Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

spring/English/verb

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spring/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Eastern Min terms with redundant transliterations", "English class 3 strong verbs", "English clippings", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English irregular verbs", "English lemmas", "English links with redundant alt parameters", "English links with redundant wikilinks", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", "Entries with translation boxes", "Lubuagan Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Middle Korean terms with redundant transliterations", "Pages with 13 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi", "Requests for review of French translations", "Requests for review of Georgian translations", "Requests for review of German translations", "Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations", "Requests for translations into Dhivehi", "Requests for translations into Dzongkha", "Requests for translations into Nepali", "Requests for translations into Sikkimese", "Requests for translations into Tamil", "Rhymes:English/ɪŋ", "Rhymes:English/ɪŋ/1 syllable", "Southern Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Adyghe translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Aragonese translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Atayal translations", "Terms with Atong (India) translations", "Terms with Avar translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Baluchi translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Brunei Malay translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Buryat translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Classical Mandaic translations", "Terms with Classical Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Classical Syriac translations", "Terms with Coptic translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dungan translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Bontoc translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with Franco-Provençal translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gan translations", "Terms with Garo translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German Low German translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Guaraní translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Gurani translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Higaonon translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Hunsrik translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Ilocano translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Jeju translations", "Terms with Jin translations", "Terms with Kabyle translations", "Terms with Kalmyk translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "Terms with Karelian translations", "Terms with Kashaya translations", "Terms with Kashmiri translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khakas translations", "Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Klamath-Modoc translations", "Terms with Komi-Permyak translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Laki translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lezgi translations", "Terms with Ligurian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Livonian translations", "Terms with Louisiana Creole translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Lubuagan Kalinga translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malagasy translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Mansaka translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Meänkieli translations", "Terms with Middle English translations", "Terms with Middle Korean translations", "Terms with Minangkabau translations", "Terms with Mingrelian translations", "Terms with Mirandese translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Montagnais translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Muong translations", "Terms with Mòcheno translations", "Terms with Nanai translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Nivkh translations", "Terms with Nogai translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Mansi translations", "Terms with Northern Min translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old French translations", "Terms with Old Norse translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Phoenician translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romani translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Samoan translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Saterland Frisian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Shan translations", "Terms with Shor translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Southern Kalinga translations", "Terms with Southern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Southern Sami translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tahitian translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Talysh translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tarifit translations", "Terms with Tat translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuwali Ifugao translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Ulch translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Veps translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Votic translations", "Terms with Võro translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Winnebago translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xhosa translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yagnobi translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "en:Calendar", "en:Cattle", "en:Gaits", "en:Landforms", "en:Masonry", "en:Musical instruments", "en:Seasons", "en:Tides", "en:Water"], "derived": [{"word": "hope springs eternal"}, {"word": "outspring"}, {"word": "overspring"}, {"word": "respring"}, {"word": "spring a butt"}, {"word": "spring a leak"}, {"word": "spring an arch"}, {"word": "spring at"}, {"word": "springel"}, {"word": "springer"}, {"word": "spring for"}, {"word": "spring forth"}, {"word": "spring-hare"}, {"word": "spring in"}, {"word": "springing"}, {"word": "spring into action"}, {"word": "spring-jack"}, {"word": "spring-lobster"}, {"word": "spring loose"}, {"word": "spring on"}, {"word": "spring out"}, {"word": "spring the luff"}, {"word": "spring to life"}, {"word": "spring to mind"}, {"word": "spring to somebody's defence"}, {"word": "spring-tree"}, {"word": "spring up"}, {"word": "sprung rhyme"}, {"word": "upspring"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "springen"}, "expansion": "Middle English springen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "springan", "t": "to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out"}, "expansion": "Old English springan (“to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*springan"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *springan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*springaną", "t": "to burst forth"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *springaną (“to burst forth”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*spre(n)ǵʰ-", "t": "to move, race, spring"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spre(n)ǵʰ- (“to move, race, spring”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "West Frisian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "Dutch springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "German Low German springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "German springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Danish springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "springa"}, "expansion": "Swedish springa", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Norwegian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "springa"}, "expansion": "Faroese springa", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "springa", "t": "to burst, explode"}, "expansion": "Icelandic springa (“to burst, explode”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "lt", "2": "spreñgti", "3": "", "4": "to push (in)"}, "expansion": "Lithuanian spreñgti (“to push (in)”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "прѧсти", "3": "", "4": "to spin, to stretch"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic прѧсти (pręsti, “to spin, to stretch”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "spargere", "3": "", "4": "to sprinkle, to scatter"}, "expansion": "Latin spargere (“to sprinkle, to scatter”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "σπέρχω", "3": "", "4": "to hasten"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek σπέρχω (spérkhō, “to hasten”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sa", "2": "स्पृहयति", "3": "", "4": "to be eager", "tr": "spṛháyati"}, "expansion": "Sanskrit स्पृहयति (spṛháyati, “to be eager”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English springen, from Old English springan (“to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out”), from Proto-West Germanic *springan, from Proto-Germanic *springaną (“to burst forth”), from Proto-Indo-European *spre(n)ǵʰ- (“to move, race, spring”), from *sper- (“to jerk, twitch, snap, shove”).\ncognates\n* Saterland Frisian springe\n* West Frisian springe\n* Dutch springen\n* German Low German springen\n* German springen\n* Danish springe\n* Swedish springa\n* Norwegian springe\n* Faroese springa\n* Icelandic springa (“to burst, explode”).\nOther possible cognates include Lithuanian spreñgti (“to push (in)”), Old Church Slavonic прѧсти (pręsti, “to spin, to stretch”), Latin spargere (“to sprinkle, to scatter”), Ancient Greek σπέρχω (spérkhō, “to hasten”), Sanskrit स्पृहयति (spṛháyati, “to be eager”). Some newer senses derived from the noun.", "forms": [{"form": "springs", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "springing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "sprang", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "sprung", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "sprung", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["table-tags"]}, {"form": "en-conj", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["inflection-template"]}, {"form": "spring", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["infinitive"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "springs", "2": "springing", "3": "sprang", "4": "sprung", "past2": "sprung"}, "expansion": "spring (third-person singular simple present springs, present participle springing, simple past sprang or sprung, past participle sprung)", "name": "en-verb"}], "inflection_templates": [{"args": {"1": "spring", "note1": "Nonstandard.", "past": "sprang", "past2": "sprung", "past2_qual": "note1", "past_ptc": "sprung"}, "name": "en-conj"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "sprang"}, {"word": "springwort"}, {"word": "sprung"}, {"word": "to-spring"}, {"word": "unspring"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Judges 19:25:", "text": "...so the man tooke his concubine, and brought her foorth vnto them, and they knew her, and abused her all the night vntil the morning: and when the day began to spring, they let her goe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1682, Thomas Otway, Venice Preserv’d, or, A Plot Discover’d. A Tragedy. […], London: […] Jos[eph] Hindmarsh […], →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 4:", "text": "Home I would go,\n But that my Dores are hatefull to my eyes.\n Fill'd and damm'd up with gaping Creditors,\n Watchfull as Fowlers when their Game will ſpring; […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To appear."], "links": [["appear", "appear"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To appear."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 38:25–27:", "text": "Who hath diuided a water-course for the ouerflowing of waters? or a way for the lightning of thunder,\nTo cause it to raine on the earth, where no man is: on the wildernesse wherein there is no man?\nTo satisfie the desolate and waste ground, and to cause the bud of the tender herbe to spring forth.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1813, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Canto V”, in Queen Mab; […], London: […] P. B. Shelley, […], →OCLC, page 61:", "text": "Commerce! beneath whose poison-breathing shade\n No solitary virtue dares to spring, […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1936, Dale Carnegie, How to Win Friends and Influence People, page 42:", "text": "Dr. Sigmund Freud... says that everything you and I do springs from two motives: the sex urge and the desire to be great.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1974, James Albert Michener, Centennial, page 338:", "text": "There was moisture in the ground, and from it sprang a million flowers, gold and blue and brown and red.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2006, N. Roberts, Morrigann's Cross, section VI:", "text": "Foxglove sprang tall and purple among the trees.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout."], "links": [["grow", "grow"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout.", "To mature."], "links": [["grow", "grow"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout.", "(UK dialectal) To mature."], "tags": ["UK", "dialectal", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To arise, to come into existence."], "links": [["arise", "arise"], ["come", "come"], ["existence", "existence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(figurative) To arise, to come into existence."], "synonyms": [{"word": "arise"}, {"word": "form"}, {"word": "take shape"}], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He hit the gas and the car sprang to life.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To enliven."], "links": [["enliven", "enliven"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(sometimes figurative) To enliven."], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive", "sometimes"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "Deer spring with their hind legs, using their front hooves to steady themselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "c. 1250, Life of St Margaret, Trin. Col. MS B.14.39 (323), f. 22v", "text": "...into helle spring..."}, {"ref": "1474, William Caxton, transl., Game and Playe of the Chesse, iii, vii, 141:", "text": "Ye kynge... sprange out of his chare and resseyuyd them worshipfully.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1722, Ambrose Philips, The Briton:", "text": "...the Mountain Stag, that springs\nFrom Height to Height, and bounds along the Plains,\nNor has a Master to restrain his Course...", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1827, Clement Clarke Moore, (A Visit from St. Nicholas):", "text": "...out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,\nI sprang from my bed to see what was the matter.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "However, with the dainty volume my quondam friend sprang into fame. At the same time he cast off the chrysalis of a commonplace existence.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1912, Edgar Rice Burroughs, chapter 5, in Tarzan of the Apes:", "text": "Thus she advanced; her belly low, almost touching the surface of the ground—a great cat preparing to spring upon its prey.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011 April 11, The Atlantic:", "text": "Reporters sprang to the conclusion that the speech would make detailed new commitments...", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To move with great speed and energy."], "links": [["move", "move"], ["great", "great"], ["speed", "speed"], ["energy", "energy"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(figurative, usually with cardinal adverbs) To move with great speed and energy."], "raw_tags": ["with cardinal adverbs"], "synonyms": [{"word": "bound"}, {"word": "jump"}, {"word": "leap"}], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He sprang from peasant stock.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2008, George McCandless, The ABCs of RBCs, Harvard University Press, page 7:", "text": "From this basis, a first-order difference equation for the evolution of capital per worker is found, and the time path of the economy springs from this equation.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To be born, descend, or originate from"], "links": [["be born", "be born"], ["descend", "descend"], ["originate", "originate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(usually with from) To be born, descend, or originate from"], "raw_tags": ["with from"], "tags": ["intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To rise in social position or military rank, to be promoted."], "links": [["rise", "rise"], ["social", "social"], ["position", "position"], ["military", "military"], ["rank", "rank"], ["promoted", "promoted"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(obsolete) To rise in social position or military rank, to be promoted."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "c. 1540, Livy, translated by John Bellenden, History of Rome, Vol. I, i, xxii, p. 125:", "text": "...þe wound þat was springand with huge stremes of blude...", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "The boat sprang a leak and began to sink.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth."], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cause to spring (all senses)."], "links": [["cause", "cause"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cause to spring (all senses)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He sprang the trap.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1625, Samuel Purchas, Purchas His Pilgrimes, Vol. II, x, ix:", "text": "They sprung another Mine... wherein was placed about sixtie Barrels of Powder.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1747, The London Magazine, Or, Gentleman's Monthly Intelligencer:", "text": "On the 23d, the Besiegers sprung a Mine under the Salient Angle, upon the Right of the Haif Moon, which had the desired Success, the Enemy's Gallery on that Side, and the Mason-Work of the Counterscarp, being thereby demolished.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To cause to spring (all senses).", "To cause to work or open by sudden application of pressure."], "links": [["cause", "cause"], ["work", "work"], ["open", "open"], ["sudden", "sudden"], ["application", "application"], ["pressure", "pressure"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cause to spring (all senses).", "(of mechanisms) To cause to work or open by sudden application of pressure."], "raw_tags": ["of mechanisms"], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1585, Nicolas De Nicolay, translated by Thomas Washington, The Navigations, Peregrinations, and Voyages, Made into Turkie..., Bk. IV, p. 154:", "text": "...[they] sought the fairest stoned horses to spring their mares...", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To breed with, to impregnate."], "links": [["breed", "breed"], ["impregnate", "impregnate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, of horses) To breed with, to impregnate."], "raw_tags": ["of horses"], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To wetten, to moisten."], "links": [["wetten", "wetten"], ["moisten", "moisten"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To wetten, to moisten."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1698, François Froger, A Relation of a Voyage Made... on the Coasts of Africa, page 30:", "text": "On the 22nd the mines sprang, and took very good effect.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To burst into pieces, to explode, to shatter."], "links": [["burst", "burst"], ["piece", "piece"], ["explode", "explode"], ["shatter", "shatter"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, now usually with \"apart\" or \"open\") To burst into pieces, to explode, to shatter."], "raw_tags": ["with \"apart\" or \"open\""], "tags": ["intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "en:Military"], "examples": [{"ref": "2012 April 21, Sydney Morning Herald, page 5:", "text": "The whole contraption appears liable to spring apart at any moment.