Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

subpoena/English/noun

1: subpoena/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English entries with etymology trees", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English nouns with irregular plurals", "English terms derived from Ancient Greek", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Medieval Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-Italic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/iːnə", "Rhymes:English/iːnə/3 syllables", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations"], "derived": [{"tags": ["obsolete"], "word": "subpenal"}, {"word": "subpoena ad respondendum"}, {"word": "subpoena ad testificandum"}, {"word": "subpoena duces tecum"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "inh", "3": "enm>sub pena>subpoena", "id": "writ", "tree": "1"}, "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nMedieval Latin subbor.\nProto-Indo-European *kʷey-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂\nAncient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor.\nMedieval Latin poenabor.\nMiddle English sub pena\nEnglish subpoena", "name": "etymon"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "sub pena", "t": "writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court"}, "expansion": "Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "sub", "t": "under"}, "expansion": "Latin sub (“under”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}], "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nMedieval Latin subbor.\nProto-Indo-European *kʷey-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂\nAncient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor.\nMedieval Latin poenabor.\nMiddle English sub pena\nEnglish subpoena\nThe noun sense is derived from Late Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”), from Latin sub (“under”) + poena (“penalty, punishment”), from the opening words of the writ. The verb sense is derived from the noun one.", "forms": [{"form": "subpoenas", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpoenae", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpoenæ", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpena", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "subpœna", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "s", "2": "subpoenae", "3": "subpoenæ"}, "expansion": "subpoena (plural subpoenas or subpoenae or subpoenæ)", "name": "en-noun"}], "hyphenation": ["sub‧poe‧na"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Law"], "examples": [{"ref": "1612 (date written), Tho: Overburye [i.e. Thomas Overbury], “Characters, or Witty Descriptions of the Properties of Sundry Persons. A Country Gentleman.”, in A Wife. Now the Widdow of Sir Tho: Overburye. Being a Most Exquisite and Singular Poem of the Choise of a Wife. […], 4th edition, London: […] G[eorge] Eld, for Lawrence Lisle, […], published 1614, →OCLC:", "text": "Nothing vnder a Sub-pœna can dravv him to London, and vvhen he is there, hee ſtickes faſt vppon euery Obiect, caſts his eyes avvay vppon gazing, and becomes the prey of euery cut-purſe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VII, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 181:", "text": "For the worthy magistrate, determined to omit no chance of doing Effie justice, and to leave her sister no apology for not giving the evidence which she was supposed to possess, had caused the ordinary citation, or sub-pœna, of the Scottish criminal court, to be served upon her by an officer during his conference with David.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “Which is All about the Law, and Sundry Great Authorities Learned therein”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC, pages 318–319:", "text": "\"Samuel Weller?\" said Mr. Jackson, enquiringly. \"Vun o' the truest things as you've said for many a long year,\" replied Sam, in a most composed manner. \"Here's a subpœna for you, Mr. Weller,\" said Jackson. […] Mr. Jackson seemed rather puzzled by Sam's proceedings; but, as he had served the subpœnas, and had nothing more to say, he made a feint of putting on the one glove which he usually carried in his hand, for the sake of appearances; and returned to the office to report progress.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2016 October 26, David Moye, “Trevor Noah: If Trump is Elected, He’ll Wage ‘Warsuits’”, in Huffington Post, New York, N.Y.: Verizon Media:", "text": "\"He won't be waging wars all the world – he'll be waging 'warsuits,'\" Noah said. \"Droning people with subpoenas all over the globe.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2019 May 7, Nicholas Fandos, Charlie Savage, Catie Edmondson, Maggie Haberman, quoting Stephen Elliott Boyd, “Justice Dept. threatens House Democrats over contempt in Barr battle”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-13:", "text": "I hereby request that the committee hold the subpoena in abeyance and delay any vote on whether to recommend a citation of contempt for noncompliance with the subpoena, pending the president's determination of this question.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["writ", "writ#English"], ["written", "written#Adjective"], ["order", "order#Noun"], ["requiring", "require"], ["appear", "appear"], ["court", "court#Noun"], ["deposition", "deposition"], ["legal", "legal#Adjective"], ["proceeding", "proceeding#Noun"], ["witness", "witness#Noun"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["testimony", "testimony"], ["subpoena ad testificandum", "subpoena ad testificandum"], ["produce", "produce#Verb"], ["evidence", "evidence#Noun"], ["subpoena duces tecum", "subpoena duces tecum"], ["default", "default#Noun"], ["person", "person#Noun"], ["punish", "punish"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished."], "senseid": ["en:writ"], "synonyms": [{"word": "witness summons"}, {"word": "order to attend court"}], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with historical senses", "English terms with quotations", "en:Law"], "examples": [{"ref": "1644, Edw[ard] Coke, “The Court of Chancery”, in The Fourth Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England. […], London: […] M[iles] Flesher, for W[illiam] Lee, and D[aniel] Pakeman, →OCLC, page 83:", "text": "No man to be called by Privy Seal or Subpœna to anſwer any matters but ſuch as have no remedy by the Common law, and that to appear ſo by the teſtimony of two Juſtices of either Bench, and by Indenture between them and the Plaintiff, which Plaintiff ſhall always appear in proper perſon, and find ſurety by recognizance to proſecute with effect the matters of the Bill only, and to anſwer dammages if the ſame fall out againſt the Plaintiff.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1768, William Blackstone, “Of Proceedings in the Courts of Equity”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book III (Of Private Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 443:", "text": "[I]f the defendant, on ſervice of the ſubpoena, does not appear vvithin the time limited by the rules of the court, and plead, demur, or anſvver to the bill, he is then ſaid to be in contempt; and the reſpective proceſſes of contempt are in ſucceſſive order avvarded againſt him.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1875 March 25 (first performance), W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, librettist; Arthur Sullivan, composer, Trial by Jury. A Novel and Original Dramatic Cantata, London: Walter Smith, […], published 1875, →OCLC, page 3:", "text": "For to-day in this arena, / Summoned by a stern subpœna, / Edwin, sued by Angelina— / Shortly will appear.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["defendant", "defendant#Noun"], ["answer", "answer#Verb"], ["plaintiff", "plaintiff"], ["claim", "claim#Noun"], ["subpoena ad respondendum", "subpoena ad respondendum"], ["England and Wales", "England and Wales"], ["Ireland", "Ireland"], ["formerly", "formerly"], ["issued", "issue#Verb"], ["request", "request#Noun"], ["commence", "commence"], ["suit", "suit#Noun"], ["procedure", "procedure"], ["abolish", "abolish"]], "raw_glosses": ["(historical, law) A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852."], "tags": ["historical"], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1635 October 25 (date licensed; Gregorian calendar), James Shirly [i.e., James Shirley], The Lady of Pleasure. A Comedie, […], London: […] Tho[mas] Cotes for Andrew Crooke, and William Cooke, published 1637, →OCLC, Act I, signature B2, verso:", "text": "Your meetings cal'd the Ball, to vvhich appeare, / As to the Court of Pleaſure, all your gallants, / And Ladies thither bound by a Subpena / Of Venus, […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone."], "links": [["compel", "compel"], ["demand", "demand#Verb"], ["summon", "summon#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figurative) A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone."], "tags": ["figuratively"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/sə(b)ˈpiː.nə/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/səˈpi.nə/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-subpoena.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/En-us-subpoena.ogg/En-us-subpoena.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/En-us-subpoena.