See Kowalski on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有6個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自波蘭語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自波蘭語的英語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語不可數名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自波蘭語 Kowalski。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Kowalskis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "來自波蘭語的英語姓氏",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語姓氏",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"源自波蘭語的姓氏。"
],
"id": "zh-Kowalski-en-name-47g7QCPw"
}
],
"word": "Kowalski"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「K」的法語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「W」的法語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有6個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有多種性別的法語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語陰性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語陽性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自波蘭語的法語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自波蘭語的法語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自波蘭語 Kowalski。",
"lang": "法語",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "來自波蘭語的法語姓氏",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語姓氏",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"源自波蘭語的姓氏"
],
"id": "zh-Kowalski-fr-name-irM9qgE~"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kowalski"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "德語專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "德語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "德語陰性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "德語陽性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有6個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有多種性別的德語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自波蘭語的德語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自波蘭語的德語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自波蘭語 Kowalski。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Kowalskis",
"raw_tags": [
"姓氏，陽性屬格"
]
},
{
"form": "Kowalski",
"raw_tags": [
"姓氏，陽性屬格"
]
},
{
"form": "Kowalski",
"raw_tags": [
"陰性屬格"
]
},
{
"form": "Kowalskis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "德語",
"lang_code": "de",
"notes": [
"Kowalski 在德意志族當中亦常用，尤其在歷史上波蘭移民遷入多的地區，比如魯爾區。"
],
"pos": "name",
"raw_tags": [
"專有名詞"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "來自波蘭語的德語姓氏",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "德語姓氏",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"源自波蘭語的姓氏"
],
"id": "zh-Kowalski-de-name-irM9qgE~"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kowalski"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "含有後綴-ski的波蘭語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有6個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "波蘭語個人名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "波蘭語專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "波蘭語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "波蘭語陽性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自 kowal (“鐵匠”) + -ski (構成姓氏的後綴)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Kowalska",
"raw_tags": [
"陰性形式"
]
}
],
"lang": "波蘭語",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"raw_tags": [
"個人"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "波蘭語姓氏",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"姓氏，等價於英語Smith；波蘭第二常見姓氏"
],
"id": "zh-Kowalski-pl-name-BkpINsN-"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kowalski"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「K」的葡萄牙語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「W」的葡萄牙語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "性別遵照被指代者的葡萄牙語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有6個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有多種性別的葡萄牙語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自波蘭語的葡萄牙語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自波蘭語的葡萄牙語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "葡萄牙語專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "葡萄牙語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "葡萄牙語陰性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "葡萄牙語陽性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自波蘭語 Kowalski。",
"lang": "葡萄牙語",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "name",
"raw_tags": [
"遵詞義"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "來自波蘭語的葡萄牙語姓氏",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "葡萄牙語姓氏",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"源自波蘭語的姓氏"
],
"id": "zh-Kowalski-pt-name-irM9qgE~"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ko.ˈvaws.ki/",
"raw_tags": [