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To go off."], "links": [["military", "military"], ["go off", "go off"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, military) To go off."], "tags": ["obsolete"], "topics": ["government", "military", "politics", "war"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Nautical"], "examples": [{"ref": "1582 August 2, Richard Madox, diary", "text": "The Edward sprang hir foremast."}], "glosses": ["To crack."], "links": [["nautical", "nautical"], ["crack", "crack"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, nautical, usually perfective) To crack."], "tags": ["intransitive", "perfective", "usually"], "topics": ["nautical", "transport"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To surprise by sudden or deft action."], "links": [["surprise", "surprise"], ["sudden", "sudden"], ["deft", "deft"], ["action", "action"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, figurative) To surprise by sudden or deft action."], "tags": ["figuratively", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1921, Field and Stream, page 832:", "text": "For generations of men the springer spaniel has been looked upon as the dog for springing pheasants in covert and finding and retrieving dead birds or winged runners when ordered to do so. The properly broken dog will not chase, but drop to wing and shot.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1940, Allen A. Day, “Dachsunds for Woodchucks”, in Dwight Williams Huntington, editor, The Game Breeder and Sportsman, page 94:", "text": "[…] by the beginning of this century a still smaller breed, with a weight of 4 of 5 pounds and a chest measurement of around 12 inches, had come into being for springing rabbits. Such, then, is a rough, quick ancestral picture of our modern Dachshund, and[…]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2003 August 1, Dennis Walrod, Grouse Hunter's Guide: Solid Facts, Insights, and Observations on How to Hunt Ruffled Grouse, Stackpole Books, →ISBN:", "text": "I winter, ruffed grouse sometimes roost at night on the ground under the insulating snow. Even during the midday hours, I have often flushed grouse out from under the snow-bowed branches of \"buck-brush,\" the type of environment where a hunter would more likely expect to spring a rabbit or two.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To come upon and flush out."], "links": [["come upon", "come upon"], ["flush out", "flush out"]]}, {"categories": ["Australian English", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1980, John Hepworth et al., Boozing Out in Melbourne Pubs..., page 42:", "text": "He figured that nobody would ever spring him, but he figured wrong.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To catch in an illegal act or compromising position."], "links": [["catch", "catch"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["act", "act"], ["compromising", "compromising"], ["position", "position"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Australia, slang) To catch in an illegal act or compromising position."], "tags": ["Australia", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To begin."], "links": [["begin", "begin"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) To begin."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English slang", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To put bad money into circulation."], "links": [["put", "put"], ["bad", "bad"], ["money", "money"], ["circulation", "circulation"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, slang) To put bad money into circulation."], "tags": ["obsolete", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"ref": "2012 February 29, Aidan Foster-Carter, “North Korea: The Denuclearisation Dance Resumes”, in BBC News:", "text": "North Korea loves to spring surprises. More unusual is for its US foe to play along.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "Sorry to spring it on you like this but I've been offered another job.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To tell, to share."], "links": [["tell", "tell"], ["share", "share"]]}, {"categories": ["American English", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "His lieutenants hired a team of miners to help spring him.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2007, Mike Batt (lyrics and music), “If You Were a Sailboat”, performed by Katie Melua:", "text": "If I was in jail I know you'd spring me", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To free from imprisonment, especially by facilitating an illegal escape."], "links": [["free", "free"], ["imprisonment", "imprisonment"], ["especially", "especially"], ["facilitating", "facilitating"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["escape", "escape"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, slang, US) To free from imprisonment, especially by facilitating an illegal escape."], "synonyms": [{"word": "free"}, {"word": "let out"}, {"word": "release"}, {"word": "spring loose"}, {"word": "jailbreak"}], "tags": ["US", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["To be free of imprisonment, especially by illegal escape."], "links": [["free", "free"], ["imprisonment", "imprisonment"], ["especially", "especially"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["escape", "escape"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, slang, rare) To be free of imprisonment, especially by illegal escape."], "tags": ["intransitive", "rare", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "en:Architecture"], "examples": [{"text": "They sprung an arch over the lintel.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To build, to form the initial curve of."], "links": [["architecture", "architecture"], ["build", "build"], ["form", "form"], ["initial", "initial"], ["curve", "curve"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, architecture, of arches) To build, to form the initial curve of."], "raw_tags": ["of arches"], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["architecture"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with usage examples", "en:Architecture"], "examples": [{"text": "The arches spring from the front posts.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To extend, to curve."], "links": [["architecture", "architecture"], ["extend", "extend"], ["curve", "curve"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, architecture, of arches, with \"from\") To extend, to curve."], "raw_tags": ["of arches", "with \"from\""], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["architecture"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Nautical"], "glosses": ["To turn a vessel using a spring attached to its anchor cable."], "links": [["nautical", "nautical"], ["turn", "turn"], ["vessel", "vessel"], ["using", "using"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["attach", "attach"], ["anchor", "anchor"], ["cable", "cable"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, nautical) To turn a vessel using a spring attached to its anchor cable."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["nautical", "transport"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1957, Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, Over Seventy, page 137:", "text": "He wouldn't spring a nickel for a bag of peanuts.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To pay or spend a certain sum, to yield."], "links": [["pay", "pay"], ["spend", "spend"], ["certain", "certain"], ["sum", "sum"], ["yield", "yield"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To pay or spend a certain sum, to yield."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To raise an offered price."], "links": [["raise", "raise"], ["offered", "offered"], ["price", "price"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, intransitive, slang) To raise an offered price."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete", "slang"]}, {"alt_of": [{"word": "sprain"}], "categories": ["American English", "English dialectal terms", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Alternative form of sprain."], "links": [["sprain", "sprain#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, US, dialectal) Alternative form of sprain."], "tags": ["US", "alt-of", "alternative", "dialectal", "transitive"]}, {"alt_of": [{"word": "strain"}], "categories": ["American English", "English dialectal terms", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Alternative form of strain."], "links": [["strain", "strain#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, US, dialectal) Alternative form of strain."], "tags": ["US", "alt-of", "alternative", "dialectal", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To act as a spring: to strongly rebound."], "links": [["act", "act"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["strongly", "strongly"], ["rebound", "rebound"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, obsolete) To act as a spring: to strongly rebound."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs", "en:Vehicles"], "glosses": ["To equip with springs, especially (of vehicles) to equip with a suspension."], "links": [["equip", "equip"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["especially", "especially"], ["vehicle", "vehicle"], ["suspension", "suspension"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, rare) To equip with springs, especially (of vehicles) to equip with a suspension."], "tags": ["rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["to inspire, to motivate."], "links": [["inspire", "inspire"], ["motivate", "motivate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figurative, rare, obsolete) to inspire, to motivate."], "tags": ["figuratively", "obsolete", "rare"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1873 July, Routledge's Young Gentleman's Magazine, page 503:", "text": "Don't drive it in too hard, as it will ‘spring’ the plane-iron, and make it concave.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "A piece of timber sometimes springs in seasoning.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He sprang in the slat.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To deform owing to excessive pressure, to become warped; to intentionally deform in order to position and then straighten in place."], "links": [["transitive", "transitive"], ["intransitive", "intransitive"], ["deform", "deform"], ["owing", "owing"], ["excessive", "excessive"], ["pressure", "pressure"], ["become", "become"], ["warped", "warped"], ["intentionally", "intentionally"], ["in order to", "in order to"], ["position", "position"], ["then", "then"], ["straighten", "straighten"], ["in place", "in place"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, intransitive) To deform owing to excessive pressure, to become warped; to intentionally deform in order to position and then straighten in place."], "tags": ["intransitive", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English dialectal terms", "English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1955, Patrick White, chapter 15, in The Tree of Man, New York: Viking, page 228:", "text": "“Gee, Dad, Nancy’s springing all right,” Ray said and paused in spontaneous pleasure.\nStan Parker came, and together they looked at their swelling heifer.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To swell with milk or pregnancy."], "links": [["swell", "swell"], ["milk", "milk"], ["pregnancy", "pregnancy"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, UK, dialectal, chiefly of cows) To swell with milk or pregnancy."], "raw_tags": ["of cows"], "tags": ["UK", "dialectal", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1850, Samuel Prout Newcombe, Pleasant pages, page 197:", "text": "I do not know how John and his mistress would have settled the fate of the thief, but just at this moment a policeman entered — for the cook had sprung the rattle, and had been screaming \"Murder\" and \"Thieves.\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To sound, to play."], "links": [["sound", "sound"], ["play", "play"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, of rattles, archaic) To sound, to play."], "raw_tags": ["of rattles"], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"glosses": ["To find or get enough food during springtime."], "links": [["find", "find"], ["get", "get"], ["enough", "enough"], ["food", "food"], ["springtime", "springtime"]], "raw_glosses": ["(of animals) To find or get enough food during springtime."], "raw_tags": ["of animals"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "sprĭng", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/spɹɪŋ/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg/En-uk-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg/En-us-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg/En-au-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪŋ"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "come into being", "word": "come into being"}], "translations": [{"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to release or set free", "word": "vapauttaa"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "a trap", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to release or set free", "word": "turupana"}], "wikipedia": ["spring"], "word": "spring"}

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Lezgi translations", "Terms with Ligurian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Livonian translations", "Terms with Louisiana Creole translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Lubuagan Kalinga translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malagasy translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Mansaka translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Meänkieli translations", "Terms with Middle English translations", "Terms with Middle Korean translations", "Terms with Minangkabau translations", "Terms with Mingrelian translations", "Terms with Mirandese translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Montagnais translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Muong translations", "Terms with Mòcheno translations", "Terms with Nanai translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Nivkh translations", "Terms with Nogai translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Mansi translations", "Terms with Northern Min translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old French translations", "Terms with Old Norse translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Phoenician translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romani translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Samoan translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Saterland Frisian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Shan translations", "Terms with Shor translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Southern Kalinga translations", "Terms with Southern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Southern Sami translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tahitian translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Talysh translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tarifit translations", "Terms with Tat translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuwali Ifugao translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Ulch translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Veps translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Votic translations", "Terms with Võro translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Winnebago translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xhosa translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yagnobi translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "en:Calendar", "en:Cattle", "en:Gaits", "en:Landforms", "en:Masonry", "en:Musical instruments", "en:Seasons", "en:Tides", "en:Water"], "derived": [{"word": "hope springs eternal"}, {"word": "outspring"}, {"word": "overspring"}, {"word": "respring"}, {"word": "spring a butt"}, {"word": "spring a leak"}, {"word": "spring an arch"}, {"word": "spring at"}, {"word": "springel"}, {"word": "springer"}, {"word": "spring for"}, {"word": "spring forth"}, {"word": "spring-hare"}, {"word": "spring in"}, {"word": "springing"}, {"word": "spring into action"}, {"word": "spring-jack"}, {"word": "spring-lobster"}, {"word": "spring loose"}, {"word": "spring on"}, {"word": "spring out"}, {"word": "spring the luff"}, {"word": "spring to life"}, {"word": "spring to mind"}, {"word": "spring to somebody's defence"}, {"word": "spring-tree"}, {"word": "spring up"}, {"word": "sprung rhyme"}, {"word": "upspring"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "springen"}, "expansion": "Middle English springen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "springan", "t": "to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out"}, "expansion": "Old English springan (“to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*springan"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *springan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*springaną", "t": "to burst forth"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *springaną (“to burst forth”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*spre(n)ǵʰ-", "t": "to move, race, spring"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spre(n)ǵʰ- (“to move, race, spring”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "West Frisian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "Dutch springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "German Low German springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "German springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Danish springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "springa"}, "expansion": "Swedish springa", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Norwegian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "springa"}, "expansion": "Faroese springa", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "springa", "t": "to burst, explode"}, "expansion": "Icelandic springa (“to burst, explode”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "lt", "2": "spreñgti", "3": "", "4": "to push (in)"}, "expansion": "Lithuanian spreñgti (“to push (in)”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "прѧсти", "3": "", "4": "to spin, to stretch"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic прѧсти (pręsti, “to spin, to stretch”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "spargere", "3": "", "4": "to sprinkle, to scatter"}, "expansion": "Latin spargere (“to sprinkle, to scatter”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "σπέρχω", "3": "", "4": "to hasten"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek σπέρχω (spérkhō, “to hasten”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sa", "2": "स्पृहयति", "3": "", "4": "to be eager", "tr": "spṛháyati"}, "expansion": "Sanskrit स्पृहयति (spṛháyati, “to be eager”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English springen, from Old English springan (“to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out”), from Proto-West Germanic *springan, from Proto-Germanic *springaną (“to burst forth”), from Proto-Indo-European *spre(n)ǵʰ- (“to move, race, spring”), from *sper- (“to jerk, twitch, snap, shove”).\ncognates\n* Saterland Frisian springe\n* West Frisian springe\n* Dutch springen\n* German Low German springen\n* German springen\n* Danish springe\n* Swedish springa\n* Norwegian springe\n* Faroese springa\n* Icelandic springa (“to burst, explode”).