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-iːnə"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "istidʕāʔ", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "اِسْتِدْعَاء"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "canucʻagir", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "ծանուցագիր"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "çağırış"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pavjéstka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "паве́стка"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pózva", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "по́зва"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "povikvátelna", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "повиква́телна"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "prizóvka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "призо́вка"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citació"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citació a dia cert"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "chuánpiào", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "傳票 /传票"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "chuánxùn", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "傳訊 /传讯"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "předvolání k soudu"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "soudní obsílka"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["common-gender"], "word": "stævning"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "dagvaarding"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "kohtukutse"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "stevning"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "haaste"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "haaste todistajaksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citation"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Auskunftsanordnung"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Vorladung"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Zwangsvorladung"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "klísi", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "κλήση"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "klítefsi", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "κλήτευση"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "beidézés"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "idézés"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "citation"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citazione"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "convocazione"}, {"alt": "しょうかん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shōkan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "召喚"}, {"alt": "しょうかんじょう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shōkanjō", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "召喚状"}, {"alt": "召喚", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sohwan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "소환"}, {"alt": "召喚狀", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sohwanjang", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "소환장"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "sepina"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "stevning"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "wezwanie do sądu"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citação"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "intimação"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citație"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "povéstka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "пове́стка"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "výzov v sud", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "вы́зов в суд"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "predvolanie na súd"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citación"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "requerimiento"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "citatorio"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citatoria"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["common-gender"], "word": "stämning"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "celp kâğıdı"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "celpname"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "mahkeme çağrısı"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "povístka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "пові́стка"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "trát tòa"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff’s claim", "word": "haaste vastata vaatimukseen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone", "word": "haaste"}], "wikipedia": ["Richard Nixon", "United States District Court for the District of Columbia", "Watergate scandal"], "word": "subpoena"}
1: subpoena/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English entries with etymology trees", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English nouns with irregular plurals", "English terms derived from Ancient Greek", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Medieval Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-Italic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/iːnə", "Rhymes:English/iːnə/3 syllables", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations"], "derived": [{"tags": ["obsolete"], "word": "subpenal"}, {"word": "subpoena ad respondendum"}, {"word": "subpoena ad testificandum"}, {"word": "subpoena duces tecum"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "inh", "3": "enm>sub pena>subpoena", "id": "writ", "tree": "1"}, "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nMedieval Latin subbor.\nProto-Indo-European *kʷey-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂\nAncient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor.\nMedieval Latin poenabor.\nMiddle English sub pena\nEnglish subpoena", "name": "etymon"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "sub pena", "t": "writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court"}, "expansion": "Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "sub", "t": "under"}, "expansion": "Latin sub (“under”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}], "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nMedieval Latin subbor.\nProto-Indo-European *kʷey-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂\nAncient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor.\nMedieval Latin poenabor.\nMiddle English sub pena\nEnglish subpoena\nThe noun sense is derived from Late Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”), from Latin sub (“under”) + poena (“penalty, punishment”), from the opening words of the writ. The verb sense is derived from the noun one.", "forms": [{"form": "subpoenas", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpoenae", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpoenæ", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpena", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "subpœna", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "s", "2": "subpoenae", "3": "subpoenæ"}, "expansion": "subpoena (plural subpoenas or subpoenae or subpoenæ)", "name": "en-noun"}], "hyphenation": ["sub‧poe‧na"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Law"], "examples": [{"ref": "1612 (date written), Tho: Overburye [i.e. Thomas Overbury], “Characters, or Witty Descriptions of the Properties of Sundry Persons. A Country Gentleman.”, in A Wife. Now the Widdow of Sir Tho: Overburye. Being a Most Exquisite and Singular Poem of the Choise of a Wife. […], 4th edition, London: […] G[eorge] Eld, for Lawrence Lisle, […], published 1614, →OCLC:", "text": "Nothing vnder a Sub-pœna can dravv him to London, and vvhen he is there, hee ſtickes faſt vppon euery Obiect, caſts his eyes avvay vppon gazing, and becomes the prey of euery cut-purſe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VII, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 181:", "text": "For the worthy magistrate, determined to omit no chance of doing Effie justice, and to leave her sister no apology for not giving the evidence which she was supposed to possess, had caused the ordinary citation, or sub-pœna, of the Scottish criminal court, to be served upon her by an officer during his conference with David.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “Which is All about the Law, and Sundry Great Authorities Learned therein”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC, pages 318–319:", "text": "\"Samuel Weller?\" said Mr. Jackson, enquiringly. \"Vun o' the truest things as you've said for many a long year,\" replied Sam, in a most composed manner. \"Here's a subpœna for you, Mr. Weller,\" said Jackson. […] Mr. Jackson seemed rather puzzled by Sam's proceedings; but, as he had served the subpœnas, and had nothing more to say, he made a feint of putting on the one glove which he usually carried in his hand, for the sake of appearances; and returned to the office to report progress.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2016 October 26, David Moye, “Trevor Noah: If Trump is Elected, He’ll Wage ‘Warsuits’”, in Huffington Post, New York, N.Y.: Verizon Media:", "text": "\"He won't be waging wars all the world – he'll be waging 'warsuits,'\" Noah said. \"Droning people with subpoenas all over the globe.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2019 May 7, Nicholas Fandos, Charlie Savage, Catie Edmondson, Maggie Haberman, quoting Stephen Elliott Boyd, “Justice Dept. threatens House Democrats over contempt in Barr battle”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-13:", "text": "I hereby request that the committee hold the subpoena in abeyance and delay any vote on whether to recommend a citation of contempt for noncompliance with the subpoena, pending the president's determination of this question.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["writ", "writ#English"], ["written", "written#Adjective"], ["order", "order#Noun"], ["requiring", "require"], ["appear", "appear"], ["court", "court#Noun"], ["deposition", "deposition"], ["legal", "legal#Adjective"], ["proceeding", "proceeding#Noun"], ["witness", "witness#Noun"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["testimony", "testimony"], ["subpoena ad testificandum", "subpoena ad testificandum"], ["produce", "produce#Verb"], ["evidence", "evidence#Noun"], ["subpoena duces tecum", "subpoena duces tecum"], ["default", "default#Noun"], ["person", "person#Noun"], ["punish", "punish"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished."], "senseid": ["en:writ"], "synonyms": [{"word": "witness summons"}, {"word": "order to attend court"}], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with historical senses", "English terms with quotations", "en:Law"], "examples": [{"ref": "1644, Edw[ard] Coke, “The Court of Chancery”, in The Fourth Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England. […], London: […] M[iles] Flesher, for W[illiam] Lee, and D[aniel] Pakeman, →OCLC, page 83:", "text": "No man to be called by Privy Seal or Subpœna to anſwer any matters but ſuch as have no remedy by the Common law, and that to appear ſo by the teſtimony of two Juſtices of either Bench, and by Indenture between them and the Plaintiff, which Plaintiff ſhall always appear in proper perſon, and find ſurety by recognizance to proſecute with effect the matters of the Bill only, and to anſwer dammages if the ſame fall out againſt the Plaintiff.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1768, William Blackstone, “Of Proceedings in the Courts of Equity”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book III (Of Private Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 443:", "text": "[I]f the defendant, on ſervice of the ſubpoena, does not appear vvithin the time limited by the rules of the court, and plead, demur, or anſvver to the bill, he is then ſaid to be in contempt; and the reſpective proceſſes of contempt are in ſucceſſive order avvarded againſt him.