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doubt/English/verb

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doubt/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "note": "сомнева́ться impf (somnevátʹsja) (в + prepositional case)", "sense": "to lack confidence in"}: {"categories": ["American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts", "English contranyms", "English countable nouns", "English entries with etymology trees", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English reporting verbs", "English stative verbs", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰeh₁bʰ-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/aʊt", "Rhymes:English/aʊt/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with American Sign Language translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Aragonese translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bhojpuri translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Elfdalian translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Fang (Bantu) translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hanunoo translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kabuverdianu translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Middle French translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old French translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations"], "derived": [{"word": "doubtable"}, {"word": "doubter"}, {"word": "doubting"}, {"word": "doubtingly"}, {"word": "doubting Thomas"}, {"word": "doubting Thomasina"}, {"word": "undoubted"}, {"word": "undoubtedly"}, {"word": "undoubting"}, {"word": "undoubtingly"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "inh", "3": "enm>douten>to doubt", "4": "enm>doute>doubt", "5": "influence", "6": "dubious>questionable", "7": "la>dubitō>to doubt", "id": "to hesitate", "tree": "1"}, "expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin dubō\nLatin -itō\nLatin dubitō\nOld French doterbor.\nMiddle English douten\nOld French doter\nOld French doutebor.\nMiddle English doute\nLatin dubiusbor.\nEnglish dubiousinflu.\nLatin dubitōinflu.\nEnglish doubt", "name": "etymon"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "douten", "t": "to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence"}, "expansion": "Middle English douten (“to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "doubt, doubten, dought, doughten, douti, douʒte, dut, duten, duti", "otherforms": "1"}, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..."}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "douter"}, "expansion": "Old French douter", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "frm", "2": "doubter"}, "expansion": "Middle French doubter", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "dubitō", "4": "dubitāre", "t": "to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder"}, "expansion": "Latin dubitāre (“to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dwóh₁", "t": "two"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-", "t": "to grab, take"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "dout"}, "expansion": "Middle English dout", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "dewt, dote, doubt, doubte, dought, doughte, douthe, douʒte, douȝt, douȝte, dowght, dowt, dowte, dut, dute", "otherforms": "1"}, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..."}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "doute"}, "expansion": "Old French doute", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "frm", "2": "doubter"}, "expansion": "Middle French doubter", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fr", "2": "douter", "t": "to doubt; to suspect"}, "expansion": "French douter (“to doubt; to suspect”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "1"}, "expansion": "¹", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "twēo", "3": "", "4": "doubt"}, "expansion": "Old English twēo (“doubt”)", "name": "noncog"}], "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nLatin dubō\nLatin -itō\nLatin dubitō\nOld French doterbor.\nMiddle English douten\nOld French doter\nOld French doutebor.\nMiddle English doute\nLatin dubiusbor.\nEnglish dubiousinflu.\nLatin dubitōinflu.\nEnglish doubt\nThe verb is derived from Middle English douten (“to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence”) [and other forms], from Old French douter, doter, duter (compare Middle French doubter), from Latin dubitāre (“to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder”); the further etymology is uncertain, but one theory is that dubitō may be derived from dubius (“fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain”), from duhibius (“held as two”), from duo (“two”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”)) + habeō (“to have, hold”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)). Although the Middle English form of the word was spelled without a b, this letter was later introduced through the influence of the Latin words dubitāre and dubitō. However, the English word continued to be pronounced without the b sound.\nThe noun is derived from Middle English dout, doute (“uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;”) [and other forms],\nfrom Old French doute, dote, dute (“uncertain feeling, doubt”), from doter, douter, duter (“to doubt; to be afraid of, fear”) (compare Middle French doubter; modern French douter (“to doubt; to suspect”)); see further etymology above.\nDisplaced Old English twēo (“doubt”) and twēoġan (“to doubt”).", "forms": [{"form": "doubts", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "doubting", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "doubted", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "doubted", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "doubt (third-person singular simple present doubts, present participle doubting, simple past and past participle doubted)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "dubiety"}, {"word": "dubious"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "He doubted that was really what you meant.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "I had no wish to go, though I doubt if they would have noticed me even if I had.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "[1552?], Erasmus of Roterdame, “The Seconde Rule. Capitulo x.”, in [William Tyndale], transl., Enchiridion Militis Christiani, which maye be Called in Englishe, the Hansome Weapon of a Christian Knight, […], imprinted at London: […] [B]y [J. Day (?) for] Abraham Ueale, →OCLC:", "text": "Ther be but two wayes onely. The one whiche by followyng the affections ledeth to perdicion. The other whyche throughe the mortifyenge of the fleſhe: ledeth to lyfe, why doubteſt thou in thy ſelf: There is no thyrde way.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “The Generall Argument of the Whole Booke”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Hugh Singleton, […], →OCLC:", "text": "For they be not termed Eclogues, but Æglogues, vvhich ſentence this authour very vvell obſeruing, vpon good iudgement, though indeede fevv Goteheards haue to doe herein, netheleſſe doubteth not to cal thẽ by the vſed and beſt knovven name.