱單數現在時直陳式"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
"來自原始印歐語詞根*pewǵ-的拉丁語詞",
"含有後綴-o (動詞化後綴)的拉丁語詞",
"拉丁語名詞變格形",
"拉丁語非詞元形式",
"派生自原始印歐語的拉丁語詞"
],
"etymology_text": "源自pugnus (“拳”) + -ō。",
"lang": "拉丁语",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Inflections with a red link for lemma"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pugnus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pugnus 的與格/奪格單數"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
"拉丁語動詞",
"拉丁語詞元"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "puñar"
},
{
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "punyar"
},
{
"lang_code": "gl",
"roman": "pugnar",
"word": "puñar"
},
{
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "pugnare"
},
{
"lang_code": "es",
"roman": "pugnar",
"word": "puñar"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自pugnus (“拳”) + -ō。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugnāre",
"raw_tags": [
"现在时不定式"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnāvī",
"raw_tags": [
"完成时主动式"
]
},
{
"form": "pugnātum",
"raw_tags": [
"目的动名词"
]
}
],
"lang": "拉丁语",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"打斗，战斗"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"反对，与...争斗，抵触"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"努力，竭力"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "lūctor"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "repugnō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "contendō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "dēcernō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "committō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "concurrō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "certō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "bellō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "dīmicō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "cōnflīgō"
},
{
"sense": "打斗，战斗",
"word": "serō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "certō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "cōnītor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "cōnor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "appetō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "temptō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "affectō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "tendō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "quaerō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "studeō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "contendō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "adnītor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "labōrō"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "īnsequor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "molior"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "perīclitor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "nītor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "ēnītor"
},
{
"sense": "努力，竭力",
"word": "spectō"
}
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"categories": [
"西班牙語動詞變位形式",
"西班牙語非詞元形式"
],
"lang": "西班牙语",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pugnar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pugnar 的第一人稱單數現在時直陳式"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "pugno"
}
{
"called_from": "luaexec/683",
"msg": "LUA error in #invoke('it-headword', 'show', '名詞') parent ('Template:It-noun', {1: 'm', 2: '+', 'pl2': 'pugna', 'pl2_g': 'f', 'pl2_qual': '古旧或文雅'})",
"path": [
"pugno",
"it-noun",
"#invoke",
"#invoke"
],
"section": "意大利语",
"subsection": "名词",
"title": "pugno",
"trace": "[string \"Module:parameters\"]:286: attempt to concatenate a nil value"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-05 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (52de4fa and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.