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1875 March 25 (first performance), W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, librettist; Arthur Sullivan, composer, Trial by Jury. A Novel and Original Dramatic Cantata, London: Walter Smith, […], published 1875, →OCLC, page 3:", "text": "For to-day in this arena, / Summoned by a stern subpœna, / Edwin, sued by Angelina— / Shortly will appear.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["defendant", "defendant#Noun"], ["answer", "answer#Verb"], ["plaintiff", "plaintiff"], ["claim", "claim#Noun"], ["subpoena ad respondendum", "subpoena ad respondendum"], ["England and Wales", "England and Wales"], ["Ireland", "Ireland"], ["formerly", "formerly"], ["issued", "issue#Verb"], ["request", "request#Noun"], ["commence", "commence"], ["suit", "suit#Noun"], ["procedure", "procedure"], ["abolish", "abolish"]], "raw_glosses": ["(historical, law) A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852."], "tags": ["historical"], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1635 October 25 (date licensed; Gregorian calendar), James Shirly [i.e., James Shirley], The Lady of Pleasure. A Comedie, […], London: […] Tho[mas] Cotes for Andrew Crooke, and William Cooke, published 1637, →OCLC, Act I, signature B2, verso:", "text": "Your meetings cal'd the Ball, to vvhich appeare, / As to the Court of Pleaſure, all your gallants, / And Ladies thither bound by a Subpena / Of Venus, […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone."], "links": [["compel", "compel"], ["demand", "demand#Verb"], ["summon", "summon#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figurative) A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone."], "tags": ["figuratively"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/sə(b)ˈpiː.nə/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/səˈpi.nə/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-subpoena.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/En-us-subpoena.ogg/En-us-subpoena.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/En-us-subpoena.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-iːnə"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "istidʕāʔ", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "اِسْتِدْعَاء"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "canucʻagir", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "ծանուցագիր"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "çağırış"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pavjéstka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "паве́стка"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pózva", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "по́зва"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "povikvátelna", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "повиква́телна"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "prizóvka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "призо́вка"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citació"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citació a dia cert"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "chuánpiào", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "傳票 /传票"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "chuánxùn", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "傳訊 /传讯"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "předvolání k soudu"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "soudní obsílka"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["common-gender"], "word": "stævning"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "dagvaarding"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "kohtukutse"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "stevning"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "haaste"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "haaste todistajaksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citation"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Auskunftsanordnung"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Vorladung"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Zwangsvorladung"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "klísi", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "κλήση"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "klítefsi", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "κλήτευση"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "beidézés"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "idézés"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "citation"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citazione"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "convocazione"}, {"alt": "しょうかん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shōkan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "召喚"}, {"alt": "しょうかんじょう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shōkanjō", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "召喚状"}, {"alt": "召喚", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sohwan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "소환"}, {"alt": "召喚狀", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sohwanjang", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "소환장"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "sepina"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "stevning"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "wezwanie do sądu"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citação"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "intimação"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citație"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "povéstka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "пове́стка"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "výzov v sud", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "вы́зов в суд"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "predvolanie na súd"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citación"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "requerimiento"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "citatorio"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citatoria"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["common-gender"], "word": "stämning"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "celp kâğıdı"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "celpname"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "mahkeme çağrısı"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "povístka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "пові́стка"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "trát tòa"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff’s claim", "word": "haaste vastata vaatimukseen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone", "word": "haaste"}], "wikipedia": ["Richard Nixon", "United States District Court for the District of Columbia", "Watergate scandal"], "word": "subpoena"}

subpoena/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English entries with etymology trees", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English nouns with irregular plurals", "English terms derived from Ancient Greek", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Medieval Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-Italic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/iːnə", "Rhymes:English/iːnə/3 syllables", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations"], "derived": [{"tags": ["obsolete"], "word": "subpenal"}, {"word": "subpoena ad respondendum"}, {"word": "subpoena ad testificandum"}, {"word": "subpoena duces tecum"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "inh", "3": "enm>sub pena>subpoena", "id": "writ", "tree": "1"}, "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European upó\nProto-Italic supo\nMedieval Latin subbor.\nProto-Indo-European kʷey-\nProto-Indo-European -nós\nProto-Indo-European kʷoynéh₂\nAncient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor.\nMedieval Latin poenabor.\nMiddle English sub pena\nEnglish subpoena", "name": "etymon"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "sub pena", "t": "writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court"}, "expansion": "Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "sub", "t": "under"}, "expansion": "Latin sub (“under”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}], "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European upó\nProto-Italic supo\nMedieval Latin subbor.\nProto-Indo-European kʷey-\nProto-Indo-European -nós\nProto-Indo-European kʷoynéh₂\nAncient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor.\nMedieval Latin poenabor.\nMiddle English sub pena\nEnglish subpoena\nThe noun sense is derived from Late Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”), from Latin sub (“under”) + poena (“penalty, punishment”), from the opening words of the writ. The verb sense is derived from the noun one.", "forms": [{"form": "subpoenas", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpoenae", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpoenæ", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpena", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "subpœna", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "s", "2": "subpoenae", "3": "subpoenæ"}, "expansion": "subpoena (plural subpoenas or subpoenae or subpoenæ)", "name": "en-noun"}], "hyphenation": ["sub‧poe‧na"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Law"], "examples": [{"ref": "1612 (date written), Tho: Overburye [i.e. Thomas Overbury], “Characters, or Witty Descriptions of the Properties of Sundry Persons. A Country Gentleman.”, in A Wife. Now the Widdow of Sir Tho: Overburye. Being a Most Exquisite and Singular Poem of the Choise of a Wife. […], 4th edition, London: […] G[eorge] Eld, for Lawrence Lisle, […], published 1614, →OCLC:", "text": "Nothing vnder a Sub-pœna can dravv him to London, and vvhen he is there, hee ſtickes faſt vppon euery Obiect, caſts his eyes avvay vppon gazing, and becomes the prey of euery cut-purſe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VII, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 181:", "text": "For the worthy magistrate, determined to omit no chance of doing Effie justice, and to leave her sister no apology for not giving the evidence which she was supposed to possess, had caused the ordinary citation, or sub-pœna, of the Scottish criminal court, to be served upon her by an officer during his conference with David.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “Which is All about the Law, and Sundry Great Authorities Learned therein”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC, pages 318–319:", "text": "\"Samuel Weller?