Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

grass/English/verb

2: grass/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-Australian not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Central Kurdish links with redundant target parameters", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰreh₁-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", "Entries with translation boxes", "Limos Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi", "Requests for review of Iranian Persian translations", "Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations", "Requests for translations into Isan", "Rhymes:English/æs", "Rhymes:English/æs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs/1 syllable", "Terms with Abenaki translations", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Adyghe translations", "Terms with Afar translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Aghwan translations", "Terms with Aguaruna translations", "Terms with Ahtna translations", "Terms with Akhvakh translations", "Terms with Akkadian translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with Aleut translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Andi translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Aragonese translations", "Terms with Araki translations", "Terms with Archi translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Avar translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Bavarian translations", "Terms with Beaver translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Biao translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Bobongko translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Burun translations", "Terms with Cahuilla translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Carolinian translations", "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Carrier translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Catawba translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Central Melanau translations", "Terms with Chakma translations", "Terms with Chamicuro translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cheke Holo translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Chichewa translations", "Terms with Chipewyan translations", "Terms with Chukchi translations", "Terms with Chuukese translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Cimbrian translations", "Terms with Classical Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Classical Syriac translations", "Terms with Comanche translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Corsican translations", "Terms with Cree translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dargwa translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dongxiang translations", "Terms with Dungan translations", "Terms with Dupaningan Agta translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Arrernte translations", "Terms with Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Eastern Khanty translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Fala translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Fiji Hindi translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Gaam translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gamilaraay translations", "Terms with Ge'ez translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German Low German translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Guaraní translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Heiltsuk translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hiligaynon translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hittite translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hopi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Hunsrik translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Ilocano translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ineseño translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Istriot translations", "Terms with Istro-Romanian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Itelmen translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Jeju translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kabardian translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kapampangan translations", "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "Terms with Kari'na translations", "Terms with Karo Batak translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kaska translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Ket translations", "Terms with Khinalug translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Koasati translations", "Terms with Komi-Permyak translations", "Terms with Komi-Zyrian translations", "Terms with Konkani translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Koyraboro Senni translations", "Terms with Koyukon translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Kunza translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladino translations", "Terms with Lakota translations", "Terms with Lamba translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lepcha translations", "Terms with Lezgi translations", "Terms with Ligurian translations", "Terms with Limburgish translations", "Terms with Limos Kalinga translations", "Terms with Lindu translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Livonian translations", "Terms with Lokono translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luhya translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Lü translations", "Terms with Maasai translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Maguindanao translations", "Terms with Malagasy translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Mazanderani translations", "Terms with Megleno-Romanian translations", "Terms with Mi'kmaq translations", "Terms with Mingrelian translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Mon translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Montagnais translations", "Terms with Montana Salish translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Mòcheno translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Neapolitan translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Nganasan translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Mansi translations", "Terms with Northern Ndebele translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Northern Thai translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Nottoway-Meherrin translations", "Terms with Nǀuu translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old High German translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Old Javanese translations", "Terms with Old Tupi translations", "Terms with Omaha-Ponca translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Pa'o Karen translations", "Terms with Pali translations", "Terms with Pana (Central Africa) translations", "Terms with Papiamentu translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Pennsylvania German translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plains Miwok translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Pohnpeian translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quapaw translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romagnol translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Rwanda-Rundi translations", "Terms with Saho translations", "Terms with Saisiyat translations", "Terms with Sambali translations", "Terms with Samoan translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Saterland Frisian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Shan translations", "Terms with Shor translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Silesian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Sotho translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sranan Tongo translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Svan translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swazi translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Sylheti translations", "Terms with Tabasaran translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tai Dam translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Taos translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tigrinya translations", "Terms with Tiwi translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Toba Batak translations", "Terms with Tocharian A translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Tsonga translations", "Terms with Tsou translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Tundra Nenets translations", "Terms with Tupinambá translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Unami translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Wappo translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Wawa translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations", "Terms with West Flemish translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Mari translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Wolio translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yami translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Yurok translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "Terms with ǃXóõ translations", "en:Flax", "en:Grasses", "en:Marijuana"], "derived": [{"word": "grasser"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "inh": "1"}, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "gras"}, "expansion": "Middle English gras", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "græs"}, "expansion": "Old English græs", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*grasą", "4": "", "5": "grass"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to grow"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "girs"}, "expansion": "Scots girs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "gäärs"}, "expansion": "North Frisian gäärs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Gäärs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "gers", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "West Frisian gers (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Low German Gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, turf, pasture"}, "expansion": "Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, weed"}, "expansion": "German Gras (“grass, weed”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "græs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Danish græs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "gräs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Swedish gräs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nb", "2": "gress", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Faroese", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Icelandic", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "herba", "3": "", "4": "plant, weed, grass"}, "expansion": "Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "grath", "3": "", "4": "grass blade, spike"}, "expansion": "Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).\nCognates\nCognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.\nThe \"informer\" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.", "forms": [{"form": "grasses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "grassing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "grass (third-person singular simple present grasses, present participle grassing, simple past and past participle grassed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:", "text": "The Chicken himself attributed this punishment to his having had the misfortune to get into Chancery early in the proceedings, when he was severely fibbed by the Larkey one, and heavily grassed.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 709:", "text": "He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grass him twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of him.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "links": [["lay out", "lay out"], ["knock down", "knock down"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "flatten"}, {"word": "floor"}, {"word": "lay low"}, {"word": "lay out"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knock out"}, {"word": "knock over"}, {"word": "strike down"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 2:", "text": "\"Grassed on me he did,\" I said morosely. (Note: Grass is English thief slang for inform.)^([sic])", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2004, David Nobbs, Sex and Other Changes, page 95:", "text": "\"I'm dressed as a woman, but I am still technically a man. I believe that to comply with the law of the land I ought to continue to use the Gents', but in order not to look out place I intend to use the Ladies' from now on. I trust none of you will grass on me...\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "links": [["informer", "informer"], ["betray", "betray"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive or intransitive, slang) To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "synonyms": [{"word": "rat out"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cover with grass or with turf."], "links": [["turf", "turf"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cover with grass or with turf."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To feed with grass."], "links": [["feed", "feed"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To feed with grass."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "links": [["flax", "flax"], ["bleach", "bleach"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1903, John Buchan, The African Colony:", "text": "Let him hook and land a tigerfish of 20 lb., at the imminent risk of capsizing and joining the company of the engaging crocodiles, or, when he has grassed the fish, of having a finger bitten off by his iron teeth […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Deeanne Gist, Love on the Line, page 138:", "text": "In typical Necker style, the farmer walked to the line and mounted his gun without any shilly-shally. If he grassed the bird, he and Faurote would go into a shootout. If he missed, Faurote would win.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "links": [["land", "land"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "gräs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹɑːs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɑːs]", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɐːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg/En-uk-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg"}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-grass.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɑːs"}, {"enpr": "grăs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹæs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠æs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠eəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg/En-us-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠as]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äs]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "note": "New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore"}, {"rhymes": "-æs"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "izdavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "издавам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "предавам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "vasikoida"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "moucharder"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "verpfeifen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "facer le delation"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "delatar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "dedurar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "alcaguetar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "nyasi"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zatrevjavam", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "затревявам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "nurmettaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "enherber"}], "word": "grass"}
2: grass/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag New-Zealand not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Central Kurdish links with redundant target parameters", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰreh₁-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", "Entries with translation boxes", "Limos Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi", "Requests for review of Iranian Persian translations", "Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations", "Requests for translations into Isan", "Rhymes:English/æs", "Rhymes:English/æs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs/1 syllable", "Terms with Abenaki translations", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Adyghe translations", "Terms with Afar translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Aghwan translations", "Terms with Aguaruna translations", "Terms with Ahtna translations", "Terms with Akhvakh translations", "Terms with Akkadian translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with Aleut translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Andi translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Aragonese translations", "Terms with Araki translations", "Terms with Archi translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Avar translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Bavarian translations", "Terms with Beaver translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Biao translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Bobongko translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Burun translations", "Terms with Cahuilla translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Carolinian translations", "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Carrier translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Catawba translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Central Melanau translations", "Terms with Chakma translations", "Terms with Chamicuro translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cheke Holo translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Chichewa translations", "Terms with Chipewyan translations", "Terms with Chukchi translations", "Terms with Chuukese translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Cimbrian translations", "Terms with Classical Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Classical Syriac translations", "Terms with Comanche translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Corsican translations", "Terms with Cree translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dargwa translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dongxiang translations", "Terms with Dungan translations", "Terms with Dupaningan Agta translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Arrernte translations", "Terms with Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Eastern Khanty translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Fala translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Fiji Hindi translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Gaam translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gamilaraay translations", "Terms with Ge'ez translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German Low German translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Guaraní translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Heiltsuk translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hiligaynon translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hittite translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hopi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Hunsrik translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Ilocano translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ineseño translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Istriot translations", "Terms with Istro-Romanian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Itelmen translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Jeju translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kabardian translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kapampangan translations", "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "Terms with Kari'na translations", "Terms with Karo Batak translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kaska translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Ket translations", "Terms with Khinalug translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Koasati translations", "Terms with Komi-Permyak translations", "Terms with Komi-Zyrian translations", "Terms with Konkani translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Koyraboro Senni translations", "Terms with Koyukon translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Kunza translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladino translations", "Terms with Lakota translations", "Terms with Lamba translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lepcha translations", "Terms with Lezgi translations", "Terms with Ligurian translations", "Terms with Limburgish translations", "Terms with Limos Kalinga translations", "Terms with Lindu translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Livonian translations", "Terms with Lokono translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luhya translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Lü translations", "Terms with Maasai translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Maguindanao translations", "Terms with Malagasy translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Mazanderani translations", "Terms with Megleno-Romanian translations", "Terms with Mi'kmaq translations", "Terms with Mingrelian translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Mon translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Montagnais translations", "Terms with Montana Salish translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Mòcheno translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Neapolitan translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Nganasan translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Mansi translations", "Terms with Northern Ndebele translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Northern Thai translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Nottoway-Meherrin translations", "Terms with Nǀuu translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old High German translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Old Javanese translations", "Terms with Old Tupi translations", "Terms with Omaha-Ponca translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Pa'o Karen translations", "Terms with Pali translations", "Terms with Pana (Central Africa) translations", "Terms with Papiamentu translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Pennsylvania German translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plains Miwok translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Pohnpeian translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quapaw translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romagnol translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Rwanda-Rundi translations", "Terms with Saho translations", "Terms with Saisiyat translations", "Terms with Sambali translations", "Terms with Samoan translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Saterland Frisian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Shan translations", "Terms with Shor translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Silesian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Sotho translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sranan Tongo translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Svan translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swazi translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Sylheti translations", "Terms with Tabasaran translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tai Dam translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Taos translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tigrinya translations", "Terms with Tiwi translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Toba Batak translations", "Terms with Tocharian A translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Tsonga translations", "Terms with Tsou translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Tundra Nenets translations", "Terms with Tupinambá translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Unami translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Wappo translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Wawa translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations", "Terms with West Flemish translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Mari translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Wolio translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yami translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Yurok translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "Terms with ǃXóõ translations", "en:Flax", "en:Grasses", "en:Marijuana"], "derived": [{"word": "grasser"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "inh": "1"}, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "gras"}, "expansion": "Middle English gras", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "græs"}, "expansion": "Old English græs", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*grasą", "4": "", "5": "grass"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to grow"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "girs"}, "expansion": "Scots girs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "gäärs"}, "expansion": "North Frisian gäärs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Gäärs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "gers", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "West Frisian gers (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Low German Gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, turf, pasture"}, "expansion": "Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, weed"}, "expansion": "German Gras (“grass, weed”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "græs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Danish græs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "gräs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Swedish gräs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nb", "2": "gress", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Faroese", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Icelandic", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "herba", "3": "", "4": "plant, weed, grass"}, "expansion": "Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "grath", "3": "", "4": "grass blade, spike"}, "expansion": "Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).\nCognates\nCognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.\nThe \"informer\" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.", "forms": [{"form": "grasses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "grassing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "grass (third-person singular simple present grasses, present participle grassing, simple past and past participle grassed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:", "text": "The Chicken himself attributed this punishment to his having had the misfortune to get into Chancery early in the proceedings, when he was severely fibbed by the Larkey one, and heavily grassed.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 709:", "text": "He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grass him twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of him.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "links": [["lay out", "lay out"], ["knock down", "knock down"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "flatten"}, {"word": "floor"}, {"word": "lay low"}, {"word": "lay out"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knock out"}, {"word": "knock over"}, {"word": "strike down"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 2:", "text": "\"Grassed on me he did,\" I said morosely. (Note: Grass is English thief slang for inform.)^([sic])", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2004, David Nobbs, Sex and Other Changes, page 95:", "text": "\"I'm dressed as a woman, but I am still technically a man. I believe that to comply with the law of the land I ought to continue to use the Gents', but in order not to look out place I intend to use the Ladies' from now on. I trust none of you will grass on me...\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "links": [["informer", "informer"], ["betray", "betray"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive or intransitive, slang) To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "synonyms": [{"word": "rat out"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cover with grass or with turf."], "links": [["turf", "turf"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cover with grass or with turf."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To feed with grass."], "links": [["feed", "feed"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To feed with grass."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "links": [["flax", "flax"], ["bleach", "bleach"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1903, John Buchan, The African Colony:", "text": "Let him hook and land a tigerfish of 20 lb., at the imminent risk of capsizing and joining the company of the engaging crocodiles, or, when he has grassed the fish, of having a finger bitten off by his iron teeth […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Deeanne Gist, Love on the Line, page 138:", "text": "In typical Necker style, the farmer walked to the line and mounted his gun without any shilly-shally. If he grassed the bird, he and Faurote would go into a shootout. If he missed, Faurote would win.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "links": [["land", "land"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "gräs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹɑːs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɑːs]", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɐːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg/En-uk-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg"}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-grass.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɑːs"}, {"enpr": "grăs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹæs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠æs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠eəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg/En-us-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠as]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äs]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "note": "New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore"}, {"rhymes": "-æs"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "izdavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "издавам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "предавам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "vasikoida"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "moucharder"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "verpfeifen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "facer le delation"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "delatar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "dedurar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "alcaguetar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "nyasi"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zatrevjavam", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "затревявам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "nurmettaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "enherber"}], "word": "grass"}
2: grass/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Northern-England not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Central Kurdish links with redundant target parameters", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰreh₁-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", "Entries with translation boxes", "Limos Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi", "Requests for review of Iranian Persian translations", "Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations", "Requests for translations into Isan", "Rhymes:English/æs", "Rhymes:English/æs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs/1 syllable", "Terms with Abenaki translations", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Adyghe translations", "Terms with Afar translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Aghwan translations", "Terms with Aguaruna translations", "Terms with Ahtna translations", "Terms with Akhvakh translations", "Terms with Akkadian translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with Aleut translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Andi translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Aragonese translations", "Terms with Araki translations", "Terms with Archi translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Avar translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Bavarian translations", "Terms with Beaver translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Biao translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Bobongko translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Burun translations", "Terms with Cahuilla translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Carolinian translations", "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Carrier translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Catawba translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Central Melanau translations", "Terms with Chakma translations", "Terms with Chamicuro translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cheke Holo translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Chichewa translations", "Terms with Chipewyan translations", "Terms with Chukchi translations", "Terms with Chuukese translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Cimbrian translations", "Terms with Classical Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Classical Syriac translations", "Terms with Comanche translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Corsican translations", "Terms with Cree translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dargwa translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dongxiang translations", "Terms with Dungan translations", "Terms with Dupaningan Agta translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Arrernte translations", "Terms with Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Eastern Khanty translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Fala translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Fiji Hindi translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Gaam translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gamilaraay translations", "Terms with Ge'ez translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German Low German translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Guaraní translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Heiltsuk translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hiligaynon translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hittite translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hopi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Hunsrik translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Ilocano translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ineseño translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Istriot translations", "Terms with Istro-Romanian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Itelmen translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Jeju translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kabardian translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kapampangan translations", "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "Terms with Kari'na translations", "Terms with Karo Batak translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kaska translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Ket translations", "Terms with Khinalug translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Koasati translations", "Terms with Komi-Permyak translations", "Terms with Komi-Zyrian translations", "Terms with Konkani translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Koyraboro Senni translations", "Terms with Koyukon translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Kunza translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladino translations", "Terms with Lakota translations", "Terms with Lamba translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lepcha translations", "Terms with Lezgi translations", "Terms with Ligurian translations", "Terms with Limburgish translations", "Terms with Limos Kalinga translations", "Terms with Lindu translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Livonian translations", "Terms with Lokono translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luhya translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Lü translations", "Terms with Maasai translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Maguindanao translations", "Terms with Malagasy translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Mazanderani translations", "Terms with Megleno-Romanian translations", "Terms with Mi'kmaq translations", "Terms with Mingrelian translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Mon translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Montagnais translations", "Terms with Montana Salish translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Mòcheno translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Neapolitan translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Nganasan translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Mansi translations", "Terms with Northern Ndebele translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Northern Thai translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Nottoway-Meherrin translations", "Terms with Nǀuu translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old High German translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Old Javanese translations", "Terms with Old Tupi translations", "Terms with Omaha-Ponca translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Pa'o Karen translations", "Terms with Pali translations", "Terms with Pana (Central Africa) translations", "Terms with Papiamentu translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Pennsylvania German translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plains Miwok translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Pohnpeian translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quapaw translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romagnol translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Rwanda-Rundi translations", "Terms with Saho translations", "Terms with Saisiyat translations", "Terms with Sambali translations", "Terms with Samoan translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Saterland Frisian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Shan translations", "Terms with Shor translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Silesian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Sotho translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sranan Tongo translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Svan translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swazi translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Sylheti translations", "Terms with Tabasaran translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tai Dam translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Taos translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tigrinya translations", "Terms with Tiwi translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Toba Batak translations", "Terms with Tocharian A translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Tsonga translations", "Terms with Tsou translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Tundra Nenets translations", "Terms with Tupinambá translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Unami translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Wappo translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Wawa translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations", "Terms with West Flemish translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Mari translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Wolio translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yami translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Yurok translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "Terms with ǃXóõ translations", "en:Flax", "en:Grasses", "en:Marijuana"], "derived": [{"word": "grasser"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "inh": "1"}, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "gras"}, "expansion": "Middle English gras", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "græs"}, "expansion": "Old English græs", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*grasą", "4": "", "5": "grass"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to grow"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "girs"}, "expansion": "Scots girs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "gäärs"}, "expansion": "North Frisian gäärs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Gäärs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "gers", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "West Frisian gers (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Low German Gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, turf, pasture"}, "expansion": "Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, weed"}, "expansion": "German Gras (“grass, weed”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "græs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Danish græs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "gräs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Swedish gräs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nb", "2": "gress", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Faroese", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Icelandic", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "herba", "3": "", "4": "plant, weed, grass"}, "expansion": "Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "grath", "3": "", "4": "grass blade, spike"}, "expansion": "Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).\nCognates\nCognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.\nThe \"informer\" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.", "forms": [{"form": "grasses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "grassing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "grass (third-person singular simple present grasses, present participle grassing, simple past and past participle grassed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:", "text": "The Chicken himself attributed this punishment to his having had the misfortune to get into Chancery early in the proceedings, when he was severely fibbed by the Larkey one, and heavily grassed.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 709:", "text": "He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grass him twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of him.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "links": [["lay out", "lay out"], ["knock down", "knock down"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "flatten"}, {"word": "floor"}, {"word": "lay low"}, {"word": "lay out"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knock out"}, {"word": "knock over"}, {"word": "strike down"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 2:", "text": "\"Grassed on me he did,\" I said morosely. (Note: Grass is English thief slang for inform.)^([sic])", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2004, David Nobbs, Sex and Other Changes, page 95:", "text": "\"I'm dressed as a woman, but I am still technically a man. I believe that to comply with the law of the land I ought to continue to use the Gents', but in order not to look out place I intend to use the Ladies' from now on. I trust none of you will grass on me...\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "links": [["informer", "informer"], ["betray", "betray"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive or intransitive, slang) To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "synonyms": [{"word": "rat out"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cover with grass or with turf."], "links": [["turf", "turf"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cover with grass or with turf."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To feed with grass."], "links": [["feed", "feed"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To feed with grass."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "links": [["flax", "flax"], ["bleach", "bleach"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1903, John Buchan, The African Colony:", "text": "Let him hook and land a tigerfish of 20 lb., at the imminent risk of capsizing and joining the company of the engaging crocodiles, or, when he has grassed the fish, of having a finger bitten off by his iron teeth […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Deeanne Gist, Love on the Line, page 138:", "text": "In typical Necker style, the farmer walked to the line and mounted his gun without any shilly-shally. If he grassed the bird, he and Faurote would go into a shootout. If he missed, Faurote would win.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "links": [["land", "land"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "gräs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹɑːs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɑːs]", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɐːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg/En-uk-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg"}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-grass.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɑːs"}, {"enpr": "grăs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹæs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠æs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠eəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg/En-us-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠as]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äs]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "note": "New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore"}, {"rhymes": "-æs"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "izdavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "издавам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "предавам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "vasikoida"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "moucharder"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "verpfeifen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "facer le delation"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "delatar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "dedurar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "alcaguetar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "nyasi"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zatrevjavam", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "затревявам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "nurmettaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "enherber"}], "word": "grass"}
1: grass/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Central Kurdish links with redundant target parameters", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰreh₁-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", "Entries with translation boxes", "Limos Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi", "Requests for review of Iranian Persian translations", "Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations", "Requests for translations into Isan", "Rhymes:English/æs", "Rhymes:English/æs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs/1 syllable", "Terms with Abenaki translations", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Adyghe translations", "Terms with Afar translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Aghwan translations", "Terms with Aguaruna translations", "Terms with Ahtna translations", "Terms with Akhvakh translations", "Terms with Akkadian translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with Aleut translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Andi translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Aragonese translations", "Terms with Araki translations", "Terms with Archi translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Avar translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Bavarian translations", "Terms with Beaver translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Biao translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Bobongko translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Burun translations", "Terms with Cahuilla translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Carolinian translations", "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Carrier translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Catawba translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Central Melanau translations", "Terms with Chakma translations", "Terms with Chamicuro translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cheke Holo translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Chichewa translations", "Terms with Chipewyan translations", "Terms with Chukchi translations", "Terms with Chuukese translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Cimbrian translations", "Terms with Classical Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Classical Syriac translations", "Terms with Comanche translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Corsican translations", "Terms with Cree translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dargwa translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dongxiang translations", "Terms with Dungan translations", "Terms with Dupaningan Agta translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Arrernte translations", "Terms with Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Eastern Khanty translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Fala translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Fiji Hindi translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Gaam translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gamilaraay translations", "Terms with Ge'ez translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German Low German translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Guaraní translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Heiltsuk translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hiligaynon translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hittite translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hopi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Hunsrik translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Ilocano translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ineseño translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Istriot translations", "Terms with Istro-Romanian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Itelmen translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Jeju translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kabardian translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kapampangan translations", "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "Terms with Kari'na translations", "Terms with Karo Batak translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kaska translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Ket translations", "Terms with Khinalug translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Koasati translations", "Terms with Komi-Permyak translations", "Terms with Komi-Zyrian translations", "Terms with Konkani translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Koyraboro Senni translations", "Terms with Koyukon translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Kunza translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladino translations", "Terms with Lakota translations", "Terms with Lamba translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lepcha translations", "Terms with Lezgi translations", "Terms with Ligurian translations", "Terms with Limburgish translations", "Terms with Limos Kalinga translations", "Terms with Lindu translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Livonian translations", "Terms with Lokono translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luhya translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Lü translations", "Terms with Maasai translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Maguindanao translations", "Terms with Malagasy translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Mazanderani translations", "Terms with Megleno-Romanian translations", "Terms with Mi'kmaq translations", "Terms with Mingrelian translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Mon translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Montagnais translations", "Terms with Montana Salish translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Mòcheno translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Neapolitan translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Nganasan translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Mansi translations", "Terms with Northern Ndebele translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Northern Thai translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Nottoway-Meherrin translations", "Terms with Nǀuu translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old High German translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Old Javanese translations", "Terms with Old Tupi translations", "Terms with Omaha-Ponca translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Pa'o Karen translations", "Terms with Pali translations", "Terms with Pana (Central Africa) translations", "Terms with Papiamentu translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Pennsylvania German translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plains Miwok translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Pohnpeian translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quapaw translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romagnol translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Rwanda-Rundi translations", "Terms with Saho translations", "Terms with Saisiyat translations", "Terms with Sambali translations", "Terms with Samoan translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Saterland Frisian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Shan translations", "Terms with Shor translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Silesian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Sotho translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sranan Tongo translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Svan translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swazi translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Sylheti translations", "Terms with Tabasaran translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tai Dam translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Taos translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tigrinya translations", "Terms with Tiwi translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Toba Batak translations", "Terms with Tocharian A translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Tsonga translations", "Terms with Tsou translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Tundra Nenets translations", "Terms with Tupinambá translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Unami translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Wappo translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Wawa translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations", "Terms with West Flemish translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Mari translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Wolio translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yami translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Yurok translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "Terms with ǃXóõ translations", "en:Flax", "en:Grasses", "en:Marijuana"], "derived": [{"word": "grasser"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "inh": "1"}, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "gras"}, "expansion": "Middle English gras", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "græs"}, "expansion": "Old English græs", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*grasą", "4": "", "5": "grass"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to grow"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "girs"}, "expansion": "Scots girs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "gäärs"}, "expansion": "North Frisian gäärs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Gäärs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "gers", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "West Frisian gers (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Low German Gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, turf, pasture"}, "expansion": "Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, weed"}, "expansion": "German Gras (“grass, weed”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "græs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Danish græs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "gräs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Swedish gräs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nb", "2": "gress", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Faroese", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Icelandic", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "herba", "3": "", "4": "plant, weed, grass"}, "expansion": "Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "grath", "3": "", "4": "grass blade, spike"}, "expansion": "Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).