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1585 September 9, “How a Man may Ivdge or Discerne of Him Self, vvhether He be a True Christian or Not. […]”, in A Christian Directorie Gviding Men to Their Salvation. Devided into Three Bookes. […], [Rouen]: [s.n.], →OCLC, pages 316–317:", "text": "And as for that faith, vvhich is vvithout vvorkes, and yet ſeemeth to thes men to be ſufficient for their ſaluation; he proteſteth, that it is ſo vnprofitable, as he doubteth not to ſaye of hymſelf; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"english": "The New Arcadia", "ref": "c. 1580 (date written), Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “(please specify the folio)”, in [Fulke Greville; Matthew Gwinne; John Florio], editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC:", "text": "For never (I thinke) was there any woman, that with more unremovable determinatiõ gave her selfe to the coũcell of Love, after she had once set before her mind the worthines of your cousin Amphialus; & yet is nether her wisdome doubted of, nor honour blemished.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1594, Richard Hooker, “The Second Booke. Concerning Their First Position who Vrge Reformation in the Church of England: Namely, that Scripture is the Only Rule of All Things which in this Life may be Done by Men.”, in Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, Eight Bookes, London: Printed by William Stansbye, published 1622, →OCLC, page 73:", "text": "Now it is not required nor can be exacted at our hands, that we ſhould yeeld vnto any thing other aſſent, then ſuch as doth anſwer the euidence which is to be had of that wee aſſent to. For which cauſe euen in matters diuine, concerning ſome things we may lawfully doubt and ſuſpend our iudgement, inclining neyther to one ſide or other, [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London: […] Nath[aniel] Ponder […], →OCLC; reprinted in The Pilgrim’s Progress as Originally Published by John Bunyan: Being a Fac-simile Reproduction of the First Edition, London: Elliot Stock […], 1875, →OCLC, page 33:", "text": "He that will enter in muſt firſt without / Stand knocking at the Gate, nor need he doubt / That is a knocker but to enter in; / For God can love him, and forgive his ſin.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act III, page 39:", "text": "Have I not manag'd my contrivance well, / To try your Love and make you doubt of mine?", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1913 June, J[ohn] A[rthur] R[ansome] Marriott, “The Problem of Poverty”, in The Nineteenth Century and After: A Monthly Review, volume LXXIII, number CCCCXXXVI, New York, N.Y.: Leonard Scott Publication Co.; London: Spottiswoode & Co. Ltd., printers, →OCLC, section III, page 1262:", "text": "As to the efficacy of such legislation and taxation a word may be said. No one doubts that it is possible, by the employment of such methods, to make the rich poorer. [...] But the really important question—for all serious-minded inquirers—is whether the employment of these weapons will diminish the poverty or increase the prosperity of the relatively poor.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1915, [Gertrude Antoinette Woodcock Seibert], “The Changed Cross”, in Poems of Dawn, New York, N.Y., London: Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, →OCLC, page 170:", "text": "And thus no longer trusting to His might, / Who saith we \"walk by faith and not by sight,\" / Doubting, and almost yielding to despair, / The thought arose—My cross I cannot bear.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1921 August, Howard P. Rockey, “The Doubting Thomas”, in Orison Swett Marden, editor, The New Success: Marden’s Magazine: A Magazine of Optimism, Self-help and Encouragement, volume V, number 8, New York, N.Y.: Lowrey-Marden Corporation, →OCLC, part I, page 76, column 2:", "text": "\"Your philosophy is very pretty,\" Tom Douty said slowly, \"but I can't help doubting that this is not the right time to start the new business.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1979, John Iliffe, “The Crisis of Colonial Society, 1929–45”, in A Modern History of Tanganyika (African Studies Series; 25), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, published 1994, →ISBN, page 342:", "text": "[B]oth colonisers and colonised lost faith in the colonisers' vision of the future. Europeans doubted whether their aims were attainable; Africans doubted whether they were desirable.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Kent Koppelman, “Diversity and Discrimination: The Argument over Affirmative Action”, in The Great Diversity Debate: Embracing Pluralism in School and Society, New York, N.Y.: Teachers College Press, →ISBN, page 99:", "text": "In one study, 60% of Black students believed that their academic abilities were doubted by their White peers, and 60% felt that their White professors doubted them as well.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2020 May 15, Robert Frost, Delphi Complete Works of Robert Frost (Illustrated) (Delphi Poets Series), Delphi Classics, →ISBN, →OCLC:", "text": "We may doubt the just proportion of good to ill.\nThere is much in nature against us. But we forget:\nTake nature altogether since time began,\nIncluding human nature, in peace and war,\nAnd it must be a little more in favor of man,[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To be undecided about; to lack confidence in; to disbelieve, to question."], "links": [["transitive", "transitive"], ["intransitive", "intransitive"], ["undecided", "undecided"], ["lack", "lack#Verb"], ["confidence", "confidence"], ["disbelieve", "disbelieve"], ["question", "question#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, intransitive) To be undecided about; to lack confidence in; to disbelieve, to question."], "synonyms": [{"word": "distrust"}, {"word": "mistrust"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Scottish English"], "examples": [{"ref": "1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London: […] Nath[aniel] Ponder […], →OCLC, page 40:", "text": "I walk by the Rule of my Maſter, you walk by the rude working of your fancies. You are counted thieves already, by the Lord of the way; therefore, I doubt you will not be found true men at the end of the way.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1815, Walter Scott, “Notes to Canto Second”, in The Lord of the Isles, a Poem, Edinburgh: […] [F]or Archibald Constable and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; by James Ballantyne and Co., […], →OCLC, note VIII, page xlviii:", "text": "Rushing to the door of the church, [Robert the] Bruce met two powerful barons, [Roger de] Kirkpatrick of Closeburn, and James de Lindsay, who eagerly asked him what tidings? \"Bad tidings,\" answered Bruce, \"I doubt I have slain [John] Comyn.\" \"Doubtest thou?\" said Kirkpatrick, \"I make sicker\" (i.e. sure.) With these words, he and Lindsay rushed into the church, and dispatched the wounded Comyn.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To harbour suspicion about; suspect."], "links": [["harbour", "harbour#Verb"], ["suspicion", "suspicion"], ["suspect", "suspect#Verb"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside Scotland", "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, archaic outside Scotland) To harbour suspicion about; suspect."