Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

near/English/prep

1: near/English/prep: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "note": "in der Nähe (+ genitive or von)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}: {"antonyms": [{"word": "far from"}], "categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ancient Greek translations", "Requests for review of Bikol Central translations", "Requests for review of French translations", "Requests for review of German translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Latin translations", "Requests for review of Portuguese translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Brunei Malay translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations", "Terms with Chamicuro translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Higaonon translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kumyk translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladino translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Lü translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Mansaka translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mirandese translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Thai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "en:Time"], "derived": [{"word": "near at hand"}, {"word": "near-death experience"}, {"word": "near-Earth object"}, {"word": "near the knuckle"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "nere"}, "expansion": "Middle English nere", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "nēar", "pos": "comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "nær", "t": "near"}, "expansion": "Old Norse nær (“near”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*nēhwiz", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *nēhwiz (“nearer”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂neḱ-", "4": "", "5": "to reach"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "ofs", "2": "niār", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Old Frisian niār (“nearer”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "naar", "t": "to, towards"}, "expansion": "Dutch naar (“to, towards”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "näher", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "German näher (“nearer”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Danish nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Norwegian nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "nära", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Swedish nära (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Danish nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Norwegian nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "nära", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Swedish nära (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "na", "t": "close, near"}, "expansion": "Dutch na (“close, near”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "nah", "t": "close, near, nearby"}, "expansion": "German nah (“close, near, nearby”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "lb", "2": "no", "t": "nearby, near, close"}, "expansion": "Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English nere, ner, from Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next), influenced by Old Norse nær (“near”), both originating from Proto-Germanic *nēhwiz (“nearer”), comparative of the adverb *nēhw (“near”), from the adjective *nēhwaz, ultimately from Pre-Proto-Germanic *h₂nḗḱwos, a lengthened-grade adjective derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).\nCognate with Old Frisian niār (“nearer”), Dutch naar (“to, towards”), German näher (“nearer”), Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”). See also nigh.\nNear appears to be derived from (or at the very least influenced by) the North Germanic languages; compare Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”), as opposed to nigh, which continues the inherited West Germanic adjective, like Dutch na (“close, near”), German nah (“close, near, nearby”), Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”). Both, however, are ultimately derived from the same Proto-Germanic root: *nēhw (“near, close”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "near", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "near", "name": "en-prep"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "There are habitable planets orbiting many of the stars near our Sun.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1957, Edgar Snow, Random Notes on Red China, Harvard University Press, published 1968, →OCLC, page 103:", "text": "Ts'ai Ch'ien 蔡乾 was born in 1908 in Changhua near Taichung, Taiwan (Formosa).", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1820, Mary Shelley, Maurice:", "text": "He entered the inn, and asking for dinner, unbuckled his wallet, and sat down to rest himself near the door.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "This time was most dreadful for Lilian. Thrown on her own resources and almost penniless, she maintained herself and paid the rent of a wretched room near the hospital by working as a charwoman, sempstress, anything.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1927, H.P. Lovecraft, The Colour Out of Space:", "text": "It shied, balked, and whinnied, and in the end he could do nothing but drive it into the yard while the men used their own strength to get the heavy wagon near enough the hayloft for convenient pitching.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 August 16, John Vidal, “Dams endanger ecology of Himalayas”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 10, page 8:", "text": "Most of the Himalayan rivers have been relatively untouched by dams near their sources. Now the two great Asian powers, India and China, are rushing to harness them as they cut through some of the world's deepest valleys.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Physically close to, in close proximity to."], "links": [["close", "close"], ["proximity", "proximity"]], "senseid": ["en:close to"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "The voyage was near completion.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Close to in time."], "links": [["time", "time"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "His opinions are near the limit of what is acceptable.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2019, Emma Lea, A Royal Enticement:", "text": "There was no way Brín felt anything anywhere near what I felt for him. He saw me as a friend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Close to in nature or degree."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪə̯(ɹ)/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-near.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-uk-near.ogg/En-uk-near.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-uk-near.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/nɪː(ɹ)/", "tags": ["British", "Southern", "Standard"]}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-near.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav.ogg"}, {"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["US"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪɚ/", "tags": ["US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-near.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-near.ogg/En-us-near.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-near.ogg"}, {"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪə̯/", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "[nɪː]", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "[niːɹ]", "tags": ["Canada"]}, {"ipa": "/nɛə/", "note": "cheer–chair merger"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bi-l-qurb mina", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "بِٱلْقُرْب مِنَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕinda", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "عِنْدَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb mina", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "قَرِيب مِنَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "janba", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "جَنْبَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ganb", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "جنب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕand", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "عند"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔurayeb men", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قريب من"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "kaljá", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "каля́"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "lja", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ля"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízo do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бли́зо до"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "kàojìn", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "靠近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jiējìn", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "接近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "zài ... pángbiān", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "在……旁邊 /在……旁边"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "u"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blízko"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nabij"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "bij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "apud"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "note": "lähellä (+ partitive case)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "près de"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "neben"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "note": "in der Nähe (+ genitive or von)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "kontá", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "κοντά"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "prós", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "πρός"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "plēsíon", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "πλησίον"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... ke pās", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... के पास"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... ke nazdīk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... के नज़दीक"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "-hoz/-hez/-höz közel"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "közelében"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "in aice le"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "vicino a"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "... no chikaku ni", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "...の近くに"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kbae", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ក្បែរ"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "...ui gakkaie", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "...의 가까이에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "tenîşt", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "تەنیشت"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "tek", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "تەک"}, {"code": "lad", "lang": "Ladino", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "serka"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "prope"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "iuxta"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "circa"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "circiter"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blakus"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "до"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "kaj", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "кај"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízu do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бли́зу до"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "dekat dengan"}, {"code": "zdj", "lang": "Ngazidja Comorian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "kariɓu na"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "près de"}, {"code": "oj", "lang": "Ojibwe", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "jiig-"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "kenâr-e", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "کنار"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blisko"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "perto de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "próximo de"}, {"code": "rap", "lang": "Rapa Nui", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "hahine"}, {"code": "rap", "lang": "Rapa Nui", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "tupuaki"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rjádom s", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-instrumental"], "word": "ря́дом с"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ókolo", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "о́коло"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízko k", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-dative"], "word": "бли́зко к"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "vózle", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "во́зле"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "u", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "у"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "faisg air"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "goirid do"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "pri"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blízko"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "cerca de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "i närheten av"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "daggara", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "దగ్గర"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "anyōnyamu", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "అన్యోన్యము"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "yakınında"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "bílja", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бі́ля"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... ke pās", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... کے پاس"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... ke nazdīk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... کے نزدیک"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nilü"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ger"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ar bwys"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "close to in time", "word": "lähellä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "close to in nature or degree", "word": "lähellä"}], "word": "near"}
1: near/English/prep: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "note": "lähellä (+ partitive case)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}: {"antonyms": [{"word": "far from"}], "categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ancient Greek translations", "Requests for review of Bikol Central translations", "Requests for review of French translations", "Requests for review of German translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Latin translations", "Requests for review of Portuguese translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Brunei Malay translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations", "Terms with Chamicuro translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Higaonon translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kumyk translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladino translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Lü translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Mansaka translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mirandese translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Thai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "en:Time"], "derived": [{"word": "near at hand"}, {"word": "near-death experience"}, {"word": "near-Earth object"}, {"word": "near the knuckle"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "nere"}, "expansion": "Middle English nere", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "nēar", "pos": "comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "nær", "t": "near"}, "expansion": "Old Norse nær (“near”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*nēhwiz", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *nēhwiz (“nearer”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂neḱ-", "4": "", "5": "to reach"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "ofs", "2": "niār", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Old Frisian niār (“nearer”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "naar", "t": "to, towards"}, "expansion": "Dutch naar (“to, towards”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "näher", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "German näher (“nearer”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Danish nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Norwegian nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "nära", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Swedish nära (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Danish nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Norwegian nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "nära", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Swedish nära (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "na", "t": "close, near"}, "expansion": "Dutch na (“close, near”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "nah", "t": "close, near, nearby"}, "expansion": "German nah (“close, near, nearby”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "lb", "2": "no", "t": "nearby, near, close"}, "expansion": "Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English nere, ner, from Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next), influenced by Old Norse nær (“near”), both originating from Proto-Germanic *nēhwiz (“nearer”), comparative of the adverb *nēhw (“near”), from the adjective *nēhwaz, ultimately from Pre-Proto-Germanic *h₂nḗḱwos, a lengthened-grade adjective derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).\nCognate with Old Frisian niār (“nearer”), Dutch naar (“to, towards”), German näher (“nearer”), Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”). See also nigh.\nNear appears to be derived from (or at the very least influenced by) the North Germanic languages; compare Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”), as opposed to nigh, which continues the inherited West Germanic adjective, like Dutch na (“close, near”), German nah (“close, near, nearby”), Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”). Both, however, are ultimately derived from the same Proto-Germanic root: *nēhw (“near, close”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "near", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "near", "name": "en-prep"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "There are habitable planets orbiting many of the stars near our Sun.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1957, Edgar Snow, Random Notes on Red China, Harvard University Press, published 1968, →OCLC, page 103:", "text": "Ts'ai Ch'ien 蔡乾 was born in 1908 in Changhua near Taichung, Taiwan (Formosa).", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1820, Mary Shelley, Maurice:", "text": "He entered the inn, and asking for dinner, unbuckled his wallet, and sat down to rest himself near the door.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "This time was most dreadful for Lilian. Thrown on her own resources and almost penniless, she maintained herself and paid the rent of a wretched room near the hospital by working as a charwoman, sempstress, anything.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1927, H.P. Lovecraft, The Colour Out of Space:", "text": "It shied, balked, and whinnied, and in the end he could do nothing but drive it into the yard while the men used their own strength to get the heavy wagon near enough the hayloft for convenient pitching.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 August 16, John Vidal, “Dams endanger ecology of Himalayas”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 10, page 8:", "text": "Most of the Himalayan rivers have been relatively untouched by dams near their sources. Now the two great Asian powers, India and China, are rushing to harness them as they cut through some of the world's deepest valleys.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Physically close to, in close proximity to."], "links": [["close", "close"], ["proximity", "proximity"]], "senseid": ["en:close to"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "The voyage was near completion.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Close to in time."], "links": [["time", "time"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "His opinions are near the limit of what is acceptable.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2019, Emma Lea, A Royal Enticement:", "text": "There was no way Brín felt anything anywhere near what I felt for him. He saw me as a friend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Close to in nature or degree."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪə̯(ɹ)/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-near.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-uk-near.ogg/En-uk-near.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-uk-near.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/nɪː(ɹ)/", "tags": ["British", "Southern", "Standard"]}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-near.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav.ogg"}, {"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["US"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪɚ/", "tags": ["US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-near.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-near.ogg/En-us-near.