See -ard on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有3個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自中古英語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自原始日耳曼語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自古法蘭克語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自古法語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自中古英語的英語繼承詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語後綴",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "繼承自中古英語 -ard，源自古法語 -ard，源自古法蘭克語 *-hard (“堅硬的；大膽的”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *harduz (“堅硬的”)。同源詞包括中古高地德語 -hart。參見 hard。",
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"pos_title": "後綴",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "drunk (“喝醉的”) + -ard → drunkard (“醉漢”)"
},
{
"text": "dull (“愚鈍的”) + -ard → dullard (“笨蛋，蠢人”)"
},
{
"text": "wise (“智慧”) + -ard → wizard (“智者→魔術師”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"構成表示處於某種狀況或具有某種性質的人的名詞，一般帶貶義。"
],
"id": "zh--ard-en-suffix-eZkLXi3y"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "-ard"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "原始印歐語紅鏈",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "原始印歐語紅鏈/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有3個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "標題行有紅鏈的法語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語可數名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語後綴",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語構成名詞的後綴",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "法語陽性後綴",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自中古法語的法語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自原始印歐語的法語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自原始日耳曼語的法語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自古法蘭克語的法語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自古法語的法語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自中古法語的法語繼承詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自古法語的法語繼承詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "繼承自中古法語，繼承自古法語 -ard、-art，源自古法蘭克語 *-hard (“堅硬的；大膽的”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *harduz (“堅硬的”)，源自原始印歐語 *kert-、*kret- (“強的”)。參見英語 hard。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-arde",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"lang": "法語",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"pos_title": "後綴",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "同類詞：-asse"
},
{
"text": "clocher (“跛行”) + -ard → clochard (“流浪漢”)"
},
{
"text": "flemme (“懶惰，怠惰”) + -ard → flemmard (“怠惰者，好逸惡勞者”)"
},
{
"text": "soul (“喝醉的”) + -ard → soulard (“醉漢”)"
},
{
"text": "chauffeur (“司機，駕駛員”) + -ard → chauffard (“拙劣或粗心大意的司機”)"
},
{
"text": "montagne (“山”) + -ard → montagnard (“山區居民”)"
},
{
"text": "route (“道路”) + -ard → routard (“背包客”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"構成貶稱、指小詞，或表示屬於某一類別的人的名詞。"
],
"id": "zh--ard-fr-suffix-eaVX2tCP"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Penegal--ard.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal--ard.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal--ard.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal--ard.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal--ard.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Penegal--ard.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-arde"
},
{
"word": "-art"
},
{
"word": "-erd"
},
{
"word": "-erde"
},
{
"word": "-ord"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
],
"word": "-ard"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "中古英語後綴",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "中古英語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有3個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自古法蘭克語的中古英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自古法語的中古英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自古法語的中古英語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ard"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自古法語 -ard、-art，源自古法蘭克語 *-hard。",
"lang": "中古英語",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"pos_title": "後綴",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"置於其他名詞後，構成帶貶義的施動者名詞。"
],
"id": "zh--ard-enm-suffix-~WT-bhqE"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ard/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-art/"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "-ard"
}
{
"categories": [
"中古英語後綴",
"中古英語詞元",
"有3個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自古法蘭克語的中古英語詞",
"派生自古法語的中古英語詞",
"源自古法語的中古英語借詞"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ard"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自古法語 -ard、-art，源自古法蘭克語 *-hard。",
"lang": "中古英語",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"pos_title": "後綴",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"置於其他名詞後，構成帶貶義的施動者名詞。"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ard/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-art/"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "-ard"
}
{
"categories": [
"原始印歐語紅鏈",
"原始印歐語紅鏈/m",
"有3個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"標題行有紅鏈的法語名詞",
"法語可數名詞",
"法語後綴",
"法語構成名詞的後綴",
"法語詞元",
"法語陽性後綴",
"派生自中古法語的法語詞",
"派生自原始印歐語的法語詞",
"派生自原始日耳曼語的法語詞",
"派生自古法蘭克語的法語詞",
"派生自古法語的法語詞",
"源自中古法語的法語繼承詞",
"源自古法語的法語繼承詞"
],
"etymology_text": "繼承自中古法語，繼承自古法語 -ard、-art，源自古法蘭克語 *-hard (“堅硬的；大膽的”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *harduz (“堅硬的”)，源自原始印歐語 *kert-、*kret- (“強的”)。參見英語 hard。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-arde",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"lang": "法語",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"pos_title": "後綴",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "同類詞：-asse"
},
{
"text": "clocher (“跛行”) + -ard → clochard (“流浪漢”)"
},
{
"text": "flemme (“懶惰，怠惰”) + -ard → flemmard (“怠惰者，好逸惡勞者”)"
},
{
"text": "soul (“喝醉的”) + -ard → soulard (“醉漢”)"
},
{
"text": "chauffeur (“司機，駕駛員”) + -ard → chauffard (“拙劣或粗心大意的司機”)"
},
{
"text": "montagne (“山”) + -ard → montagnard (“山區居民”)"
},
{
"text": "route (“道路”) + -ard → routard (“背包客”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"構成貶稱、指小詞，或表示屬於某一類別的人的名詞。"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Penegal--ard.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal--ard.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal--ard.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal--ard.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Penegal--ard.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Penegal--ard.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-arde"
},
{
"word": "-art"
},
{
"word": "-erd"
},
{
"word": "-erde"
},
{
"word": "-ord"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
],
"word": "-ard"
}
{
"categories": [
"有3個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自中古英語的英語詞",
"派生自原始日耳曼語的英語詞",
"派生自古法蘭克語的英語詞",
"派生自古法語的英語詞",
"源自中古英語的英語繼承詞",
"英語後綴",
"英語詞元"
],
"etymology_text": "繼承自中古英語 -ard，源自古法語 -ard，源自古法蘭克語 *-hard (“堅硬的；大膽的”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *harduz (“堅硬的”)。同源詞包括中古高地德語 -hart。參見 hard。",
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"pos_title": "後綴",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "drunk (“喝醉的”) + -ard → drunkard (“醉漢”)"
},
{
"text": "dull (“愚鈍的”) + -ard → dullard (“笨蛋，蠢人”)"
},
{
"text": "wise (“智慧”) + -ard → wizard (“智者→魔術師”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"構成表示處於某種狀況或具有某種性質的人的名詞，一般帶貶義。"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "-ard"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ard meaning in All languages combined (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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