\nOther possible cognates include Lithuanian spreñgti (“to push (in)”), Old Church Slavonic прѧсти (pręsti, “to spin, to stretch”), Latin spargere (“to sprinkle, to scatter”), Ancient Greek σπέρχω (spérkhō, “to hasten”), Sanskrit स्पृहयति (spṛháyati, “to be eager”). Some newer senses derived from the noun.", "forms": [{"form": "springs", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "springing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "sprang", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "sprung", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "sprung", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["table-tags"]}, {"form": "en-conj", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["inflection-template"]}, {"form": "spring", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["infinitive"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "springs", "2": "springing", "3": "sprang", "4": "sprung", "past2": "sprung"}, "expansion": "spring (third-person singular simple present springs, present participle springing, simple past sprang or sprung, past participle sprung)", "name": "en-verb"}], "inflection_templates": [{"args": {"1": "spring", "note1": "Nonstandard.", "past": "sprang", "past2": "sprung", "past2_qual": "note1", "past_ptc": "sprung"}, "name": "en-conj"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "sprang"}, {"word": "springwort"}, {"word": "sprung"}, {"word": "to-spring"}, {"word": "unspring"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Judges 19:25:", "text": "...so the man tooke his concubine, and brought her foorth vnto them, and they knew her, and abused her all the night vntil the morning: and when the day began to spring, they let her goe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1682, Thomas Otway, Venice Preserv’d, or, A Plot Discover’d. A Tragedy. […], London: […] Jos[eph] Hindmarsh […], →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 4:", "text": "Home I would go,\n But that my Dores are hatefull to my eyes.\n Fill'd and damm'd up with gaping Creditors,\n Watchfull as Fowlers when their Game will ſpring; […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To appear."], "links": [["appear", "appear"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To appear."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 38:25–27:", "text": "Who hath diuided a water-course for the ouerflowing of waters? or a way for the lightning of thunder,\nTo cause it to raine on the earth, where no man is: on the wildernesse wherein there is no man?\nTo satisfie the desolate and waste ground, and to cause the bud of the tender herbe to spring forth.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1813, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Canto V”, in Queen Mab; […], London: […] P. B. Shelley, […], →OCLC, page 61:", "text": "Commerce! beneath whose poison-breathing shade\n No solitary virtue dares to spring, […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1936, Dale Carnegie, How to Win Friends and Influence People, page 42:", "text": "Dr. Sigmund Freud... says that everything you and I do springs from two motives: the sex urge and the desire to be great.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1974, James Albert Michener, Centennial, page 338:", "text": "There was moisture in the ground, and from it sprang a million flowers, gold and blue and brown and red.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2006, N. Roberts, Morrigann's Cross, section VI:", "text": "Foxglove sprang tall and purple among the trees.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout."], "links": [["grow", "grow"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout.", "To mature."], "links": [["grow", "grow"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout.", "(UK dialectal) To mature."], "tags": ["UK", "dialectal", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To arise, to come into existence."], "links": [["arise", "arise"], ["come", "come"], ["existence", "existence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(figurative) To arise, to come into existence."], "synonyms": [{"word": "arise"}, {"word": "form"}, {"word": "take shape"}], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He hit the gas and the car sprang to life.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To enliven."], "links": [["enliven", "enliven"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(sometimes figurative) To enliven."], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive", "sometimes"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "Deer spring with their hind legs, using their front hooves to steady themselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "c. 1250, Life of St Margaret, Trin. Col. MS B.14.39 (323), f. 22v", "text": "...into helle spring..."}, {"ref": "1474, William Caxton, transl., Game and Playe of the Chesse, iii, vii, 141:", "text": "Ye kynge... sprange out of his chare and resseyuyd them worshipfully.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1722, Ambrose Philips, The Briton:", "text": "...the Mountain Stag, that springs\nFrom Height to Height, and bounds along the Plains,\nNor has a Master to restrain his Course...", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1827, Clement Clarke Moore, (A Visit from St. Nicholas):", "text": "...out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,\nI sprang from my bed to see what was the matter.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "However, with the dainty volume my quondam friend sprang into fame. At the same time he cast off the chrysalis of a commonplace existence.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1912, Edgar Rice Burroughs, chapter 5, in Tarzan of the Apes:", "text": "Thus she advanced; her belly low, almost touching the surface of the ground—a great cat preparing to spring upon its prey.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011 April 11, The Atlantic:", "text": "Reporters sprang to the conclusion that the speech would make detailed new commitments...", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To move with great speed and energy."], "links": [["move", "move"], ["great", "great"], ["speed", "speed"], ["energy", "energy"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(figurative, usually with cardinal adverbs) To move with great speed and energy."], "raw_tags": ["with cardinal adverbs"], "synonyms": [{"word": "bound"}, {"word": "jump"}, {"word": "leap"}], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He sprang from peasant stock.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2008, George McCandless, The ABCs of RBCs, Harvard University Press, page 7:", "text": "From this basis, a first-order difference equation for the evolution of capital per worker is found, and the time path of the economy springs from this equation.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To be born, descend, or originate from"], "links": [["be born", "be born"], ["descend", "descend"], ["originate", "originate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(usually with from) To be born, descend, or originate from"], "raw_tags": ["with from"], "tags": ["intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To rise in social position or military rank, to be promoted."], "links": [["rise", "rise"], ["social", "social"], ["position", "position"], ["military", "military"], ["rank", "rank"], ["promoted", "promoted"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(obsolete) To rise in social position or military rank, to be promoted."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "c. 1540, Livy, translated by John Bellenden, History of Rome, Vol. I, i, xxii, p. 125:", "text": "...þe wound þat was springand with huge stremes of blude...", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "The boat sprang a leak and began to sink.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth."], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cause to spring (all senses)."], "links": [["cause", "cause"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cause to spring (all senses)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He sprang the trap.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1625, Samuel Purchas, Purchas His Pilgrimes, Vol. II, x, ix:", "text": "They sprung another Mine... wherein was placed about sixtie Barrels of Powder.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1747, The London Magazine, Or, Gentleman's Monthly Intelligencer:", "text": "On the 23d, the Besiegers sprung a Mine under the Salient Angle, upon the Right of the Haif Moon, which had the desired Success, the Enemy's Gallery on that Side, and the Mason-Work of the Counterscarp, being thereby demolished.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To cause to spring (all senses).", "To cause to work or open by sudden application of pressure."], "links": [["cause", "cause"], ["work", "work"], ["open", "open"], ["sudden", "sudden"], ["application", "application"], ["pressure", "pressure"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cause to spring (all senses).", "(of mechanisms) To cause to work or open by sudden application of pressure."], "raw_tags": ["of mechanisms"], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1585, Nicolas De Nicolay, translated by Thomas Washington, The Navigations, Peregrinations, and Voyages, Made into Turkie..., Bk. IV, p. 154:", "text": "...[they] sought the fairest stoned horses to spring their mares...", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To breed with, to impregnate."], "links": [["breed", "breed"], ["impregnate", "impregnate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, of horses) To breed with, to impregnate."], "raw_tags": ["of horses"], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To wetten, to moisten."], "links": [["wetten", "wetten"], ["moisten", "moisten"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To wetten, to moisten."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1698, François Froger, A Relation of a Voyage Made... on the Coasts of Africa, page 30:", "text": "On the 22nd the mines sprang, and took very good effect.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To burst into pieces, to explode, to shatter."], "links": [["burst", "burst"], ["piece", "piece"], ["explode", "explode"], ["shatter", "shatter"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, now usually with \"apart\" or \"open\") To burst into pieces, to explode, to shatter."], "raw_tags": ["with \"apart\" or \"open\""], "tags": ["intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "en:Military"], "examples": [{"ref": "2012 April 21, Sydney Morning Herald, page 5:", "text": "The whole contraption appears liable to spring apart at any moment.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To go off."], "links": [["military", "military"], ["go off", "go off"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, military) To go off."], "tags": ["obsolete"], "topics": ["government", "military", "politics", "war"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Nautical"], "examples": [{"ref": "1582 August 2, Richard Madox, diary", "text": "The Edward sprang hir foremast."}], "glosses": ["To crack."], "links": [["nautical", "nautical"], ["crack", "crack"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, nautical, usually perfective) To crack."], "tags": ["intransitive", "perfective", "usually"], "topics": ["nautical", "transport"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To surprise by sudden or deft action."], "links": [["surprise", "surprise"], ["sudden", "sudden"], ["deft", "deft"], ["action", "action"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, figurative) To surprise by sudden or deft action."], "tags": ["figuratively", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1921, Field and Stream, page 832:", "text": "For generations of men the springer spaniel has been looked upon as the dog for springing pheasants in covert and finding and retrieving dead birds or winged runners when ordered to do so. The properly broken dog will not chase, but drop to wing and shot.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1940, Allen A. Day, “Dachsunds for Woodchucks”, in Dwight Williams Huntington, editor, The Game Breeder and Sportsman, page 94:", "text": "[…] by the beginning of this century a still smaller breed, with a weight of 4 of 5 pounds and a chest measurement of around 12 inches, had come into being for springing rabbits. Such, then, is a rough, quick ancestral picture of our modern Dachshund, and[…]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2003 August 1, Dennis Walrod, Grouse Hunter's Guide: Solid Facts, Insights, and Observations on How to Hunt Ruffled Grouse, Stackpole Books, →ISBN:", "text": "I winter, ruffed grouse sometimes roost at night on the ground under the insulating snow. Even during the midday hours, I have often flushed grouse out from under the snow-bowed branches of \"buck-brush,\" the type of environment where a hunter would more likely expect to spring a rabbit or two.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To come upon and flush out."], "links": [["come upon", "come upon"], ["flush out", "flush out"]]}, {"categories": ["Australian English", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1980, John Hepworth et al., Boozing Out in Melbourne Pubs..., page 42:", "text": "He figured that nobody would ever spring him, but he figured wrong.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To catch in an illegal act or compromising position."], "links": [["catch", "catch"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["act", "act"], ["compromising", "compromising"], ["position", "position"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Australia, slang) To catch in an illegal act or compromising position."], "tags": ["Australia", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To begin."], "links": [["begin", "begin"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) To begin."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English slang", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To put bad money into circulation."], "links": [["put", "put"], ["bad", "bad"], ["money", "money"], ["circulation", "circulation"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, slang) To put bad money into circulation."], "tags": ["obsolete", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"ref": "2012 February 29, Aidan Foster-Carter, “North Korea: The Denuclearisation Dance Resumes”, in BBC News:", "text": "North Korea loves to spring surprises. More unusual is for its US foe to play along.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "Sorry to spring it on you like this but I've been offered another job.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To tell, to share."], "links": [["tell", "tell"], ["share", "share"]]}, {"categories": ["American English", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "His lieutenants hired a team of miners to help spring him.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2007, Mike Batt (lyrics and music), “If You Were a Sailboat”, performed by Katie Melua:", "text": "If I was in jail I know you'd spring me", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To free from imprisonment, especially by facilitating an illegal escape."], "links": [["free", "free"], ["imprisonment", "imprisonment"], ["especially", "especially"], ["facilitating", "facilitating"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["escape", "escape"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, slang, US) To free from imprisonment, especially by facilitating an illegal escape."], "synonyms": [{"word": "free"}, {"word": "let out"}, {"word": "release"}, {"word": "spring loose"}, {"word": "jailbreak"}], "tags": ["US", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["To be free of imprisonment, especially by illegal escape."], "links": [["free", "free"], ["imprisonment", "imprisonment"], ["especially", "especially"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["escape", "escape"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, slang, rare) To be free of imprisonment, especially by illegal escape."], "tags": ["intransitive", "rare", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "en:Architecture"], "examples": [{"text": "They sprung an arch over the lintel.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To build, to form the initial curve of."], "links": [["architecture", "architecture"], ["build", "build"], ["form", "form"], ["initial", "initial"], ["curve", "curve"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, architecture, of arches) To build, to form the initial curve of."], "raw_tags": ["of arches"], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["architecture"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with usage examples", "en:Architecture"], "examples": [{"text": "The arches spring from the front posts.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To extend, to curve."], "links": [["architecture", "architecture"], ["extend", "extend"], ["curve", "curve"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, architecture, of arches, with \"from\") To extend, to curve."], "raw_tags": ["of arches", "with \"from\""], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["architecture"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Nautical"], "glosses": ["To turn a vessel using a spring attached to its anchor cable."], "links": [["nautical", "nautical"], ["turn", "turn"], ["vessel", "vessel"], ["using", "using"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["attach", "attach"], ["anchor", "anchor"], ["cable", "cable"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, nautical) To turn a vessel using a spring attached to its anchor cable."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["nautical", "transport"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1957, Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, Over Seventy, page 137:", "text": "He wouldn't spring a nickel for a bag of peanuts.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To pay or spend a certain sum, to yield."], "links": [["pay", "pay"], ["spend", "spend"], ["certain", "certain"], ["sum", "sum"], ["yield", "yield"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To pay or spend a certain sum, to yield."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To raise an offered price."], "links": [["raise", "raise"], ["offered", "offered"], ["price", "price"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, intransitive, slang) To raise an offered price."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete", "slang"]}, {"alt_of": [{"word": "sprain"}], "categories": ["American English", "English dialectal terms", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Alternative form of sprain."], "links": [["sprain", "sprain#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, US, dialectal) Alternative form of sprain."], "tags": ["US", "alt-of", "alternative", "dialectal", "transitive"]}, {"alt_of": [{"word": "strain"}], "categories": ["American English", "English dialectal terms", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Alternative form of strain."], "links": [["strain", "strain#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, US, dialectal) Alternative form of strain."], "tags": ["US", "alt-of", "alternative", "dialectal", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To act as a spring: to strongly rebound."], "links": [["act", "act"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["strongly", "strongly"], ["rebound", "rebound"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, obsolete) To act as a spring: to strongly rebound."