\nCognates\nCognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.\nThe \"informer\" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.", "forms": [{"form": "grasses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "grassing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "grass (third-person singular simple present grasses, present participle grassing, simple past and past participle grassed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:", "text": "The Chicken himself attributed this punishment to his having had the misfortune to get into Chancery early in the proceedings, when he was severely fibbed by the Larkey one, and heavily grassed.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 709:", "text": "He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grass him twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of him.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "links": [["lay out", "lay out"], ["knock down", "knock down"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "flatten"}, {"word": "floor"}, {"word": "lay low"}, {"word": "lay out"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knock out"}, {"word": "knock over"}, {"word": "strike down"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 2:", "text": "\"Grassed on me he did,\" I said morosely. (Note: Grass is English thief slang for inform.)^([sic])", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2004, David Nobbs, Sex and Other Changes, page 95:", "text": "\"I'm dressed as a woman, but I am still technically a man. I believe that to comply with the law of the land I ought to continue to use the Gents', but in order not to look out place I intend to use the Ladies' from now on. I trust none of you will grass on me...\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "links": [["informer", "informer"], ["betray", "betray"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive or intransitive, slang) To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "synonyms": [{"word": "rat out"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cover with grass or with turf."], "links": [["turf", "turf"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cover with grass or with turf."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To feed with grass."], "links": [["feed", "feed"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To feed with grass."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "links": [["flax", "flax"], ["bleach", "bleach"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1903, John Buchan, The African Colony:", "text": "Let him hook and land a tigerfish of 20 lb., at the imminent risk of capsizing and joining the company of the engaging crocodiles, or, when he has grassed the fish, of having a finger bitten off by his iron teeth […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Deeanne Gist, Love on the Line, page 138:", "text": "In typical Necker style, the farmer walked to the line and mounted his gun without any shilly-shally. If he grassed the bird, he and Faurote would go into a shootout. If he missed, Faurote would win.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "links": [["land", "land"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "gräs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹɑːs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɑːs]", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɐːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg/En-uk-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg"}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-grass.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɑːs"}, {"enpr": "grăs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹæs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠æs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠eəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg/En-us-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠as]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äs]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "note": "New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore"}, {"rhymes": "-æs"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "izdavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "издавам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "предавам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "vasikoida"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "moucharder"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "verpfeifen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "facer le delation"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "delatar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "dedurar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "alcaguetar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "nyasi"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zatrevjavam", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "затревявам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "nurmettaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "enherber"}], "word": "grass"}

grass/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-Australian not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Central Kurdish links with redundant target parameters", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root gʰreh₁-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", "Entries with translation boxes", "Limos Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi", "Requests for review of Iranian Persian translations", "Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations", "Requests for translations into Isan", "Rhymes:English/æs", "Rhymes:English/æs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs/1 syllable", "Terms with Abenaki translations", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Adyghe translations", "Terms with Afar translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Aghwan translations", "Terms with Aguaruna translations", "Terms with Ahtna translations", "Terms with Akhvakh translations", "Terms with Akkadian translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with Aleut translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Andi translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Aragonese translations", "Terms with Araki translations", "Terms with Archi translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Avar translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Bavarian translations", "Terms with Beaver translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Biao translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Bobongko translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Burun translations", "Terms with Cahuilla translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Carolinian translations", "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Carrier translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Catawba translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Central Melanau translations", "Terms with Chakma translations", "Terms with Chamicuro translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cheke Holo translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Chichewa translations", "Terms with Chipewyan translations", "Terms with Chukchi translations", "Terms with Chuukese translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Cimbrian translations", "Terms with Classical Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Classical Syriac translations", "Terms with Comanche translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Corsican translations", "Terms with Cree translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dargwa translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dongxiang translations", "Terms with Dungan translations", "Terms with Dupaningan Agta translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Arrernte translations", "Terms with Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Eastern Khanty translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Fala translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Fiji Hindi translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Gaam translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gamilaraay translations", "Terms with Ge'ez translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German Low German translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Guaraní translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Heiltsuk translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hiligaynon translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hittite translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hopi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Hunsrik translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Ilocano translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ineseño translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Istriot translations", "Terms with Istro-Romanian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Itelmen translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Jeju translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kabardian translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kapampangan translations", "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "Terms with Kari'na translations", "Terms with Karo Batak translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kaska translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Ket translations", "Terms with Khinalug translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Koasati translations", "Terms with Komi-Permyak translations", "Terms with Komi-Zyrian translations", "Terms with Konkani translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Koyraboro Senni 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"Terms with Maguindanao translations", "Terms with Malagasy translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Mazanderani translations", "Terms with Megleno-Romanian translations", "Terms with Mi'kmaq translations", "Terms with Mingrelian translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Mon translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Montagnais translations", "Terms with Montana Salish translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Mòcheno translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Neapolitan translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Nganasan translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Mansi translations", "Terms with Northern Ndebele translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Northern Thai translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Nottoway-Meherrin translations", "Terms with Nǀuu translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old High German translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Old Javanese translations", "Terms with Old Tupi translations", "Terms with Omaha-Ponca translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Pa'o Karen translations", "Terms with Pali translations", "Terms with Pana (Central Africa) translations", "Terms with Papiamentu translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Pennsylvania German translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plains Miwok translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Pohnpeian translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quapaw translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romagnol translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Rwanda-Rundi translations", "Terms with Saho translations", "Terms with Saisiyat translations", "Terms with Sambali translations", "Terms with Samoan translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Saterland Frisian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Shan translations", "Terms with Shor translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Silesian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Sotho translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sranan Tongo translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Svan translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swazi translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Sylheti translations", "Terms with Tabasaran translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tai Dam translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Taos translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tigrinya translations", "Terms with Tiwi translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Toba Batak translations", "Terms with Tocharian A translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Tsonga translations", "Terms with Tsou translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Tundra Nenets translations", "Terms with Tupinambá translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Unami translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Wappo translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Wawa translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations", "Terms with West Flemish translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Mari translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Wolio translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yami translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Yurok translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "Terms with ǃXóõ translations", "en:Flax", "en:Grasses", "en:Marijuana"], "derived": [{"word": "grasser"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "gʰreh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "inh": "1"}, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "gras"}, "expansion": "Middle English gras", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "græs"}, "expansion": "Old English græs", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "grasą", "4": "", "5": "grass"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic grasą (“grass”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "gʰreh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to grow"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European gʰreh₁- (“to grow”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "girs"}, "expansion": "Scots girs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "gäärs"}, "expansion": "North Frisian gäärs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Gäärs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "gers", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "West Frisian gers (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Low German Gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, turf, pasture"}, "expansion": "Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, weed"}, "expansion": "German Gras (“grass, weed”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "græs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Danish græs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "gräs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Swedish gräs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nb", "2": "gress", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Faroese", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Icelandic", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "herba", "3": "", "4": "plant, weed, grass"}, "expansion": "Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "grath", "3": "", "4": "grass blade, spike"}, "expansion": "Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).\nCognates\nCognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.\nThe \"informer\" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.", "forms": [{"form": "grasses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "grassing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "grass (third-person singular simple present grasses, present participle grassing, simple past and past participle grassed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:", "text": "The Chicken himself attributed this punishment to his having had the misfortune to get into Chancery early in the proceedings, when he was severely fibbed by the Larkey one, and heavily grassed.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 709:", "text": "He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grass him twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of him.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "links": [["lay out", "lay out"], ["knock down", "knock down"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "flatten"}, {"word": "floor"}, {"word": "lay low"}, {"word": "lay out"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knock out"}, {"word": "knock over"}, {"word": "strike down"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 2:", "text": "\"Grassed on me he did,\" I said morosely. (Note: Grass is English thief slang for inform.)^([sic])", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2004, David Nobbs, Sex and Other Changes, page 95:", "text": "\"I'm dressed as a woman, but I am still technically a man. I believe that to comply with the law of the land I ought to continue to use the Gents', but in order not to look out place I intend to use the Ladies' from now on. I trust none of you will grass on me...