See żółw on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polski (indeks)",
"orig": "polski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(1.1) w polszczyźnie zaświadczone od XV wieku, t. st.pol. żełw; prasł. *žely, *želъve < praindoeur. *gʰelū-, prawdopodobnie od praindoeur. *gʰel- → zielony, żółty, (por. np. żółw zielony); por. czes. želva, cs. жєлъва (želъva) / cs. жєлъвь (želъvь), gr. χέλυς (chélys) → żółw",
"(1.2) kalka z łac. testudo → żółw",
"(1.3, 2.1) od znaczenia 1.1"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "żółwia",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiowi",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwia",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiem",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiu",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiu",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwi",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiom",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiami",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiach",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "żółw lądowy"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "żółw morski"
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"notes": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"text": "zobacz też: Indeks:Polski - Płazy i gady"
}
],
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"word": "jak żółw"
},
{
"word": "żelazna żaba"
}
],
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "żółw lamparci"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "żółw skórzasty"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "żółw słoniowy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"neuter"
],
"word": "żółwiątko"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółwinek"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "żółwinkowate"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "żółwie"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółwiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "żółwiakowate"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forma żeńska żółwica"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółwik"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "żółwi"
},
{
"word": "żółwiowy"
},
{
"word": "żółwikowy"
},
{
"word": "żółwinkowaty"
},
{
"word": "żółwiakowaty"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "żółwio"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Żółwie są starsze od dinozaurów."
}
],
"glosses": [
"zwierzę z rzędu Testudines, należące do gromady gadów"
],
"id": "pl-żółw-pl-noun-8YjEYTOk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"topics": [
"zoology"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"szyk bojowy legionów rzymskich, polegający na utworzeniu przez legionistów zwartej formacji przypominającej osłoniętego skorupą żółwia (1.1)"
],
"id": "pl-żółw-pl-noun-uWtlq1le",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"topics": [
"history",
"military"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"kursor graficzny określający współrzędne na ekranie, kierunek oraz rodzaj i kolor pióra, stosowany np. w języku Logo"
],
"id": "pl-żółw-pl-noun-6K8M~7If",
"sense_index": "1.3",
"topics": [
"computer-science"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Pl-żółw.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/91/Pl-żółw.ogg/Pl-żółw.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-żółw.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "ʒuwf"
},
{
"ipa": "žuu̯f",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Gower-żółw.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Gower-żółw.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "testudo"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "abazyński",
"lang_code": "cau",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "адабыжьмакъ"
},
{
"lang": "abenaki",
"lang_code": "abe",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "tolba"
},
{
"lang": "adygejski",
"lang_code": "ady",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "хьэдэпчэмыӏу"
},
{
"lang": "albański",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "breshkë"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "tortoise"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "turtle"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "sea turtle"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"bryt."
],
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "terrapin"
},
{
"lang": "arabski",
"lang_code": "ar",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "سلحفاة"
},
{
"lang": "awarski",
"lang_code": "av",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "щурункъверкъ"
},
{
"lang": "azerski",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "tısbağa"
},
{
"lang": "baskijski",
"lang_code": "eu",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "dortoka"
},
{
"lang": "bengalski",
"lang_code": "bn",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "কাছিম"
},
{
"lang": "białoruski",
"lang_code": "be",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чарапаха"
},
{
"lang": "bułgarski",
"lang_code": "bg",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "костенурка"
},
{
"lang": "czeski",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "želva"
},
{
"lang": "duński",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "skildpadde"
},
{
"lang": "esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "testudo"
},
{
"lang": "estoński",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kilpkonn"
},
{
"lang": "fiński",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kilpikonna"
},
{
"lang": "francuski",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tortue"
},
{
"lang": "gudźarati",
"lang_code": "gu",
"roman": "kācabō",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "કાચબો"
},
{
"lang": "hebrajski",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "caw",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "צב"
},
{
"lang": "hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "kachu'ā",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कछुआ"
},
{
"lang": "hiszpański",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tortuga"
},
{
"lang": "irlandzki",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "turtar"
},
{
"lang": "islandzki",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skjaldbaka"
},
{
"lang": "japoński",
"lang_code": "ja",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "亀"
},
{
"lang": "japoński",
"lang_code": "ja",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "かめ"
},
{
"lang": "jidysz",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "czerepache",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "טשערעפּאַכע"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółw"
},
{
"lang": "kataloński",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tortuga"
},
{
"lang": "kazachski",
"lang_code": "kk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "тасбақа"
},
{
"lang": "keczua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "qarapara"
},
{
"lang": "koreański",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "kŏbuk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "거북"