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1596, Philippe de Commynes, The historie of Philip de Commines Knight, Lord of Argenton, London: Ar. Hatfield, pages 50-51:", "text": "The rest of his horsemen the Duke sent to his campe, bicause they heard a great noise there, and doubted the enimies sally, and indeede they had issued foorth thrise, but were alwaies repulsed, especially through the valiantns of the English men that the Duke left there behind him [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1810, Walter Scott, “Canto V. The Combat.”, in The Lady of the Lake; […], Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for John Ballantyne and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, and William Miller, →OCLC, stanza XI, page 196:", "text": "Fear naught—nay, that I need not say— / But—doubt not aught from mine array. / Thou art my guest;—I pledged my word / As far as Coilantogle ford: [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To anticipate with dread or fear; to apprehend."], "links": [["anticipate", "anticipate"], ["dread", "dread#Noun"], ["fear", "fear#Noun"], ["apprehend", "apprehend"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, archaic) To anticipate with dread or fear; to apprehend."], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "c. 1613 (first performance), John Fletcher, “The Tragedie of Bonduca”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act I, scene ii, page 51, column 1:", "text": "I'll tell ye all my fears, one ſingle valour, / the vertues of the valiant Caratach / more doubts me then all Britain: [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To fill with fear; to affright."], "links": [["fill", "fill#Verb"], ["affright", "affright"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To fill with fear; to affright."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"english": "Edmund, Æthelstan's brother · / after him was king · / [He was a] good man and feared · God through all things ·", "ref": "[1297, Robert of Gloucester, “Edmond”, in William Aldis Wright, editor, The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester. […] (Rerum Britannicarum Medii Aevi Scriptores; no. 86), part I (in Middle English), London: Printed for Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, […], published 1887, →OCLC, page 408:", "text": "Edmond aþelstones broþer · after him was king · / Godmon & doutede · god þoru alle þing ·", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “December. Ægloga Duodecima.”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Iohn Wolfe for Iohn Harrison the yonger, […], →OCLC, folio 49, recto:", "text": "Whilome in youth, when flowred my ioyfull ſpring, / Like ſwallow ſwift I wandred here and there: / For heat of heedleſſe luſt me ſo did ſting, / That I of doubted daunger had no feare.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shake-speare, The Tragicall Historie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: […] (First Quarto), London: […] [Valentine Simmes] for N[icholas] L[ing] and Iohn Trundell, published 1603, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:", "text": "Well, all's not well. I doubt some foule play, [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1798 February 27, William Short, “From William Short, 27 February [letter to Thomas Jefferson]”, in Barbara B. Oberg, editor, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, volume 30 (1 January 1798 to 31 January 1799), Princeton, N.J., Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, published 2003, →ISBN, page 152:", "text": "[H]ow many good Christians are there, who consider themselves the beloved of Christ & the invariable followers of his gospel, who with all his precepts in their mind go to Africa, wrest the mother from the infant—the father from the wife—chain them to the whip & lash, they & their posterity for ever, nay hold this scourge in their own hand & inflict it with all the gout of their abominable appetites, & who do not doubt that they are violating the whole doctrine of the author of their religion—To what absurdities may not the human mind bring itself when this can be thought by them less offensive to God, than eating meat on a friday?—", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1819 July 15, [Lord Byron], Don Juan, London: […] Thomas Davison, […], →OCLC, canto I, stanza CLXXXVI, page 96:", "text": "At last, as they more faintly wrestling lay, / Juan contrived to give an awkward blow, / And then his only garment quite gave way; / He fled, like Joseph, leaving it; but there, / I doubt, all likeness ends between the pair.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1861, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter XXI, in Silas Marner: The Weaver of Raveloe, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, part II, page 357:", "text": "I shall never know whether they got at the truth o' the robbery, nor whether Mr Paston could ha' given me any light about the drawing o' the lots. It's dark to me, Mrs Winthrop, that is; I doubt it'll be dark to the last.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To dread, to fear."], "links": [["transitive", "transitive"], ["intransitive", "intransitive"], ["dread", "dread#Verb"], ["fear", "fear#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To dread, to fear."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "dout", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/daʊt/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-us-doubt.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg/En-us-doubt.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊt/", "tags": ["Canada"]}, {"rhymes": "-aʊt"}, {"homophone": "dought"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šakka", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "شَكَّ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "kaskacel", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "կասկածել"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "tarakusel", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "տարակուսել"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "varanel", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "վարանել"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "erkmtel", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "երկմտել"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "erkbayel", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "երկբայել"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "erkbayanal", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "երկբայանալ"}, {"code": "ast", "lang": "Asturian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dudar"}, {"code": "ast", "lang": "Asturian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "duldar"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "şiklənew", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "шикләнеү"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "şöbhələnew", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "шөбһәләнеү"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ikelənew", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "икеләнеү"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "duda egin"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "zalantza egin"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "zalantzatu"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "sumnjavácca", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "сумнява́цца"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "sǎmnjávam se", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "съмня́вам