\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "links": [["informer", "informer"], ["betray", "betray"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive or intransitive, slang) To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "synonyms": [{"word": "rat out"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cover with grass or with turf."], "links": [["turf", "turf"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cover with grass or with turf."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To feed with grass."], "links": [["feed", "feed"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To feed with grass."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "links": [["flax", "flax"], ["bleach", "bleach"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1903, John Buchan, The African Colony:", "text": "Let him hook and land a tigerfish of 20 lb., at the imminent risk of capsizing and joining the company of the engaging crocodiles, or, when he has grassed the fish, of having a finger bitten off by his iron teeth […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Deeanne Gist, Love on the Line, page 138:", "text": "In typical Necker style, the farmer walked to the line and mounted his gun without any shilly-shally. If he grassed the bird, he and Faurote would go into a shootout. If he missed, Faurote would win.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "links": [["land", "land"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "gräs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹɑːs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɑːs]", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɐːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg/En-uk-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg"}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-grass.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɑːs"}, {"enpr": "grăs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹæs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠æs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠eəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg/En-us-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠as]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äs]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "note": "New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore"}, {"rhymes": "-æs"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "izdavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "издавам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "предавам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "vasikoida"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "moucharder"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "verpfeifen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "facer le delation"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "delatar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "dedurar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "alcaguetar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "nyasi"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zatrevjavam", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "затревявам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "nurmettaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "enherber"}], "word": "grass"}

grass (English verb) grass/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-Australian not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Central Kurdish links with redundant target parameters", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰreh₁-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", "Entries with translation boxes", "Limos Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi", "Requests for review of Iranian Persian translations", "Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations", "Requests for translations into Isan", "Rhymes:English/æs", "Rhymes:English/æs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs/1 syllable", "Terms with Abenaki translations", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Adyghe translations", "Terms with Afar translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Aghwan translations", "Terms with Aguaruna translations", "Terms with Ahtna translations", "Terms with Akhvakh translations", "Terms with Akkadian translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with Aleut translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek 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with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Istriot translations", "Terms with Istro-Romanian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Itelmen translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Jeju translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kabardian translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kapampangan translations", "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "Terms with Kari'na translations", "Terms with Karo Batak translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kaska translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Ket translations", "Terms with Khinalug translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Koasati translations", "Terms with Komi-Permyak translations", "Terms with Komi-Zyrian translations", "Terms with Konkani translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Koyraboro Senni translations", "Terms with Koyukon translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Kunza translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladino translations", "Terms with Lakota translations", "Terms with Lamba translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lepcha translations", "Terms with Lezgi translations", "Terms with Ligurian translations", "Terms with Limburgish translations", "Terms with Limos Kalinga translations", "Terms with Lindu translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Livonian translations", "Terms with Lokono translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luhya translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Lü translations", "Terms with Maasai 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with Pali translations", "Terms with Pana (Central Africa) translations", "Terms with Papiamentu translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Pennsylvania German translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plains Miwok translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Pohnpeian translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quapaw translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romagnol translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Rwanda-Rundi translations", "Terms with Saho translations", "Terms with Saisiyat translations", "Terms with Sambali translations", "Terms with Samoan translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Saterland Frisian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Shan translations", "Terms with Shor translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Silesian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Sotho translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sranan Tongo translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Svan translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swazi translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Sylheti translations", "Terms with Tabasaran translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tai Dam translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Taos translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tigrinya translations", "Terms with Tiwi translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Toba Batak translations", "Terms with Tocharian A translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Tsonga translations", "Terms with Tsou translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Tundra Nenets translations", "Terms with Tupinambá translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Unami translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Wappo translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Wawa translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations", "Terms with West Flemish translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Mari translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Wolio translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yami translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Yurok translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "Terms with ǃXóõ translations", "en:Flax", "en:Grasses", "en:Marijuana"], "derived": [{"word": "grasser"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "inh": "1"}, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "gras"}, "expansion": "Middle English gras", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "græs"}, "expansion": "Old English græs", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*grasą", "4": "", "5": "grass"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to grow"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "girs"}, "expansion": "Scots girs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "gäärs"}, "expansion": "North Frisian gäärs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Gäärs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "gers", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "West Frisian gers (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Low German Gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, turf, pasture"}, "expansion": "Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, weed"}, "expansion": "German Gras (“grass, weed”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "græs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Danish græs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "gräs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Swedish gräs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nb", "2": "gress", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Faroese", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Icelandic", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "herba", "3": "", "4": "plant, weed, grass"}, "expansion": "Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "grath", "3": "", "4": "grass blade, spike"}, "expansion": "Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).\nCognates\nCognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.\nThe \"informer\" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.", "forms": [{"form": "grasses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "grassing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "grass (third-person singular simple present grasses, present participle grassing, simple past and past participle grassed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:", "text": "The Chicken himself attributed this punishment to his having had the misfortune to get into Chancery early in the proceedings, when he was severely fibbed by the Larkey one, and heavily grassed.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 709:", "text": "He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grass him twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of him.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "links": [["lay out", "lay out"], ["knock down", "knock down"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "flatten"}, {"word": "floor"}, {"word": "lay low"}, {"word": "lay out"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knock out"}, {"word": "knock over"}, {"word": "strike down"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 2:", "text": "\"Grassed on me he did,\" I said morosely. (Note: Grass is English thief slang for inform.)^([sic])", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2004, David Nobbs, Sex and Other Changes, page 95:", "text": "\"I'm dressed as a woman, but I am still technically a man. I believe that to comply with the law of the land I ought to continue to use the Gents', but in order not to look out place I intend to use the Ladies' from now on. I trust none of you will grass on me...\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "links": [["informer", "informer"], ["betray", "betray"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive or intransitive, slang) To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "synonyms": [{"word": "rat out"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cover with grass or with turf."], "links": [["turf", "turf"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cover with grass or with turf."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To feed with grass."], "links": [["feed", "feed"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To feed with grass."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "links": [["flax", "flax"], ["bleach", "bleach"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1903, John Buchan, The African Colony:", "text": "Let him hook and land a tigerfish of 20 lb., at the imminent risk of capsizing and joining the company of the engaging crocodiles, or, when he has grassed the fish, of having a finger bitten off by his iron teeth […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Deeanne Gist, Love on the Line, page 138:", "text": "In typical Necker style, the farmer walked to the line and mounted his gun without any shilly-shally. If he grassed the bird, he and Faurote would go into a shootout. If he missed, Faurote would win.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "links": [["land", "land"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "gräs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹɑːs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɑːs]", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɐːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg/En-uk-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg"}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-grass.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɑːs"}, {"enpr": "grăs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹæs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠æs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠eəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg/En-us-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠as]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äs]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "note": "New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore"}, {"rhymes": "-æs"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "izdavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "издавам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "предавам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "vasikoida"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "moucharder"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "verpfeifen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "facer le delation"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "delatar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "dedurar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "alcaguetar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "nyasi"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zatrevjavam", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "затревявам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "nurmettaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "enherber"}], "word": "grass"}

grass/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag New-Zealand not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Central Kurdish links with redundant target parameters", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root gʰreh₁-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", "Entries with translation boxes", "Limos Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi", "Requests for review of Iranian Persian translations", "Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations", "Requests for translations into Isan", "Rhymes:English/æs", "Rhymes:English/æs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs/1 syllable", "Terms with Abenaki translations", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Adyghe translations", "Terms with Afar translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Aghwan translations", "Terms with Aguaruna translations", "Terms with Ahtna translations", "Terms with Akhvakh translations", "Terms with Akkadian translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with Aleut translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Andi 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"Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Istriot translations", "Terms with Istro-Romanian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Itelmen translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Jeju translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kabardian translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kapampangan translations", "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "Terms with Kari'na translations", "Terms with Karo Batak translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kaska translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Ket translations", "Terms with Khinalug translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Koasati translations", "Terms with Komi-Permyak translations", "Terms with Komi-Zyrian translations", "Terms with Konkani translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Koyraboro Senni 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with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Wappo translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Wawa translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations", "Terms with West Flemish translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Mari translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Wolio translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yami translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Yurok translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "Terms with ǃXóõ translations", "en:Flax", "en:Grasses", "en:Marijuana"], "derived": [{"word": "grasser"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "gʰreh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "inh": "1"}, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "gras"}, "expansion": "Middle English gras", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "græs"}, "expansion": "Old English græs", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "grasą", "4": "", "5": "grass"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic grasą (“grass”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "gʰreh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to grow"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European gʰreh₁- (“to grow”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "girs"}, "expansion": "Scots girs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "gäärs"}, "expansion": "North Frisian gäärs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Gäärs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "gers", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "West Frisian gers (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Low German Gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, turf, pasture"}, "expansion": "Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, weed"}, "expansion": "German Gras (“grass, weed”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "græs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Danish græs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "gräs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Swedish gräs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nb", "2": "gress", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Faroese", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Icelandic", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "herba", "3": "", "4": "plant, weed, grass"}, "expansion": "Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "grath", "3": "", "4": "grass blade, spike"}, "expansion": "Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).