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-near.ogg"}, {"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪə̯/", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "[nɪː]", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "[niːɹ]", "tags": ["Canada"]}, {"ipa": "/nɛə/", "note": "cheer–chair merger"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bi-l-qurb mina", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "بِٱلْقُرْب مِنَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕinda", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "عِنْدَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb mina", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "قَرِيب مِنَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "janba", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "جَنْبَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ganb", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "جنب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕand", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "عند"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔurayeb men", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قريب من"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "kaljá", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "каля́"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "lja", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ля"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízo do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бли́зо до"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "kàojìn", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "靠近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jiējìn", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "接近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "zài ... pángbiān", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "在……旁邊 /在……旁边"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "u"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blízko"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nabij"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "bij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "apud"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "note": "lähellä (+ partitive case)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "près de"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "neben"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "note": "in der Nähe (+ genitive or von)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "kontá", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "κοντά"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "prós", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "πρός"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "plēsíon", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "πλησίον"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... ke pās", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... के पास"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... ke nazdīk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... के नज़दीक"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "-hoz/-hez/-höz közel"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "közelében"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "in aice le"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "vicino a"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "... no chikaku ni", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "...の近くに"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kbae", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ក្បែរ"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "...ui gakkaie", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "...의 가까이에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "tenîşt", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "تەنیشت"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "tek", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "تەک"}, {"code": "lad", "lang": "Ladino", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "serka"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "prope"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "iuxta"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "circa"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "circiter"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blakus"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "до"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "kaj", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "кај"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízu do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бли́зу до"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "dekat dengan"}, {"code": "zdj", "lang": "Ngazidja Comorian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "kariɓu na"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "près de"}, {"code": "oj", "lang": "Ojibwe", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "jiig-"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "kenâr-e", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "کنار"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blisko"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "perto de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "próximo de"}, {"code": "rap", "lang": "Rapa Nui", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "hahine"}, {"code": "rap", "lang": "Rapa Nui", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "tupuaki"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rjádom s", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-instrumental"], "word": "ря́дом с"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ókolo", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "о́коло"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízko k", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-dative"], "word": "бли́зко к"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "vózle", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "во́зле"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "u", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "у"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "faisg air"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "goirid do"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "pri"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blízko"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "cerca de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "i närheten av"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "daggara", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "దగ్గర"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "anyōnyamu", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "అన్యోన్యము"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "yakınında"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "bílja", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бі́ля"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... ke pās", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... کے پاس"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... ke nazdīk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... کے نزدیک"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nilü"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ger"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ar bwys"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "close to in time", "word": "lähellä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "close to in nature or degree", "word": "lähellä"}], "word": "near"}

near/English/prep: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "note": "in der Nähe (+ genitive or von)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}: {"antonyms": [{"word": "far from"}], "categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ancient Greek translations", "Requests for review of Bikol Central translations", "Requests for review of French translations", "Requests for review of German translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Latin translations", "Requests for review of Portuguese translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Brunei Malay translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations", "Terms with Chamicuro translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Higaonon translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kumyk translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladino translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Lü translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Mansaka translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mirandese translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Thai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "en:Time"], "derived": [{"word": "near at hand"}, {"word": "near-death experience"}, {"word": "near-Earth object"}, {"word": "near the knuckle"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "nere"}, "expansion": "Middle English nere", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "nēar", "pos": "comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "nær", "t": "near"}, "expansion": "Old Norse nær (“near”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "nēhwiz", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic nēhwiz (“nearer”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "h₂neḱ-", "4": "", "5": "to reach"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European h₂neḱ- (“to reach”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "ofs", "2": "niār", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Old Frisian niār (“nearer”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "naar", "t": "to, towards"}, "expansion": "Dutch naar (“to, towards”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "näher", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "German näher (“nearer”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Danish nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Norwegian nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "nära", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Swedish nära (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Danish nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Norwegian nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "nära", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Swedish nära (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "na", "t": "close, near"}, "expansion": "Dutch na (“close, near”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "nah", "t": "close, near, nearby"}, "expansion": "German nah (“close, near, nearby”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "lb", "2": "no", "t": "nearby, near, close"}, "expansion": "Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English nere, ner, from Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next), influenced by Old Norse nær (“near”), both originating from Proto-Germanic nēhwiz (“nearer”), comparative of the adverb nēhw (“near”), from the adjective nēhwaz, ultimately from Pre-Proto-Germanic h₂nḗḱwos, a lengthened-grade adjective derived from Proto-Indo-European h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).\nCognate with Old Frisian niār (“nearer”), Dutch naar (“to, towards”), German näher (“nearer”), Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”). See also nigh.