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs", "en:Vehicles"], "glosses": ["To equip with springs, especially (of vehicles) to equip with a suspension."], "links": [["equip", "equip"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["especially", "especially"], ["vehicle", "vehicle"], ["suspension", "suspension"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, rare) To equip with springs, especially (of vehicles) to equip with a suspension."], "tags": ["rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["to inspire, to motivate."], "links": [["inspire", "inspire"], ["motivate", "motivate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figurative, rare, obsolete) to inspire, to motivate."], "tags": ["figuratively", "obsolete", "rare"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1873 July, Routledge's Young Gentleman's Magazine, page 503:", "text": "Don't drive it in too hard, as it will ‘spring’ the plane-iron, and make it concave.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "A piece of timber sometimes springs in seasoning.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He sprang in the slat.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To deform owing to excessive pressure, to become warped; to intentionally deform in order to position and then straighten in place."], "links": [["transitive", "transitive"], ["intransitive", "intransitive"], ["deform", "deform"], ["owing", "owing"], ["excessive", "excessive"], ["pressure", "pressure"], ["become", "become"], ["warped", "warped"], ["intentionally", "intentionally"], ["in order to", "in order to"], ["position", "position"], ["then", "then"], ["straighten", "straighten"], ["in place", "in place"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, intransitive) To deform owing to excessive pressure, to become warped; to intentionally deform in order to position and then straighten in place."], "tags": ["intransitive", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English dialectal terms", "English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1955, Patrick White, chapter 15, in The Tree of Man, New York: Viking, page 228:", "text": "“Gee, Dad, Nancy’s springing all right,” Ray said and paused in spontaneous pleasure.\nStan Parker came, and together they looked at their swelling heifer.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To swell with milk or pregnancy."], "links": [["swell", "swell"], ["milk", "milk"], ["pregnancy", "pregnancy"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, UK, dialectal, chiefly of cows) To swell with milk or pregnancy."], "raw_tags": ["of cows"], "tags": ["UK", "dialectal", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1850, Samuel Prout Newcombe, Pleasant pages, page 197:", "text": "I do not know how John and his mistress would have settled the fate of the thief, but just at this moment a policeman entered — for the cook had sprung the rattle, and had been screaming \"Murder\" and \"Thieves.\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To sound, to play."], "links": [["sound", "sound"], ["play", "play"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, of rattles, archaic) To sound, to play."], "raw_tags": ["of rattles"], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"glosses": ["To find or get enough food during springtime."], "links": [["find", "find"], ["get", "get"], ["enough", "enough"], ["food", "food"], ["springtime", "springtime"]], "raw_glosses": ["(of animals) To find or get enough food during springtime."], "raw_tags": ["of animals"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "sprĭng", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/spɹɪŋ/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg/En-uk-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg/En-us-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg/En-au-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪŋ"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "come into being", "word": "come into being"}], "translations": [{"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to release or set free", "word": "vapauttaa"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "a trap", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to release or set free", "word": "turupana"}], "wikipedia": ["spring"], "word": "spring"}

spring (English verb) spring/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Eastern Min terms with redundant transliterations", "English class 3 strong verbs", "English clippings", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English irregular verbs", "English lemmas", "English links with redundant alt parameters", "English links with redundant wikilinks", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", 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with Montagnais translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Muong translations", "Terms with Mòcheno translations", "Terms with Nanai translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Nivkh translations", "Terms with Nogai translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Mansi translations", "Terms with Northern Min translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old French translations", "Terms with Old Norse translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Phoenician translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romani translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Samoan translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Saterland Frisian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Shan translations", "Terms with Shor translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Southern Kalinga translations", "Terms with Southern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Southern Sami translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tahitian translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Talysh translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tarifit translations", "Terms with Tat translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuwali Ifugao translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Ulch translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Veps translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Votic translations", "Terms with Võro translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Winnebago translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xhosa translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yagnobi translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "en:Calendar", "en:Cattle", "en:Gaits", "en:Landforms", "en:Masonry", "en:Musical instruments", "en:Seasons", "en:Tides", "en:Water"], "derived": [{"word": "hope springs eternal"}, {"word": "outspring"}, {"word": "overspring"}, {"word": "respring"}, {"word": "spring a butt"}, {"word": "spring a leak"}, {"word": "spring an arch"}, {"word": "spring at"}, {"word": "springel"}, {"word": "springer"}, {"word": "spring for"}, {"word": "spring forth"}, {"word": "spring-hare"}, {"word": "spring in"}, {"word": "springing"}, {"word": "spring into action"}, {"word": "spring-jack"}, {"word": "spring-lobster"}, {"word": "spring loose"}, {"word": "spring on"}, {"word": "spring out"}, {"word": "spring the luff"}, {"word": "spring to life"}, {"word": "spring to mind"}, {"word": "spring to somebody's defence"}, {"word": "spring-tree"}, {"word": "spring up"}, {"word": "sprung rhyme"}, {"word": "upspring"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "springen"}, "expansion": "Middle English springen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "springan", "t": "to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out"}, "expansion": "Old English springan (“to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*springan"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *springan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*springaną", "t": "to burst forth"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *springaną (“to burst forth”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*spre(n)ǵʰ-", "t": "to move, race, spring"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spre(n)ǵʰ- (“to move, race, spring”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "West Frisian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "Dutch springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "German Low German springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "German springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Danish springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "springa"}, "expansion": "Swedish springa", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Norwegian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "springa"}, "expansion": "Faroese springa", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "springa", "t": "to burst, explode"}, "expansion": "Icelandic springa (“to burst, explode”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "lt", "2": "spreñgti", "3": "", "4": "to push (in)"}, "expansion": "Lithuanian spreñgti (“to push (in)”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "прѧсти", "3": "", "4": "to spin, to stretch"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic прѧсти (pręsti, “to spin, to stretch”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "spargere", "3": "", "4": "to sprinkle, to scatter"}, "expansion": "Latin spargere (“to sprinkle, to scatter”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "σπέρχω", "3": "", "4": "to hasten"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek σπέρχω (spérkhō, “to hasten”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sa", "2": "स्पृहयति", "3": "", "4": "to be eager", "tr": "spṛháyati"}, "expansion": "Sanskrit स्पृहयति (spṛháyati, “to be eager”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English springen, from Old English springan (“to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out”), from Proto-West Germanic *springan, from Proto-Germanic *springaną (“to burst forth”), from Proto-Indo-European *spre(n)ǵʰ- (“to move, race, spring”), from *sper- (“to jerk, twitch, snap, shove”).\ncognates\n* Saterland Frisian springe\n* West Frisian springe\n* Dutch springen\n* German Low German springen\n* German springen\n* Danish springe\n* Swedish springa\n* Norwegian springe\n* Faroese springa\n* Icelandic springa (“to burst, explode”).\nOther possible cognates include Lithuanian spreñgti (“to push (in)”), Old Church Slavonic прѧсти (pręsti, “to spin, to stretch”), Latin spargere (“to sprinkle, to scatter”), Ancient Greek σπέρχω (spérkhō, “to hasten”), Sanskrit स्पृहयति (spṛháyati, “to be eager”). Some newer senses derived from the noun.", "forms": [{"form": "springs", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "springing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "sprang", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "sprung", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "sprung", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["table-tags"]}, {"form": "en-conj", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["inflection-template"]}, {"form": "spring", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["infinitive"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "springs", "2": "springing", "3": "sprang", "4": "sprung", "past2": "sprung"}, "expansion": "spring (third-person singular simple present springs, present participle springing, simple past sprang or sprung, past participle sprung)", "name": "en-verb"}], "inflection_templates": [{"args": {"1": "spring", "note1": "Nonstandard.", "past": "sprang", "past2": "sprung", "past2_qual": "note1", "past_ptc": "sprung"}, "name": "en-conj"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "sprang"}, {"word": "springwort"}, {"word": "sprung"}, {"word": "to-spring"}, {"word": "unspring"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Judges 19:25:", "text": "...so the man tooke his concubine, and brought her foorth vnto them, and they knew her, and abused her all the night vntil the morning: and when the day began to spring, they let her goe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1682, Thomas Otway, Venice Preserv’d, or, A Plot Discover’d. A Tragedy. […], London: […] Jos[eph] Hindmarsh […], →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 4:", "text": "Home I would go,\n But that my Dores are hatefull to my eyes.\n Fill'd and damm'd up with gaping Creditors,\n Watchfull as Fowlers when their Game will ſpring; […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To appear."], "links": [["appear", "appear"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To appear."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 38:25–27:", "text": "Who hath diuided a water-course for the ouerflowing of waters? or a way for the lightning of thunder,\nTo cause it to raine on the earth, where no man is: on the wildernesse wherein there is no man?\nTo satisfie the desolate and waste ground, and to cause the bud of the tender herbe to spring forth.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1813, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Canto V”, in Queen Mab; […], London: […] P. B. Shelley, […], →OCLC, page 61:", "text": "Commerce! beneath whose poison-breathing shade\n No solitary virtue dares to spring, […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1936, Dale Carnegie, How to Win Friends and Influence People, page 42:", "text": "Dr. Sigmund Freud... says that everything you and I do springs from two motives: the sex urge and the desire to be great.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1974, James Albert Michener, Centennial, page 338:", "text": "There was moisture in the ground, and from it sprang a million flowers, gold and blue and brown and red.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2006, N. Roberts, Morrigann's Cross, section VI:", "text": "Foxglove sprang tall and purple among the trees.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout."], "links": [["grow", "grow"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout.", "To mature."], "links": [["grow", "grow"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout.", "(UK dialectal) To mature."], "tags": ["UK", "dialectal", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To arise, to come into existence."], "links": [["arise", "arise"], ["come", "come"], ["existence", "existence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(figurative) To arise, to come into existence."], "synonyms": [{"word": "arise"}, {"word": "form"}, {"word": "take shape"}], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He hit the gas and the car sprang to life.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To enliven."], "links": [["enliven", "enliven"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(sometimes figurative) To enliven."], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive", "sometimes"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "Deer spring with their hind legs, using their front hooves to steady themselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "c. 1250, Life of St Margaret, Trin. Col. MS B.14.39 (323), f. 22v", "text": "...into helle spring..."}, {"ref": "1474, William Caxton, transl., Game and Playe of the Chesse, iii, vii, 141:", "text": "Ye kynge... sprange out of his chare and resseyuyd them worshipfully.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1722, Ambrose Philips, The Briton:", "text": "...the Mountain Stag, that springs\nFrom Height to Height, and bounds along the Plains,\nNor has a Master to restrain his Course...", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1827, Clement Clarke Moore, (A Visit from St. Nicholas):", "text": "...out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,\nI sprang from my bed to see what was the matter.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "However, with the dainty volume my quondam friend sprang into fame. At the same time he cast off the chrysalis of a commonplace existence.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1912, Edgar Rice Burroughs, chapter 5, in Tarzan of the Apes:", "text": "Thus she advanced; her belly low, almost touching the surface of the ground—a great cat preparing to spring upon its prey.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011 April 11, The Atlantic:", "text": "Reporters sprang to the conclusion that the speech would make detailed new commitments...", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To move with great speed and energy."], "links": [["move", "move"], ["great", "great"], ["speed", "speed"], ["energy", "energy"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(figurative, usually with cardinal adverbs) To move with great speed and energy."], "raw_tags": ["with cardinal adverbs"], "synonyms": [{"word": "bound"}, {"word": "jump"}, {"word": "leap"}], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He sprang from peasant stock.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2008, George McCandless, The ABCs of RBCs, Harvard University Press, page 7:", "text": "From this basis, a first-order difference equation for the evolution of capital per worker is found, and the time path of the economy springs from this equation.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To be born, descend, or originate from"], "links": [["be born", "be born"], ["descend", "descend"], ["originate", "originate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(usually with from) To be born, descend, or originate from"], "raw_tags": ["with from"], "tags": ["intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To rise in social position or military rank, to be promoted."], "links": [["rise", "rise"], ["social", "social"], ["position", "position"], ["military", "military"], ["rank", "rank"], ["promoted", "promoted"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(obsolete) To rise in social position or military rank, to be promoted."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "c. 1540, Livy, translated by John Bellenden, History of Rome, Vol. I, i, xxii, p. 125:", "text": "...þe wound þat was springand with huge stremes of blude...", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "The boat sprang a leak and began to sink.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth."], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cause to spring (all senses)."], "links": [["cause", "cause"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cause to spring (all senses)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He sprang the trap.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1625, Samuel Purchas, Purchas His Pilgrimes, Vol. II, x, ix:", "text": "They sprung another Mine... wherein was placed about sixtie Barrels of Powder.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1747, The London Magazine, Or, Gentleman's Monthly Intelligencer:", "text": "On the 23d, the Besiegers sprung a Mine under the Salient Angle, upon the Right of the Haif Moon, which had the desired Success, the Enemy's Gallery on that Side, and the Mason-Work of the Counterscarp, being thereby demolished.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To cause to spring (all senses).", "To cause to work or open by sudden application of pressure."], "links": [["cause", "cause"], ["work", "work"], ["open", "open"], ["sudden", "sudden"], ["application", "application"], ["pressure", "pressure"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cause to spring (all senses).", "(of mechanisms) To cause to work or open by sudden application of pressure."], "raw_tags": ["of mechanisms"], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1585, Nicolas De Nicolay, translated by Thomas Washington, The Navigations, Peregrinations, and Voyages, Made into Turkie..., Bk. IV, p. 154:", "text": "...[they] sought the fairest stoned horses to spring their mares...", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To breed with, to impregnate."], "links": [["breed", "breed"], ["impregnate", "impregnate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, of horses) To breed with, to impregnate."], "raw_tags": ["of horses"], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To wetten, to moisten."], "links": [["wetten", "wetten"], ["moisten", "moisten"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To wetten, to moisten."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1698, François Froger, A Relation of a Voyage Made... on the Coasts of Africa, page 30:", "text": "On the 22nd the mines sprang, and took very good effect.