},
{
"lang": "krymskotatarski",
"lang_code": "crh",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "qapulbaqa"
},
{
"lang": "litewski",
"lang_code": "lt",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vėžlys"
},
{
"lang": "luksemburski",
"lang_code": "lb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "Deckelsmouk"
},
{
"lang": "łaciński",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "testudo"
},
{
"lang": "łotewski",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bruņurupucis"
},
{
"lang": "macedoński",
"lang_code": "mk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "желка"
},
{
"lang": "malajski",
"lang_code": "ms",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "penyu"
},
{
"lang": "malgaski",
"lang_code": "mg",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "sokatra"
},
{
"lang": "maltański",
"lang_code": "mt",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "fekruna"
},
{
"lang": "nawaho",
"lang_code": "nv",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "tsisteeł"
},
{
"lang": "nawaho",
"lang_code": "nv",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "chʼééh digháhii"
},
{
"lang": "niderlandzki",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schildpad"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schildkröte"
},
{
"lang": "norweski (bokmål)",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"feminine"
],
"word": "skilpadde"
},
{
"lang": "nowogrecki",
"lang_code": "el",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "χελώνα"
},
{
"lang": "pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kacchapa"
},
{
"lang": "portugalski",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tartaruga"
},
{
"lang": "rosyjski",
"lang_code": "ru",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "черепаха"
},
{
"lang": "sanskryt",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "kacchapa",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कच्छप"
},
{
"lang": "serbsko-chorwacki",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kornjača"
},
{
"lang": "słowacki",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "korytnačka"
},
{
"lang": "staroangielski",
"lang_code": "ang",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "byrdling"
},
{
"lang": "starogrecki",
"lang_code": "gr",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "χελώνη"
},
{
"lang": "sundajski",
"lang_code": "su",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kuya"
},
{
"lang": "szwedzki",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "sköldpadda"
},
{
"lang": "tamilski",
"lang_code": "ta",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "ஆமை"
},
{
"lang": "telugu",
"lang_code": "te",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "కమఠము"
},
{
"lang": "telugu",
"lang_code": "te",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "కచ్ఛపము"
},
{
"lang": "telugu",
"lang_code": "te",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "తాబేలు"
},
{
"lang": "turecki",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kaplumbağa"
},
{
"lang": "tuvalu",
"lang_code": "tvl",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "fonu"
},
{
"lang": "ukraiński",
"lang_code": "uk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "черепа́ха"
},
{
"lang": "walijski",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "crwban"
},
{
"lang": "węgierski",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "teknős"
},
{
"lang": "węgierski",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "teknősbéka"
},
{
"lang": "wietnamski",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "rùa"
},
{
"lang": "wilamowski",
"lang_code": "wym",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żuw"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tartaruga"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "testudo"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "testudo formation"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "tortoise formation"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schildkrötenformation"
},
{
"lang": "rosyjski",
"lang_code": "ru",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "черепаха"
},
{
"lang": "słowacki",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "korytnačka"
},
{
"lang": "ukraiński",
"lang_code": "uk",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "черепа́ха"
},
{
"lang": "wilamowski",
"lang_code": "wym",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żuw"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.3",
"word": "turtle"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.3",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schildkröte"
}
],
"word": "żółw"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polski (indeks)",
"orig": "polski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(1.1) w polszczyźnie zaświadczone od XV wieku, t. st.pol. żełw; prasł. *žely, *želъve < praindoeur. *gʰelū-, prawdopodobnie od praindoeur. *gʰel- → zielony, żółty, (por. np. żółw zielony); por. czes. želva, cs. жєлъва (želъva) / cs. жєлъвь (želъvь), gr. χέλυς (chélys) → żółw",
"(1.2) kalka z łac. testudo → żółw",
"(1.3, 2.1) od znaczenia 1.1"
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"word": "jak żółw"
},
{
"word": "żelazna żaba"
}
],
"raw_tags": [
"męskoosobowy"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"neuter"
],
"word": "żółwiątko"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółwinek"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "żółwinkowate"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "żółwie"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółwiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "żółwiakowate"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forma żeńska żółwica"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółwik"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "żółwi"
},
{
"word": "żółwiowy"
},
{
"word": "żółwikowy"
},
{
"word": "żółwinkowaty"
},
{
"word": "żółwiakowaty"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "żółwio"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"powolny człowiek"
],
"id": "pl-żółw-pl-noun-PAtM1N5G",
"sense_index": "2.1"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Pl-żółw.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/91/Pl-żółw.ogg/Pl-żółw.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-żółw.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "ʒuwf"
},
{
"ipa": "žuu̯f",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Gower-żółw.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Gower-żółw.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "ukraiński",
"lang_code": "uk",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "черепа́ха"
}
],
"word": "żółw"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Język kaszubski",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kaszubski (indeks)",
"orig": "kaszubski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"lang": "język kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"żółw"
],
"id": "pl-żółw-csb-noun-82uBEJT0",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"topics": [
"herpetology"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółw"