\nNear appears to be derived from (or at the very least influenced by) the North Germanic languages; compare Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”), as opposed to nigh, which continues the inherited West Germanic adjective, like Dutch na (“close, near”), German nah (“close, near, nearby”), Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”). Both, however, are ultimately derived from the same Proto-Germanic root: nēhw (“near, close”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "near", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "near", "name": "en-prep"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "There are habitable planets orbiting many of the stars near our Sun.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1957, Edgar Snow, Random Notes on Red China, Harvard University Press, published 1968, →OCLC, page 103:", "text": "Ts'ai Ch'ien 蔡乾 was born in 1908 in Changhua near Taichung, Taiwan (Formosa).", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1820, Mary Shelley, Maurice:", "text": "He entered the inn, and asking for dinner, unbuckled his wallet, and sat down to rest himself near the door.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "This time was most dreadful for Lilian. Thrown on her own resources and almost penniless, she maintained herself and paid the rent of a wretched room near the hospital by working as a charwoman, sempstress, anything.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1927, H.P. Lovecraft, The Colour Out of Space:", "text": "It shied, balked, and whinnied, and in the end he could do nothing but drive it into the yard while the men used their own strength to get the heavy wagon near enough the hayloft for convenient pitching.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 August 16, John Vidal, “Dams endanger ecology of Himalayas”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 10, page 8:", "text": "Most of the Himalayan rivers have been relatively untouched by dams near their sources. Now the two great Asian powers, India and China, are rushing to harness them as they cut through some of the world's deepest valleys.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Physically close to, in close proximity to."], "links": [["close", "close"], ["proximity", "proximity"]], "senseid": ["en:close to"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "The voyage was near completion.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Close to in time."], "links": [["time", "time"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "His opinions are near the limit of what is acceptable.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2019, Emma Lea, A Royal Enticement:", "text": "There was no way Brín felt anything anywhere near what I felt for him. He saw me as a friend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Close to in nature or degree."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪə̯(ɹ)/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-near.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-uk-near.ogg/En-uk-near.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-uk-near.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/nɪː(ɹ)/", "tags": ["British", "Southern", "Standard"]}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-near.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav.ogg"}, {"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["US"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪɚ/", "tags": ["US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-near.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-near.ogg/En-us-near.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-near.ogg"}, {"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪə̯/", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "[nɪː]", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "[niːɹ]", "tags": ["Canada"]}, {"ipa": "/nɛə/", "note": "cheer–chair merger"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bi-l-qurb mina", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "بِٱلْقُرْب مِنَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕinda", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "عِنْدَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb mina", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "قَرِيب مِنَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "janba", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "جَنْبَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ganb", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "جنب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕand", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "عند"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔurayeb men", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قريب من"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "kaljá", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "каля́"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "lja", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ля"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízo do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бли́зо до"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "kàojìn", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "靠近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jiējìn", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "接近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "zài ... pángbiān", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "在……旁邊 /在……旁边"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "u"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blízko"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nabij"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "bij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "apud"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "note": "lähellä (+ partitive case)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "près de"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "neben"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "note": "in der Nähe (+ genitive or von)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "kontá", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "κοντά"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "prós", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "πρός"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "plēsíon", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "πλησίον"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... ke pās", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... के पास"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... ke nazdīk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... के नज़दीक"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "-hoz/-hez/-höz közel"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "közelében"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "in aice le"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "vicino a"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "... no chikaku ni", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "...の近くに"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kbae", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ក្បែរ"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "...ui gakkaie", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "...의 가까이에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "tenîşt", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "تەنیشت"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "tek", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "تەک"}, {"code": "lad", "lang": "Ladino", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "serka"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "prope"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "iuxta"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "circa"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "circiter"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blakus"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "до"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "kaj", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "кај"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízu do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бли́зу до"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "dekat dengan"}, {"code": "zdj", "lang": "Ngazidja Comorian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "kariɓu na"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "près de"}, {"code": "oj", "lang": "Ojibwe", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "jiig-"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "kenâr-e", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "کنار"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blisko"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "perto de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "próximo de"}, {"code": "rap", "lang": "Rapa Nui", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "hahine"}, {"code": "rap", "lang": "Rapa Nui", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "tupuaki"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rjádom s", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-instrumental"], "word": "ря́дом с"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ókolo", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "о́коло"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízko k", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-dative"], "word": "бли́зко к"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "vózle", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "во́зле"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "u", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "у"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "faisg air"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "goirid do"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "pri"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blízko"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "cerca de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "i närheten av"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "daggara", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "దగ్గర"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "anyōnyamu", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "అన్యోన్యము"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "yakınında"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "bílja", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бі́ля"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... ke pās", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... کے پاس"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... ke nazdīk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... کے نزدیک"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nilü"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ger"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ar bwys"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "close to in time", "word": "lähellä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "close to in nature or degree", "word": "lähellä"}], "word": "near"}