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To burst into pieces, to explode, to shatter."], "links": [["burst", "burst"], ["piece", "piece"], ["explode", "explode"], ["shatter", "shatter"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, now usually with \"apart\" or \"open\") To burst into pieces, to explode, to shatter."], "raw_tags": ["with \"apart\" or \"open\""], "tags": ["intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "en:Military"], "examples": [{"ref": "2012 April 21, Sydney Morning Herald, page 5:", "text": "The whole contraption appears liable to spring apart at any moment.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To go off."], "links": [["military", "military"], ["go off", "go off"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, military) To go off."], "tags": ["obsolete"], "topics": ["government", "military", "politics", "war"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Nautical"], "examples": [{"ref": "1582 August 2, Richard Madox, diary", "text": "The Edward sprang hir foremast."}], "glosses": ["To crack."], "links": [["nautical", "nautical"], ["crack", "crack"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, nautical, usually perfective) To crack."], "tags": ["intransitive", "perfective", "usually"], "topics": ["nautical", "transport"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To surprise by sudden or deft action."], "links": [["surprise", "surprise"], ["sudden", "sudden"], ["deft", "deft"], ["action", "action"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, figurative) To surprise by sudden or deft action."], "tags": ["figuratively", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1921, Field and Stream, page 832:", "text": "For generations of men the springer spaniel has been looked upon as the dog for springing pheasants in covert and finding and retrieving dead birds or winged runners when ordered to do so. The properly broken dog will not chase, but drop to wing and shot.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1940, Allen A. Day, “Dachsunds for Woodchucks”, in Dwight Williams Huntington, editor, The Game Breeder and Sportsman, page 94:", "text": "[…] by the beginning of this century a still smaller breed, with a weight of 4 of 5 pounds and a chest measurement of around 12 inches, had come into being for springing rabbits. Such, then, is a rough, quick ancestral picture of our modern Dachshund, and[…]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2003 August 1, Dennis Walrod, Grouse Hunter's Guide: Solid Facts, Insights, and Observations on How to Hunt Ruffled Grouse, Stackpole Books, →ISBN:", "text": "I winter, ruffed grouse sometimes roost at night on the ground under the insulating snow. Even during the midday hours, I have often flushed grouse out from under the snow-bowed branches of \"buck-brush,\" the type of environment where a hunter would more likely expect to spring a rabbit or two.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To come upon and flush out."], "links": [["come upon", "come upon"], ["flush out", "flush out"]]}, {"categories": ["Australian English", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1980, John Hepworth et al., Boozing Out in Melbourne Pubs..., page 42:", "text": "He figured that nobody would ever spring him, but he figured wrong.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To catch in an illegal act or compromising position."], "links": [["catch", "catch"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["act", "act"], ["compromising", "compromising"], ["position", "position"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Australia, slang) To catch in an illegal act or compromising position."], "tags": ["Australia", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To begin."], "links": [["begin", "begin"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) To begin."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English slang", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To put bad money into circulation."], "links": [["put", "put"], ["bad", "bad"], ["money", "money"], ["circulation", "circulation"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, slang) To put bad money into circulation."], "tags": ["obsolete", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"ref": "2012 February 29, Aidan Foster-Carter, “North Korea: The Denuclearisation Dance Resumes”, in BBC News:", "text": "North Korea loves to spring surprises. More unusual is for its US foe to play along.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "Sorry to spring it on you like this but I've been offered another job.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To tell, to share."], "links": [["tell", "tell"], ["share", "share"]]}, {"categories": ["American English", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "His lieutenants hired a team of miners to help spring him.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2007, Mike Batt (lyrics and music), “If You Were a Sailboat”, performed by Katie Melua:", "text": "If I was in jail I know you'd spring me", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To free from imprisonment, especially by facilitating an illegal escape."], "links": [["free", "free"], ["imprisonment", "imprisonment"], ["especially", "especially"], ["facilitating", "facilitating"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["escape", "escape"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, slang, US) To free from imprisonment, especially by facilitating an illegal escape."], "synonyms": [{"word": "free"}, {"word": "let out"}, {"word": "release"}, {"word": "spring loose"}, {"word": "jailbreak"}], "tags": ["US", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["To be free of imprisonment, especially by illegal escape."], "links": [["free", "free"], ["imprisonment", "imprisonment"], ["especially", "especially"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["escape", "escape"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, slang, rare) To be free of imprisonment, especially by illegal escape."], "tags": ["intransitive", "rare", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "en:Architecture"], "examples": [{"text": "They sprung an arch over the lintel.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To build, to form the initial curve of."], "links": [["architecture", "architecture"], ["build", "build"], ["form", "form"], ["initial", "initial"], ["curve", "curve"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, architecture, of arches) To build, to form the initial curve of."], "raw_tags": ["of arches"], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["architecture"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with usage examples", "en:Architecture"], "examples": [{"text": "The arches spring from the front posts.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To extend, to curve."], "links": [["architecture", "architecture"], ["extend", "extend"], ["curve", "curve"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, architecture, of arches, with \"from\") To extend, to curve."], "raw_tags": ["of arches", "with \"from\""], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["architecture"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Nautical"], "glosses": ["To turn a vessel using a spring attached to its anchor cable."], "links": [["nautical", "nautical"], ["turn", "turn"], ["vessel", "vessel"], ["using", "using"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["attach", "attach"], ["anchor", "anchor"], ["cable", "cable"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, nautical) To turn a vessel using a spring attached to its anchor cable."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["nautical", "transport"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1957, Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, Over Seventy, page 137:", "text": "He wouldn't spring a nickel for a bag of peanuts.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To pay or spend a certain sum, to yield."], "links": [["pay", "pay"], ["spend", "spend"], ["certain", "certain"], ["sum", "sum"], ["yield", "yield"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To pay or spend a certain sum, to yield."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To raise an offered price."], "links": [["raise", "raise"], ["offered", "offered"], ["price", "price"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, intransitive, slang) To raise an offered price."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete", "slang"]}, {"alt_of": [{"word": "sprain"}], "categories": ["American English", "English dialectal terms", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Alternative form of sprain."], "links": [["sprain", "sprain#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, US, dialectal) Alternative form of sprain."], "tags": ["US", "alt-of", "alternative", "dialectal", "transitive"]}, {"alt_of": [{"word": "strain"}], "categories": ["American English", "English dialectal terms", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Alternative form of strain."], "links": [["strain", "strain#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, US, dialectal) Alternative form of strain."], "tags": ["US", "alt-of", "alternative", "dialectal", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To act as a spring: to strongly rebound."], "links": [["act", "act"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["strongly", "strongly"], ["rebound", "rebound"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, obsolete) To act as a spring: to strongly rebound."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs", "en:Vehicles"], "glosses": ["To equip with springs, especially (of vehicles) to equip with a suspension."], "links": [["equip", "equip"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["especially", "especially"], ["vehicle", "vehicle"], ["suspension", "suspension"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, rare) To equip with springs, especially (of vehicles) to equip with a suspension."], "tags": ["rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["to inspire, to motivate."], "links": [["inspire", "inspire"], ["motivate", "motivate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figurative, rare, obsolete) to inspire, to motivate."], "tags": ["figuratively", "obsolete", "rare"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1873 July, Routledge's Young Gentleman's Magazine, page 503:", "text": "Don't drive it in too hard, as it will ‘spring’ the plane-iron, and make it concave.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "A piece of timber sometimes springs in seasoning.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He sprang in the slat.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To deform owing to excessive pressure, to become warped; to intentionally deform in order to position and then straighten in place."], "links": [["transitive", "transitive"], ["intransitive", "intransitive"], ["deform", "deform"], ["owing", "owing"], ["excessive", "excessive"], ["pressure", "pressure"], ["become", "become"], ["warped", "warped"], ["intentionally", "intentionally"], ["in order to", "in order to"], ["position", "position"], ["then", "then"], ["straighten", "straighten"], ["in place", "in place"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, intransitive) To deform owing to excessive pressure, to become warped; to intentionally deform in order to position and then straighten in place."], "tags": ["intransitive", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English dialectal terms", "English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1955, Patrick White, chapter 15, in The Tree of Man, New York: Viking, page 228:", "text": "“Gee, Dad, Nancy’s springing all right,” Ray said and paused in spontaneous pleasure.\nStan Parker came, and together they looked at their swelling heifer.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To swell with milk or pregnancy."], "links": [["swell", "swell"], ["milk", "milk"], ["pregnancy", "pregnancy"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, UK, dialectal, chiefly of cows) To swell with milk or pregnancy."], "raw_tags": ["of cows"], "tags": ["UK", "dialectal", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1850, Samuel Prout Newcombe, Pleasant pages, page 197:", "text": "I do not know how John and his mistress would have settled the fate of the thief, but just at this moment a policeman entered — for the cook had sprung the rattle, and had been screaming \"Murder\" and \"Thieves.\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To sound, to play."], "links": [["sound", "sound"], ["play", "play"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, of rattles, archaic) To sound, to play."], "raw_tags": ["of rattles"], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"glosses": ["To find or get enough food during springtime."], "links": [["find", "find"], ["get", "get"], ["enough", "enough"], ["food", "food"], ["springtime", "springtime"]], "raw_glosses": ["(of animals) To find or get enough food during springtime."], "raw_tags": ["of animals"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "sprĭng", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/spɹɪŋ/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg/En-uk-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg/En-us-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg/En-au-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪŋ"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "come into being", "word": "come into being"}], "translations": [{"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to release or set free", "word": "vapauttaa"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "a trap", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to release or set free", "word": "turupana"}], "wikipedia": ["spring"], "word": "spring"}

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with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "en:Calendar", "en:Cattle", "en:Gaits", "en:Landforms", "en:Masonry", "en:Musical instruments", "en:Seasons", "en:Tides", "en:Water"], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "spryng", "t": "a wellspring, tide, branch, sunrise, kind of dance or blow, ulcer, snare, flock"}, "expansion": "Middle English spryng (“a wellspring, tide, branch, sunrise, kind of dance or blow, ulcer, snare, flock”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "spring", "t": "wellspring, ulcer"}, "expansion": "Old English spring (“wellspring, ulcer”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*spring"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *spring", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*springaz", "t": "a wellspring, fount"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *springaz (“a wellspring, fount”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "spryng", "4": "", "5": "a jump"}, "expansion": "Old English spryng (“a jump”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*sprungi"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sprungi", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*sprungiz", "t": "a jump"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sprungiz (“a jump”)", "name": "inh"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English spryng (“a wellspring, tide, branch, sunrise, kind of dance or blow, ulcer, snare, flock”); partly from Old English spring (“wellspring, ulcer”), from Proto-West Germanic *spring, from Proto-Germanic *springaz (“a wellspring, fount”); and partly from Old English spryng (“a jump”), from Proto-West Germanic *sprungi, from Proto-Germanic *sprungiz (“a jump”). Further senses derived from the verb and from clippings of day-spring, springtime, spring tide, etc. Its sense as the season, first attested in a work predating 1325, gradually replaced Middle English lente, lentin, from Old English lencten (“spring, Lent”) as that word became more specifically liturgical. Compare fall.", "forms": [{"form": "springs", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "springing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "springed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "springed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "spring (third-person singular simple present springs, present participle springing, simple past and past participle springed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "geyser"}, {"word": "Hooke's law"}, {"word": "seep"}, {"word": "Slinky"}, {"word": "vernal"}, {"word": "well"}, {"word": "summer"}, {"word": "autumn"}, {"word": "fall"}, {"word": "winter"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1835 May, “Northern Germany. A Sketch.”, in Fraser’s Magazine for Town and Country, volume XI, number LXV, page 507:", "text": "True it is that, owing to the migratory propensities of our countrymen, every third man has wintered at Naples, springed at Vienna, summered in Switzerland, and autumned on the banks of the Lago Maggiore;", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1912, William C[yrus] Sprague, Tad, the Story of a Boy who Had No Chance, page 2:", "text": "If Tad’s father and Tad had wintered, springed, summered, and autumned together for an hundred years instead of fifteen they could[…]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1937, Mortimer Jones, “Lines of No Importance”, in The Alphi Phi Quarterly, page 29:", "text": "They wintered in a warm place\n And summered in a cold,\n But where they springed and autumned\n I never have been told.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1950, Chambers’s Journal, page 269:", "text": "She springed in London, summered in Stockholm, autumned at Vichy, and wintered at Monte Carlo.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2006, Tim Pratt, “The Third-Quarter King”, in Jonathan Strahan, Jeremy G Byrne, editors, Eidolon I, →ISBN, page 2:", "text": "In recent years his friend the fourth-quarter king summered, autumned, and springed in nearby Southern California, which was how they stayed so easily in touch.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2010, Larry Stettner, Bill Morrison, Cooking for the Common Good: The Birth of a Natural Foods Soup Kitchen, Berkeley, Calif.: North Atlantic Books, →ISBN, page 84:", "text": "Larry and Bill had planned to hold a white-linen “fancy” fund-raiser dinner in late June or early July, which would bring out the moneyed crowd who “summered” on the Island. If you summer or winter somewhere you are affluent, Larry knew. (Funny, though, he had never heard of anyone who “autumned” in Vermont or who was “springing” in Colorado.)", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To spend the springtime somewhere."], "links": [["spend", "spend"], ["springtime", "springtime"], ["somewhere", "somewhere"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To spend the springtime somewhere."], "senseid": ["en:spend the springtime"], "tags": ["intransitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "sprĭng", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/spɹɪŋ/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg/En-uk-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg/En-us-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg/En-au-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪŋ"}], "wikipedia": ["spring"], "word": "spring"}