се"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubtar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "huáiyí", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "懷疑 /怀疑"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "pochybovat"}, {"code": "dlm", "lang": "Dalmatian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dobitur"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "betvivle"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "tvivle"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "betwijfelen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "twijfelen"}, {"code": "ovd", "lang": "Elfdalian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "twivel"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubi"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kõhklema"}, {"code": "fan", "lang": "Fang (Bantu)", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "ásóo"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "ivast"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "epäillä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kyseenalaistaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "douter"}, {"code": "frm", "lang": "Middle French", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubiter"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubidar"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "daeč̣veba", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "დაეჭვება"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "eč̣vis šeṭana", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "ეჭვის შეტანა"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "bezweifeln"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "zweifeln"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "amfivállo", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "αμφιβάλλω"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "apistéō", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "ἀπιστέω"}, {"code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "qularpoq"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lefakpek", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "לְפַקפֵּק"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "sandeh karnā", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "संदेह करना"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kételkedik"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kétell"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kétségbe von"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "megkérdőjelez"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "efa"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "efast"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubitar"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "bimbang"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "meragukan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "ragu"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "ragu akan"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubitare"}, {"alt": "うたがう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "utagau", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "疑う"}, {"alt": "いぶかしむ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "ibukashimu", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "訝しむ"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "diskunfia"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "deskonfiá"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "sɑɑsɑngsay", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "សង្ស័យ"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "uisimhada", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "의심하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubito"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "šaubīties"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "abejoti"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dvejoti"}, {"code": "lb", "lang": "Luxembourgish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "zweiwelen"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "se somneva", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "се сомнева"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "saṁśayikkuka", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "സംശയിക്കുക"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kumukumu"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "raupeka"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "sežiglex", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "сэжиглэх"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ergelzex", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "эргэлзэх"}, {"code": "se", "lang": "Northern Sami", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "eahpidit"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "tvile"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "tvila"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "twēoġan"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "wątpić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zwątpić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "powątpiewać"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "duvidar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "avea dubii"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "se îndoi"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubitar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "note": "сомнева́ться impf (somnevátʹsja) (в + prepositional case)", "sense": "to lack confidence in"}, {"code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "śaṅke", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "शङ्के"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "cuir teagamh"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "сумњати"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["Roman", "imperfective"], "word": "sumnjati"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "pochybovať"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "dvomiti"}, {"code": "hsb", "lang": "Upper Sorbian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dwělować"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dudar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "-shuku"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "tvivla"}, {"code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "alinlangan"}, {"code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "duda"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "sandēhiñcu", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "సందేహించు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "śaṅkiñcu", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "శంకించు"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "sǒng-sǎi", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "สงสัย"}, {"code": "txb", "lang": "Tocharian B", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "klänk-"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "şüphelenmek"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kuşkulanmak"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "sumnivátysja", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "сумніва́тися"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "nghi ngờ"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "amau"}], "word": "doubt"}