\nCognates\nCognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.\nThe \"informer\" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.", "forms": [{"form": "grasses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "grassing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "grass (third-person singular simple present grasses, present participle grassing, simple past and past participle grassed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:", "text": "The Chicken himself attributed this punishment to his having had the misfortune to get into Chancery early in the proceedings, when he was severely fibbed by the Larkey one, and heavily grassed.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 709:", "text": "He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grass him twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of him.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "links": [["lay out", "lay out"], ["knock down", "knock down"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "flatten"}, {"word": "floor"}, {"word": "lay low"}, {"word": "lay out"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knock out"}, {"word": "knock over"}, {"word": "strike down"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 2:", "text": "\"Grassed on me he did,\" I said morosely. (Note: Grass is English thief slang for inform.)^([sic])", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2004, David Nobbs, Sex and Other Changes, page 95:", "text": "\"I'm dressed as a woman, but I am still technically a man. I believe that to comply with the law of the land I ought to continue to use the Gents', but in order not to look out place I intend to use the Ladies' from now on. I trust none of you will grass on me...\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "links": [["informer", "informer"], ["betray", "betray"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive or intransitive, slang) To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "synonyms": [{"word": "rat out"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cover with grass or with turf."], "links": [["turf", "turf"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cover with grass or with turf."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To feed with grass."], "links": [["feed", "feed"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To feed with grass."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "links": [["flax", "flax"], ["bleach", "bleach"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1903, John Buchan, The African Colony:", "text": "Let him hook and land a tigerfish of 20 lb., at the imminent risk of capsizing and joining the company of the engaging crocodiles, or, when he has grassed the fish, of having a finger bitten off by his iron teeth […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Deeanne Gist, Love on the Line, page 138:", "text": "In typical Necker style, the farmer walked to the line and mounted his gun without any shilly-shally. If he grassed the bird, he and Faurote would go into a shootout. If he missed, Faurote would win.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "links": [["land", "land"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "gräs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹɑːs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɑːs]", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɐːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg/En-uk-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg"}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-grass.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɑːs"}, {"enpr": "grăs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹæs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠æs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠eəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg/En-us-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠as]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äs]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "note": "New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore"}, {"rhymes": "-æs"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "izdavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "издавам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "предавам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "vasikoida"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "moucharder"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "verpfeifen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "facer le delation"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "delatar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "dedurar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "alcaguetar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "nyasi"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zatrevjavam", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "затревявам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "nurmettaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "enherber"}], "word": "grass"}

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translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Wappo translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Wawa translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations", "Terms with West Flemish translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Mari translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Wolio translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yami translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Yurok translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "Terms with ǃXóõ translations", "en:Flax", "en:Grasses", "en:Marijuana"], "derived": [{"word": "grasser"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "inh": "1"}, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "gras"}, "expansion": "Middle English gras", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "græs"}, "expansion": "Old English græs", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*grasą", "4": "", "5": "grass"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to grow"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "girs"}, "expansion": "Scots girs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "gäärs"}, "expansion": "North Frisian gäärs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Gäärs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "gers", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "West Frisian gers (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Low German Gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, turf, pasture"}, "expansion": "Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, weed"}, "expansion": "German Gras (“grass, weed”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "græs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Danish græs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "gräs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Swedish gräs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nb", "2": "gress", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Faroese", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Icelandic", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "herba", "3": "", "4": "plant, weed, grass"}, "expansion": "Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "grath", "3": "", "4": "grass blade, spike"}, "expansion": "Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).\nCognates\nCognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.\nThe \"informer\" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.", "forms": [{"form": "grasses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "grassing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "grass (third-person singular simple present grasses, present participle grassing, simple past and past participle grassed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:", "text": "The Chicken himself attributed this punishment to his having had the misfortune to get into Chancery early in the proceedings, when he was severely fibbed by the Larkey one, and heavily grassed.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 709:", "text": "He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grass him twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of him.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "links": [["lay out", "lay out"], ["knock down", "knock down"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "flatten"}, {"word": "floor"}, {"word": "lay low"}, {"word": "lay out"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knock out"}, {"word": "knock over"}, {"word": "strike down"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 2:", "text": "\"Grassed on me he did,\" I said morosely. (Note: Grass is English thief slang for inform.)^([sic])", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2004, David Nobbs, Sex and Other Changes, page 95:", "text": "\"I'm dressed as a woman, but I am still technically a man. I believe that to comply with the law of the land I ought to continue to use the Gents', but in order not to look out place I intend to use the Ladies' from now on. I trust none of you will grass on me...\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "links": [["informer", "informer"], ["betray", "betray"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive or intransitive, slang) To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "synonyms": [{"word": "rat out"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cover with grass or with turf."], "links": [["turf", "turf"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cover with grass or with turf."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To feed with grass."], "links": [["feed", "feed"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To feed with grass."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "links": [["flax", "flax"], ["bleach", "bleach"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1903, John Buchan, The African Colony:", "text": "Let him hook and land a tigerfish of 20 lb., at the imminent risk of capsizing and joining the company of the engaging crocodiles, or, when he has grassed the fish, of having a finger bitten off by his iron teeth […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Deeanne Gist, Love on the Line, page 138:", "text": "In typical Necker style, the farmer walked to the line and mounted his gun without any shilly-shally. If he grassed the bird, he and Faurote would go into a shootout. If he missed, Faurote would win.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "links": [["land", "land"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "gräs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹɑːs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɑːs]", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɐːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg/En-uk-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg"}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-grass.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɑːs"}, {"enpr": "grăs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹæs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠æs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠eəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg/En-us-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠as]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äs]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "note": "New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore"}, {"rhymes": "-æs"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "izdavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "издавам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "предавам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "vasikoida"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "moucharder"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "verpfeifen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "facer le delation"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "delatar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "dedurar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "alcaguetar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "nyasi"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zatrevjavam", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "затревявам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "nurmettaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "enherber"}], "word": "grass"}

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(species)", "Entries with translation boxes", "Limos Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi", "Requests for review of Iranian Persian translations", "Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations", "Requests for translations into Isan", "Rhymes:English/æs", "Rhymes:English/æs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs/1 syllable", "Terms with Abenaki translations", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Adyghe translations", "Terms with Afar translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Aghwan translations", "Terms with Aguaruna translations", "Terms with Ahtna translations", "Terms with Akhvakh translations", "Terms with Akkadian translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with Aleut translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Andi 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with Danish translations", "Terms with Dargwa translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dongxiang translations", "Terms with Dungan translations", "Terms with Dupaningan Agta translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Arrernte translations", "Terms with Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Eastern Khanty translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Fala translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Fiji Hindi translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Gaam translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gamilaraay translations", "Terms 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"Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Istriot translations", "Terms with Istro-Romanian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Itelmen translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Jeju translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kabardian translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kapampangan translations", "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "Terms with Kari'na translations", "Terms with Karo Batak translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kaska translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Ket translations", "Terms with Khinalug translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Koasati translations", "Terms with Komi-Permyak translations", "Terms with Komi-Zyrian translations", "Terms with Konkani translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Koyraboro Senni 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translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Shan translations", "Terms with Shor translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Silesian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Sotho translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sranan Tongo translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Svan translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swazi translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Sylheti translations", "Terms with Tabasaran translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tai Dam translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Taos translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tigrinya translations", "Terms with Tiwi translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Toba Batak translations", "Terms with Tocharian A translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Tsonga translations", "Terms with Tsou translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Tundra Nenets translations", "Terms with Tupinambá translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Unami translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Wappo translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Wawa translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations", "Terms with West Flemish translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Mari translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Wolio translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yami translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Yurok translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "Terms with ǃXóõ translations", "en:Flax", "en:Grasses", "en:Marijuana"], "derived": [{"word": "grasser"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "gʰreh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "inh": "1"}, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "gras"}, "expansion": "Middle English gras", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "græs"}, "expansion": "Old English græs", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "grasą", "4": "", "5": "grass"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic grasą (“grass”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "gʰreh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to grow"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European gʰreh₁- (“to grow”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "girs"}, "expansion": "Scots girs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "gäärs"}, "expansion": "North Frisian gäärs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Gäärs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "gers", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "West Frisian gers (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Low German Gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, turf, pasture"}, "expansion": "Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, weed"}, "expansion": "German Gras (“grass, weed”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "græs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Danish græs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "gräs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Swedish gräs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nb", "2": "gress", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Faroese", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Icelandic", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "herba", "3": "", "4": "plant, weed, grass"}, "expansion": "Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "grath", "3": "", "4": "grass blade, spike"}, "expansion": "Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).