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"Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "en:Calendar", "en:Cattle", "en:Gaits", "en:Landforms", "en:Masonry", "en:Musical instruments", "en:Seasons", "en:Tides", "en:Water"], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "spryng", "t": "a wellspring, tide, branch, sunrise, kind of dance or blow, ulcer, snare, flock"}, "expansion": "Middle English spryng (“a wellspring, tide, branch, sunrise, kind of dance or blow, ulcer, snare, flock”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "spring", "t": "wellspring, ulcer"}, "expansion": "Old English spring (“wellspring, ulcer”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*spring"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *spring", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*springaz", "t": "a wellspring, fount"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *springaz (“a wellspring, 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A Sketch.”, in Fraser’s Magazine for Town and Country, volume XI, number LXV, page 507:", "text": "True it is that, owing to the migratory propensities of our countrymen, every third man has wintered at Naples, springed at Vienna, summered in Switzerland, and autumned on the banks of the Lago Maggiore;", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1912, William C[yrus] Sprague, Tad, the Story of a Boy who Had No Chance, page 2:", "text": "If Tad’s father and Tad had wintered, springed, summered, and autumned together for an hundred years instead of fifteen they could[…]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1937, Mortimer Jones, “Lines of No Importance”, in The Alphi Phi Quarterly, page 29:", "text": "They wintered in a warm place\n And summered in a cold,\n But where they springed and autumned\n I never have been told.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1950, Chambers’s Journal, page 269:", "text": "She springed in London, summered in Stockholm, autumned at Vichy, and wintered at Monte Carlo.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2006, Tim Pratt, “The Third-Quarter King”, in Jonathan Strahan, Jeremy G Byrne, editors, Eidolon I, →ISBN, page 2:", "text": "In recent years his friend the fourth-quarter king summered, autumned, and springed in nearby Southern California, which was how they stayed so easily in touch.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2010, Larry Stettner, Bill Morrison, Cooking for the Common Good: The Birth of a Natural Foods Soup Kitchen, Berkeley, Calif.: North Atlantic Books, →ISBN, page 84:", "text": "Larry and Bill had planned to hold a white-linen “fancy” fund-raiser dinner in late June or early July, which would bring out the moneyed crowd who “summered” on the Island. If you summer or winter somewhere you are affluent, Larry knew. (Funny, though, he had never heard of anyone who “autumned” in Vermont or who was “springing” in Colorado.)", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To spend the springtime somewhere."], "links": [["spend", "spend"], ["springtime", "springtime"], ["somewhere", "somewhere"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To spend the springtime somewhere."], "senseid": ["en:spend the springtime"], "tags": ["intransitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "sprĭng", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/spɹɪŋ/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg/En-uk-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg/En-us-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg/En-au-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪŋ"}], "wikipedia": ["spring"], "word": "spring"}

spring (English verb) spring/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Eastern Min terms with redundant transliterations", "English class 3 strong verbs", "English clippings", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English irregular verbs", "English lemmas", "English links with redundant alt parameters", "English links with redundant wikilinks", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", 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with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Ulch translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Veps translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Votic translations", "Terms with Võro translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Winnebago translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xhosa translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yagnobi translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "en:Calendar", "en:Cattle", "en:Gaits", "en:Landforms", "en:Masonry", "en:Musical instruments", "en:Seasons", "en:Tides", "en:Water"], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "spryng", "t": "a wellspring, tide, branch, sunrise, kind of dance or blow, ulcer, snare, flock"}, "expansion": "Middle English spryng (“a wellspring, tide, branch, sunrise, kind of dance or blow, ulcer, snare, flock”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "spring", "t": "wellspring, ulcer"}, "expansion": "Old English spring (“wellspring, ulcer”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*spring"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *spring", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*springaz", "t": "a wellspring, fount"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *springaz (“a wellspring, fount”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "spryng", "4": "", "5": "a jump"}, "expansion": "Old English spryng (“a jump”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*sprungi"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sprungi", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*sprungiz", "t": "a jump"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sprungiz (“a jump”)", "name": "inh"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English spryng (“a wellspring, tide, branch, sunrise, kind of dance or blow, ulcer, snare, flock”); partly from Old English spring (“wellspring, ulcer”), from Proto-West Germanic *spring, from Proto-Germanic *springaz (“a wellspring, fount”); and partly from Old English spryng (“a jump”), from Proto-West Germanic *sprungi, from Proto-Germanic *sprungiz (“a jump”). Further senses derived from the verb and from clippings of day-spring, springtime, spring tide, etc. Its sense as the season, first attested in a work predating 1325, gradually replaced Middle English lente, lentin, from Old English lencten (“spring, Lent”) as that word became more specifically liturgical. Compare fall.", "forms": [{"form": "springs", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "springing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "springed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "springed", "tags": ["past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "spring (third-person singular simple present springs, present participle springing, simple past and past participle springed)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "geyser"}, {"word": "Hooke's law"}, {"word": "seep"}, {"word": "Slinky"}, {"word": "vernal"}, {"word": "well"}, {"word": "summer"}, {"word": "autumn"}, {"word": "fall"}, {"word": "winter"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1835 May, “Northern Germany. A Sketch.”, in Fraser’s Magazine for Town and Country, volume XI, number LXV, page 507:", "text": "True it is that, owing to the migratory propensities of our countrymen, every third man has wintered at Naples, springed at Vienna, summered in Switzerland, and autumned on the banks of the Lago Maggiore;", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1912, William C[yrus] Sprague, Tad, the Story of a Boy who Had No Chance, page 2:", "text": "If Tad’s father and Tad had wintered, springed, summered, and autumned together for an hundred years instead of fifteen they could[…]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1937, Mortimer Jones, “Lines of No Importance”, in The Alphi Phi Quarterly, page 29:", "text": "They wintered in a warm place\n And summered in a cold,\n But where they springed and autumned\n I never have been told.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1950, Chambers’s Journal, page 269:", "text": "She springed in London, summered in Stockholm, autumned at Vichy, and wintered at Monte Carlo.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2006, Tim Pratt, “The Third-Quarter King”, in Jonathan Strahan, Jeremy G Byrne, editors, Eidolon I, →ISBN, page 2:", "text": "In recent years his friend the fourth-quarter king summered, autumned, and springed in nearby Southern California, which was how they stayed so easily in touch.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2010, Larry Stettner, Bill Morrison, Cooking for the Common Good: The Birth of a Natural Foods Soup Kitchen, Berkeley, Calif.: North Atlantic Books, →ISBN, page 84:", "text": "Larry and Bill had planned to hold a white-linen “fancy” fund-raiser dinner in late June or early July, which would bring out the moneyed crowd who “summered” on the Island. If you summer or winter somewhere you are affluent, Larry knew. (Funny, though, he had never heard of anyone who “autumned” in Vermont or who was “springing” in Colorado.)", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To spend the springtime somewhere."], "links": [["spend", "spend"], ["springtime", "springtime"], ["somewhere", "somewhere"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To spend the springtime somewhere."], "senseid": ["en:spend the springtime"], "tags": ["intransitive"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "sprĭng", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/spɹɪŋ/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg/En-uk-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg/En-us-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg/En-au-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪŋ"}], "wikipedia": ["spring"], "word": "spring"}

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translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Southern Kalinga translations", "Terms with Southern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Southern Sami translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tahitian translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Talysh translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tarifit translations", "Terms with Tat translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuwali Ifugao translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Ulch translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Veps translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Votic translations", "Terms with Võro translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Winnebago translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xhosa translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yagnobi translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "en:Calendar", "en:Cattle", "en:Gaits", "en:Landforms", "en:Masonry", "en:Musical instruments", "en:Seasons", "en:Tides", "en:Water"], "derived": [{"word": "hope springs eternal"}, {"word": "outspring"}, {"word": "overspring"}, {"word": "respring"}, {"word": "spring a butt"}, {"word": "spring a leak"}, {"word": "spring an arch"}, {"word": "spring at"}, {"word": "springel"}, {"word": "springer"}, {"word": "spring for"}, {"word": "spring forth"}, {"word": "spring-hare"}, {"word": "spring in"}, {"word": "springing"}, {"word": "spring into action"}, {"word": "spring-jack"}, {"word": "spring-lobster"}, {"word": "spring loose"}, {"word": "spring on"}, {"word": "spring out"}, {"word": "spring the luff"}, {"word": "spring to life"}, {"word": "spring to mind"}, {"word": "spring to somebody's defence"}, {"word": "spring-tree"}, {"word": "spring up"}, {"word": "sprung rhyme"}, {"word": "upspring"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "springen"}, "expansion": "Middle English springen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "springan", "t": "to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out"}, "expansion": "Old English springan (“to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*springan"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *springan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*springaną", "t": "to burst forth"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *springaną (“to burst forth”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*spre(n)ǵʰ-", "t": "to move, race, spring"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spre(n)ǵʰ- (“to move, race, spring”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "West Frisian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "Dutch springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "German Low German springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "German springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Danish springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "springa"}, "expansion": "Swedish springa", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Norwegian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "springa"}, "expansion": "Faroese springa", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "springa", "t": "to burst, explode"}, "expansion": "Icelandic springa (“to burst, explode”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "lt", "2": "spreñgti", "3": "", "4": "to push (in)"}, "expansion": "Lithuanian spreñgti (“to push (in)”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "прѧсти", "3": "", "4": "to spin, to stretch"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic прѧсти (pręsti, “to spin, to stretch”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "spargere", "3": "", "4": "to sprinkle, to scatter"}, "expansion": "Latin spargere (“to sprinkle, to scatter”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "σπέρχω", "3": "", "4": "to hasten"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek σπέρχω (spérkhō, “to hasten”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sa", "2": "स्पृहयति", "3": "", "4": "to be eager", "tr": "spṛháyati"}, "expansion": "Sanskrit स्पृहयति (spṛháyati, “to be eager”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English springen, from Old English springan (“to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out”), from Proto-West Germanic *springan, from Proto-Germanic *springaną (“to burst forth”), from Proto-Indo-European *spre(n)ǵʰ- (“to move, race, spring”), from *sper- (“to jerk, twitch, snap, shove”).\ncognates\n* Saterland Frisian springe\n* West Frisian springe\n* Dutch springen\n* German Low German springen\n* German springen\n* Danish springe\n* Swedish springa\n* Norwegian springe\n* Faroese springa\n* Icelandic springa (“to burst, explode”).\nOther possible cognates include Lithuanian spreñgti (“to push (in)”), Old Church Slavonic прѧсти (pręsti, “to spin, to stretch”), Latin spargere (“to sprinkle, to scatter”), Ancient Greek σπέρχω (spérkhō, “to hasten”), Sanskrit स्पृहयति (spṛháyati, “to be eager”). Some newer senses derived from the noun.", "forms": [{"form": "springs", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "springing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "sprang", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "sprung", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "sprung", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["table-tags"]}, {"form": "en-conj", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["inflection-template"]}, {"form": "spring", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["infinitive"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "springs", "2": "springing", "3": "sprang", "4": "sprung", "past2": "sprung"}, "expansion": "spring (third-person singular simple present springs, present participle springing, simple past sprang or sprung, past participle sprung)", "name": "en-verb"}], "inflection_templates": [{"args": {"1": "spring", "note1": "Nonstandard.", "past": "sprang", "past2": "sprung", "past2_qual": "note1", "past_ptc": "sprung"}, "name": "en-conj"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "sprang"}, {"word": "springwort"}, {"word": "sprung"}, {"word": "to-spring"}, {"word": "unspring"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Judges 19:25:", "text": "...so the man tooke his concubine, and brought her foorth vnto them, and they knew her, and abused her all the night vntil the morning: and when the day began to spring, they let her goe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1682, Thomas Otway, Venice Preserv’d, or, A Plot Discover’d. A Tragedy. […], London: […] Jos[eph] Hindmarsh […], →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 4:", "text": "Home I would go,\n But that my Dores are hatefull to my eyes.\n Fill'd and damm'd up with gaping Creditors,\n Watchfull as Fowlers when their Game will ſpring; […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To appear."], "links": [["appear", "appear"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To appear."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 38:25–27:", "text": "Who hath diuided a water-course for the ouerflowing of waters? or a way for the lightning of thunder,\nTo cause it to raine on the earth, where no man is: on the wildernesse wherein there is no man?\nTo satisfie the desolate and waste ground, and to cause the bud of the tender herbe to spring forth.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1813, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Canto V”, in Queen Mab; […], London: […] P. B. Shelley, […], →OCLC, page 61:", "text": "Commerce! beneath whose poison-breathing shade\n No solitary virtue dares to spring, […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1936, Dale Carnegie, How to Win Friends and Influence People, page 42:", "text": "Dr. Sigmund Freud... says that everything you and I do springs from two motives: the sex urge and the desire to be great.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1974, James Albert Michener, Centennial, page 338:", "text": "There was moisture in the ground, and from it sprang a million flowers, gold and blue and brown and red.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2006, N. Roberts, Morrigann's Cross, section VI:", "text": "Foxglove sprang tall and purple among the trees.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout."], "links": [["grow", "grow"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout.", "To mature."], "links": [["grow", "grow"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout.", "(UK dialectal) To mature."], "tags": ["UK", "dialectal", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To arise, to come into existence."], "links": [["arise", "arise"], ["come", "come"], ["existence", "existence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(figurative) To arise, to come into existence."], "synonyms": [{"word": "arise"}, {"word": "form"}, {"word": "take shape"}], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He hit the gas and the car sprang to life.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To enliven."], "links": [["enliven", "enliven"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(sometimes figurative) To enliven."], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive", "sometimes"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "Deer spring with their hind legs, using their front hooves to steady themselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "c. 1250, Life of St Margaret, Trin. Col. MS B.14.39 (323), f. 22v", "text": "...into helle spring..."}, {"ref": "1474, William Caxton, transl., Game and Playe of the Chesse, iii, vii, 141:", "text": "Ye kynge... sprange out of his chare and resseyuyd them worshipfully.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1722, Ambrose Philips, The Briton:", "text": "...the Mountain Stag, that springs\nFrom Height to Height, and bounds along the Plains,\nNor has a Master to restrain his Course...", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1827, Clement Clarke Moore, (A Visit from St. Nicholas):", "text": "...out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,\nI sprang from my bed to see what was the matter.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "However, with the dainty volume my quondam friend sprang into fame. At the same time he cast off the chrysalis of a commonplace existence.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1912, Edgar Rice Burroughs, chapter 5, in Tarzan of the Apes:", "text": "Thus she advanced; her belly low, almost touching the surface of the ground—a great cat preparing to spring upon its prey.