doubt (English verb) doubt/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "note": "сомнева́ться impf (somnevátʹsja) (в + prepositional case)", "sense": "to lack confidence in"}: {"categories": ["American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts", "English contranyms", "English countable nouns", "English entries with etymology trees", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English reporting verbs", "English stative verbs", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰeh₁bʰ-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/aʊt", "Rhymes:English/aʊt/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with American Sign Language translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Aragonese translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bhojpuri translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Elfdalian translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Fang (Bantu) translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Hanunoo translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kabuverdianu translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Middle French translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old French translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations"], "derived": [{"word": "doubtable"}, {"word": "doubter"}, {"word": "doubting"}, {"word": "doubtingly"}, {"word": "doubting Thomas"}, {"word": "doubting Thomasina"}, {"word": "undoubted"}, {"word": "undoubtedly"}, {"word": "undoubting"}, {"word": "undoubtingly"}], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "inh", "3": "enm>douten>to doubt", "4": "enm>doute>doubt", "5": "influence", "6": "dubious>questionable", "7": "la>dubitō>to doubt", "id": "to hesitate", "tree": "1"}, "expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin dubō\nLatin -itō\nLatin dubitō\nOld French doterbor.\nMiddle English douten\nOld French doter\nOld French doutebor.\nMiddle English doute\nLatin dubiusbor.\nEnglish dubiousinflu.\nLatin dubitōinflu.\nEnglish doubt", "name": "etymon"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "douten", "t": "to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence"}, "expansion": "Middle English douten (“to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "doubt, doubten, dought, doughten, douti, douʒte, dut, duten, duti", "otherforms": "1"}, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..."}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "douter"}, "expansion": "Old French douter", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "frm", "2": "doubter"}, "expansion": "Middle French doubter", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "dubitō", "4": "dubitāre", "t": "to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder"}, "expansion": "Latin dubitāre (“to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dwóh₁", "t": "two"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-", "t": "to grab, take"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "dout"}, "expansion": "Middle English dout", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "dewt, dote, doubt, doubte, dought, doughte, douthe, douʒte, douȝt, douȝte, dowght, dowt, dowte, dut, dute", "otherforms": "1"}, "expansion": "[and other forms]", "name": "nb..."}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "doute"}, "expansion": "Old French doute", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "frm", "2": "doubter"}, "expansion": "Middle French doubter", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fr", "2": "douter", "t": "to doubt; to suspect"}, "expansion": "French douter (“to doubt; to suspect”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "1"}, "expansion": "¹", "name": "sup"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "twēo", "3": "", "4": "doubt"}, "expansion": "Old English twēo (“doubt”)", "name": "noncog"}], "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nLatin dubō\nLatin -itō\nLatin dubitō\nOld French doterbor.\nMiddle English douten\nOld French doter\nOld French doutebor.\nMiddle English doute\nLatin dubiusbor.\nEnglish dubiousinflu.\nLatin dubitōinflu.\nEnglish doubt\nThe verb is derived from Middle English douten (“to be in doubt, feel unsure; to be afraid or worried; to hesitate; to be confused; to have respect or reverence”) [and other forms], from Old French douter, doter, duter (compare Middle French doubter), from Latin dubitāre (“to be uncertain, doubt; to hesitate, waver in coming to an opinion; to consider, ponder”); the further etymology is uncertain, but one theory is that dubitō may be derived from dubius (“fluctuating, wavering; doubtful, dubious, uncertain”), from duhibius (“held as two”), from duo (“two”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”)) + habeō (“to have, hold”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)). Although the Middle English form of the word was spelled without a b, this letter was later introduced through the influence of the Latin words dubitāre and dubitō. However, the English word continued to be pronounced without the b sound.\nThe noun is derived from Middle English dout, doute (“uncertain feeling; questionable point; hesitation; anxiety, fear; reverence, respect; something to be feared, danger;”) [and other forms],\nfrom Old French doute, dote, dute (“uncertain feeling, doubt”), from doter, douter, duter (“to doubt; to be afraid of, fear”) (compare Middle French doubter; modern French douter (“to doubt; to suspect”)); see further etymology above.\nDisplaced Old English twēo (“doubt”) and twēoġan (“to doubt”).", "forms": [{"form": "doubts", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "doubting", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "doubted", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "doubted", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "doubt (third-person singular simple present doubts, present participle doubting, simple past and past participle doubted)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "dubiety"}, {"word": "dubious"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "He doubted that was really what you meant.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "I had no wish to go, though I doubt if they would have noticed me even if I had.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "[1552?], Erasmus of Roterdame, “The Seconde Rule. Capitulo x.”, in [William Tyndale], transl., Enchiridion Militis Christiani, which maye be Called in Englishe, the Hansome Weapon of a Christian Knight, […], imprinted at London: […] [B]y [J. Day (?) for] Abraham Ueale, →OCLC:", "text": "Ther be but two wayes onely. The one whiche by followyng the affections ledeth to perdicion. The other whyche throughe the mortifyenge of the fleſhe: ledeth to lyfe, why doubteſt thou in thy ſelf: There is no thyrde way.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “The Generall Argument of the Whole Booke”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Hugh Singleton, […], →OCLC:", "text": "For they be not termed Eclogues, but Æglogues, vvhich ſentence this authour very vvell obſeruing, vpon good iudgement, though indeede fevv Goteheards haue to doe herein, netheleſſe doubteth not to cal thẽ by the vſed and beſt knovven name.