See masca on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "加利西亞語動詞變位形式",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "加利西亞語非詞元形式",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有7個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"lang": "加利西亞語",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mascar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mascar 的屈折变化形式：",
"第三人稱單數現在時直陳式"
],
"id": "zh-masca-gl-verb--WiWZPMO",
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mascar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mascar 的屈折变化形式：",
"第二人稱單數命令式"
],
"id": "zh-masca-gl-verb-UTpg3m5H",
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mascha"
},
{
"word": "mascara"
},
{
"word": "*mascra"
}
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "拉丁語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "拉丁語第一類變格名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "拉丁語第一類變格陰性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "拉丁語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "拉丁語陰性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有7個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自原始西日耳曼語的拉丁語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自原始西日耳曼語的拉丁語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "阿拉伯語紅鏈",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "阿拉伯語紅鏈/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "奧克語",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "masca"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "法語",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "mascotte"
}
],
"lang": "普羅旺斯方言",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "mascota"
},
{
"lang": "加利西亞語",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "mascoto"
}
],
"lang": "古奧克語",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "mascoto"
}
],
"lang": "古奧克語",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "masca"
},
{
"lang": "威尼斯語",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "máscara"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自原始西日耳曼語 *maskā (“網格，網孔”)，源于将网状网眼戴在脸上作为口罩过滤空气的做法，可防止烟尘和灰尘颗粒进入肺部。和德語 Larve 或 Fratze 等類似，這種令人感到可怕的樣子衍生出了“幽靈”，繼而是“女巫”的意思，儘管早在主義項進入拉丁語之前，次級衍生出的義項可能就已經被借入拉丁語了。\n帶 -r- 後綴的異體，可能來自 *maskā + *-þr + *-ā，在古英語 mæsċre 中已經簡化，据推测也被借入拉丁语，以解释意大利語 maschera，因為輔音簇的發音問題而插入了這個音，並可能與拉丁-羅曼語族後綴 -āria 聯繫起來，有的說法還引證了古法語 mascurer、maschurer (“把（臉）弄黑”)、奧克語 mascarar、加泰羅尼亞語 mascarar、瓦隆語 maxhurer，派生自 mascher (“重擊”) 和阿拉伯語 مَسْخَرَة (masḵara, “小丑、傻瓜、笑柄、任何荒谬的东西”) ← سَخِرَ (saḵira, “嘲笑”)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mascae",
"raw_tags": [
"属格"
]
}
],
"lang": "拉丁語",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "拉丁語引文翻譯請求",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有引文的拉丁語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "643, Edictum Rothari, section 197:",
"text": "De crimen nefandum. Si quis mundium de puella libera aut muliere habens eamque strigam, quod est mascam, clamaverit, excepto pater aut frater, ammittat mundium ipsius, ut supra, et illa potestatem habeat vult ad parentes, vult curtem regis cum rebus suis propriis se commendare, qui mundium eius in potestatem debeat habere. Et si vir ille negaverit, hoc crimen non dixissit, liceat eum se pureficare et mundium, sicut habuit, habere, si se pureficaverit."
},
{
"ref": "643, Edictum Rothari, section 376:",
"text": "Nullus presumat aldiam alienam aut ancillam quasi strigam, quem dicunt mascam, occidere, quod christianis mentibus nullatenus credendum est nec possibilem, ut mulier hominem vivum intrinsecus possit comedere. Si quis de cetero talem inlecitam et nefandam rem penetrare presumpserit: si aldiam occiderit, conponat pro statum eius solidos LX, et insuper addat pro culpa solidos centum, medietatem regi et medietatem cuius aldia fuerit. Si autem ancilla fuerit, conponat pro statum eius, ut supra constitutum est, si ministiriales aut rusticana fuerit; et insuper pro culpa solidos LX, medietatem regi et medietatem cuius ancilla fuerit. Si vero iudex huic opus malum penetrare iusserit, ipse de suo proprio pena suprascripta conponat."