}
{
"categories": [
"Język kaszubski",
"kaszubski (indeks)"
],
"lang": "język kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"żółw"
],
"sense_index": "1.1",
"topics": [
"herpetology"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółw"
}
{
"categories": [
"polski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(1.1) w polszczyźnie zaświadczone od XV wieku, t. st.pol. żełw; prasł. *žely, *želъve < praindoeur. *gʰelū-, prawdopodobnie od praindoeur. *gʰel- → zielony, żółty, (por. np. żółw zielony); por. czes. želva, cs. жєлъва (želъva) / cs. жєлъвь (želъvь), gr. χέλυς (chélys) → żółw",
"(1.2) kalka z łac. testudo → żółw",
"(1.3, 2.1) od znaczenia 1.1"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "żółwia",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiowi",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwia",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiem",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiu",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiu",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwi",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiom",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiami",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiach",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "żółw lądowy"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "żółw morski"
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"notes": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"text": "zobacz też: Indeks:Polski - Płazy i gady"
}
],
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"word": "jak żółw"
},
{
"word": "żelazna żaba"
}
],
"related": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "żółw lamparci"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "żółw skórzasty"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "żółw słoniowy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"neuter"
],
"word": "żółwiątko"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółwinek"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "żółwinkowate"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "żółwie"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółwiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "żółwiakowate"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forma żeńska żółwica"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółwik"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "żółwi"
},
{
"word": "żółwiowy"
},
{
"word": "żółwikowy"
},
{
"word": "żółwinkowaty"
},
{
"word": "żółwiakowaty"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "żółwio"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Żółwie są starsze od dinozaurów."
}
],
"glosses": [
"zwierzę z rzędu Testudines, należące do gromady gadów"
],
"sense_index": "1.1",
"topics": [
"zoology"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"szyk bojowy legionów rzymskich, polegający na utworzeniu przez legionistów zwartej formacji przypominającej osłoniętego skorupą żółwia (1.1)"
],
"sense_index": "1.2",
"topics": [
"history",
"military"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"kursor graficzny określający współrzędne na ekranie, kierunek oraz rodzaj i kolor pióra, stosowany np. w języku Logo"
],
"sense_index": "1.3",
"topics": [
"computer-science"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Pl-żółw.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/91/Pl-żółw.ogg/Pl-żółw.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-żółw.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "ʒuwf"
},
{
"ipa": "žuu̯f",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Gower-żółw.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Gower-żółw.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "testudo"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "abazyński",
"lang_code": "cau",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "адабыжьмакъ"
},
{
"lang": "abenaki",
"lang_code": "abe",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "tolba"
},
{
"lang": "adygejski",
"lang_code": "ady",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "хьэдэпчэмыӏу"
},
{
"lang": "albański",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "breshkë"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "tortoise"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "turtle"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "sea turtle"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"bryt."
],
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "terrapin"
},
{
"lang": "arabski",
"lang_code": "ar",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "سلحفاة"
},
{
"lang": "awarski",
"lang_code": "av",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "щурункъверкъ"
},
{
"lang": "azerski",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "tısbağa"
},
{
"lang": "baskijski",
"lang_code": "eu",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "dortoka"
},
{
"lang": "bengalski",
"lang_code": "bn",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "কাছিম"
},
{
"lang": "białoruski",
"lang_code": "be",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чарапаха"
},
{
"lang": "bułgarski",
"lang_code": "bg",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "костенурка"
},
{
"lang": "czeski",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "želva"
},
{
"lang": "duński",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "skildpadde"
},
{
"lang": "esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "testudo"
},
{
"lang": "estoński",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kilpkonn"
},
{
"lang": "fiński",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kilpikonna"
},
{
"lang": "francuski",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tortue"
},
{
"lang": "gudźarati",
"lang_code": "gu",
"roman": "kācabō",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "કાચબો"
},
{
"lang": "hebrajski",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "caw",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "צב"
},
{
"lang": "hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "kachu'ā",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कछुआ"
},
{
"lang": "hiszpański",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tortuga"
},
{
"lang": "irlandzki",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "turtar"
},
{
"lang": "islandzki",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skjaldbaka"
},
{
"lang": "japoński",
"lang_code": "ja",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "亀"
},
{
"lang": "japoński",
"lang_code": "ja",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "かめ"
},
{
"lang": "jidysz",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "czerepache",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "טשערעפּאַכע"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółw"
},
{
"lang": "kataloński",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tortuga"
},
{
"lang": "kazachski",
"lang_code": "kk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "тасбақа"
},
{
"lang": "keczua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "qarapara"
},
{
"lang": "koreański",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "kŏbuk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "거북"