"BR"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kowalski"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「K」的西班牙語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「W」的西班牙語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "性別遵照被指代者的西班牙語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有6個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有多種性別的西班牙語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自波蘭語的西班牙語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自波蘭語的西班牙語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "西班牙語專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "西班牙語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "西班牙語陰性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "西班牙語陽性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自波蘭語 Kowalski。",
"lang": "西班牙語",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "name",
"raw_tags": [
"遵詞義"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "來自波蘭語的西班牙語姓氏",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "西班牙語姓氏",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"源自波蘭語的姓氏"
],
"id": "zh-Kowalski-es-name-irM9qgE~"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kowalski"
}
{
"categories": [
"德語專有名詞",
"德語詞元",
"德語陰性名詞",
"德語陽性名詞",
"有6個詞條的頁面",
"有多種性別的德語名詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自波蘭語的德語詞",
"源自波蘭語的德語借詞"
],
"etymology_text": "借自波蘭語 Kowalski。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Kowalskis",
"raw_tags": [
"姓氏，陽性屬格"
]
},
{
"form": "Kowalski",
"raw_tags": [
"姓氏，陽性屬格"
]
},
{
"form": "Kowalski",
"raw_tags": [
"陰性屬格"
]
},
{
"form": "Kowalskis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "德語",
"lang_code": "de",
"notes": [
"Kowalski 在德意志族當中亦常用，尤其在歷史上波蘭移民遷入多的地區，比如魯爾區。"
],
"pos": "name",
"raw_tags": [
"專有名詞"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"來自波蘭語的德語姓氏",
"德語姓氏"
],
"glosses": [
"源自波蘭語的姓氏"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kowalski"
}
{
"categories": [
"帶「K」的法語詞",
"帶「W」的法語詞",
"有6個詞條的頁面",
"有多種性別的法語名詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"法語專有名詞",
"法語詞元",
"法語陰性名詞",
"法語陽性名詞",
"派生自波蘭語的法語詞",
"源自波蘭語的法語借詞"
],
"etymology_text": "借自波蘭語 Kowalski。",
"lang": "法語",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"來自波蘭語的法語姓氏",
"法語姓氏"
],
"glosses": [
"源自波蘭語的姓氏"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kowalski"
}
{
"categories": [
"含有後綴-ski的波蘭語詞",
"有6個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"波蘭語個人名詞",
"波蘭語專有名詞",
"波蘭語詞元",
"波蘭語陽性名詞"
],
"etymology_text": "源自 kowal (“鐵匠”) + -ski (構成姓氏的後綴)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Kowalska",
"raw_tags": [
"陰性形式"
]
}
],
"lang": "波蘭語",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"raw_tags": [
"個人"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"波蘭語姓氏"
],
"glosses": [
"姓氏，等價於英語Smith；波蘭第二常見姓氏"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kowalski"
}
{
"categories": [
"有6個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自波蘭語的英語詞",
"源自波蘭語的英語借詞",
"英語不可數名詞",
"英語專有名詞",
"英語詞元"
],
"etymology_text": "借自波蘭語 Kowalski。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Kowalskis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"來自波蘭語的英語姓氏",
"英語姓氏"
],
"glosses": [
"源自波蘭語的姓氏。"
]
}
],
"word": "Kowalski"
}
{
"categories": [
"帶「K」的葡萄牙語詞",
"帶「W」的葡萄牙語詞",
"性別遵照被指代者的葡萄牙語名詞",
"有6個詞條的頁面",
"有多種性別的葡萄牙語名詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自波蘭語的葡萄牙語詞",
"源自波蘭語的葡萄牙語借詞",
"葡萄牙語專有名詞",
"葡萄牙語詞元",
"葡萄牙語陰性名詞",
"葡萄牙語陽性名詞"
],
"etymology_text": "借自波蘭語 Kowalski。",
"lang": "葡萄牙語",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "name",
"raw_tags": [
"遵詞義"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"來自波蘭語的葡萄牙語姓氏",
"葡萄牙語姓氏"
],
"glosses": [
"源自波蘭語的姓氏"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ko.ˈvaws.ki/",
"raw_tags": [
"BR"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kowalski"
}
{
"categories": [
"帶「K」的西班牙語詞",
"帶「W」的西班牙語詞",
"性別遵照被指代者的西班牙語名詞",
"有6個詞條的頁面",
"有多種性別的西班牙語名詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自波蘭語的西班牙語詞",
"源自波蘭語的西班牙語借詞",
"西班牙語專有名詞",
"西班牙語詞元",
"西班牙語陰性名詞",
"西班牙語陽性名詞"
],
"etymology_text": "借自波蘭語 Kowalski。",
"lang": "西班牙語",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "name",
"raw_tags": [
"遵詞義"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"來自波蘭語的西班牙語姓氏",
"西班牙語姓氏"
],
"glosses": [
"源自波蘭語的姓氏"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kowalski"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Kowalski meaning in All languages combined (4.0kB)
{
"called_from": "extractor/zh/page/parse_section/192",
"msg": "Unhandled subtitle: 統計",
"path": [
"Kowalski"
],
"section": "英語",
"subsection": "統計",
"title": "Kowalski",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-20 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.