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1585 September 9, “How a Man may Ivdge or Discerne of Him Self, vvhether He be a True Christian or Not. […]”, in A Christian Directorie Gviding Men to Their Salvation. Devided into Three Bookes. […], [Rouen]: [s.n.], →OCLC, pages 316–317:", "text": "And as for that faith, vvhich is vvithout vvorkes, and yet ſeemeth to thes men to be ſufficient for their ſaluation; he proteſteth, that it is ſo vnprofitable, as he doubteth not to ſaye of hymſelf; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"english": "The New Arcadia", "ref": "c. 1580 (date written), Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “(please specify the folio)”, in [Fulke Greville; Matthew Gwinne; John Florio], editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC:", "text": "For never (I thinke) was there any woman, that with more unremovable determinatiõ gave her selfe to the coũcell of Love, after she had once set before her mind the worthines of your cousin Amphialus; & yet is nether her wisdome doubted of, nor honour blemished.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1594, Richard Hooker, “The Second Booke. Concerning Their First Position who Vrge Reformation in the Church of England: Namely, that Scripture is the Only Rule of All Things which in this Life may be Done by Men.”, in Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, Eight Bookes, London: Printed by William Stansbye, published 1622, →OCLC, page 73:", "text": "Now it is not required nor can be exacted at our hands, that we ſhould yeeld vnto any thing other aſſent, then ſuch as doth anſwer the euidence which is to be had of that wee aſſent to. For which cauſe euen in matters diuine, concerning ſome things we may lawfully doubt and ſuſpend our iudgement, inclining neyther to one ſide or other, [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London: […] Nath[aniel] Ponder […], →OCLC; reprinted in The Pilgrim’s Progress as Originally Published by John Bunyan: Being a Fac-simile Reproduction of the First Edition, London: Elliot Stock […], 1875, →OCLC, page 33:", "text": "He that will enter in muſt firſt without / Stand knocking at the Gate, nor need he doubt / That is a knocker but to enter in; / For God can love him, and forgive his ſin.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act III, page 39:", "text": "Have I not manag'd my contrivance well, / To try your Love and make you doubt of mine?", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1913 June, J[ohn] A[rthur] R[ansome] Marriott, “The Problem of Poverty”, in The Nineteenth Century and After: A Monthly Review, volume LXXIII, number CCCCXXXVI, New York, N.Y.: Leonard Scott Publication Co.; London: Spottiswoode & Co. Ltd., printers, →OCLC, section III, page 1262:", "text": "As to the efficacy of such legislation and taxation a word may be said. No one doubts that it is possible, by the employment of such methods, to make the rich poorer. [...] But the really important question—for all serious-minded inquirers—is whether the employment of these weapons will diminish the poverty or increase the prosperity of the relatively poor.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1915, [Gertrude Antoinette Woodcock Seibert], “The Changed Cross”, in Poems of Dawn, New York, N.Y., London: Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, →OCLC, page 170:", "text": "And thus no longer trusting to His might, / Who saith we \"walk by faith and not by sight,\" / Doubting, and almost yielding to despair, / The thought arose—My cross I cannot bear.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1921 August, Howard P. Rockey, “The Doubting Thomas”, in Orison Swett Marden, editor, The New Success: Marden’s Magazine: A Magazine of Optimism, Self-help and Encouragement, volume V, number 8, New York, N.Y.: Lowrey-Marden Corporation, →OCLC, part I, page 76, column 2:", "text": "\"Your philosophy is very pretty,\" Tom Douty said slowly, \"but I can't help doubting that this is not the right time to start the new business.\"", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1979, John Iliffe, “The Crisis of Colonial Society, 1929–45”, in A Modern History of Tanganyika (African Studies Series; 25), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, published 1994, →ISBN, page 342:", "text": "[B]oth colonisers and colonised lost faith in the colonisers' vision of the future. Europeans doubted whether their aims were attainable; Africans doubted whether they were desirable.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011, Kent Koppelman, “Diversity and Discrimination: The Argument over Affirmative Action”, in The Great Diversity Debate: Embracing Pluralism in School and Society, New York, N.Y.: Teachers College Press, →ISBN, page 99:", "text": "In one study, 60% of Black students believed that their academic abilities were doubted by their White peers, and 60% felt that their White professors doubted them as well.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2020 May 15, Robert Frost, Delphi Complete Works of Robert Frost (Illustrated) (Delphi Poets Series), Delphi Classics, →ISBN, →OCLC:", "text": "We may doubt the just proportion of good to ill.\nThere is much in nature against us. But we forget:\nTake nature altogether since time began,\nIncluding human nature, in peace and war,\nAnd it must be a little more in favor of man,[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To be undecided about; to lack confidence in; to disbelieve, to question."], "links": [["transitive", "transitive"], ["intransitive", "intransitive"], ["undecided", "undecided"], ["lack", "lack#Verb"], ["confidence", "confidence"], ["disbelieve", "disbelieve"], ["question", "question#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, intransitive) To be undecided about; to lack confidence in; to disbelieve, to question."], "synonyms": [{"word": "distrust"}, {"word": "mistrust"}], "tags": ["intransitive", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Scottish English"], "examples": [{"ref": "1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London: […] Nath[aniel] Ponder […], →OCLC, page 40:", "text": "I walk by the Rule of my Maſter, you walk by the rude working of your fancies. You are counted thieves already, by the Lord of the way; therefore, I doubt you will not be found true men at the end of the way.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1815, Walter Scott, “Notes to Canto Second”, in The Lord of the Isles, a Poem, Edinburgh: […] [F]or Archibald Constable and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; by James Ballantyne and Co., […], →OCLC, note VIII, page xlviii:", "text": "Rushing to the door of the church, [Robert the] Bruce met two powerful barons, [Roger de] Kirkpatrick of Closeburn, and James de Lindsay, who eagerly asked him what tidings? \"Bad tidings,\" answered Bruce, \"I doubt I have slain [John] Comyn.\" \"Doubtest thou?\" said Kirkpatrick, \"I make sicker\" (i.e. sure.) With these words, he and Lindsay rushed into the church, and dispatched the wounded Comyn.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To harbour suspicion about; suspect."], "links": [["harbour", "harbour#Verb"], ["suspicion", "suspicion"], ["suspect", "suspect#Verb"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside Scotland", "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, archaic outside Scotland) To harbour suspicion about; suspect."