}
],
"glosses": [
"女巫"
],
"id": "zh-masca-la-noun-pjkFTVnb"
},
{
"glosses": [
"幽靈；夢魘"
],
"id": "zh-masca-la-noun-x7ryuhwT"
},
{
"glosses": [
"面具"
],
"id": "zh-masca-la-noun-zOSnxHik"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "奧克語可數名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "奧克語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "奧克語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有7個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自中世紀拉丁語的奧克語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自古奧克語的奧克語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自古奧克語的奧克語繼承詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "繼承自古奧克語 mascoto，源自中世紀拉丁語 masca (“幽靈；夢魘”)。",
"lang": "奧克語",
"lang_code": "oc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"女巫"
],
"id": "zh-masca-oc-noun-pjkFTVnb"
},
{
"glosses": [
"面具"
],
"id": "zh-masca-oc-noun-zOSnxHik"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-masca.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q14185_(oci)-Davidgrosclaude-masca.wav/LL-Q14185_(oci)-Davidgrosclaude-masca.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q14185_(oci)-Davidgrosclaude-masca.wav/LL-Q14185_(oci)-Davidgrosclaude-masca.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-masca.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "女巫",
"word": "fachilhièra"
},
{
"sense": "女巫",
"word": "bruèissa"
},
{
"sense": "面具",
"word": "masqueta"
},
{
"word": "māsca"
},
{
"word": "maska"
},
{
"word": "māska"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "古高地德語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "古高地德語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有7個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自原始日耳曼語的古高地德語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自原始西日耳曼語的古高地德語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自原始日耳曼語的古高地德語繼承詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自原始西日耳曼語的古高地德語繼承詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "德語",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Masche"
},
{
"lang": "盧森堡語",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Masch"
}
],
"lang": "中古高地德語",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "masche"
}
],
"etymology_text": "繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *maskā (“網孔”)。",
"lang": "古高地德語",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"網孔，網格"
],
"id": "zh-masca-goh-noun-KGFMROZd"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有7個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "葡萄牙語動詞變位形式",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "葡萄牙語非詞元形式",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"lang": "葡萄牙語",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mascar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mascar 的屈折变化形式：",
"第三人稱單數現在時直陳式"
],
"id": "zh-masca-pt-verb--WiWZPMO",
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mascar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mascar 的屈折变化形式：",
"第二人稱單數命令式"
],
"id": "zh-masca-pt-verb-UTpg3m5H",
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有7個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自法語的羅馬尼亞語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自法語的羅馬尼亞語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "羅馬尼亞語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "羅馬尼亞語第一類變位動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "羅馬尼亞語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自法語 masquer。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "maschează",
"raw_tags": [
"第三人稱單數現在式"
]
},
{
"form": "mascat",
"raw_tags": [
"過去分詞"
]
}
],
"lang": "羅馬尼亞語",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"用面具遮蓋"
],
"id": "zh-masca-ro-verb-43kQ~hWt"
},
{
"glosses": [
"偽裝；掩蓋；隱藏"
],
"id": "zh-masca-ro-verb-EOHXAyKO"
}
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有7個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "西班牙語動詞變位形式",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "西班牙語非詞元形式",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"lang": "西班牙語",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mascar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mascar 的屈折变化形式：",
"第三人稱單數現在時直陳式"
],
"id": "zh-masca-es-verb--WiWZPMO",
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mascar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mascar 的屈折变化形式：",
"第二人稱單數命令式"
],
"id": "zh-masca-es-verb-UTpg3m5H",
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
"加利西亞語動詞變位形式",
"加利西亞語非詞元形式",
"有7個詞條的頁面"
],
"lang": "加利西亞語",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mascar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mascar 的屈折变化形式：",
"第三人稱單數現在時直陳式"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mascar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mascar 的屈折变化形式：",
"第二人稱單數命令式"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mascha"
},
{
"word": "mascara"
},
{
"word": "*mascra"
}
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
"古高地德語名詞",
"古高地德語詞元",
"有7個詞條的頁面",
"派生自原始日耳曼語的古高地德語詞",
"派生自原始西日耳曼語的古高地德語詞",
"源自原始日耳曼語的古高地德語繼承詞",
"源自原始西日耳曼語的古高地德語繼承詞"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "德語",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Masche"
},
{
"lang": "盧森堡語",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Masch"
}
],
"lang": "中古高地德語",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "masche"
}
],
"etymology_text": "繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *maskā (“網孔”)。",
"lang": "古高地德語",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"網孔，網格"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
