"せまる" meaning in All languages combined

See せまる on Wiktionary

Verb [古典日本語]

Forms: 迫る [kanji], 逼る [kanji], 拶る [kanji]
  1. 近付く。
    Sense id: ja-せまる-ojp-verb-0lPxkIJl
  2. 狭くなる
    Sense id: ja-せまる-ojp-verb-pxtc72te
  3. 生活に困窮する。
    Sense id: ja-せまる-ojp-verb-1DQBI1FD
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated

Verb [日本語]

IPA: [se̞ma̠ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
Forms: 迫る [kanji], 逼る [kanji], 拶る [kanji], せま, [imperfective], [imperfective], [continuative], っ [continuative], [terminal], [attributive], [hypothetical], [imperative], せまらない [negative], 未然形 + ない [negative], せまろう, 未然形音便 + う, せまります [polite], 連用形 + ます [polite], せまった [past, completive], 連用形音便 + た [past, completive], せまる [definitive], 終止形のみ [definitive], せまること [noun-from-verb], 連体形 + こと [noun-from-verb], せまれば, 仮定形 + ば, せまれ [imperative], 命令形のみ [imperative]
  1. 間隔が小さくなる。 Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: ja-せまる-ja-verb-mCy5jmO8 Categories (other): 日本語 自動詞
  2. すぐ近くにまでおしよせる。圧迫するほどに接近する。 Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: ja-せまる-ja-verb-5ED9LxmX Categories (other): 日本語 自動詞
  3. 期限などが近付く。 Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: ja-せまる-ja-verb-OfvggMGV Categories (other): 日本語 自動詞
  4. ある状況、状態に近付く。 Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: ja-せまる-ja-verb-z-mUANI9 Categories (other): 日本語 自動詞
  5. 余裕などが無くなる。困窮する。 Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: ja-せまる-ja-verb-FiaRetg2 Categories (other): 日本語 自動詞
  6. ある事をするように強い態度で求める。 Tags: transitive
    Sense id: ja-せまる-ja-verb-h1Cm-HY0 Categories (other): 日本語 他動詞
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated

Inflected forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "日本語",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "日本語 動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "日本語 動詞 ラ五",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "日本語 国際音声記号あり",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "日本語_古典日本語由来",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "古典日本語「せまる」"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "迫る",
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "逼る",
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "拶る",
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せま",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用",
        "語幹"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ろ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "り",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "っ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "る",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "terminal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "る",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "れ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "れ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまらない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "未然形 + ない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまろう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形",
        "意志・勧誘"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "未然形音便 + う",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合",
        "意志・勧誘"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまります",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連用形 + ます",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "completive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連用形音便 + た",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "completive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "終止形のみ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまること",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連体形 + こと",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまれば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形",
        "仮定条件"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "仮定形 + ば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合",
        "仮定条件"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "命令形のみ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "日本語",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "動詞",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "日本語 自動詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "間隔が小さくなる。"
      ],
      "id": "ja-せまる-ja-verb-mCy5jmO8",
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "日本語 自動詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "すぐ近くにまでおしよせる。圧迫するほどに接近する。"
      ],
      "id": "ja-せまる-ja-verb-5ED9LxmX",
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "日本語 自動詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "期限などが近付く。"
      ],
      "id": "ja-せまる-ja-verb-OfvggMGV",
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "日本語 自動詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ある状況、状態に近付く。"
      ],
      "id": "ja-せまる-ja-verb-z-mUANI9",
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "日本語 自動詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "余裕などが無くなる。困窮する。"
      ],
      "id": "ja-せまる-ja-verb-FiaRetg2",
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "日本語 他動詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ある事をするように強い態度で求める。"
      ],
      "id": "ja-せまる-ja-verb-h1Cm-HY0",
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "form": "せまる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "東京式"
      ],
      "roman": "[sèmáꜜrù]",
      "tags": [
        "Nakadaka"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[se̞ma̠ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
    },
    {
      "form": "せまる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "京阪式"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Heiban"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "せまる"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "古典日本語",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "古典日本語 動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "迫る",
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "逼る",
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "拶る",
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "古典日本語",
  "lang_code": "ojp",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "動詞",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "近付く。"
      ],
      "id": "ja-せまる-ojp-verb-0lPxkIJl",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "近",
          "ちか"
        ],
        [
          "付",
          "づ"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "狭くなる"
      ],
      "id": "ja-せまる-ojp-verb-pxtc72te",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "せま"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "生活に困窮する。"
      ],
      "id": "ja-せまる-ojp-verb-1DQBI1FD"
    }
  ],
  "word": "せまる"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "古典日本語",
    "古典日本語 動詞"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "迫る",
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "逼る",
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "拶る",
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "古典日本語",
  "lang_code": "ojp",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "動詞",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "近付く。"
      ],
      "ruby": [
        [
          "近",
          "ちか"
        ],
        [
          "付",
          "づ"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "狭くなる"
      ],
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "せま"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "生活に困窮する。"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "せまる"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "日本語",
    "日本語 動詞",
    "日本語 動詞 ラ五",
    "日本語 国際音声記号あり",
    "日本語_古典日本語由来"
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "古典日本語「せまる」"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "迫る",
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "逼る",
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "拶る",
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せま",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用",
        "語幹"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ら",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ろ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "り",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "っ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "る",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "terminal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "る",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "れ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "れ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ラ行五段活用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまらない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "未然形 + ない",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまろう",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形",
        "意志・勧誘"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "未然形音便 + う",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合",
        "意志・勧誘"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまります",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連用形 + ます",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまった",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "completive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連用形音便 + た",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "completive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "終止形のみ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまること",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "連体形 + こと",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまれば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形",
        "仮定条件"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "仮定形 + ば",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合",
        "仮定条件"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "せまれ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "語形"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "命令形のみ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "各活用形の基礎的な結合例",
        "結合"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "日本語",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "動詞",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "日本語 自動詞"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "間隔が小さくなる。"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "日本語 自動詞"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "すぐ近くにまでおしよせる。圧迫するほどに接近する。"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "日本語 自動詞"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "期限などが近付く。"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "日本語 自動詞"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ある状況、状態に近付く。"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "日本語 自動詞"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "余裕などが無くなる。困窮する。"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "日本語 他動詞"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ある事をするように強い態度で求める。"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "form": "せまる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "東京式"
      ],
      "roman": "[sèmáꜜrù]",
      "tags": [
        "Nakadaka"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[se̞ma̠ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
    },
    {
      "form": "せまる",
      "raw_tags": [
        "京阪式"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Heiban"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "せまる"
}

Download raw JSONL data for せまる meaning in All languages combined (4.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-08 from the jawiktionary dump dated 2025-07-02 using wiktextract (b80cf99 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.