See top-down in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "antonyms": [ { "word": "bottom-up" } ], "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Adjectifs en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Lemmes en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Mots en français issus d’un mot en anglais", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en anglais", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Français", "orig": "français", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "etymology_texts": [ "De l'anglais top-down." ], "lang": "Français", "lang_code": "fr", "pos": "adj", "pos_title": "Adjectif", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Anglicismes en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Lexique en français du management", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "text": "On distingue, en effet, d’une part les mécanismes bottom-up qui vont de la périphérie vers la conscience du sujet, et, d’autre part, les mécanismes top-down originaires de cette conscience et qui descendent vers l’ensemble des autres processus mentaux.— (Lionel Naccache, Le Nouvel Inconscient : Freud, le Christophe Colomb des neurosciences, Odile Jacob, 2009, page 203)" } ], "glosses": [ "Se dit d'une démarche procédurale hiérarchiquement descendante, qui va du haut vers le bas, part du général pour aller au particulier." ], "id": "fr-top-down-fr-adj-Z6XK2bgr", "tags": [ "Anglicism" ], "topics": [ "management" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "\\tɔp.dɔwn\\" }, { "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-top-down.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-top-down.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-top-down.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-top-down.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-top-down.wav.ogg", "raw_tags": [ "Somain (France)" ], "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-top-down.wav" } ], "translations": [ { "lang": "Anglais", "lang_code": "en", "word": "top-down" } ], "word": "top-down" }
{ "antonyms": [ { "word": "bottom-up" } ], "categories": [ "Adjectifs en français", "Lemmes en français", "Mots en français issus d’un mot en anglais", "Traductions en anglais", "français" ], "etymology_texts": [ "De l'anglais top-down." ], "lang": "Français", "lang_code": "fr", "pos": "adj", "pos_title": "Adjectif", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Anglicismes en français", "Lexique en français du management" ], "examples": [ { "text": "On distingue, en effet, d’une part les mécanismes bottom-up qui vont de la périphérie vers la conscience du sujet, et, d’autre part, les mécanismes top-down originaires de cette conscience et qui descendent vers l’ensemble des autres processus mentaux.— (Lionel Naccache, Le Nouvel Inconscient : Freud, le Christophe Colomb des neurosciences, Odile Jacob, 2009, page 203)" } ], "glosses": [ "Se dit d'une démarche procédurale hiérarchiquement descendante, qui va du haut vers le bas, part du général pour aller au particulier." ], "tags": [ "Anglicism" ], "topics": [ "management" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "\\tɔp.dɔwn\\" }, { "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-top-down.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-top-down.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-top-down.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-top-down.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz_Jähnick-top-down.wav.ogg", "raw_tags": [ "Somain (France)" ], "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-top-down.wav" } ], "translations": [ { "lang": "Anglais", "lang_code": "en", "word": "top-down" } ], "word": "top-down" }
Download raw JSONL data for top-down meaning in Français (1.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Français dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-20 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.