"奧克語可數名詞",
"奧克語名詞",
"奧克語詞元",
"有7個詞條的頁面",
"派生自中世紀拉丁語的奧克語詞",
"派生自古奧克語的奧克語詞",
"源自古奧克語的奧克語繼承詞"
],
"etymology_text": "繼承自古奧克語 mascoto，源自中世紀拉丁語 masca (“幽靈；夢魘”)。",
"lang": "奧克語",
"lang_code": "oc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"女巫"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"面具"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-masca.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q14185_(oci)-Davidgrosclaude-masca.wav/LL-Q14185_(oci)-Davidgrosclaude-masca.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q14185_(oci)-Davidgrosclaude-masca.wav/LL-Q14185_(oci)-Davidgrosclaude-masca.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-masca.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "女巫",
"word": "fachilhièra"
},
{
"sense": "女巫",
"word": "bruèissa"
},
{
"sense": "面具",
"word": "masqueta"
},
{
"word": "māsca"
},
{
"word": "maska"
},
{
"word": "māska"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
"拉丁語名詞",
"拉丁語第一類變格名詞",
"拉丁語第一類變格陰性名詞",
"拉丁語詞元",
"拉丁語陰性名詞",
"有7個詞條的頁面",
"派生自原始西日耳曼語的拉丁語詞",
"源自原始西日耳曼語的拉丁語借詞",
"阿拉伯語紅鏈",
"阿拉伯語紅鏈/m"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "奧克語",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "masca"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "法語",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "mascotte"
}
],
"lang": "普羅旺斯方言",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "mascota"
},
{
"lang": "加利西亞語",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "mascoto"
}
],
"lang": "古奧克語",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "mascoto"
}
],
"lang": "古奧克語",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "masca"
},
{
"lang": "威尼斯語",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "máscara"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自原始西日耳曼語 *maskā (“網格，網孔”)，源于将网状网眼戴在脸上作为口罩过滤空气的做法，可防止烟尘和灰尘颗粒进入肺部。和德語 Larve 或 Fratze 等類似，這種令人感到可怕的樣子衍生出了“幽靈”，繼而是“女巫”的意思，儘管早在主義項進入拉丁語之前，次級衍生出的義項可能就已經被借入拉丁語了。\n帶 -r- 後綴的異體，可能來自 *maskā + *-þr + *-ā，在古英語 mæsċre 中已經簡化，据推测也被借入拉丁语，以解释意大利語 maschera，因為輔音簇的發音問題而插入了這個音，並可能與拉丁-羅曼語族後綴 -āria 聯繫起來，有的說法還引證了古法語 mascurer、maschurer (“把（臉）弄黑”)、奧克語 mascarar、加泰羅尼亞語 mascarar、瓦隆語 maxhurer，派生自 mascher (“重擊”) 和阿拉伯語 مَسْخَرَة (masḵara, “小丑、傻瓜、笑柄、任何荒谬的东西”) ← سَخِرَ (saḵira, “嘲笑”)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mascae",
"raw_tags": [
"属格"
]
}
],
"lang": "拉丁語",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"拉丁語引文翻譯請求",
"有引文的拉丁語詞"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "643, Edictum Rothari, section 197:",
"text": "De crimen nefandum. Si quis mundium de puella libera aut muliere habens eamque strigam, quod est mascam, clamaverit, excepto pater aut frater, ammittat mundium ipsius, ut supra, et illa potestatem habeat vult ad parentes, vult curtem regis cum rebus suis propriis se commendare, qui mundium eius in potestatem debeat habere. Et si vir ille negaverit, hoc crimen non dixissit, liceat eum se pureficare et mundium, sicut habuit, habere, si se pureficaverit."
},
{
"ref": "643, Edictum Rothari, section 376:",
"text": "Nullus presumat aldiam alienam aut ancillam quasi strigam, quem dicunt mascam, occidere, quod christianis mentibus nullatenus credendum est nec possibilem, ut mulier hominem vivum intrinsecus possit comedere. Si quis de cetero talem inlecitam et nefandam rem penetrare presumpserit: si aldiam occiderit, conponat pro statum eius solidos LX, et insuper addat pro culpa solidos centum, medietatem regi et medietatem cuius aldia fuerit. Si autem ancilla fuerit, conponat pro statum eius, ut supra constitutum est, si ministiriales aut rusticana fuerit; et insuper pro culpa solidos LX, medietatem regi et medietatem cuius ancilla fuerit. Si vero iudex huic opus malum penetrare iusserit, ipse de suo proprio pena suprascripta conponat."
}
],
"glosses": [
"女巫"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"幽靈；夢魘"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"面具"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
"有7個詞條的頁面",
"派生自法語的羅馬尼亞語詞",
"源自法語的羅馬尼亞語借詞",
"羅馬尼亞語動詞",
"羅馬尼亞語第一類變位動詞",
"羅馬尼亞語詞元"
],
"etymology_text": "借自法語 masquer。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "maschează",
"raw_tags": [
"第三人稱單數現在式"
]
},
{
"form": "mascat",
"raw_tags": [
"過去分詞"
]
}
],
"lang": "羅馬尼亞語",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"用面具遮蓋"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"偽裝；掩蓋；隱藏"
]
}
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
"有7個詞條的頁面",
"葡萄牙語動詞變位形式",
"葡萄牙語非詞元形式"
],
"lang": "葡萄牙語",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mascar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mascar 的屈折变化形式：",
"第三人稱單數現在時直陳式"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mascar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mascar 的屈折变化形式：",
"第二人稱單數命令式"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "masca"
}
{
"categories": [
"有7個詞條的頁面",
"西班牙語動詞變位形式",
"西班牙語非詞元形式"
],
"lang": "西班牙語",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mascar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mascar 的屈折变化形式：",
"第三人稱單數現在時直陳式"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mascar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mascar 的屈折变化形式：",
"第二人稱單數命令式"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "masca"
}
Download raw JSONL data for masca meaning in All languages combined (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-03 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-20 using wiktextract (d6bf104 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.