See -то on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語冠詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語後綴",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-to",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "马其顿语",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "suffix",
"pos_title": "后缀",
"related": [
{
"roman": "-vo",
"word": "-во"
},
{
"roman": "-no",
"word": "-но"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有使用例的馬其頓語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"roman": "Mesoto e vkusno",
"text": "Месото е вкусно",
"translation": "那个肉很好吃"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"roman": "Grdoto pajče",
"text": "Грдото пајче",
"translation": "丑小鸭"
}
],
"glosses": [
"那个，这个 （单数中性形式，类似英语的定冠词the）"
],
"id": "zh--то-mk-suffix-861-zSG5"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "-то"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語助詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語紅鏈",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語紅鏈/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語紅鏈",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語紅鏈/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tó-to",
"word": "то́-то"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自代词тот (tot)、та (ta)、то (to)。与馬其頓語后缀-от (-ot)、-та (-ta)、-то (-to)和保加利亞語后缀-ят (-jat)、-та (-ta)、-то (-to)有关。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-to",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"notes": [
"类似于定冠词，助词-то (-to)一般用于会话双方均知道的事物。但是其不仅可以后接于名词，还能接于动词、形容词和副词。",
"用于强调义时，频繁与助词и (i)哥ну (nu)连用。",
"过度使用-то (-to)会导致让他人觉得用词粗俗或幼稚。"
],
"pos": "particle",
"pos_title": "助词",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語口語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有使用例的俄語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"roman": "Nu ja-to ne stánu tudá xodítʹ.",
"text": "Ну я-то не ста́ну туда́ ходи́ть.",
"translation": "反正我也不会去那里的。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"roman": "Ja i znátʹ-to jevó ne xočú.",
"text": "Я и зна́ть-то его́ не хочу́.",
"translation": "我甚至不想了解他！"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"roman": "Ob étom-to ja i xotél s vámi pogovorítʹ.",
"text": "Об э́том-то я и хоте́л с ва́ми поговори́ть.",
"translation": "那正是我想和你谈的。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"roman": "A ja-to dúmal...",
"text": "А я-то ду́мал...",
"translation": "而就在我想这事（的时候）"
}
],
"glosses": [
"（用于在语调上强调其后接的词）"
],
"id": "zh--то-ru-particle-TuhjZxIx",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Lvova--то.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q7737 (rus)-Lvova--то.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "že",
"word": "же"
},
{
"roman": "ímenno",
"word": "и́менно"
},
{
"roman": "kak ráz",
"word": "как ра́з"
}
],
"word": "-то"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語助詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語紅鏈",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語紅鏈/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語紅鏈",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語紅鏈/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "gdé-to",
"word": "где́-то"
},
{
"roman": "kák-to",
"word": "ка́к-то"
},
{
"roman": "kakój-to",
"word": "како́й-то"
},
{
"roman": "któ-to",
"word": "кто́-то"
},
{
"roman": "kudá-to",
"word": "куда́-то"
},
{
"roman": "otkúda-to",
"word": "отку́да-то"
},
{
"roman": "počemú-to",
"word": "почему́-то"
},
{
"roman": "čéj-to",
"word": "че́й-то"
},
{
"roman": "štó-to",
"word": "что́-то"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自代词тот (tot)、та (ta)、то (to)。与馬其頓語后缀-от (-ot)、-та (-ta)、-то (-to)和保加利亞語后缀-ят (-jat)、-та (-ta)、-то (-to)有关。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-to",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"notes": [
"-то (-to)表示这个事物存在，但其具体的信息不明。若是说话人希望故意不明说是具体哪个个体，可使用кое- (koje-)。另外若其具体信息是明确的，可使用вещь (veščʹ)、челове́к (čelovék)或ме́сто (mésto)等词来取代该代词。亦对比уго́дно (ugódno)。",
"带-то (-to)的词形一般与肯定有关（比如指存在某些），而-нибу́дь (-nibúdʹ)一般与疑问或否定有关（比如任何（都不））。"
],
"pos": "particle",
"pos_title": "助词",
"related": [
{
"roman": "to",
"word": "то"
},
{
"roman": "tot",
"word": "тот"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"一些，某种 （用在各种复合代词和副词中的不定助词）"
],
"id": "zh--то-ru-particle-rGoFbYJy"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Lvova--то.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q7737 (rus)-Lvova--то.wav"