near (English prep) near/English/prep: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "note": "in der Nähe (+ genitive or von)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}: {"antonyms": [{"word": "far from"}], "categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ancient Greek translations", "Requests for review of Bikol Central translations", "Requests for review of French translations", "Requests for review of German translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Latin translations", "Requests for review of Portuguese translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Brunei Malay translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations", "Terms with Chamicuro translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Higaonon translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kumyk translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladino translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Lü translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Mansaka translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mirandese translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Thai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "en:Time"], "derived": [{"word": "near at hand"}, {"word": "near-death experience"}, {"word": "near-Earth object"}, {"word": "near the knuckle"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "nere"}, "expansion": "Middle English nere", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "nēar", "pos": "comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "nær", "t": "near"}, "expansion": "Old Norse nær (“near”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*nēhwiz", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *nēhwiz (“nearer”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂neḱ-", "4": "", "5": "to reach"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "ofs", "2": "niār", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Old Frisian niār (“nearer”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "naar", "t": "to, towards"}, "expansion": "Dutch naar (“to, towards”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "näher", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "German näher (“nearer”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Danish nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Norwegian nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "nära", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Swedish nära (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Danish nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Norwegian nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "nära", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Swedish nära (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "na", "t": "close, near"}, "expansion": "Dutch na (“close, near”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "nah", "t": "close, near, nearby"}, "expansion": "German nah (“close, near, nearby”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "lb", "2": "no", "t": "nearby, near, close"}, "expansion": "Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English nere, ner, from Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next), influenced by Old Norse nær (“near”), both originating from Proto-Germanic *nēhwiz (“nearer”), comparative of the adverb *nēhw (“near”), from the adjective *nēhwaz, ultimately from Pre-Proto-Germanic *h₂nḗḱwos, a lengthened-grade adjective derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).\nCognate with Old Frisian niār (“nearer”), Dutch naar (“to, towards”), German näher (“nearer”), Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”). See also nigh.\nNear appears to be derived from (or at the very least influenced by) the North Germanic languages; compare Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”), as opposed to nigh, which continues the inherited West Germanic adjective, like Dutch na (“close, near”), German nah (“close, near, nearby”), Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”). Both, however, are ultimately derived from the same Proto-Germanic root: *nēhw (“near, close”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "near", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "near", "name": "en-prep"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "There are habitable planets orbiting many of the stars near our Sun.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1957, Edgar Snow, Random Notes on Red China, Harvard University Press, published 1968, →OCLC, page 103:", "text": "Ts'ai Ch'ien 蔡乾 was born in 1908 in Changhua near Taichung, Taiwan (Formosa).", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1820, Mary Shelley, Maurice:", "text": "He entered the inn, and asking for dinner, unbuckled his wallet, and sat down to rest himself near the door.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "This time was most dreadful for Lilian. Thrown on her own resources and almost penniless, she maintained herself and paid the rent of a wretched room near the hospital by working as a charwoman, sempstress, anything.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1927, H.P. Lovecraft, The Colour Out of Space:", "text": "It shied, balked, and whinnied, and in the end he could do nothing but drive it into the yard while the men used their own strength to get the heavy wagon near enough the hayloft for convenient pitching.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 August 16, John Vidal, “Dams endanger ecology of Himalayas”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 10, page 8:", "text": "Most of the Himalayan rivers have been relatively untouched by dams near their sources. Now the two great Asian powers, India and China, are rushing to harness them as they cut through some of the world's deepest valleys.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Physically close to, in close proximity to."], "links": [["close", "close"], ["proximity", "proximity"]], "senseid": ["en:close to"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "The voyage was near completion.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Close to in time."], "links": [["time", "time"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "His opinions are near the limit of what is acceptable.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2019, Emma Lea, A Royal Enticement:", "text": "There was no way Brín felt anything anywhere near what I felt for him. He saw me as a friend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Close to in nature or degree."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪə̯(ɹ)/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-near.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-uk-near.ogg/En-uk-near.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-uk-near.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/nɪː(ɹ)/", "tags": ["British", "Southern", "Standard"]}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-near.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav.ogg"}, {"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["US"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪɚ/", "tags": ["US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-near.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-near.ogg/En-us-near.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-near.ogg"}, {"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪə̯/", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "[nɪː]", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "[niːɹ]", "tags": ["Canada"]}, {"ipa": "/nɛə/", "note": "cheer–chair merger"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bi-l-qurb mina", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "بِٱلْقُرْب مِنَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕinda", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "عِنْدَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb mina", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "قَرِيب مِنَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "janba", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "جَنْبَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ganb", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "جنب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕand", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "عند"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔurayeb men", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قريب من"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "kaljá", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "каля́"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "lja", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ля"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízo do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бли́зо до"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "kàojìn", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "靠近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jiējìn", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "接近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "zài ... pángbiān", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "在……旁邊 /在……旁边"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "u"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blízko"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nabij"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "bij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "apud"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "note": "lähellä (+ partitive case)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "près de"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "neben"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "note": "in der Nähe (+ genitive or von)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "kontá", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "κοντά"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "prós", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "πρός"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "plēsíon", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "πλησίον"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... ke pās", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... के पास"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... ke nazdīk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... के नज़दीक"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "-hoz/-hez/-höz közel"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "közelében"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "in aice le"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "vicino a"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "... no chikaku ni", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "...の近くに"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kbae", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ក្បែរ"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "...ui gakkaie", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "...의 가까이에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "tenîşt", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "تەنیشت"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "tek", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "تەک"}, {"code": "lad", "lang": "Ladino", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "serka"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "prope"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "iuxta"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "circa"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "circiter"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blakus"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "до"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "kaj", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "кај"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízu do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бли́зу до"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "dekat dengan"}, {"code": "zdj", "lang": "Ngazidja Comorian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "kariɓu na"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "près de"}, {"code": "oj", "lang": "Ojibwe", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "jiig-"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "kenâr-e", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "کنار"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blisko"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "perto de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "próximo de"}, {"code": "rap", "lang": "Rapa Nui", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "hahine"}, {"code": "rap", "lang": "Rapa Nui", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "tupuaki"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rjádom s", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-instrumental"], "word": "ря́дом с"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ókolo", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "о́коло"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízko k", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-dative"], "word": "бли́зко к"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "vózle", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "во́зле"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "u", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "у"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "faisg air"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "goirid do"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "pri"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blízko"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "cerca de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "i närheten av"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "daggara", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "దగ్గర"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "anyōnyamu", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "అన్యోన్యము"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "yakınında"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "bílja", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бі́ля"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... ke pās", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... کے پاس"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... ke nazdīk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... کے نزدیک"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nilü"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ger"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ar bwys"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "close to in time", "word": "lähellä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "close to in nature or degree", "word": "lähellä"}], "word": "near"}

near/English/prep: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "note": "lähellä (+ partitive case)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}: {"antonyms": [{"word": "far from"}], "categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ancient Greek translations", "Requests for review of Bikol Central translations", "Requests for review of French translations", "Requests for review of German translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Latin translations", "Requests for review of Portuguese translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Brunei Malay translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations", "Terms with Chamicuro translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Higaonon translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kumyk translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladino translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Lü translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Mansaka translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mirandese translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Thai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "en:Time"], "derived": [{"word": "near at hand"}, {"word": "near-death experience"}, {"word": "near-Earth object"}, {"word": "near the knuckle"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "nere"}, "expansion": "Middle English nere", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "nēar", "pos": "comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "nær", "t": "near"}, "expansion": "Old Norse nær (“near”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "nēhwiz", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic nēhwiz (“nearer”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "h₂neḱ-", "4": "", "5": "to reach"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European h₂neḱ- (“to reach”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "ofs", "2": "niār", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Old Frisian niār (“nearer”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "naar", "t": "to, towards"}, "expansion": "Dutch naar (“to, towards”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "näher", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "German näher (“nearer”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Danish nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Norwegian nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "nära", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Swedish nära (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Danish nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Norwegian nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "nära", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Swedish nära (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "na", "t": "close, near"}, "expansion": "Dutch na (“close, near”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "nah", "t": "close, near, nearby"}, "expansion": "German nah (“close, near, nearby”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "lb", "2": "no", "t": "nearby, near, close"}, "expansion": "Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English nere, ner, from Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next), influenced by Old Norse nær (“near”), both originating from Proto-Germanic nēhwiz (“nearer”), comparative of the adverb nēhw (“near”), from the adjective nēhwaz, ultimately from Pre-Proto-Germanic h₂nḗḱwos, a lengthened-grade adjective derived from Proto-Indo-European h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).\nCognate with Old Frisian niār (“nearer”), Dutch naar (“to, towards”), German näher (“nearer”), Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”). See also nigh.\nNear appears to be derived from (or at the very least influenced by) the North Germanic languages; compare Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”), as opposed to nigh, which continues the inherited West Germanic adjective, like Dutch na (“close, near”), German nah (“close, near, nearby”), Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”). Both, however, are ultimately derived from the same Proto-Germanic root: nēhw (“near, close”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "near", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "near", "name": "en-prep"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "There are habitable planets orbiting many of the stars near our Sun.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1957, Edgar Snow, Random Notes on Red China, Harvard University Press, published 1968, →OCLC, page 103:", "text": "Ts'ai Ch'ien 蔡乾 was born in 1908 in Changhua near Taichung, Taiwan (Formosa).", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1820, Mary Shelley, Maurice:", "text": "He entered the inn, and asking for dinner, unbuckled his wallet, and sat down to rest himself near the door.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "This time was most dreadful for Lilian. Thrown on her own resources and almost penniless, she maintained herself and paid the rent of a wretched room near the hospital by working as a charwoman, sempstress, anything.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1927, H.P. Lovecraft, The Colour Out of Space:", "text": "It shied, balked, and whinnied, and in the end he could do nothing but drive it into the yard while the men used their own strength to get the heavy wagon near enough the hayloft for convenient pitching.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 August 16, John Vidal, “Dams endanger ecology of Himalayas”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 10, page 8:", "text": "Most of the Himalayan rivers have been relatively untouched by dams near their sources. Now the two great Asian powers, India and China, are rushing to harness them as they cut through some of the world's deepest valleys.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Physically close to, in close proximity to."], "links": [["close", "close"], ["proximity", "proximity"]], "senseid": ["en:close to"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "The voyage was near completion.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Close to in time."], "links": [["time", "time"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "His opinions are near the limit of what is acceptable.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2019, Emma Lea, A Royal Enticement:", "text": "There was no way Brín felt anything anywhere near what I felt for him. He saw me as a friend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Close to in nature or degree."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪə̯(ɹ)/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-near.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-uk-near.ogg/En-uk-near.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-uk-near.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/nɪː(ɹ)/", "tags": ["British", "Southern", "Standard"]}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-near.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav.ogg"}, {"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["US"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪɚ/", "tags": ["US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-near.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-near.ogg/En-us-near.