See 凹む on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "使用訓讀的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "寫作「凹」讀作「くぼ」的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語不及物動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語五段動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有1個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有一個漢字的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有中學漢字的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "詞尾是「む」的日語五段動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "派生自动词凹 / 窪 (kubo，“凹陷，消沉”)+动词化语尾ぶ (bu，“变得像”)，然后语尾ぶ (bu)由于前接了音节ぼ (bo)而变化为む (mu)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "凹む",
"ruby": [
[
"凹",
"くぼ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kubomu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凹み",
"raw_tags": [
"自動詞 五段 (連用形"
],
"roman": "kubomi",
"ruby": [
[
"凹",
"くぼ"
]
]
},
{
"form": "凹んだ",
"roman": "kubonda",
"ruby": [
[
"凹",
"くぼ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "凹ま",
"hiragana": "くぼま",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "kuboma",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凹み",
"hiragana": "くぼみ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "kubomi",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹め",
"hiragana": "くぼめ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "kubome",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "凹め",
"hiragana": "くぼめ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "kubome",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹まれる",
"hiragana": "くぼまれる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomareru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "凹ませる",
"hiragana": "くぼませる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomaseru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹ます",
"hiragana": "くぼます",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹める",
"hiragana": "くぼめる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomeru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "凹もう",
"hiragana": "くぼもう",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomō",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "凹まない",
"hiragana": "くぼまない",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomanai",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹まず",
"hiragana": "くぼまず",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomazu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative",
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹みます",
"hiragana": "くぼみます",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomimasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "凹んだ",
"hiragana": "くぼんだ",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubonda",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凹んで",
"hiragana": "くぼんで",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubonde",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "凹めば",
"hiragana": "くぼめば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomeba",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"conditional"
]
}
],
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"notes": [
"本词的他动词为凹める / 窪める (kubomeru)。因此可能形需要和被动形一样：くぼまれる (kubomareru)，而不应该使用上表中的くぼめる (kubomeru)。\n表记窪む更常用于くぼむ，因为表记凹む也可读作へこむ，详见下方。"
],
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "动词",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"凹陷，塌陷"
],
"id": "zh-凹む-ja-verb-iMzRRYUb"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くぼむ",
"raw_tags": [
"東京"
],
"roman": "[kùbómú]"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝbo̞mɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "窪む"
}
],
"word": "凹む"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "使用訓讀的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "寫作「凹」讀作「へこ」的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語不及物動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語五段動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語複合詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有1個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有一個漢字的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有中學漢字的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "詞尾是「む」的日語五段動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/herikomu/ → /hekomu/\n減りこむ (herikomu)的缩写形式，其为減り (heri，“减小”，动词減る的连用形，“减少，变少”) + 込む (komu，“入内”)的结合形式。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "凹む",
"ruby": [
[
"凹",
"へこ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hekomu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凹み",
"raw_tags": [
"自動詞 五段 (連用形"
],
"roman": "hekomi",
"ruby": [
[
"凹",
"へこ"
]
]
},
{
"form": "凹んだ",
"roman": "hekonda",
"ruby": [
[
"凹",
"へこ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "凹ま",
"hiragana": "へこま",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "hekoma",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凹み",
"hiragana": "へこみ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "hekomi",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹め",
"hiragana": "へこめ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "hekome",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "凹め",
"hiragana": "へこめ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "hekome",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹まれる",
"hiragana": "へこまれる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomareru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "凹ませる",
"hiragana": "へこませる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomaseru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹ます",
"hiragana": "へこます",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹める",
"hiragana": "へこめる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomeru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "凹もう",
"hiragana": "へこもう",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomō",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "凹まない",
"hiragana": "へこまない",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomanai",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹まず",
"hiragana": "へこまず",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomazu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative",
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹みます",
"hiragana": "へこみます",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomimasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "凹んだ",
"hiragana": "へこんだ",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekonda",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凹んで",
"hiragana": "へこんで",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekonde",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "凹めば",
"hiragana": "へこめば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomeba",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"conditional"
]
}
],
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "动词",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"凹陷，塌陷"
],
"id": "zh-凹む-ja-verb-iMzRRYUb1"
},
{
"glosses": [
"跌超（某程度），变少"
],
"id": "zh-凹む-ja-verb-FvYtIqTh"
},
{
"glosses": [
"受困于赤字：见困る (komaru)."