\nCognates\nCognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.\nThe \"informer\" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.", "forms": [{"form": "grasses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "grassing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "grass (third-person singular simple present grasses, present participle grassing, simple past and past participle grassed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:", "text": "The Chicken himself attributed this punishment to his having had the misfortune to get into Chancery early in the proceedings, when he was severely fibbed by the Larkey one, and heavily grassed.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 709:", "text": "He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grass him twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of him.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "links": [["lay out", "lay out"], ["knock down", "knock down"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "flatten"}, {"word": "floor"}, {"word": "lay low"}, {"word": "lay out"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knock out"}, {"word": "knock over"}, {"word": "strike down"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 2:", "text": "\"Grassed on me he did,\" I said morosely. (Note: Grass is English thief slang for inform.)^([sic])", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2004, David Nobbs, Sex and Other Changes, page 95:", "text": "\"I'm dressed as a woman, but I am still technically a man. I believe that to comply with the law of the land I ought to continue to use the Gents', but in order not to look out place I intend to use the Ladies' from now on. I trust none of you will grass on me...\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "links": [["informer", "informer"], ["betray", "betray"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive or intransitive, slang) To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "synonyms": [{"word": "rat out"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cover with grass or with turf."], "links": [["turf", "turf"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cover with grass or with turf."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To feed with grass."], "links": [["feed", "feed"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To feed with grass."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "links": [["flax", "flax"], ["bleach", "bleach"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1903, John Buchan, The African Colony:", "text": "Let him hook and land a tigerfish of 20 lb., at the imminent risk of capsizing and joining the company of the engaging crocodiles, or, when he has grassed the fish, of having a finger bitten off by his iron teeth […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Deeanne Gist, Love on the Line, page 138:", "text": "In typical Necker style, the farmer walked to the line and mounted his gun without any shilly-shally. If he grassed the bird, he and Faurote would go into a shootout. If he missed, Faurote would win.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "links": [["land", "land"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "gräs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹɑːs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɑːs]", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɐːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg/En-uk-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg"}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-grass.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɑːs"}, {"enpr": "grăs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹæs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠æs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠eəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg/En-us-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠as]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äs]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "note": "New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore"}, {"rhymes": "-æs"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "izdavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "издавам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "предавам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "vasikoida"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "moucharder"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "verpfeifen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "facer le delation"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "delatar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "dedurar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "alcaguetar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "nyasi"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zatrevjavam", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "затревявам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "nurmettaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "enherber"}], "word": "grass"}

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translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Wappo translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Wawa translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations", "Terms with West Flemish translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Mari translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Wolio translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yami translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Yurok translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "Terms with ǃXóõ translations", "en:Flax", "en:Grasses", "en:Marijuana"], "derived": [{"word": "grasser"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "inh": "1"}, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "gras"}, "expansion": "Middle English gras", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "græs"}, "expansion": "Old English græs", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*grasą", "4": "", "5": "grass"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to grow"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "girs"}, "expansion": "Scots girs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "gäärs"}, "expansion": "North Frisian gäärs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Gäärs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "gers", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "West Frisian gers (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Low German Gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, turf, pasture"}, "expansion": "Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, weed"}, "expansion": "German Gras (“grass, weed”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "græs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Danish græs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "gräs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Swedish gräs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nb", "2": "gress", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Faroese", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Icelandic", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "herba", "3": "", "4": "plant, weed, grass"}, "expansion": "Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "grath", "3": "", "4": "grass blade, spike"}, "expansion": "Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).\nCognates\nCognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.\nThe \"informer\" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.", "forms": [{"form": "grasses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "grassing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "grass (third-person singular simple present grasses, present participle grassing, simple past and past participle grassed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:", "text": "The Chicken himself attributed this punishment to his having had the misfortune to get into Chancery early in the proceedings, when he was severely fibbed by the Larkey one, and heavily grassed.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 709:", "text": "He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grass him twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of him.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "links": [["lay out", "lay out"], ["knock down", "knock down"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "flatten"}, {"word": "floor"}, {"word": "lay low"}, {"word": "lay out"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knock out"}, {"word": "knock over"}, {"word": "strike down"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 2:", "text": "\"Grassed on me he did,\" I said morosely. (Note: Grass is English thief slang for inform.)^([sic])", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2004, David Nobbs, Sex and Other Changes, page 95:", "text": "\"I'm dressed as a woman, but I am still technically a man. I believe that to comply with the law of the land I ought to continue to use the Gents', but in order not to look out place I intend to use the Ladies' from now on. I trust none of you will grass on me...\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "links": [["informer", "informer"], ["betray", "betray"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive or intransitive, slang) To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "synonyms": [{"word": "rat out"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cover with grass or with turf."], "links": [["turf", "turf"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cover with grass or with turf."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To feed with grass."], "links": [["feed", "feed"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To feed with grass."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "links": [["flax", "flax"], ["bleach", "bleach"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1903, John Buchan, The African Colony:", "text": "Let him hook and land a tigerfish of 20 lb., at the imminent risk of capsizing and joining the company of the engaging crocodiles, or, when he has grassed the fish, of having a finger bitten off by his iron teeth […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Deeanne Gist, Love on the Line, page 138:", "text": "In typical Necker style, the farmer walked to the line and mounted his gun without any shilly-shally. If he grassed the bird, he and Faurote would go into a shootout. If he missed, Faurote would win.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "links": [["land", "land"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "gräs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹɑːs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɑːs]", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɐːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg/En-uk-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg"}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-grass.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɑːs"}, {"enpr": "grăs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹæs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠æs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠eəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg/En-us-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠as]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äs]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "note": "New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore"}, {"rhymes": "-æs"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "izdavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "издавам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "предавам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "vasikoida"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "moucharder"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "verpfeifen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "facer le delation"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "delatar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "dedurar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "alcaguetar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "nyasi"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zatrevjavam", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "затревявам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "nurmettaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "enherber"}], "word": "grass"}

grass/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Central Kurdish links with redundant target parameters", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root gʰreh₁-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", "Entries with translation boxes", "Limos Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi", "Requests for review of Iranian Persian translations", "Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations", "Requests for translations into Isan", "Rhymes:English/æs", "Rhymes:English/æs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs", "Rhymes:English/ɑːs/1 syllable", "Terms with Abenaki translations", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Adyghe translations", "Terms with Afar translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Aghwan translations", "Terms with Aguaruna translations", "Terms with Ahtna translations", "Terms with Akhvakh translations", "Terms with Akkadian translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with Aleut translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Andi translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Aragonese translations", "Terms with Araki translations", "Terms with Archi translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Avar translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Bavarian translations", "Terms with Beaver translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Biao translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Bobongko translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Burun translations", "Terms with Cahuilla translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Carolinian translations", "Terms with Carpathian 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with Danish translations", "Terms with Dargwa translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dongxiang translations", "Terms with Dungan translations", "Terms with Dupaningan Agta translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Arrernte translations", "Terms with Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Eastern Khanty translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Fala translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Fiji Hindi translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Gaam translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gamilaraay translations", "Terms with Ge'ez translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German Low German translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Guaraní translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Heiltsuk translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hiligaynon translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hittite translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hopi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Hunsrik translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Ilocano translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ineseño translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Istriot translations", "Terms with Istro-Romanian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Itelmen translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Jeju translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kabardian translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kapampangan translations", "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "Terms with Kari'na translations", "Terms with Karo Batak translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kaska translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Ket translations", "Terms with Khinalug translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Koasati translations", "Terms with Komi-Permyak translations", "Terms with Komi-Zyrian translations", "Terms with Konkani translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Koyraboro Senni translations", "Terms with Koyukon translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Kunza translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladino translations", "Terms with Lakota translations", "Terms with Lamba translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lepcha translations", "Terms with Lezgi translations", "Terms with Ligurian translations", "Terms with Limburgish translations", "Terms with Limos Kalinga translations", "Terms with Lindu translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Livonian translations", "Terms with Lokono translations", "Terms with Lombard translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luhya translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Lü translations", "Terms with Maasai translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", 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Nganasan translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Mansi translations", "Terms with Northern Ndebele translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Northern Thai translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Nottoway-Meherrin translations", "Terms with Nǀuu translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old High German translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Old Javanese translations", "Terms with Old Tupi translations", "Terms with Omaha-Ponca translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Pa'o Karen translations", "Terms with Pali translations", "Terms with Pana (Central Africa) translations", "Terms with Papiamentu translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Pennsylvania German translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Plains Miwok translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Pohnpeian translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quapaw translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romagnol translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Rwanda-Rundi translations", "Terms with Saho translations", "Terms with Saisiyat translations", "Terms with Sambali translations", "Terms with Samoan translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Saterland Frisian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Shan translations", "Terms with Shor translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Silesian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Sotho translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sranan Tongo translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Svan translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swazi translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Sylheti translations", "Terms with Tabasaran translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tai Dam translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Taos translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tigrinya translations", "Terms with Tiwi translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Toba Batak translations", "Terms with Tocharian A translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Tsonga translations", "Terms with Tsou translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Tundra Nenets translations", "Terms with Tupinambá translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Unami translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Wappo translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Wawa translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations", "Terms with West Flemish translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Mari translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Wolio translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yami translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Yurok translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "Terms with ǃXóõ translations", "en:Flax", "en:Grasses", "en:Marijuana"], "derived": [{"word": "grasser"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "gʰreh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "inh": "1"}, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "gras"}, "expansion": "Middle English gras", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "græs"}, "expansion": "Old English græs", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "grasą", "4": "", "5": "grass"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic grasą (“grass”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "gʰreh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to grow"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European gʰreh₁- (“to grow”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "girs"}, "expansion": "Scots girs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "gäärs"}, "expansion": "North Frisian gäärs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Gäärs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "gers", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "West Frisian gers (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Low German Gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, turf, pasture"}, "expansion": "Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, weed"}, "expansion": "German Gras (“grass, weed”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "græs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Danish græs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "gräs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Swedish gräs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nb", "2": "gress", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Faroese", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Icelandic", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "herba", "3": "", "4": "plant, weed, grass"}, "expansion": "Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "grath", "3": "", "4": "grass blade, spike"}, "expansion": "Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).\nCognates\nCognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.\nThe \"informer\" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.", "forms": [{"form": "grasses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "grassing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "grass (third-person singular simple present grasses, present participle grassing, simple past and past participle grassed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:", "text": "The Chicken himself attributed this punishment to his having had the misfortune to get into Chancery early in the proceedings, when he was severely fibbed by the Larkey one, and heavily grassed.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 709:", "text": "He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grass him twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of him.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "links": [["lay out", "lay out"], ["knock down", "knock down"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "flatten"}, {"word": "floor"}, {"word": "lay low"}, {"word": "lay out"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knock out"}, {"word": "knock over"}, {"word": "strike down"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 2:", "text": "\"Grassed on me he did,\" I said morosely. (Note: Grass is English thief slang for inform.)^([sic])", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2004, David Nobbs, Sex and Other Changes, page 95:", "text": "\"I'm dressed as a woman, but I am still technically a man. I believe that to comply with the law of the land I ought to continue to use the Gents', but in order not to look out place I intend to use the Ladies' from now on. I trust none of you will grass on me...\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "links": [["informer", "informer"], ["betray", "betray"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive or intransitive, slang) To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "synonyms": [{"word": "rat out"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cover with grass or with turf."], "links": [["turf", "turf"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cover with grass or with turf."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To feed with grass."], "links": [["feed", "feed"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To feed with grass."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "links": [["flax", "flax"], ["bleach", "bleach"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1903, John Buchan, The African Colony:", "text": "Let him hook and land a tigerfish of 20 lb., at the imminent risk of capsizing and joining the company of the engaging crocodiles, or, when he has grassed the fish, of having a finger bitten off by his iron teeth […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Deeanne Gist, Love on the Line, page 138:", "text": "In typical Necker style, the farmer walked to the line and mounted his gun without any shilly-shally. If he grassed the bird, he and Faurote would go into a shootout. If he missed, Faurote would win.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "links": [["land", "land"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "gräs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹɑːs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɑːs]", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɐːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg/En-uk-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg"}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-grass.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɑːs"}, {"enpr": "grăs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹæs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠æs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠eəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg/En-us-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠as]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äs]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "note": "New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore"}, {"rhymes": "-æs"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "izdavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "издавам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "предавам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "vasikoida"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "moucharder"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "verpfeifen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "facer le delation"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "delatar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "dedurar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "alcaguetar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "nyasi"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zatrevjavam", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "затревявам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "nurmettaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "enherber"}], "word": "grass"}

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translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Wappo translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Wawa translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations", "Terms with West Flemish translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Western Mari translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Wolio translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yami translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Yurok translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "Terms with ǃXóõ translations", "en:Flax", "en:Grasses", "en:Marijuana"], "derived": [{"word": "grasser"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "inh": "1"}, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "gras"}, "expansion": "Middle English gras", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "græs"}, "expansion": "Old English græs", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*grasą", "4": "", "5": "grass"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰreh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to grow"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "girs"}, "expansion": "Scots girs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "gäärs"}, "expansion": "North Frisian gäärs", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "Gäärs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "gers", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "West Frisian gers (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Low German Gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, turf, pasture"}, "expansion": "Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Gras", "3": "", "4": "grass, weed"}, "expansion": "German Gras (“grass, weed”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "græs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Danish græs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "gräs", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Swedish gräs (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nb", "2": "gress", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Faroese", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "-"}, "expansion": "Icelandic", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "gras", "3": "", "4": "grass"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "herba", "3": "", "4": "plant, weed, grass"}, "expansion": "Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sq", "2": "grath", "3": "", "4": "grass blade, spike"}, "expansion": "Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English gras, from Old English græs, from Proto-Germanic *grasą (“grass”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”).\nCognates\nCognate with Scots girs, gers, gress (“grass”), North Frisian gäärs, geers (“grass”), Saterland Frisian Gäärs (“grass”), West Frisian gers (“grass”), Low German Gras (“grass”), Dutch gras (“grass, turf, pasture”), German Gras (“grass, weed”), Danish græs (“grass”), Swedish gräs (“grass”), Norwegian Bokmål gress (“grass”), Faroese, Icelandic and Norwegian Nynorsk gras (“grass”), Latin herba (“plant, weed, grass”), Albanian grath (“grass blade, spike”). Related to grow, green.\nThe \"informer\" sense is probably a shortening of grasshopper (“police officer, informant”), rhyming slang for copper (“police officer”) or shopper (“informant”); the exact sequence of derivation is unclear.", "forms": [{"form": "grasses", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "grassing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "grassed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "grass (third-person singular simple present grasses, present participle grassing, simple past and past participle grassed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:", "text": "The Chicken himself attributed this punishment to his having had the misfortune to get into Chancery early in the proceedings, when he was severely fibbed by the Larkey one, and heavily grassed.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 709:", "text": "He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grass him twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of him.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "links": [["lay out", "lay out"], ["knock down", "knock down"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To lay out on the grass; to knock down (an opponent etc.)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "flatten"}, {"word": "floor"}, {"word": "lay low"}, {"word": "lay out"}, {"word": "knock down"}, {"word": "knock out"}, {"word": "knock over"}, {"word": "strike down"}], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 2:", "text": "\"Grassed on me he did,\" I said morosely. (Note: Grass is English thief slang for inform.)^([sic])", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2004, David Nobbs, Sex and Other Changes, page 95:", "text": "\"I'm dressed as a woman, but I am still technically a man. I believe that to comply with the law of the land I ought to continue to use the Gents', but in order not to look out place I intend to use the Ladies' from now on. I trust none of you will grass on me...\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "links": [["informer", "informer"], ["betray", "betray"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive or intransitive, slang) To act as a grass or informer, to betray; to report on (criminals etc) to the authorities."], "synonyms": [{"word": "rat out"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cover with grass or with turf."], "links": [["turf", "turf"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cover with grass or with turf."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To feed with grass."], "links": [["feed", "feed"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To feed with grass."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "links": [["flax", "flax"], ["bleach", "bleach"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To expose, as flax, on the grass for bleaching, etc."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1903, John Buchan, The African Colony:", "text": "Let him hook and land a tigerfish of 20 lb., at the imminent risk of capsizing and joining the company of the engaging crocodiles, or, when he has grassed the fish, of having a finger bitten off by his iron teeth […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Deeanne Gist, Love on the Line, page 138:", "text": "In typical Necker style, the farmer walked to the line and mounted his gun without any shilly-shally. If he grassed the bird, he and Faurote would go into a shootout. If he missed, Faurote would win.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "links": [["land", "land"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To bring to the grass or ground; to land."], "tags": ["transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "gräs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹɑːs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɑːs]", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɐːs]", "tags": ["General-Australian", "New-Zealand"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg/En-uk-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-uk-grass.ogg"}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-grass.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-grass.wav.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɑːs"}, {"enpr": "grăs"}, {"ipa": "/ɡɹæs/"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠æs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠eəs]", "tags": ["Canada", "US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-grass.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg/En-us-grass.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-grass.ogg"}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠as]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠äs]", "tags": ["Ireland", "Northern-England"]}, {"ipa": "[ɡɹ̠ɛəs]", "note": "New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore"}, {"rhymes": "-æs"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "izdavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "издавам"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predavam", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "предавам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "vasikoida"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "moucharder"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "verpfeifen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "facer le delation"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "delatar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "dedurar"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "alcaguetar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to inform on", "word": "nyasi"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zatrevjavam", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "затревявам"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "nurmettaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To cover with grass or with turf", "word": "enherber"}], "word": "grass"}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.