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011 April 11, The Atlantic:", "text": "Reporters sprang to the conclusion that the speech would make detailed new commitments...", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To move with great speed and energy."], "links": [["move", "move"], ["great", "great"], ["speed", "speed"], ["energy", "energy"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(figurative, usually with cardinal adverbs) To move with great speed and energy."], "raw_tags": ["with cardinal adverbs"], "synonyms": [{"word": "bound"}, {"word": "jump"}, {"word": "leap"}], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He sprang from peasant stock.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2008, George McCandless, The ABCs of RBCs, Harvard University Press, page 7:", "text": "From this basis, a first-order difference equation for the evolution of capital per worker is found, and the time path of the economy springs from this equation.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To be born, descend, or originate from"], "links": [["be born", "be born"], ["descend", "descend"], ["originate", "originate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(usually with from) To be born, descend, or originate from"], "raw_tags": ["with from"], "tags": ["intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To rise in social position or military rank, to be promoted."], "links": [["rise", "rise"], ["social", "social"], ["position", "position"], ["military", "military"], ["rank", "rank"], ["promoted", "promoted"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(obsolete) To rise in social position or military rank, to be promoted."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "c. 1540, Livy, translated by John Bellenden, History of Rome, Vol. I, i, xxii, p. 125:", "text": "...þe wound þat was springand with huge stremes of blude...", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "The boat sprang a leak and began to sink.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth."], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cause to spring (all senses)."], "links": [["cause", "cause"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cause to spring (all senses)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He sprang the trap.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1625, Samuel Purchas, Purchas His Pilgrimes, Vol. II, x, ix:", "text": "They sprung another Mine... wherein was placed about sixtie Barrels of Powder.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1747, The London Magazine, Or, Gentleman's Monthly Intelligencer:", "text": "On the 23d, the Besiegers sprung a Mine under the Salient Angle, upon the Right of the Haif Moon, which had the desired Success, the Enemy's Gallery on that Side, and the Mason-Work of the Counterscarp, being thereby demolished.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To cause to spring (all senses).", "To cause to work or open by sudden application of pressure."], "links": [["cause", "cause"], ["work", "work"], ["open", "open"], ["sudden", "sudden"], ["application", "application"], ["pressure", "pressure"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cause to spring (all senses).", "(of mechanisms) To cause to work or open by sudden application of pressure."], "raw_tags": ["of mechanisms"], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1585, Nicolas De Nicolay, translated by Thomas Washington, The Navigations, Peregrinations, and Voyages, Made into Turkie..., Bk. IV, p. 154:", "text": "...[they] sought the fairest stoned horses to spring their mares...", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To breed with, to impregnate."], "links": [["breed", "breed"], ["impregnate", "impregnate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, of horses) To breed with, to impregnate."], "raw_tags": ["of horses"], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To wetten, to moisten."], "links": [["wetten", "wetten"], ["moisten", "moisten"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To wetten, to moisten."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1698, François Froger, A Relation of a Voyage Made... on the Coasts of Africa, page 30:", "text": "On the 22nd the mines sprang, and took very good effect.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To burst into pieces, to explode, to shatter."], "links": [["burst", "burst"], ["piece", "piece"], ["explode", "explode"], ["shatter", "shatter"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, now usually with \"apart\" or \"open\") To burst into pieces, to explode, to shatter."], "raw_tags": ["with \"apart\" or \"open\""], "tags": ["intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "en:Military"], "examples": [{"ref": "2012 April 21, Sydney Morning Herald, page 5:", "text": "The whole contraption appears liable to spring apart at any moment.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To go off."], "links": [["military", "military"], ["go off", "go off"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, military) To go off."], "tags": ["obsolete"], "topics": ["government", "military", "politics", "war"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Nautical"], "examples": [{"ref": "1582 August 2, Richard Madox, diary", "text": "The Edward sprang hir foremast."}], "glosses": ["To crack."], "links": [["nautical", "nautical"], ["crack", "crack"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, nautical, usually perfective) To crack."], "tags": ["intransitive", "perfective", "usually"], "topics": ["nautical", "transport"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To surprise by sudden or deft action."], "links": [["surprise", "surprise"], ["sudden", "sudden"], ["deft", "deft"], ["action", "action"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, figurative) To surprise by sudden or deft action."], "tags": ["figuratively", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1921, Field and Stream, page 832:", "text": "For generations of men the springer spaniel has been looked upon as the dog for springing pheasants in covert and finding and retrieving dead birds or winged runners when ordered to do so. The properly broken dog will not chase, but drop to wing and shot.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1940, Allen A. Day, “Dachsunds for Woodchucks”, in Dwight Williams Huntington, editor, The Game Breeder and Sportsman, page 94:", "text": "[…] by the beginning of this century a still smaller breed, with a weight of 4 of 5 pounds and a chest measurement of around 12 inches, had come into being for springing rabbits. Such, then, is a rough, quick ancestral picture of our modern Dachshund, and[…]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2003 August 1, Dennis Walrod, Grouse Hunter's Guide: Solid Facts, Insights, and Observations on How to Hunt Ruffled Grouse, Stackpole Books, →ISBN:", "text": "I winter, ruffed grouse sometimes roost at night on the ground under the insulating snow. Even during the midday hours, I have often flushed grouse out from under the snow-bowed branches of \"buck-brush,\" the type of environment where a hunter would more likely expect to spring a rabbit or two.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To come upon and flush out."], "links": [["come upon", "come upon"], ["flush out", "flush out"]]}, {"categories": ["Australian English", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1980, John Hepworth et al., Boozing Out in Melbourne Pubs..., page 42:", "text": "He figured that nobody would ever spring him, but he figured wrong.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To catch in an illegal act or compromising position."], "links": [["catch", "catch"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["act", "act"], ["compromising", "compromising"], ["position", "position"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Australia, slang) To catch in an illegal act or compromising position."], "tags": ["Australia", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To begin."], "links": [["begin", "begin"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) To begin."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English slang", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To put bad money into circulation."], "links": [["put", "put"], ["bad", "bad"], ["money", "money"], ["circulation", "circulation"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, slang) To put bad money into circulation."], "tags": ["obsolete", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"ref": "2012 February 29, Aidan Foster-Carter, “North Korea: The Denuclearisation Dance Resumes”, in BBC News:", "text": "North Korea loves to spring surprises. More unusual is for its US foe to play along.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "Sorry to spring it on you like this but I've been offered another job.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To tell, to share."], "links": [["tell", "tell"], ["share", "share"]]}, {"categories": ["American English", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "His lieutenants hired a team of miners to help spring him.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2007, Mike Batt (lyrics and music), “If You Were a Sailboat”, performed by Katie Melua:", "text": "If I was in jail I know you'd spring me", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To free from imprisonment, especially by facilitating an illegal escape."], "links": [["free", "free"], ["imprisonment", "imprisonment"], ["especially", "especially"], ["facilitating", "facilitating"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["escape", "escape"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, slang, US) To free from imprisonment, especially by facilitating an illegal escape."], "synonyms": [{"word": "free"}, {"word": "let out"}, {"word": "release"}, {"word": "spring loose"}, {"word": "jailbreak"}], "tags": ["US", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["To be free of imprisonment, especially by illegal escape."], "links": [["free", "free"], ["imprisonment", "imprisonment"], ["especially", "especially"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["escape", "escape"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, slang, rare) To be free of imprisonment, especially by illegal escape."], "tags": ["intransitive", "rare", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "en:Architecture"], "examples": [{"text": "They sprung an arch over the lintel.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To build, to form the initial curve of."], "links": [["architecture", "architecture"], ["build", "build"], ["form", "form"], ["initial", "initial"], ["curve", "curve"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, architecture, of arches) To build, to form the initial curve of."], "raw_tags": ["of arches"], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["architecture"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with usage examples", "en:Architecture"], "examples": [{"text": "The arches spring from the front posts.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To extend, to curve."], "links": [["architecture", "architecture"], ["extend", "extend"], ["curve", "curve"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, architecture, of arches, with \"from\") To extend, to curve."], "raw_tags": ["of arches", "with \"from\""], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["architecture"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Nautical"], "glosses": ["To turn a vessel using a spring attached to its anchor cable."], "links": [["nautical", "nautical"], ["turn", "turn"], ["vessel", "vessel"], ["using", "using"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["attach", "attach"], ["anchor", "anchor"], ["cable", "cable"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, nautical) To turn a vessel using a spring attached to its anchor cable."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["nautical", "transport"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1957, Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, Over Seventy, page 137:", "text": "He wouldn't spring a nickel for a bag of peanuts.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To pay or spend a certain sum, to yield."], "links": [["pay", "pay"], ["spend", "spend"], ["certain", "certain"], ["sum", "sum"], ["yield", "yield"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To pay or spend a certain sum, to yield."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To raise an offered price."], "links": [["raise", "raise"], ["offered", "offered"], ["price", "price"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, intransitive, slang) To raise an offered price."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete", "slang"]}, {"alt_of": [{"word": "sprain"}], "categories": ["American English", "English dialectal terms", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Alternative form of sprain."], "links": [["sprain", "sprain#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, US, dialectal) Alternative form of sprain."], "tags": ["US", "alt-of", "alternative", "dialectal", "transitive"]}, {"alt_of": [{"word": "strain"}], "categories": ["American English", "English dialectal terms", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Alternative form of strain."], "links": [["strain", "strain#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, US, dialectal) Alternative form of strain."], "tags": ["US", "alt-of", "alternative", "dialectal", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To act as a spring: to strongly rebound."], "links": [["act", "act"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["strongly", "strongly"], ["rebound", "rebound"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, obsolete) To act as a spring: to strongly rebound."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs", "en:Vehicles"], "glosses": ["To equip with springs, especially (of vehicles) to equip with a suspension."], "links": [["equip", "equip"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["especially", "especially"], ["vehicle", "vehicle"], ["suspension", "suspension"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, rare) To equip with springs, especially (of vehicles) to equip with a suspension."], "tags": ["rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["to inspire, to motivate."], "links": [["inspire", "inspire"], ["motivate", "motivate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figurative, rare, obsolete) to inspire, to motivate."], "tags": ["figuratively", "obsolete", "rare"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1873 July, Routledge's Young Gentleman's Magazine, page 503:", "text": "Don't drive it in too hard, as it will ‘spring’ the plane-iron, and make it concave.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "A piece of timber sometimes springs in seasoning.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He sprang in the slat.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To deform owing to excessive pressure, to become warped; to intentionally deform in order to position and then straighten in place."], "links": [["transitive", "transitive"], ["intransitive", "intransitive"], ["deform", "deform"], ["owing", "owing"], ["excessive", "excessive"], ["pressure", "pressure"], ["become", "become"], ["warped", "warped"], ["intentionally", "intentionally"], ["in order to", "in order to"], ["position", "position"], ["then", "then"], ["straighten", "straighten"], ["in place", "in place"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, intransitive) To deform owing to excessive pressure, to become warped; to intentionally deform in order to position and then straighten in place."], "tags": ["intransitive", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English dialectal terms", "English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1955, Patrick White, chapter 15, in The Tree of Man, New York: Viking, page 228:", "text": "“Gee, Dad, Nancy’s springing all right,” Ray said and paused in spontaneous pleasure.\nStan Parker came, and together they looked at their swelling heifer.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To swell with milk or pregnancy."], "links": [["swell", "swell"], ["milk", "milk"], ["pregnancy", "pregnancy"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, UK, dialectal, chiefly of cows) To swell with milk or pregnancy."], "raw_tags": ["of cows"], "tags": ["UK", "dialectal", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1850, Samuel Prout Newcombe, Pleasant pages, page 197:", "text": "I do not know how John and his mistress would have settled the fate of the thief, but just at this moment a policeman entered — for the cook had sprung the rattle, and had been screaming \"Murder\" and \"Thieves.\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To sound, to play."], "links": [["sound", "sound"], ["play", "play"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, of rattles, archaic) To sound, to play."], "raw_tags": ["of rattles"], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"glosses": ["To find or get enough food during springtime."], "links": [["find", "find"], ["get", "get"], ["enough", "enough"], ["food", "food"], ["springtime", "springtime"]], "raw_glosses": ["(of animals) To find or get enough food during springtime."], "raw_tags": ["of animals"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "sprĭng", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/spɹɪŋ/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg/En-uk-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg/En-us-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg/En-au-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪŋ"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "come into being", "word": "come into being"}], "translations": [{"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to release or set free", "word": "vapauttaa"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "a trap", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to release or set free", "word": "turupana"}], "wikipedia": ["spring"], "word": "spring"}