\" said Mr. Jackson, enquiringly. \"Vun o' the truest things as you've said for many a long year,\" replied Sam, in a most composed manner. \"Here's a subpœna for you, Mr. Weller,\" said Jackson. […] Mr. Jackson seemed rather puzzled by Sam's proceedings; but, as he had served the subpœnas, and had nothing more to say, he made a feint of putting on the one glove which he usually carried in his hand, for the sake of appearances; and returned to the office to report progress.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2016 October 26, David Moye, “Trevor Noah: If Trump is Elected, He’ll Wage ‘Warsuits’”, in Huffington Post, New York, N.Y.: Verizon Media:", "text": "\"He won't be waging wars all the world – he'll be waging 'warsuits,'\" Noah said. \"Droning people with subpoenas all over the globe.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2019 May 7, Nicholas Fandos, Charlie Savage, Catie Edmondson, Maggie Haberman, quoting Stephen Elliott Boyd, “Justice Dept. threatens House Democrats over contempt in Barr battle”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-13:", "text": "I hereby request that the committee hold the subpoena in abeyance and delay any vote on whether to recommend a citation of contempt for noncompliance with the subpoena, pending the president's determination of this question.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["writ", "writ#English"], ["written", "written#Adjective"], ["order", "order#Noun"], ["requiring", "require"], ["appear", "appear"], ["court", "court#Noun"], ["deposition", "deposition"], ["legal", "legal#Adjective"], ["proceeding", "proceeding#Noun"], ["witness", "witness#Noun"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["testimony", "testimony"], ["subpoena ad testificandum", "subpoena ad testificandum"], ["produce", "produce#Verb"], ["evidence", "evidence#Noun"], ["subpoena duces tecum", "subpoena duces tecum"], ["default", "default#Noun"], ["person", "person#Noun"], ["punish", "punish"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished."], "senseid": ["en:writ"], "synonyms": [{"word": "witness summons"}, {"word": "order to attend court"}], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with historical senses", "English terms with quotations", "en:Law"], "examples": [{"ref": "1644, Edw[ard] Coke, “The Court of Chancery”, in The Fourth Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England. […], London: […] M[iles] Flesher, for W[illiam] Lee, and D[aniel] Pakeman, →OCLC, page 83:", "text": "No man to be called by Privy Seal or Subpœna to anſwer any matters but ſuch as have no remedy by the Common law, and that to appear ſo by the teſtimony of two Juſtices of either Bench, and by Indenture between them and the Plaintiff, which Plaintiff ſhall always appear in proper perſon, and find ſurety by recognizance to proſecute with effect the matters of the Bill only, and to anſwer dammages if the ſame fall out againſt the Plaintiff.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1768, William Blackstone, “Of Proceedings in the Courts of Equity”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book III (Of Private Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 443:", "text": "[I]f the defendant, on ſervice of the ſubpoena, does not appear vvithin the time limited by the rules of the court, and plead, demur, or anſvver to the bill, he is then ſaid to be in contempt; and the reſpective proceſſes of contempt are in ſucceſſive order avvarded againſt him.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1875 March 25 (first performance), W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, librettist; Arthur Sullivan, composer, Trial by Jury. A Novel and Original Dramatic Cantata, London: Walter Smith, […], published 1875, →OCLC, page 3:", "text": "For to-day in this arena, / Summoned by a stern subpœna, / Edwin, sued by Angelina— / Shortly will appear.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["defendant", "defendant#Noun"], ["answer", "answer#Verb"], ["plaintiff", "plaintiff"], ["claim", "claim#Noun"], ["subpoena ad respondendum", "subpoena ad respondendum"], ["England and Wales", "England and Wales"], ["Ireland", "Ireland"], ["formerly", "formerly"], ["issued", "issue#Verb"], ["request", "request#Noun"], ["commence", "commence"], ["suit", "suit#Noun"], ["procedure", "procedure"], ["abolish", "abolish"]], "raw_glosses": ["(historical, law) A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852."], "tags": ["historical"], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1635 October 25 (date licensed; Gregorian calendar), James Shirly [i.e., James Shirley], The Lady of Pleasure. A Comedie, […], London: […] Tho[mas] Cotes for Andrew Crooke, and William Cooke, published 1637, →OCLC, Act I, signature B2, verso:", "text": "Your meetings cal'd the Ball, to vvhich appeare, / As to the Court of Pleaſure, all your gallants, / And Ladies thither bound by a Subpena / Of Venus, […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone."], "links": [["compel", "compel"], ["demand", "demand#Verb"], ["summon", "summon#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figurative) A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone."], "tags": ["figuratively"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/sə(b)ˈpiː.nə/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/səˈpi.nə/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-subpoena.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/En-us-subpoena.ogg/En-us-subpoena.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/En-us-subpoena.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-iːnə"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "istidʕāʔ", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "اِسْتِدْعَاء"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "canucʻagir", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "ծանուցագիր"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "çağırış"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pavjéstka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "паве́стка"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pózva", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "по́зва"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "povikvátelna", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "повиква́телна"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "prizóvka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "призо́вка"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citació"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citació a dia cert"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "chuánpiào", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "傳票 /传票"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "chuánxùn", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "傳訊 /传讯"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "předvolání k soudu"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "soudní obsílka"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["common-gender"], "word": "stævning"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "dagvaarding"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "kohtukutse"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "stevning"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "haaste"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "haaste todistajaksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citation"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Auskunftsanordnung"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Vorladung"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Zwangsvorladung"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "klísi", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "κλήση"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "klítefsi", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "κλήτευση"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "beidézés"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "idézés"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "citation"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citazione"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "convocazione"}, {"alt": "しょうかん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shōkan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "召喚"}, {"alt": "しょうかんじょう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shōkanjō", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "召喚状"}, {"alt": "召喚", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sohwan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "소환"}, {"alt": "召喚狀", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sohwanjang", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "소환장"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "sepina"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "stevning"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "wezwanie do sądu"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citação"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "intimação"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citație"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "povéstka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "пове́стка"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "výzov v sud", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "вы́зов в суд"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "predvolanie na súd"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citación"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "requerimiento"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "citatorio"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citatoria"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["common-gender"], "word": "stämning"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "celp kâğıdı"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "celpname"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "mahkeme çağrısı"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "povístka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "пові́стка"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "trát tòa"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff’s claim", "word": "haaste vastata vaatimukseen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone", "word": "haaste"}], "wikipedia": ["Richard Nixon", "United States District Court for the District of Columbia", "Watergate scandal"], "word": "subpoena"}

