See surname in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_text": "部分转借法语 surnom ← 古法语 surnum, surnoun（“别名；绰号”）（中古英语 sournoun之源） ← 晚期拉丁语 supernōmen, suprānōmen ← super-（“超过，在……之上”） + nōmen（“名字”）。",
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "adoption name"
},
{
"word": "bride’s name"
},
{
"word": "Christian name"
},
{
"word": "cognomen"
},
{
"word": "confirmation name"
},
{
"word": "first name"
},
{
"word": "forename"
},
{
"word": "given name"
},
{
"word": "maiden name"
},
{
"word": "matronym"
},
{
"word": "middle name"
},
{
"word": "nickname"
},
{
"word": "patronym"
},
{
"word": "personal name"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"（表示修饰的）附加名称（尤指从出生地、品质、成就等得来的）"
],
"id": "zh-surname-en-noun-ml4tCj7L",
"raw_tags": [
"旧"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"人、地、事等的别称，绰号"
],
"id": "zh-surname-en-noun-x5BmBdtO",
"raw_tags": [
"旧"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"姓；姓氏"
],
"id": "zh-surname-en-noun-X2pXCGVf"
},
{
"glosses": [
"（古典研究）古罗马人名中的第三名（cognomen）"
],
"id": "zh-surname-en-noun-Ua5fNU81"
},
{
"glosses": [
"（苏格兰方言，）氏族；宗族"
],
"id": "zh-surname-en-noun-Scdgn8jI",
"raw_tags": [
"旧"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "sûr'nām",
"raw_tags": [
"美國"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝneɪm/",
"raw_tags": [
"美國"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-surname.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-us-surname.ogg/En-us-surname.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-surname.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音频 (美式发音)"
]
},
{
"enpr": "sû'nām",
"raw_tags": [
"英國"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜːneɪm/",
"raw_tags": [
"英國"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-surname.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/En-uk-surname.ogg/En-uk-surname.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-uk-surname.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音频 (英式发音)"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sirname"
},
{
"word": "epithet"
},
{
"word": "nickname"
},
{
"word": "sobriquet"
},
{
"word": "byname"
},
{
"word": "family name"
},
{
"word": "last name"
},
{
"word": "to-name"
}
],
"word": "surname"
}
{
"etymology_text": "部分转借法语 surnom ← 古法语 surnum, surnoun（“别名；绰号”）（中古英语 sournoun之源） ← 晚期拉丁语 supernōmen, suprānōmen ← super-（“超过，在……之上”） + nōmen（“名字”）。",
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "adoption name"
},
{
"word": "bride’s name"
},
{
"word": "Christian name"
},
{
"word": "cognomen"
},
{
"word": "confirmation name"
},
{
"word": "first name"
},
{
"word": "forename"
},
{
"word": "given name"
},
{
"word": "maiden name"
},
{
"word": "matronym"
},
{
"word": "middle name"
},
{
"word": "nickname"
},
{
"word": "patronym"
},
{
"word": "personal name"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"给……加姓"
],
"id": "zh-surname-en-verb-2zsSQ7VC",
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"用姓氏称呼"
],
"id": "zh-surname-en-verb-qGINxj1L",
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "sûr'nām",
"raw_tags": [
"美國"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝneɪm/",
"raw_tags": [
"美國"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-surname.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-us-surname.ogg/En-us-surname.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-surname.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音频 (美式发音)"
]
},
{
"enpr": "sû'nām",
"raw_tags": [
"英國"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜːneɪm/",
"raw_tags": [
"英國"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-surname.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/En-uk-surname.ogg/En-uk-surname.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-uk-surname.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音频 (英式发音)"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sirname"
}
],
"word": "surname"
}
{
"etymology_text": "部分转借法语 surnom ← 古法语 surnum, surnoun（“别名；绰号”）（中古英语 sournoun之源） ← 晚期拉丁语 supernōmen, suprānōmen ← super-（“超过，在……之上”） + nōmen（“名字”）。",
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "adoption name"
},
{
"word": "bride’s name"
},
{
"word": "Christian name"
},
{
"word": "cognomen"
},
{
"word": "confirmation name"
},
{
"word": "first name"
},
{
"word": "forename"
},
{
"word": "given name"
},
{
"word": "maiden name"
},
{
"word": "matronym"
},
{
"word": "middle name"
},
{
"word": "nickname"
},
{
"word": "patronym"
},
{
"word": "personal name"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"（表示修饰的）附加名称（尤指从出生地、品质、成就等得来的）"
],
"raw_tags": [
"旧"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"人、地、事等的别称，绰号"
],
"raw_tags": [
"旧"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"姓；姓氏"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"（古典研究）古罗马人名中的第三名（cognomen）"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"（苏格兰方言，）氏族；宗族"
],
"raw_tags": [
"旧"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "sûr'nām",
"raw_tags": [
"美國"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝneɪm/",
"raw_tags": [
"美國"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-surname.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-us-surname.ogg/En-us-surname.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-surname.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音频 (美式发音)"
]
},
{
"enpr": "sû'nām",
"raw_tags": [
"英國"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜːneɪm/",
"raw_tags": [
"英國"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-surname.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/En-uk-surname.ogg/En-uk-surname.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-uk-surname.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音频 (英式发音)"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sirname"
},
{
"word": "epithet"
},
{
"word": "nickname"
},
{
"word": "sobriquet"
},
{
"word": "byname"
},
{
"word": "family name"
},
{
"word": "last name"
},
{
"word": "to-name"
}
],
"word": "surname"
}
{
"etymology_text": "部分转借法语 surnom ← 古法语 surnum, surnoun（“别名；绰号”）（中古英语 sournoun之源） ← 晚期拉丁语 supernōmen, suprānōmen ← super-（“超过，在……之上”） + nōmen（“名字”）。",
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "adoption name"
},
{
"word": "bride’s name"
},
{
"word": "Christian name"
},
{
"word": "cognomen"
},
{
"word": "confirmation name"
},
{
"word": "first name"
},
{
"word": "forename"
},
{
"word": "given name"
},
{
"word": "maiden name"
},
{
"word": "matronym"
},
{
"word": "middle name"
},
{
"word": "nickname"
},
{
"word": "patronym"
},
{
"word": "personal name"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"给……加姓"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"用姓氏称呼"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "sûr'nām",
"raw_tags": [
"美國"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɝneɪm/",
"raw_tags": [
"美國"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-surname.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-us-surname.ogg/En-us-surname.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-surname.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音频 (美式发音)"
]
},
{
"enpr": "sû'nām",
"raw_tags": [
"英國"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜːneɪm/",
"raw_tags": [
"英國"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-surname.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/En-uk-surname.ogg/En-uk-surname.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-uk-surname.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音频 (英式发音)"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sirname"
}
],
"word": "surname"
}
Download raw JSONL data for surname meaning in 英語 (3.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 英語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.