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1596, Philippe de Commynes, The historie of Philip de Commines Knight, Lord of Argenton, London: Ar. Hatfield, pages 50-51:", "text": "The rest of his horsemen the Duke sent to his campe, bicause they heard a great noise there, and doubted the enimies sally, and indeede they had issued foorth thrise, but were alwaies repulsed, especially through the valiantns of the English men that the Duke left there behind him [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1810, Walter Scott, “Canto V. The Combat.”, in The Lady of the Lake; […], Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for John Ballantyne and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, and William Miller, →OCLC, stanza XI, page 196:", "text": "Fear naught—nay, that I need not say— / But—doubt not aught from mine array. / Thou art my guest;—I pledged my word / As far as Coilantogle ford: [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To anticipate with dread or fear; to apprehend."], "links": [["anticipate", "anticipate"], ["dread", "dread#Noun"], ["fear", "fear#Noun"], ["apprehend", "apprehend"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, archaic) To anticipate with dread or fear; to apprehend."], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "c. 1613 (first performance), John Fletcher, “The Tragedie of Bonduca”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act I, scene ii, page 51, column 1:", "text": "I'll tell ye all my fears, one ſingle valour, / the vertues of the valiant Caratach / more doubts me then all Britain: [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To fill with fear; to affright."], "links": [["fill", "fill#Verb"], ["affright", "affright"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To fill with fear; to affright."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"english": "Edmund, Æthelstan's brother · / after him was king · / [He was a] good man and feared · God through all things ·", "ref": "[1297, Robert of Gloucester, “Edmond”, in William Aldis Wright, editor, The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester. […] (Rerum Britannicarum Medii Aevi Scriptores; no. 86), part I (in Middle English), London: Printed for Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, […], published 1887, →OCLC, page 408:", "text": "Edmond aþelstones broþer · after him was king · / Godmon & doutede · god þoru alle þing ·", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “December. Ægloga Duodecima.”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Iohn Wolfe for Iohn Harrison the yonger, […], →OCLC, folio 49, recto:", "text": "Whilome in youth, when flowred my ioyfull ſpring, / Like ſwallow ſwift I wandred here and there: / For heat of heedleſſe luſt me ſo did ſting, / That I of doubted daunger had no feare.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shake-speare, The Tragicall Historie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: […] (First Quarto), London: […] [Valentine Simmes] for N[icholas] L[ing] and Iohn Trundell, published 1603, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:", "text": "Well, all's not well. I doubt some foule play, [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1798 February 27, William Short, “From William Short, 27 February [letter to Thomas Jefferson]”, in Barbara B. Oberg, editor, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, volume 30 (1 January 1798 to 31 January 1799), Princeton, N.J., Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, published 2003, →ISBN, page 152:", "text": "[H]ow many good Christians are there, who consider themselves the beloved of Christ & the invariable followers of his gospel, who with all his precepts in their mind go to Africa, wrest the mother from the infant—the father from the wife—chain them to the whip & lash, they & their posterity for ever, nay hold this scourge in their own hand & inflict it with all the gout of their abominable appetites, & who do not doubt that they are violating the whole doctrine of the author of their religion—To what absurdities may not the human mind bring itself when this can be thought by them less offensive to God, than eating meat on a friday?—", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1819 July 15, [Lord Byron], Don Juan, London: […] Thomas Davison, […], →OCLC, canto I, stanza CLXXXVI, page 96:", "text": "At last, as they more faintly wrestling lay, / Juan contrived to give an awkward blow, / And then his only garment quite gave way; / He fled, like Joseph, leaving it; but there, / I doubt, all likeness ends between the pair.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1861, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter XXI, in Silas Marner: The Weaver of Raveloe, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, part II, page 357:", "text": "I shall never know whether they got at the truth o' the robbery, nor whether Mr Paston could ha' given me any light about the drawing o' the lots. It's dark to me, Mrs Winthrop, that is; I doubt it'll be dark to the last.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To dread, to fear."], "links": [["transitive", "transitive"], ["intransitive", "intransitive"], ["dread", "dread#Verb"], ["fear", "fear#Verb"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To dread, to fear."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "dout", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/daʊt/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-us-doubt.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg/En-us-doubt.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/En-us-doubt.ogg"}, {"ipa": "/dʌʊt/", "tags": ["Canada"]}, {"rhymes": "-aʊt"}, {"homophone": "dought"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šakka", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "شَكَّ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "kaskacel", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "կասկածել"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "tarakusel", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "տարակուսել"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "varanel", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "վարանել"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "erkmtel", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "երկմտել"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "erkbayel", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "երկբայել"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "erkbayanal", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "երկբայանալ"}, {"code": "ast", "lang": "Asturian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dudar"}, {"code": "ast", "lang": "Asturian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "duldar"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "şiklənew", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "шикләнеү"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "şöbhələnew", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "шөбһәләнеү"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ikelənew", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "икеләнеү"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "duda egin"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "zalantza egin"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "zalantzatu"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "sumnjavácca", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "сумнява́цца"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "sǎmnjávam se", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "съмня́вам