subpoena (English noun) subpoena/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English entries with etymology trees", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English nouns with irregular plurals", "English terms derived from Ancient Greek", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Medieval Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-Italic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/iːnə", "Rhymes:English/iːnə/3 syllables", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations"], "derived": [{"tags": ["obsolete"], "word": "subpenal"}, {"word": "subpoena ad respondendum"}, {"word": "subpoena ad testificandum"}, {"word": "subpoena duces tecum"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "inh", "3": "enm>sub pena>subpoena", "id": "writ", "tree": "1"}, "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nMedieval Latin subbor.\nProto-Indo-European *kʷey-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂\nAncient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor.\nMedieval Latin poenabor.\nMiddle English sub pena\nEnglish subpoena", "name": "etymon"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "sub pena", "t": "writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court"}, "expansion": "Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "sub", "t": "under"}, "expansion": "Latin sub (“under”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}], "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nMedieval Latin subbor.\nProto-Indo-European *kʷey-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂\nAncient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor.\nMedieval Latin poenabor.\nMiddle English sub pena\nEnglish subpoena\nThe noun sense is derived from Late Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”), from Latin sub (“under”) + poena (“penalty, punishment”), from the opening words of the writ. The verb sense is derived from the noun one.", "forms": [{"form": "subpoenas", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpoenae", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpoenæ", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpena", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "subpœna", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "s", "2": "subpoenae", "3": "subpoenæ"}, "expansion": "subpoena (plural subpoenas or subpoenae or subpoenæ)", "name": "en-noun"}], "hyphenation": ["sub‧poe‧na"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Law"], "examples": [{"ref": "1612 (date written), Tho: Overburye [i.e. Thomas Overbury], “Characters, or Witty Descriptions of the Properties of Sundry Persons. A Country Gentleman.”, in A Wife. Now the Widdow of Sir Tho: Overburye. Being a Most Exquisite and Singular Poem of the Choise of a Wife. […], 4th edition, London: […] G[eorge] Eld, for Lawrence Lisle, […], published 1614, →OCLC:", "text": "Nothing vnder a Sub-pœna can dravv him to London, and vvhen he is there, hee ſtickes faſt vppon euery Obiect, caſts his eyes avvay vppon gazing, and becomes the prey of euery cut-purſe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VII, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 181:", "text": "For the worthy magistrate, determined to omit no chance of doing Effie justice, and to leave her sister no apology for not giving the evidence which she was supposed to possess, had caused the ordinary citation, or sub-pœna, of the Scottish criminal court, to be served upon her by an officer during his conference with David.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “Which is All about the Law, and Sundry Great Authorities Learned therein”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC, pages 318–319:", "text": "\"Samuel Weller?\" said Mr. Jackson, enquiringly. \"Vun o' the truest things as you've said for many a long year,\" replied Sam, in a most composed manner. \"Here's a subpœna for you, Mr. Weller,\" said Jackson. […] Mr. Jackson seemed rather puzzled by Sam's proceedings; but, as he had served the subpœnas, and had nothing more to say, he made a feint of putting on the one glove which he usually carried in his hand, for the sake of appearances; and returned to the office to report progress.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2016 October 26, David Moye, “Trevor Noah: If Trump is Elected, He’ll Wage ‘Warsuits’”, in Huffington Post, New York, N.Y.: Verizon Media:", "text": "\"He won't be waging wars all the world – he'll be waging 'warsuits,'\" Noah said. \"Droning people with subpoenas all over the globe.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2019 May 7, Nicholas Fandos, Charlie Savage, Catie Edmondson, Maggie Haberman, quoting Stephen Elliott Boyd, “Justice Dept. threatens House Democrats over contempt in Barr battle”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-13:", "text": "I hereby request that the committee hold the subpoena in abeyance and delay any vote on whether to recommend a citation of contempt for noncompliance with the subpoena, pending the president's determination of this question.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["writ", "writ#English"], ["written", "written#Adjective"], ["order", "order#Noun"], ["requiring", "require"], ["appear", "appear"], ["court", "court#Noun"], ["deposition", "deposition"], ["legal", "legal#Adjective"], ["proceeding", "proceeding#Noun"], ["witness", "witness#Noun"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["testimony", "testimony"], ["subpoena ad testificandum", "subpoena ad testificandum"], ["produce", "produce#Verb"], ["evidence", "evidence#Noun"], ["subpoena duces tecum", "subpoena duces tecum"], ["default", "default#Noun"], ["person", "person#Noun"], ["punish", "punish"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished."], "senseid": ["en:writ"], "synonyms": [{"word": "witness summons"}, {"word": "order to attend court"}], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with historical senses", "English terms with quotations", "en:Law"], "examples": [{"ref": "1644, Edw[ard] Coke, “The Court of Chancery”, in The Fourth Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England. […], London: […] M[iles] Flesher, for W[illiam] Lee, and D[aniel] Pakeman, →OCLC, page 83:", "text": "No man to be called by Privy Seal or Subpœna to anſwer any matters but ſuch as have no remedy by the Common law, and that to appear ſo by the teſtimony of two Juſtices of either Bench, and by Indenture between them and the Plaintiff, which Plaintiff ſhall always appear in proper perſon, and find ſurety by recognizance to proſecute with effect the matters of the Bill only, and to anſwer dammages if the ſame fall out againſt the Plaintiff.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1768, William Blackstone, “Of Proceedings in the Courts of Equity”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book III (Of Private Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 443:", "text": "[I]f the defendant, on ſervice of the ſubpoena, does not appear vvithin the time limited by the rules of the court, and plead, demur, or anſvver to the bill, he is then ſaid to be in contempt; and the reſpective proceſſes of contempt are in ſucceſſive order avvarded againſt him.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1875 March 25 (first performance), W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, librettist; Arthur Sullivan, composer, Trial by Jury. A Novel and Original Dramatic Cantata, London: Walter Smith, […], published 1875, →OCLC, page 3:", "text": "For to-day in this arena, / Summoned by a stern subpœna, / Edwin, sued by Angelina— / Shortly will appear.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["defendant", "defendant#Noun"], ["answer", "answer#Verb"], ["plaintiff", "plaintiff"], ["claim", "claim#Noun"], ["subpoena ad respondendum", "subpoena ad respondendum"], ["England and Wales", "England and Wales"], ["Ireland", "Ireland"], ["formerly", "formerly"], ["issued", "issue#Verb"], ["request", "request#Noun"], ["commence", "commence"], ["suit", "suit#Noun"], ["procedure", "procedure"], ["abolish", "abolish"]], "raw_glosses": ["(historical, law) A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852."], "tags": ["historical"], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1635 October 25 (date licensed; Gregorian calendar), James Shirly [i.e., James Shirley], The Lady of Pleasure. A Comedie, […], London: […] Tho[mas] Cotes for Andrew Crooke, and William Cooke, published 1637, →OCLC, Act I, signature B2, verso:", "text": "Your meetings cal'd the Ball, to vvhich appeare, / As to the Court of Pleaſure, all your gallants, / And Ladies thither bound by a Subpena / Of Venus, […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone."], "links": [["compel", "compel"], ["demand", "demand#Verb"], ["summon", "summon#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figurative) A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone."], "tags": ["figuratively"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/sə(b)ˈpiː.nə/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/səˈpi.nə/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-subpoena.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/En-us-subpoena.ogg/En-us-subpoena.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/En-us-subpoena.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-iːnə"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "istidʕāʔ", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "اِسْتِدْعَاء"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "canucʻagir", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "ծանուցագիր"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "çağırış"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pavjéstka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "паве́стка"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pózva", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "по́зва"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "povikvátelna", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "повиква́телна"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "prizóvka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "призо́вка"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citació"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citació a dia cert"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "chuánpiào", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "傳票 /传票"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "chuánxùn", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "傳訊 /传讯"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "předvolání k soudu"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "soudní obsílka"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["common-gender"], "word": "stævning"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "dagvaarding"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "kohtukutse"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "stevning"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "haaste"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "haaste todistajaksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citation"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Auskunftsanordnung"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Vorladung"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Zwangsvorladung"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "klísi", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "κλήση"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "klítefsi", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "κλήτευση"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "beidézés"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "idézés"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "citation"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citazione"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "convocazione"}, {"alt": "しょうかん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shōkan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "召喚"}, {"alt": "しょうかんじょう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shōkanjō", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "召喚状"}, {"alt": "召喚", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sohwan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "소환"}, {"alt": "召喚狀", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sohwanjang", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "소환장"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "sepina"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "stevning"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "wezwanie do sądu"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citação"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "intimação"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citație"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "povéstka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "пове́стка"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "výzov v sud", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "вы́зов в суд"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "predvolanie na súd"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citación"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "requerimiento"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "citatorio"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citatoria"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["common-gender"], "word": "stämning"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "celp kâğıdı"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "celpname"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "mahkeme çağrısı"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "povístka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "пові́стка"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "trát tòa"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff’s claim", "word": "haaste vastata vaatimukseen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone", "word": "haaste"}], "wikipedia": ["Richard Nixon", "United States District Court for the District of Columbia", "Watergate scandal"], "word": "subpoena"}

subpoena/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English entries with etymology trees", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English nouns with irregular plurals", "English terms derived from Ancient Greek", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Medieval Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-Italic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/iːnə", "Rhymes:English/iːnə/3 syllables", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations"], "derived": [{"tags": ["obsolete"], "word": "subpenal"}, {"word": "subpoena ad respondendum"}, {"word": "subpoena ad testificandum"}, {"word": "subpoena duces tecum"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "inh", "3": "enm>sub pena>subpoena", "id": "writ", "tree": "1"}, "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European upó\nProto-Italic supo\nMedieval Latin subbor.\nProto-Indo-European kʷey-\nProto-Indo-European -nós\nProto-Indo-European kʷoynéh₂\nAncient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor.\nMedieval Latin poenabor.\nMiddle English sub pena\nEnglish subpoena", "name": "etymon"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "sub pena", "t": "writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court"}, "expansion": "Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "sub", "t": "under"}, "expansion": "Latin sub (“under”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}], "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European upó\nProto-Italic supo\nMedieval Latin subbor.\nProto-Indo-European kʷey-\nProto-Indo-European -nós\nProto-Indo-European kʷoynéh₂\nAncient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor.\nMedieval Latin poenabor.\nMiddle English sub pena\nEnglish subpoena\nThe noun sense is derived from Late Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”), from Latin sub (“under”) + poena (“penalty, punishment”), from the opening words of the writ. The verb sense is derived from the noun one.", "forms": [{"form": "subpoenas", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpoenae", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpoenæ", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpena", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "subpœna", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "s", "2": "subpoenae", "3": "subpoenæ"}, "expansion": "subpoena (plural subpoenas or subpoenae or subpoenæ)", "name": "en-noun"}], "hyphenation": ["sub‧poe‧na"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Law"], "examples": [{"ref": "1612 (date written), Tho: Overburye [i.e. Thomas Overbury], “Characters, or Witty Descriptions of the Properties of Sundry Persons. A Country Gentleman.”, in A Wife. Now the Widdow of Sir Tho: Overburye. Being a Most Exquisite and Singular Poem of the Choise of a Wife. […], 4th edition, London: […] G[eorge] Eld, for Lawrence Lisle, […], published 1614, →OCLC:", "text": "Nothing vnder a Sub-pœna can dravv him to London, and vvhen he is there, hee ſtickes faſt vppon euery Obiect, caſts his eyes avvay vppon gazing, and becomes the prey of euery cut-purſe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VII, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 181:", "text": "For the worthy magistrate, determined to omit no chance of doing Effie justice, and to leave her sister no apology for not giving the evidence which she was supposed to possess, had caused the ordinary citation, or sub-pœna, of the Scottish criminal court, to be served upon her by an officer during his conference with David.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “Which is All about the Law, and Sundry Great Authorities Learned therein”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC, pages 318–319:", "text": "\"Samuel Weller?\" said Mr. Jackson, enquiringly. \"Vun o' the truest things as you've said for many a long year,\" replied Sam, in a most composed manner. \"Here's a subpœna for you, Mr. Weller,\" said Jackson. […] Mr. Jackson seemed rather puzzled by Sam's proceedings; but, as he had served the subpœnas, and had nothing more to say, he made a feint of putting on the one glove which he usually carried in his hand, for the sake of appearances; and returned to the office to report progress.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2016 October 26, David Moye, “Trevor Noah: If Trump is Elected, He’ll Wage ‘Warsuits’”, in Huffington Post, New York, N.Y.: Verizon Media:", "text": "\"He won't be waging wars all the world – he'll be waging 'warsuits,'\" Noah said. \"Droning people with subpoenas all over the globe.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2019 May 7, Nicholas Fandos, Charlie Savage, Catie Edmondson, Maggie Haberman, quoting Stephen Elliott Boyd, “Justice Dept. threatens House Democrats over contempt in Barr battle”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-13:", "text": "I hereby request that the committee hold the subpoena in abeyance and delay any vote on whether to recommend a citation of contempt for noncompliance with the subpoena, pending the president's determination of this question.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["writ", "writ#English"], ["written", "written#Adjective"], ["order", "order#Noun"], ["requiring", "require"], ["appear", "appear"], ["court", "court#Noun"], ["deposition", "deposition"], ["legal", "legal#Adjective"], ["proceeding", "proceeding#Noun"], ["witness", "witness#Noun"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["testimony", "testimony"], ["subpoena ad testificandum", "subpoena ad testificandum"], ["produce", "produce#Verb"], ["evidence", "evidence#Noun"], ["subpoena duces tecum", "subpoena duces tecum"], ["default", "default#Noun"], ["person", "person#Noun"], ["punish", "punish"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished."], "senseid": ["en:writ"], "synonyms": [{"word": "witness summons"}, {"word": "order to attend court"}], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with historical senses", "English terms with quotations", "en:Law"], "examples": [{"ref": "1644, Edw[ard] Coke, “The Court of Chancery”, in The Fourth Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England. […], London: […] M[iles] Flesher, for W[illiam] Lee, and D[aniel] Pakeman, →OCLC, page 83:", "text": "No man to be called by Privy Seal or Subpœna to anſwer any matters but ſuch as have no remedy by the Common law, and that to appear ſo by the teſtimony of two Juſtices of either Bench, and by Indenture between them and the Plaintiff, which Plaintiff ſhall always appear in proper perſon, and find ſurety by recognizance to proſecute with effect the matters of the Bill only, and to anſwer dammages if the ſame fall out againſt the Plaintiff.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1768, William Blackstone, “Of Proceedings in the Courts of Equity”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book III (Of Private Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 443:", "text": "[I]f the defendant, on ſervice of the ſubpoena, does not appear vvithin the time limited by the rules of the court, and plead, demur, or anſvver to the bill, he is then ſaid to be in contempt; and the reſpective proceſſes of contempt are in ſucceſſive order avvarded againſt him.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1875 March 25 (first performance), W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, librettist; Arthur Sullivan, composer, Trial by Jury. A Novel and Original Dramatic Cantata, London: Walter Smith, […], published 1875, →OCLC, page 3:", "text": "For to-day in this arena, / Summoned by a stern subpœna, / Edwin, sued by Angelina— / Shortly will appear.