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-near.ogg"}, {"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪə̯/", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "[nɪː]", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "[niːɹ]", "tags": ["Canada"]}, {"ipa": "/nɛə/", "note": "cheer–chair merger"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bi-l-qurb mina", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "بِٱلْقُرْب مِنَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕinda", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "عِنْدَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb mina", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "قَرِيب مِنَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "janba", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "جَنْبَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ganb", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "جنب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕand", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "عند"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔurayeb men", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قريب من"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "kaljá", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "каля́"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "lja", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ля"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízo do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бли́зо до"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "kàojìn", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "靠近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jiējìn", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "接近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "zài ... pángbiān", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "在……旁邊 /在……旁边"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "u"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blízko"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nabij"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "bij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "apud"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "note": "lähellä (+ partitive case)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "près de"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "neben"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "note": "in der Nähe (+ genitive or von)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "kontá", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "κοντά"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "prós", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "πρός"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "plēsíon", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "πλησίον"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... ke pās", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... के पास"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... ke nazdīk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... के नज़दीक"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "-hoz/-hez/-höz közel"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "közelében"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "in aice le"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "vicino a"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "... no chikaku ni", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "...の近くに"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kbae", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ក្បែរ"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "...ui gakkaie", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "...의 가까이에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "tenîşt", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "تەنیشت"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "tek", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "تەک"}, {"code": "lad", "lang": "Ladino", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "serka"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "prope"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "iuxta"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "circa"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "circiter"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blakus"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "до"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "kaj", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "кај"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízu do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бли́зу до"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "dekat dengan"}, {"code": "zdj", "lang": "Ngazidja Comorian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "kariɓu na"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "près de"}, {"code": "oj", "lang": "Ojibwe", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "jiig-"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "kenâr-e", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "کنار"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blisko"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "perto de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "próximo de"}, {"code": "rap", "lang": "Rapa Nui", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "hahine"}, {"code": "rap", "lang": "Rapa Nui", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "tupuaki"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rjádom s", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-instrumental"], "word": "ря́дом с"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ókolo", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "о́коло"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízko k", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-dative"], "word": "бли́зко к"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "vózle", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "во́зле"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "u", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "у"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "faisg air"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "goirid do"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "pri"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blízko"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "cerca de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "i närheten av"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "daggara", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "దగ్గర"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "anyōnyamu", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "అన్యోన్యము"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "yakınında"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "bílja", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бі́ля"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... ke pās", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... کے پاس"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... ke nazdīk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... کے نزدیک"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nilü"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ger"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ar bwys"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "close to in time", "word": "lähellä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "close to in nature or degree", "word": "lähellä"}], "word": "near"}

near (English prep) near/English/prep: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "note": "lähellä (+ partitive case)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}: {"antonyms": [{"word": "far from"}], "categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ancient Greek translations", "Requests for review of Bikol Central translations", "Requests for review of French translations", "Requests for review of German translations", "Requests for review of Italian translations", "Requests for review of Latin translations", "Requests for review of Portuguese translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Brunei Malay translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations", "Terms with Chamicuro translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dolgan translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Higaonon translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Iranun translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Juba Arabic translations", "Terms with Kashubian translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kumyk translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladino translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Lü translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Mansaka translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mirandese translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Rapa Nui translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Thai translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Sundanese translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Woiwurrung translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zealandic translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "en:Time"], "derived": [{"word": "near at hand"}, {"word": "near-death experience"}, {"word": "near-Earth object"}, {"word": "near the knuckle"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "nere"}, "expansion": "Middle English nere", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "nēar", "pos": "comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "nær", "t": "near"}, "expansion": "Old Norse nær (“near”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*nēhwiz", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *nēhwiz (“nearer”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂neḱ-", "4": "", "5": "to reach"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "ofs", "2": "niār", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "Old Frisian niār (“nearer”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "naar", "t": "to, towards"}, "expansion": "Dutch naar (“to, towards”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "näher", "t": "nearer"}, "expansion": "German näher (“nearer”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Danish nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Norwegian nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "nära", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Swedish nära (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Danish nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "nær", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Norwegian nær (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "nära", "t": "near, close"}, "expansion": "Swedish nära (“near, close”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "na", "t": "close, near"}, "expansion": "Dutch na (“close, near”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "nah", "t": "close, near, nearby"}, "expansion": "German nah (“close, near, nearby”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "lb", "2": "no", "t": "nearby, near, close"}, "expansion": "Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English nere, ner, from Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next), influenced by Old Norse nær (“near”), both originating from Proto-Germanic *nēhwiz (“nearer”), comparative of the adverb *nēhw (“near”), from the adjective *nēhwaz, ultimately from Pre-Proto-Germanic *h₂nḗḱwos, a lengthened-grade adjective derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).\nCognate with Old Frisian niār (“nearer”), Dutch naar (“to, towards”), German näher (“nearer”), Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”). See also nigh.