се"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubtar"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "huáiyí", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "懷疑 /怀疑"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "pochybovat"}, {"code": "dlm", "lang": "Dalmatian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dobitur"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "betvivle"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "tvivle"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "betwijfelen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "twijfelen"}, {"code": "ovd", "lang": "Elfdalian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "twivel"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubi"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kõhklema"}, {"code": "fan", "lang": "Fang (Bantu)", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "ásóo"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "ivast"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "epäillä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kyseenalaistaa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "douter"}, {"code": "frm", "lang": "Middle French", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubiter"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubidar"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "daeč̣veba", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "დაეჭვება"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "eč̣vis šeṭana", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "ეჭვის შეტანა"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "bezweifeln"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "zweifeln"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "amfivállo", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "αμφιβάλλω"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "apistéō", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "ἀπιστέω"}, {"code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "qularpoq"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lefakpek", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "לְפַקפֵּק"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "sandeh karnā", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "संदेह करना"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kételkedik"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kétell"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kétségbe von"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "megkérdőjelez"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "efa"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "efast"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubitar"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "bimbang"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "meragukan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "ragu"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "ragu akan"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubitare"}, {"alt": "うたがう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "utagau", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "疑う"}, {"alt": "いぶかしむ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "ibukashimu", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "訝しむ"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "diskunfia"}, {"code": "kea", "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "deskonfiá"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "sɑɑsɑngsay", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "សង្ស័យ"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "uisimhada", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "의심하다"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubito"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "šaubīties"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "abejoti"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dvejoti"}, {"code": "lb", "lang": "Luxembourgish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "zweiwelen"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "se somneva", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "се сомнева"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "saṁśayikkuka", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "സംശയിക്കുക"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kumukumu"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "raupeka"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "sežiglex", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "сэжиглэх"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ergelzex", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "эргэлзэх"}, {"code": "se", "lang": "Northern Sami", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "eahpidit"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "tvile"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "tvila"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "twēoġan"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "wątpić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zwątpić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "powątpiewać"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "duvidar"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "avea dubii"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "se îndoi"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dubitar"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "note": "сомнева́ться impf (somnevátʹsja) (в + prepositional case)", "sense": "to lack confidence in"}, {"code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "śaṅke", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "शङ्के"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "cuir teagamh"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "сумњати"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["Roman", "imperfective"], "word": "sumnjati"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "pochybovať"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "dvomiti"}, {"code": "hsb", "lang": "Upper Sorbian", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dwělować"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "dudar"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "-shuku"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "tvivla"}, {"code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "alinlangan"}, {"code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "duda"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "sandēhiñcu", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "సందేహించు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "śaṅkiñcu", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "శంకించు"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "sǒng-sǎi", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "สงสัย"}, {"code": "txb", "lang": "Tocharian B", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "klänk-"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "şüphelenmek"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "kuşkulanmak"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "sumnivátysja", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "сумніва́тися"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "nghi ngờ"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "to lack confidence in", "word": "amau"}], "word": "doubt"}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.