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["defendant", "defendant#Noun"], ["answer", "answer#Verb"], ["plaintiff", "plaintiff"], ["claim", "claim#Noun"], ["subpoena ad respondendum", "subpoena ad respondendum"], ["England and Wales", "England and Wales"], ["Ireland", "Ireland"], ["formerly", "formerly"], ["issued", "issue#Verb"], ["request", "request#Noun"], ["commence", "commence"], ["suit", "suit#Noun"], ["procedure", "procedure"], ["abolish", "abolish"]], "raw_glosses": ["(historical, law) A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852."], "tags": ["historical"], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1635 October 25 (date licensed; Gregorian calendar), James Shirly [i.e., James Shirley], The Lady of Pleasure. A Comedie, […], London: […] Tho[mas] Cotes for Andrew Crooke, and William Cooke, published 1637, →OCLC, Act I, signature B2, verso:", "text": "Your meetings cal'd the Ball, to vvhich appeare, / As to the Court of Pleaſure, all your gallants, / And Ladies thither bound by a Subpena / Of Venus, […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone."], "links": [["compel", "compel"], ["demand", "demand#Verb"], ["summon", "summon#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figurative) A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone."], "tags": ["figuratively"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/sə(b)ˈpiː.nə/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/səˈpi.nə/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-subpoena.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/En-us-subpoena.ogg/En-us-subpoena.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/En-us-subpoena.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-iːnə"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "istidʕāʔ", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "اِسْتِدْعَاء"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "canucʻagir", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "ծանուցագիր"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "çağırış"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pavjéstka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "паве́стка"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pózva", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "по́зва"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "povikvátelna", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "повиква́телна"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "prizóvka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "призо́вка"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citació"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citació a dia cert"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "chuánpiào", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "傳票 /传票"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "chuánxùn", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "傳訊 /传讯"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "předvolání k soudu"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "soudní obsílka"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["common-gender"], "word": "stævning"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "dagvaarding"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "kohtukutse"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "stevning"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "haaste"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "haaste todistajaksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citation"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Auskunftsanordnung"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Vorladung"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Zwangsvorladung"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "klísi", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "κλήση"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "klítefsi", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "κλήτευση"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "beidézés"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "idézés"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "citation"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citazione"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "convocazione"}, {"alt": "しょうかん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shōkan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "召喚"}, {"alt": "しょうかんじょう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shōkanjō", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "召喚状"}, {"alt": "召喚", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sohwan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "소환"}, {"alt": "召喚狀", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sohwanjang", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "소환장"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "sepina"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "stevning"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "wezwanie do sądu"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citação"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "intimação"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citație"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "povéstka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "пове́стка"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "výzov v sud", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "вы́зов в суд"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "predvolanie na súd"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citación"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "requerimiento"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "citatorio"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citatoria"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["common-gender"], "word": "stämning"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "celp kâğıdı"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "celpname"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "mahkeme çağrısı"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "povístka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "пові́стка"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "trát tòa"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff’s claim", "word": "haaste vastata vaatimukseen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone", "word": "haaste"}], "wikipedia": ["Richard Nixon", "United States District Court for the District of Columbia", "Watergate scandal"], "word": "subpoena"}

subpoena (English noun) subpoena/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English countable nouns", "English entries with etymology trees", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English nouns with irregular plurals", "English terms derived from Ancient Greek", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Medieval Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-Italic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English transitive verbs", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/iːnə", "Rhymes:English/iːnə/3 syllables", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations"], "derived": [{"tags": ["obsolete"], "word": "subpenal"}, {"word": "subpoena ad respondendum"}, {"word": "subpoena ad testificandum"}, {"word": "subpoena duces tecum"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "inh", "3": "enm>sub pena>subpoena", "id": "writ", "tree": "1"}, "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nMedieval Latin subbor.\nProto-Indo-European *kʷey-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂\nAncient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor.\nMedieval Latin poenabor.\nMiddle English sub pena\nEnglish subpoena", "name": "etymon"}, {"args": {"1": "noun"}, "expansion": "noun", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "sub pena", "t": "writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court"}, "expansion": "Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "sub", "t": "under"}, "expansion": "Latin sub (“under”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "verb"}, "expansion": "verb", "name": "glossary"}], "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nMedieval Latin subbor.\nProto-Indo-European *kʷey-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂\nAncient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)bor.\nMedieval Latin poenabor.\nMiddle English sub pena\nEnglish subpoena\nThe noun sense is derived from Late Middle English sub pena (“writ requiring defendant to appear in the Court of Chancery to answer a plaintiff’s claim or to be punished; writ requiring witness to appear in court”), from Latin sub (“under”) + poena (“penalty, punishment”), from the opening words of the writ. The verb sense is derived from the noun one.", "forms": [{"form": "subpoenas", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpoenae", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpoenæ", "tags": ["plural"]}, {"form": "subpena", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "subpœna", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "s", "2": "subpoenae", "3": "subpoenæ"}, "expansion": "subpoena (plural subpoenas or subpoenae or subpoenæ)", "name": "en-noun"}], "hyphenation": ["sub‧poe‧na"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Law"], "examples": [{"ref": "1612 (date written), Tho: Overburye [i.e. Thomas Overbury], “Characters, or Witty Descriptions of the Properties of Sundry Persons. A Country Gentleman.”, in A Wife. Now the Widdow of Sir Tho: Overburye. Being a Most Exquisite and Singular Poem of the Choise of a Wife. […], 4th edition, London: […] G[eorge] Eld, for Lawrence Lisle, […], published 1614, →OCLC:", "text": "Nothing vnder a Sub-pœna can dravv him to London, and vvhen he is there, hee ſtickes faſt vppon euery Obiect, caſts his eyes avvay vppon gazing, and becomes the prey of euery cut-purſe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VII, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 181:", "text": "For the worthy magistrate, determined to omit no chance of doing Effie justice, and to leave her sister no apology for not giving the evidence which she was supposed to possess, had caused the ordinary citation, or sub-pœna, of the Scottish criminal court, to be served upon her by an officer during his conference with David.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “Which is All about the Law, and Sundry Great Authorities Learned therein”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC, pages 318–319:", "text": "\"Samuel Weller?\" said Mr. Jackson, enquiringly. \"Vun o' the truest things as you've said for many a long year,\" replied Sam, in a most composed manner. \"Here's a subpœna for you, Mr. Weller,\" said Jackson. […] Mr. Jackson seemed rather puzzled by Sam's proceedings; but, as he had served the subpœnas, and had nothing more to say, he made a feint of putting on the one glove which he usually carried in his hand, for the sake of appearances; and returned to the office to report progress.