],
"id": "zh-凹む-ja-verb-k0N4BASO"
},
{
"glosses": [
"投降，服从"
],
"id": "zh-凹む-ja-verb-TUlWdOan"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "へこむ",
"raw_tags": [
"東京"
],
"roman": "[hèkómú]"
},
{
"ipa": "[he̞ko̞mɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "凹む"
}
{
"categories": [
"使用訓讀的日語詞",
"寫作「凹」讀作「くぼ」的日語詞",
"日語不及物動詞",
"日語五段動詞",
"日語動詞",
"日語詞元",
"有1個詞條的頁面",
"有一個漢字的日語詞",
"有中學漢字的日語詞",
"有國際音標的日語詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"詞尾是「む」的日語五段動詞"
],
"etymology_text": "派生自动词凹 / 窪 (kubo，“凹陷，消沉”)+动词化语尾ぶ (bu，“变得像”)，然后语尾ぶ (bu)由于前接了音节ぼ (bo)而变化为む (mu)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "凹む",
"ruby": [
[
"凹",
"くぼ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kubomu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凹み",
"raw_tags": [
"自動詞 五段 (連用形"
],
"roman": "kubomi",
"ruby": [
[
"凹",
"くぼ"
]
]
},
{
"form": "凹んだ",
"roman": "kubonda",
"ruby": [
[
"凹",
"くぼ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "凹ま",
"hiragana": "くぼま",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "kuboma",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凹み",
"hiragana": "くぼみ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "kubomi",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹め",
"hiragana": "くぼめ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "kubome",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "凹め",
"hiragana": "くぼめ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "kubome",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹まれる",
"hiragana": "くぼまれる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomareru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "凹ませる",
"hiragana": "くぼませる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomaseru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹ます",
"hiragana": "くぼます",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹める",
"hiragana": "くぼめる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomeru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "凹もう",
"hiragana": "くぼもう",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomō",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "凹まない",
"hiragana": "くぼまない",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomanai",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹まず",
"hiragana": "くぼまず",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomazu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative",
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹みます",
"hiragana": "くぼみます",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomimasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "凹んだ",
"hiragana": "くぼんだ",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubonda",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凹んで",
"hiragana": "くぼんで",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubonde",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "凹めば",
"hiragana": "くぼめば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "kubomeba",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"conditional"
]
}
],
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"notes": [
"本词的他动词为凹める / 窪める (kubomeru)。因此可能形需要和被动形一样：くぼまれる (kubomareru)，而不应该使用上表中的くぼめる (kubomeru)。\n表记窪む更常用于くぼむ，因为表记凹む也可读作へこむ，详见下方。"
],
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "动词",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"凹陷，塌陷"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くぼむ",
"raw_tags": [
"東京"
],
"roman": "[kùbómú]"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝbo̞mɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "窪む"
}
],
"word": "凹む"
}
{
"categories": [
"使用訓讀的日語詞",
"寫作「凹」讀作「へこ」的日語詞",
"日語不及物動詞",
"日語五段動詞",
"日語動詞",
"日語複合詞",
"日語詞元",
"有1個詞條的頁面",
"有一個漢字的日語詞",
"有中學漢字的日語詞",
"有國際音標的日語詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"詞尾是「む」的日語五段動詞"
],
"etymology_text": "/herikomu/ → /hekomu/\n減りこむ (herikomu)的缩写形式，其为減り (heri，“减小”，动词減る的连用形，“减少，变少”) + 込む (komu，“入内”)的结合形式。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "凹む",
"ruby": [
[
"凹",
"へこ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hekomu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凹み",
"raw_tags": [
"自動詞 五段 (連用形"
],
"roman": "hekomi",
"ruby": [
[
"凹",
"へこ"
]
]
},
{
"form": "凹んだ",
"roman": "hekonda",
"ruby": [
[
"凹",
"へこ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "凹ま",
"hiragana": "へこま",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "hekoma",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凹み",
"hiragana": "へこみ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "hekomi",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹め",
"hiragana": "へこめ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "hekome",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "凹め",
"hiragana": "へこめ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "hekome",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹まれる",
"hiragana": "へこまれる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomareru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "凹ませる",
"hiragana": "へこませる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomaseru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹ます",
"hiragana": "へこます",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹める",
"hiragana": "へこめる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomeru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "凹もう",
"hiragana": "へこもう",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomō",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "凹まない",
"hiragana": "へこまない",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomanai",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹まず",
"hiragana": "へこまず",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomazu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative",
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "凹みます",
"hiragana": "へこみます",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomimasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "凹んだ",
"hiragana": "へこんだ",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekonda",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凹んで",
"hiragana": "へこんで",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekonde",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "凹めば",
"hiragana": "へこめば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "hekomeba",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"conditional"
]
}
],
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "动词",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"凹陷，塌陷"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"跌超（某程度），变少"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"受困于赤字：见困る (komaru)."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"投降，服从"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "へこむ",
"raw_tags": [
"東京"
],
"roman": "[hèkómú]"
},
{
"ipa": "[he̞ko̞mɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "凹む"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 凹む meaning in All languages combined (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-03 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-01 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.