},
{
"lang": "krymskotatarski",
"lang_code": "crh",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "qapulbaqa"
},
{
"lang": "litewski",
"lang_code": "lt",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vėžlys"
},
{
"lang": "luksemburski",
"lang_code": "lb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "Deckelsmouk"
},
{
"lang": "łaciński",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "testudo"
},
{
"lang": "łotewski",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bruņurupucis"
},
{
"lang": "macedoński",
"lang_code": "mk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "желка"
},
{
"lang": "malajski",
"lang_code": "ms",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "penyu"
},
{
"lang": "malgaski",
"lang_code": "mg",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "sokatra"
},
{
"lang": "maltański",
"lang_code": "mt",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "fekruna"
},
{
"lang": "nawaho",
"lang_code": "nv",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "tsisteeł"
},
{
"lang": "nawaho",
"lang_code": "nv",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "chʼééh digháhii"
},
{
"lang": "niderlandzki",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schildpad"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schildkröte"
},
{
"lang": "norweski (bokmål)",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"feminine"
],
"word": "skilpadde"
},
{
"lang": "nowogrecki",
"lang_code": "el",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "χελώνα"
},
{
"lang": "pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kacchapa"
},
{
"lang": "portugalski",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tartaruga"
},
{
"lang": "rosyjski",
"lang_code": "ru",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "черепаха"
},
{
"lang": "sanskryt",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "kacchapa",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कच्छप"
},
{
"lang": "serbsko-chorwacki",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kornjača"
},
{
"lang": "słowacki",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "korytnačka"
},
{
"lang": "staroangielski",
"lang_code": "ang",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "byrdling"
},
{
"lang": "starogrecki",
"lang_code": "gr",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "χελώνη"
},
{
"lang": "sundajski",
"lang_code": "su",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kuya"
},
{
"lang": "szwedzki",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "sköldpadda"
},
{
"lang": "tamilski",
"lang_code": "ta",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "ஆமை"
},
{
"lang": "telugu",
"lang_code": "te",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "కమఠము"
},
{
"lang": "telugu",
"lang_code": "te",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "కచ్ఛపము"
},
{
"lang": "telugu",
"lang_code": "te",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "తాబేలు"
},
{
"lang": "turecki",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kaplumbağa"
},
{
"lang": "tuvalu",
"lang_code": "tvl",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "fonu"
},
{
"lang": "ukraiński",
"lang_code": "uk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "черепа́ха"
},
{
"lang": "walijski",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "crwban"
},
{
"lang": "węgierski",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "teknős"
},
{
"lang": "węgierski",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "teknősbéka"
},
{
"lang": "wietnamski",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "rùa"
},
{
"lang": "wilamowski",
"lang_code": "wym",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żuw"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tartaruga"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "testudo"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "testudo formation"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "tortoise formation"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schildkrötenformation"
},
{
"lang": "rosyjski",
"lang_code": "ru",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "черепаха"
},
{
"lang": "słowacki",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "korytnačka"
},
{
"lang": "ukraiński",
"lang_code": "uk",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "черепа́ха"
},
{
"lang": "wilamowski",
"lang_code": "wym",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żuw"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.3",
"word": "turtle"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.3",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schildkröte"
}
],
"word": "żółw"
}
{
"categories": [
"polski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(1.1) w polszczyźnie zaświadczone od XV wieku, t. st.pol. żełw; prasł. *žely, *želъve < praindoeur. *gʰelū-, prawdopodobnie od praindoeur. *gʰel- → zielony, żółty, (por. np. żółw zielony); por. czes. želva, cs. жєлъва (želъva) / cs. жєлъвь (želъvь), gr. χέλυς (chélys) → żółw",
"(1.2) kalka z łac. testudo → żółw",
"(1.3, 2.1) od znaczenia 1.1"
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"word": "jak żółw"
},
{
"word": "żelazna żaba"
}
],
"raw_tags": [
"męskoosobowy"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"neuter"
],
"word": "żółwiątko"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółwinek"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "żółwinkowate"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "żółwie"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółwiak"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "żółwiakowate"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forma żeńska żółwica"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"masculine"
],
"word": "żółwik"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "żółwi"
},
{
"word": "żółwiowy"
},
{
"word": "żółwikowy"
},
{
"word": "żółwinkowaty"
},
{
"word": "żółwiakowaty"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "żółwio"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"powolny człowiek"
],
"sense_index": "2.1"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Pl-żółw.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/91/Pl-żółw.ogg/Pl-żółw.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-żółw.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "ʒuwf"
},
{
"ipa": "žuu̯f",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-żółw.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Gower-żółw.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Gower-żółw.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Gower-żółw.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav.ogg",
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Msz2001-żółw.wav"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "ukraiński",
"lang_code": "uk",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "черепа́ха"
}
],
"word": "żółw"
}
Download raw JSONL data for żółw meaning in All languages combined (16.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the plwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-20 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.