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2016 October 26, David Moye, “Trevor Noah: If Trump is Elected, He’ll Wage ‘Warsuits’”, in Huffington Post, New York, N.Y.: Verizon Media:", "text": "\"He won't be waging wars all the world – he'll be waging 'warsuits,'\" Noah said. \"Droning people with subpoenas all over the globe.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2019 May 7, Nicholas Fandos, Charlie Savage, Catie Edmondson, Maggie Haberman, quoting Stephen Elliott Boyd, “Justice Dept. threatens House Democrats over contempt in Barr battle”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-13:", "text": "I hereby request that the committee hold the subpoena in abeyance and delay any vote on whether to recommend a citation of contempt for noncompliance with the subpoena, pending the president's determination of this question.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["writ", "writ#English"], ["written", "written#Adjective"], ["order", "order#Noun"], ["requiring", "require"], ["appear", "appear"], ["court", "court#Noun"], ["deposition", "deposition"], ["legal", "legal#Adjective"], ["proceeding", "proceeding#Noun"], ["witness", "witness#Noun"], ["give", "give#Verb"], ["testimony", "testimony"], ["subpoena ad testificandum", "subpoena ad testificandum"], ["produce", "produce#Verb"], ["evidence", "evidence#Noun"], ["subpoena duces tecum", "subpoena duces tecum"], ["default", "default#Noun"], ["person", "person#Noun"], ["punish", "punish"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) A writ (“written order”) requiring someone to appear in court, or at a deposition or some other legal proceeding, as a witness to give testimony (a subpoena ad testificandum) or to produce evidence (subpoena duces tecum), in default of which the person may be punished."], "senseid": ["en:writ"], "synonyms": [{"word": "witness summons"}, {"word": "order to attend court"}], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with historical senses", "English terms with quotations", "en:Law"], "examples": [{"ref": "1644, Edw[ard] Coke, “The Court of Chancery”, in The Fourth Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England. […], London: […] M[iles] Flesher, for W[illiam] Lee, and D[aniel] Pakeman, →OCLC, page 83:", "text": "No man to be called by Privy Seal or Subpœna to anſwer any matters but ſuch as have no remedy by the Common law, and that to appear ſo by the teſtimony of two Juſtices of either Bench, and by Indenture between them and the Plaintiff, which Plaintiff ſhall always appear in proper perſon, and find ſurety by recognizance to proſecute with effect the matters of the Bill only, and to anſwer dammages if the ſame fall out againſt the Plaintiff.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1768, William Blackstone, “Of Proceedings in the Courts of Equity”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book III (Of Private Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 443:", "text": "[I]f the defendant, on ſervice of the ſubpoena, does not appear vvithin the time limited by the rules of the court, and plead, demur, or anſvver to the bill, he is then ſaid to be in contempt; and the reſpective proceſſes of contempt are in ſucceſſive order avvarded againſt him.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1875 March 25 (first performance), W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, librettist; Arthur Sullivan, composer, Trial by Jury. A Novel and Original Dramatic Cantata, London: Walter Smith, […], published 1875, →OCLC, page 3:", "text": "For to-day in this arena, / Summoned by a stern subpœna, / Edwin, sued by Angelina— / Shortly will appear.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["defendant", "defendant#Noun"], ["answer", "answer#Verb"], ["plaintiff", "plaintiff"], ["claim", "claim#Noun"], ["subpoena ad respondendum", "subpoena ad respondendum"], ["England and Wales", "England and Wales"], ["Ireland", "Ireland"], ["formerly", "formerly"], ["issued", "issue#Verb"], ["request", "request#Noun"], ["commence", "commence"], ["suit", "suit#Noun"], ["procedure", "procedure"], ["abolish", "abolish"]], "raw_glosses": ["(historical, law) A writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff's claim (a subpoena ad respondendum); in England and Wales, and Ireland, this writ was formerly issued by the Court of Chancery at the plaintiff's request to commence a suit, but the procedure was abolished in 1852."], "tags": ["historical"], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1635 October 25 (date licensed; Gregorian calendar), James Shirly [i.e., James Shirley], The Lady of Pleasure. A Comedie, […], London: […] Tho[mas] Cotes for Andrew Crooke, and William Cooke, published 1637, →OCLC, Act I, signature B2, verso:", "text": "Your meetings cal'd the Ball, to vvhich appeare, / As to the Court of Pleaſure, all your gallants, / And Ladies thither bound by a Subpena / Of Venus, […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone."], "links": [["compel", "compel"], ["demand", "demand#Verb"], ["summon", "summon#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figurative) A motive or thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone."], "tags": ["figuratively"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/sə(b)ˈpiː.nə/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/səˈpi.nə/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-subpoena.wav.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-subpoena.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/En-us-subpoena.ogg/En-us-subpoena.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/En-us-subpoena.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-iːnə"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "istidʕāʔ", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "اِسْتِدْعَاء"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "canucʻagir", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "ծանուցագիր"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "çağırış"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pavjéstka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "паве́стка"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pózva", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "по́зва"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "povikvátelna", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "повиква́телна"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "prizóvka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "призо́вка"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citació"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citació a dia cert"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "chuánpiào", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "傳票 /传票"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "chuánxùn", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "傳訊 /传讯"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "předvolání k soudu"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "soudní obsílka"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["common-gender"], "word": "stævning"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "dagvaarding"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "kohtukutse"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "stevning"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "haaste"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "haaste todistajaksi"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citation"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Auskunftsanordnung"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Vorladung"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "Zwangsvorladung"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "klísi", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "κλήση"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "klítefsi", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "κλήτευση"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "beidézés"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "idézés"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "citation"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citazione"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "convocazione"}, {"alt": "しょうかん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shōkan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "召喚"}, {"alt": "しょうかんじょう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shōkanjō", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "召喚状"}, {"alt": "召喚", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sohwan", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "소환"}, {"alt": "召喚狀", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "sohwanjang", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "소환장"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "sepina"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "stevning"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "wezwanie do sądu"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citação"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "intimação"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citație"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "povéstka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "пове́стка"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "výzov v sud", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "вы́зов в суд"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "predvolanie na súd"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citación"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "requerimiento"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "citatorio"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "citatoria"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["common-gender"], "word": "stämning"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "celp kâğıdı"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "celpname"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "mahkeme çağrısı"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "povístka", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "пові́стка"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "writ requiring someone to appear in court or at some other legal proceeding as a witness", "word": "trát tòa"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "writ requiring a defendant to appear in court to answer a plaintiff’s claim", "word": "haaste vastata vaatimukseen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "thing which can compel or demand something, or summon someone", "word": "haaste"}], "wikipedia": ["Richard Nixon", "United States District Court for the District of Columbia", "Watergate scandal"], "word": "subpoena"}

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