See proto- on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polski (indeks)",
"orig": "polski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"gr. πρῶτος (prṓtos), πρότερος (próteros) → „pierwszy”"
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"pos_text": "przedrostek",
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protodiakon"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protologia"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protoplasta"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protorenesans"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "prototyp"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pierwszy człon wyrazów złożonych oznaczający pierwszeństwo w czasie, kolejności, stanowisku itp. tego, o czym mówi drugi człon wyrazu"
],
"id": "pl-proto--pl-prefix-atIdWvp8",
"sense_index": "1.1"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "ˈprɔtɔ"
},
{
"ipa": "proto",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-proto-.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-proto-.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-proto-.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "proto-"
},
{
"lang": "francuski",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "proto-"
},
{
"lang": "hiszpański",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "proto-"
},
{
"lang": "nowogrecki",
"lang_code": "el",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "πρωτο-"
},
{
"lang": "rosyjski",
"lang_code": "ru",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "прото-"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "proto-"
}
],
"word": "proto-"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Angielski (indeks)",
"orig": "angielski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"gr. πρῶτος (prṓtos), πρότερος (próteros) → „pierwszy”"
],
"lang": "język angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"pos_text": "przedrostek",
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "Proto-Indo-European"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"proto-"
],
"id": "pl-proto--en-prefix-kZzPpeSn",
"sense_index": "1.1"
},
{
"glosses": [
"proto-"
],
"id": "pl-proto--en-prefix-kZzPpeSn1",
"sense_index": "1.1"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-proto-.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-proto-.wav.mp3",
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"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-proto-.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "proto-"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hiszpański (indeks)",
"orig": "hiszpański (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"gr. πρῶτος (prṓtos), πρότερος (próteros) → „pierwszy”"
],
"lang": "język hiszpański",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "unknown",
"senses": [
{
"id": "pl-proto--es-unknown-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "proto-"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Włoski (indeks)",
"orig": "włoski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"gr. πρῶτος (prṓtos), πρότερος (próteros) → „pierwszy”"
],
"lang": "język włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "prefix",
"pos_text": "przedrostek",
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protocanonico"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protofillo"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protolingua"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protologia"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protomateria"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protomedico"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protoromanico"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protoromantico"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protostoria"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protozoico"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"proto-"
],
"id": "pl-proto--it-prefix-kZzPpeSn",
"sense_index": "1.1"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "ˈprɔ.to"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "proto-"
}
{
"categories": [
"angielski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"gr. πρῶτος (prṓtos), πρότερος (próteros) → „pierwszy”"
],
"lang": "język angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"pos_text": "przedrostek",
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "Proto-Indo-European"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"proto-"
],
"sense_index": "1.1"
},
{
"glosses": [
"proto-"
],
"sense_index": "1.1"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-proto-.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-proto-.wav.mp3",
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"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-proto-.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "proto-"
}
{
"categories": [
"hiszpański (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"gr. πρῶτος (prṓtos), πρότερος (próteros) → „pierwszy”"
],
"lang": "język hiszpański",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "unknown",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "proto-"
}
{
"categories": [
"polski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"gr. πρῶτος (prṓtos), πρότερος (próteros) → „pierwszy”"
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"pos_text": "przedrostek",
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protodiakon"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protologia"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protoplasta"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protorenesans"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "prototyp"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pierwszy człon wyrazów złożonych oznaczający pierwszeństwo w czasie, kolejności, stanowisku itp. tego, o czym mówi drugi człon wyrazu"
],
"sense_index": "1.1"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "ˈprɔtɔ"
},
{
"ipa": "proto",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
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"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-proto-.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "proto-"
},
{
"lang": "francuski",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "proto-"
},
{
"lang": "hiszpański",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "proto-"
},
{
"lang": "nowogrecki",
"lang_code": "el",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "πρωτο-"
},
{
"lang": "rosyjski",
"lang_code": "ru",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "прото-"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "proto-"
}
],
"word": "proto-"
}
{
"categories": [
"włoski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"gr. πρῶτος (prṓtos), πρότερος (próteros) → „pierwszy”"
],
"lang": "język włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "prefix",
"pos_text": "przedrostek",
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protocanonico"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protofillo"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protolingua"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protologia"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protomateria"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protomedico"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protoromanico"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protoromantico"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protostoria"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "protozoico"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"proto-"
],
"sense_index": "1.1"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "ˈprɔ.to"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "proto-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for proto- meaning in All languages combined (3.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-07 from the plwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (887c61b and 3d4dee6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.