\nNear appears to be derived from (or at the very least influenced by) the North Germanic languages; compare Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”), as opposed to nigh, which continues the inherited West Germanic adjective, like Dutch na (“close, near”), German nah (“close, near, nearby”), Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”). Both, however, are ultimately derived from the same Proto-Germanic root: *nēhw (“near, close”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "near", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "near", "name": "en-prep"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "There are habitable planets orbiting many of the stars near our Sun.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1957, Edgar Snow, Random Notes on Red China, Harvard University Press, published 1968, →OCLC, page 103:", "text": "Ts'ai Ch'ien 蔡乾 was born in 1908 in Changhua near Taichung, Taiwan (Formosa).", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1820, Mary Shelley, Maurice:", "text": "He entered the inn, and asking for dinner, unbuckled his wallet, and sat down to rest himself near the door.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "This time was most dreadful for Lilian. Thrown on her own resources and almost penniless, she maintained herself and paid the rent of a wretched room near the hospital by working as a charwoman, sempstress, anything.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1927, H.P. Lovecraft, The Colour Out of Space:", "text": "It shied, balked, and whinnied, and in the end he could do nothing but drive it into the yard while the men used their own strength to get the heavy wagon near enough the hayloft for convenient pitching.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 August 16, John Vidal, “Dams endanger ecology of Himalayas”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 10, page 8:", "text": "Most of the Himalayan rivers have been relatively untouched by dams near their sources. Now the two great Asian powers, India and China, are rushing to harness them as they cut through some of the world's deepest valleys.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Physically close to, in close proximity to."], "links": [["close", "close"], ["proximity", "proximity"]], "senseid": ["en:close to"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "The voyage was near completion.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Close to in time."], "links": [["time", "time"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "His opinions are near the limit of what is acceptable.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2019, Emma Lea, A Royal Enticement:", "text": "There was no way Brín felt anything anywhere near what I felt for him. He saw me as a friend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Close to in nature or degree."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪə̯(ɹ)/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-near.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-uk-near.ogg/En-uk-near.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-uk-near.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/nɪː(ɹ)/", "tags": ["British", "Southern", "Standard"]}, {"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-near.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-near.wav.ogg"}, {"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["US"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪɚ/", "tags": ["US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-near.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-near.ogg/En-us-near.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-near.ogg"}, {"enpr": "nîr", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "/nɪə̯/", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "[nɪː]", "tags": ["General-Australian"]}, {"ipa": "[niːɹ]", "tags": ["Canada"]}, {"ipa": "/nɛə/", "note": "cheer–chair merger"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bi-l-qurb mina", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "بِٱلْقُرْب مِنَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕinda", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "عِنْدَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb mina", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "قَرِيب مِنَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "janba", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "جَنْبَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ganb", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "جنب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕand", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "عند"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔurayeb men", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قريب من"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "kaljá", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "каля́"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "lja", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ля"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízo do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бли́зо до"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "kàojìn", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "靠近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jiējìn", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "接近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "zài ... pángbiān", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "在……旁邊 /在……旁边"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "u"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blízko"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nabij"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "bij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "apud"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "note": "lähellä (+ partitive case)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "près de"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "neben"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "note": "in der Nähe (+ genitive or von)", "sense": "in close proximity to"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "kontá", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "κοντά"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "prós", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "πρός"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "plēsíon", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "πλησίον"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... ke pās", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... के पास"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... ke nazdīk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... के नज़दीक"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "-hoz/-hez/-höz közel"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "közelében"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "in aice le"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "vicino a"}, {"code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "... no chikaku ni", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "...の近くに"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kbae", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ក្បែរ"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "...ui gakkaie", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "...의 가까이에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "tenîşt", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "تەنیشت"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "tek", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "تەک"}, {"code": "lad", "lang": "Ladino", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "serka"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "prope"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "iuxta"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "circa"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "circiter"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blakus"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "до"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "kaj", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "кај"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízu do", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бли́зу до"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "dekat dengan"}, {"code": "zdj", "lang": "Ngazidja Comorian", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "kariɓu na"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "près de"}, {"code": "oj", "lang": "Ojibwe", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "jiig-"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "kenâr-e", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "کنار"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blisko"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "perto de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "próximo de"}, {"code": "rap", "lang": "Rapa Nui", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "hahine"}, {"code": "rap", "lang": "Rapa Nui", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "tupuaki"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rjádom s", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-instrumental"], "word": "ря́дом с"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ókolo", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "о́коло"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízko k", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-dative"], "word": "бли́зко к"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "vózle", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "во́зле"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "u", "sense": "in close proximity to", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "у"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "faisg air"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "goirid do"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "pri"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "blízko"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "cerca de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "i närheten av"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "daggara", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "దగ్గర"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "anyōnyamu", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "అన్యోన్యము"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "yakınında"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "bílja", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "бі́ля"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... ke pās", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... کے پاس"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... ke nazdīk", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "... کے نزدیک"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "nilü"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ger"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in close proximity to", "word": "ar bwys"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "close to in time", "word": "lähellä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "close to in nature or degree", "word": "lähellä"}], "word": "near"}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.