}
],
"word": "-то"
}
{
"categories": [
"俄語助詞",
"俄語紅鏈",
"俄語紅鏈/m",
"俄語詞元",
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"馬其頓語紅鏈",
"馬其頓語紅鏈/m"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tó-to",
"word": "то́-то"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自代词тот (tot)、та (ta)、то (to)。与馬其頓語后缀-от (-ot)、-та (-ta)、-то (-to)和保加利亞語后缀-ят (-jat)、-та (-ta)、-то (-to)有关。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-to",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"notes": [
"类似于定冠词，助词-то (-to)一般用于会话双方均知道的事物。但是其不仅可以后接于名词，还能接于动词、形容词和副词。",
"用于强调义时，频繁与助词и (i)哥ну (nu)连用。",
"过度使用-то (-to)会导致让他人觉得用词粗俗或幼稚。"
],
"pos": "particle",
"pos_title": "助词",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"俄語口語詞",
"有使用例的俄語詞"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"roman": "Nu ja-to ne stánu tudá xodítʹ.",
"text": "Ну я-то не ста́ну туда́ ходи́ть.",
"translation": "反正我也不会去那里的。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"roman": "Ja i znátʹ-to jevó ne xočú.",
"text": "Я и зна́ть-то его́ не хочу́.",
"translation": "我甚至不想了解他！"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"roman": "Ob étom-to ja i xotél s vámi pogovorítʹ.",
"text": "Об э́том-то я и хоте́л с ва́ми поговори́ть.",
"translation": "那正是我想和你谈的。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"roman": "A ja-to dúmal...",
"text": "А я-то ду́мал...",
"translation": "而就在我想这事（的时候）"
}
],
"glosses": [
"（用于在语调上强调其后接的词）"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Lvova--то.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q7737 (rus)-Lvova--то.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "že",
"word": "же"
},
{
"roman": "ímenno",
"word": "и́менно"
},
{
"roman": "kak ráz",
"word": "как ра́з"
}
],
"word": "-то"
}
{
"categories": [
"俄語助詞",
"俄語紅鏈",
"俄語紅鏈/m",
"俄語詞元",
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"馬其頓語紅鏈",
"馬其頓語紅鏈/m"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "gdé-to",
"word": "где́-то"
},
{
"roman": "kák-to",
"word": "ка́к-то"
},
{
"roman": "kakój-to",
"word": "како́й-то"
},
{
"roman": "któ-to",
"word": "кто́-то"
},
{
"roman": "kudá-to",
"word": "куда́-то"
},
{
"roman": "otkúda-to",
"word": "отку́да-то"
},
{
"roman": "počemú-to",
"word": "почему́-то"
},
{
"roman": "čéj-to",
"word": "че́й-то"
},
{
"roman": "štó-to",
"word": "что́-то"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自代词тот (tot)、та (ta)、то (to)。与馬其頓語后缀-от (-ot)、-та (-ta)、-то (-to)和保加利亞語后缀-ят (-jat)、-та (-ta)、-то (-to)有关。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-to",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "俄语",
"lang_code": "ru",
"notes": [
"-то (-to)表示这个事物存在，但其具体的信息不明。若是说话人希望故意不明说是具体哪个个体，可使用кое- (koje-)。另外若其具体信息是明确的，可使用вещь (veščʹ)、челове́к (čelovék)或ме́сто (mésto)等词来取代该代词。亦对比уго́дно (ugódno)。",
"带-то (-to)的词形一般与肯定有关（比如指存在某些），而-нибу́дь (-nibúdʹ)一般与疑问或否定有关（比如任何（都不））。"
],
"pos": "particle",
"pos_title": "助词",
"related": [
{
"roman": "to",
"word": "то"
},
{
"roman": "tot",
"word": "тот"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"一些，某种 （用在各种复合代词和副词中的不定助词）"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Lvova--то.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav/LL-Q7737_(rus)-Lvova--то.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q7737 (rus)-Lvova--то.wav"
}
],
"word": "-то"
}
{
"categories": [
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"馬其頓語冠詞",
"馬其頓語後綴",
"馬其頓語詞元"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-to",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "马其顿语",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "suffix",
"pos_title": "后缀",
"related": [
{
"roman": "-vo",
"word": "-во"
},
{
"roman": "-no",
"word": "-но"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"有使用例的馬其頓語詞"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"roman": "Mesoto e vkusno",
"text": "Месото е вкусно",
"translation": "那个肉很好吃"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"roman": "Grdoto pajče",
"text": "Грдото пајче",
"translation": "丑小鸭"
}
],
"glosses": [
"那个，这个 （单数中性形式，类似英语的定冠词the）"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "-то"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -то meaning in All languages combined (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-28 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (e937b02 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.