spring (English verb) spring/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Eastern Min terms with redundant transliterations", "English class 3 strong verbs", "English clippings", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English irregular verbs", "English lemmas", "English links with redundant alt parameters", "English links with redundant wikilinks", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", "Entries with translation boxes", "Lubuagan Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Middle Korean terms with redundant transliterations", "Pages with 13 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi", "Requests for review of French translations", "Requests for review of Georgian translations", "Requests for review of German translations", "Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations", "Requests for translations into Dhivehi", "Requests for translations into Dzongkha", "Requests for translations into Nepali", "Requests for translations into Sikkimese", "Requests for translations into Tamil", "Rhymes:English/ɪŋ", "Rhymes:English/ɪŋ/1 syllable", "Southern Kalinga terms in nonstandard scripts", "Terms with Abkhaz translations", "Terms with Adyghe translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Alemannic German translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Aragonese translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Atayal translations", "Terms with Atong (India) translations", "Terms with Avar translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Baluchi translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bikol Central translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Brunei Malay translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Buryat translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Classical Mandaic translations", "Terms with Classical Nahuatl translations", "Terms with Classical Syriac translations", "Terms with Coptic translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dungan translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Bontoc translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Erzya translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Even translations", "Terms with Evenki translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with Franco-Provençal translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gan translations", "Terms with Garo translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German Low German translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Guaraní translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Gurani translations", "Terms with Hakka translations", "Terms with Hawaiian translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Higaonon translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Hunsrik translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Ilocano translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Jeju translations", "Terms with Jin translations", "Terms with Kabyle translations", "Terms with Kalmyk translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "Terms with Karelian translations", "Terms with Kashaya translations", "Terms with Kashmiri translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khakas translations", "Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Klamath-Modoc translations", "Terms with Komi-Permyak translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Laki translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lezgi translations", "Terms with Ligurian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Livonian translations", "Terms with Louisiana Creole translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Lubuagan Kalinga translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malagasy translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Mansaka translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Meänkieli translations", "Terms with Middle English translations", "Terms with Middle Korean translations", "Terms with Minangkabau translations", "Terms with Mingrelian translations", "Terms with Mirandese translations", "Terms with Moksha translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Montagnais translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Muong translations", "Terms with Mòcheno translations", "Terms with Nanai translations", "Terms with Navajo translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Nivkh translations", "Terms with Nogai translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Northern Mansi translations", "Terms with Northern Min translations", "Terms with Northern Sami translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Ojibwe translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old East Slavic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old French translations", "Terms with Old Norse translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Phoenician translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Polabian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romani translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Samoan translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Saterland Frisian translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Shan translations", "Terms with Shor translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Southern Altai translations", "Terms with Southern Kalinga translations", "Terms with Southern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Southern Sami translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tahitian translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Talysh translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tarifit translations", "Terms with Tat translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Tlingit translations", "Terms with Tocharian B translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuwali Ifugao translations", "Terms with Tày translations", "Terms with Udi translations", "Terms with Udmurt translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Ulch translations", "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Veps translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Vilamovian translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Votic translations", "Terms with Võro translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Winnebago translations", "Terms with Wolof translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Xhosa translations", "Terms with Xiang translations", "Terms with Yagnobi translations", "Terms with Yakut translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Yup'ik translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "Terms with Zulu translations", "en:Calendar", "en:Cattle", "en:Gaits", "en:Landforms", "en:Masonry", "en:Musical instruments", "en:Seasons", "en:Tides", "en:Water"], "derived": [{"word": "hope springs eternal"}, {"word": "outspring"}, {"word": "overspring"}, {"word": "respring"}, {"word": "spring a butt"}, {"word": "spring a leak"}, {"word": "spring an arch"}, {"word": "spring at"}, {"word": "springel"}, {"word": "springer"}, {"word": "spring for"}, {"word": "spring forth"}, {"word": "spring-hare"}, {"word": "spring in"}, {"word": "springing"}, {"word": "spring into action"}, {"word": "spring-jack"}, {"word": "spring-lobster"}, {"word": "spring loose"}, {"word": "spring on"}, {"word": "spring out"}, {"word": "spring the luff"}, {"word": "spring to life"}, {"word": "spring to mind"}, {"word": "spring to somebody's defence"}, {"word": "spring-tree"}, {"word": "spring up"}, {"word": "sprung rhyme"}, {"word": "upspring"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "springen"}, "expansion": "Middle English springen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "springan", "t": "to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out"}, "expansion": "Old English springan (“to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*springan"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *springan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*springaną", "t": "to burst forth"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *springaną (“to burst forth”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*spre(n)ǵʰ-", "t": "to move, race, spring"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spre(n)ǵʰ- (“to move, race, spring”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "West Frisian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "Dutch springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "German Low German springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "springen"}, "expansion": "German springen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Danish springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "springa"}, "expansion": "Swedish springa", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "no", "2": "springe"}, "expansion": "Norwegian springe", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fo", "2": "springa"}, "expansion": "Faroese springa", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "springa", "t": "to burst, explode"}, "expansion": "Icelandic springa (“to burst, explode”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "lt", "2": "spreñgti", "3": "", "4": "to push (in)"}, "expansion": "Lithuanian spreñgti (“to push (in)”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "прѧсти", "3": "", "4": "to spin, to stretch"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic прѧсти (pręsti, “to spin, to stretch”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "spargere", "3": "", "4": "to sprinkle, to scatter"}, "expansion": "Latin spargere (“to sprinkle, to scatter”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "σπέρχω", "3": "", "4": "to hasten"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek σπέρχω (spérkhō, “to hasten”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sa", "2": "स्पृहयति", "3": "", "4": "to be eager", "tr": "spṛháyati"}, "expansion": "Sanskrit स्पृहयति (spṛháyati, “to be eager”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English springen, from Old English springan (“to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out”), from Proto-West Germanic *springan, from Proto-Germanic *springaną (“to burst forth”), from Proto-Indo-European *spre(n)ǵʰ- (“to move, race, spring”), from *sper- (“to jerk, twitch, snap, shove”).\ncognates\n* Saterland Frisian springe\n* West Frisian springe\n* Dutch springen\n* German Low German springen\n* German springen\n* Danish springe\n* Swedish springa\n* Norwegian springe\n* Faroese springa\n* Icelandic springa (“to burst, explode”).\nOther possible cognates include Lithuanian spreñgti (“to push (in)”), Old Church Slavonic прѧсти (pręsti, “to spin, to stretch”), Latin spargere (“to sprinkle, to scatter”), Ancient Greek σπέρχω (spérkhō, “to hasten”), Sanskrit स्पृहयति (spṛháyati, “to be eager”). Some newer senses derived from the noun.", "forms": [{"form": "springs", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "springing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "sprang", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "sprung", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "sprung", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["table-tags"]}, {"form": "en-conj", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["inflection-template"]}, {"form": "spring", "source": "conjugation", "tags": ["infinitive"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "springs", "2": "springing", "3": "sprang", "4": "sprung", "past2": "sprung"}, "expansion": "spring (third-person singular simple present springs, present participle springing, simple past sprang or sprung, past participle sprung)", "name": "en-verb"}], "inflection_templates": [{"args": {"1": "spring", "note1": "Nonstandard.", "past": "sprang", "past2": "sprung", "past2_qual": "note1", "past_ptc": "sprung"}, "name": "en-conj"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "sprang"}, {"word": "springwort"}, {"word": "sprung"}, {"word": "to-spring"}, {"word": "unspring"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Judges 19:25:", "text": "...so the man tooke his concubine, and brought her foorth vnto them, and they knew her, and abused her all the night vntil the morning: and when the day began to spring, they let her goe.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1682, Thomas Otway, Venice Preserv’d, or, A Plot Discover’d. A Tragedy. […], London: […] Jos[eph] Hindmarsh […], →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 4:", "text": "Home I would go,\n But that my Dores are hatefull to my eyes.\n Fill'd and damm'd up with gaping Creditors,\n Watchfull as Fowlers when their Game will ſpring; […]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To appear."], "links": [["appear", "appear"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To appear."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 38:25–27:", "text": "Who hath diuided a water-course for the ouerflowing of waters? or a way for the lightning of thunder,\nTo cause it to raine on the earth, where no man is: on the wildernesse wherein there is no man?\nTo satisfie the desolate and waste ground, and to cause the bud of the tender herbe to spring forth.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1813, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Canto V”, in Queen Mab; […], London: […] P. B. Shelley, […], →OCLC, page 61:", "text": "Commerce! beneath whose poison-breathing shade\n No solitary virtue dares to spring, […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1936, Dale Carnegie, How to Win Friends and Influence People, page 42:", "text": "Dr. Sigmund Freud... says that everything you and I do springs from two motives: the sex urge and the desire to be great.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1974, James Albert Michener, Centennial, page 338:", "text": "There was moisture in the ground, and from it sprang a million flowers, gold and blue and brown and red.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2006, N. Roberts, Morrigann's Cross, section VI:", "text": "Foxglove sprang tall and purple among the trees.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout."], "links": [["grow", "grow"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout.", "To mature."], "links": [["grow", "grow"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "To grow, to sprout.", "(UK dialectal) To mature."], "tags": ["UK", "dialectal", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To arise, to come into existence."], "links": [["arise", "arise"], ["come", "come"], ["existence", "existence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(figurative) To arise, to come into existence."], "synonyms": [{"word": "arise"}, {"word": "form"}, {"word": "take shape"}], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He hit the gas and the car sprang to life.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To enliven."], "links": [["enliven", "enliven"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(sometimes figurative) To enliven."], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive", "sometimes"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "Deer spring with their hind legs, using their front hooves to steady themselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "c. 1250, Life of St Margaret, Trin. Col. MS B.14.39 (323), f. 22v", "text": "...into helle spring..."}, {"ref": "1474, William Caxton, transl., Game and Playe of the Chesse, iii, vii, 141:", "text": "Ye kynge... sprange out of his chare and resseyuyd them worshipfully.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1722, Ambrose Philips, The Briton:", "text": "...the Mountain Stag, that springs\nFrom Height to Height, and bounds along the Plains,\nNor has a Master to restrain his Course...", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1827, Clement Clarke Moore, (A Visit from St. Nicholas):", "text": "...out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,\nI sprang from my bed to see what was the matter.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "However, with the dainty volume my quondam friend sprang into fame. At the same time he cast off the chrysalis of a commonplace existence.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1912, Edgar Rice Burroughs, chapter 5, in Tarzan of the Apes:", "text": "Thus she advanced; her belly low, almost touching the surface of the ground—a great cat preparing to spring upon its prey.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2011 April 11, The Atlantic:", "text": "Reporters sprang to the conclusion that the speech would make detailed new commitments...", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To move with great speed and energy."], "links": [["move", "move"], ["great", "great"], ["speed", "speed"], ["energy", "energy"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(figurative, usually with cardinal adverbs) To move with great speed and energy."], "raw_tags": ["with cardinal adverbs"], "synonyms": [{"word": "bound"}, {"word": "jump"}, {"word": "leap"}], "tags": ["figuratively", "intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He sprang from peasant stock.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2008, George McCandless, The ABCs of RBCs, Harvard University Press, page 7:", "text": "From this basis, a first-order difference equation for the evolution of capital per worker is found, and the time path of the economy springs from this equation.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To be born, descend, or originate from"], "links": [["be born", "be born"], ["descend", "descend"], ["originate", "originate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(usually with from) To be born, descend, or originate from"], "raw_tags": ["with from"], "tags": ["intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth.", "To rise in social position or military rank, to be promoted."], "links": [["rise", "rise"], ["social", "social"], ["position", "position"], ["military", "military"], ["rank", "rank"], ["promoted", "promoted"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth.", "(obsolete) To rise in social position or military rank, to be promoted."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "c. 1540, Livy, translated by John Bellenden, History of Rome, Vol. I, i, xxii, p. 125:", "text": "...þe wound þat was springand with huge stremes of blude...", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "The boat sprang a leak and began to sink.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To move or burst forth."], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive) To move or burst forth."], "tags": ["intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To cause to spring (all senses)."], "links": [["cause", "cause"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cause to spring (all senses)."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "He sprang the trap.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1625, Samuel Purchas, Purchas His Pilgrimes, Vol. II, x, ix:", "text": "They sprung another Mine... wherein was placed about sixtie Barrels of Powder.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1747, The London Magazine, Or, Gentleman's Monthly Intelligencer:", "text": "On the 23d, the Besiegers sprung a Mine under the Salient Angle, upon the Right of the Haif Moon, which had the desired Success, the Enemy's Gallery on that Side, and the Mason-Work of the Counterscarp, being thereby demolished.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To cause to spring (all senses).", "To cause to work or open by sudden application of pressure."], "links": [["cause", "cause"], ["work", "work"], ["open", "open"], ["sudden", "sudden"], ["application", "application"], ["pressure", "pressure"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cause to spring (all senses).", "(of mechanisms) To cause to work or open by sudden application of pressure."], "raw_tags": ["of mechanisms"], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1585, Nicolas De Nicolay, translated by Thomas Washington, The Navigations, Peregrinations, and Voyages, Made into Turkie..., Bk. IV, p. 154:", "text": "...[they] sought the fairest stoned horses to spring their mares...", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To breed with, to impregnate."], "links": [["breed", "breed"], ["impregnate", "impregnate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, of horses) To breed with, to impregnate."], "raw_tags": ["of horses"], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To wetten, to moisten."], "links": [["wetten", "wetten"], ["moisten", "moisten"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, obsolete) To wetten, to moisten."], "tags": ["obsolete", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1698, François Froger, A Relation of a Voyage Made... on the Coasts of Africa, page 30:", "text": "On the 22nd the mines sprang, and took very good effect.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To burst into pieces, to explode, to shatter."], "links": [["burst", "burst"], ["piece", "piece"], ["explode", "explode"], ["shatter", "shatter"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, now usually with \"apart\" or \"open\") To burst into pieces, to explode, to shatter."], "raw_tags": ["with \"apart\" or \"open\""], "tags": ["intransitive", "usually"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "en:Military"], "examples": [{"ref": "2012 April 21, Sydney Morning Herald, page 5:", "text": "The whole contraption appears liable to spring apart at any moment.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To go off."], "links": [["military", "military"], ["go off", "go off"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, military) To go off."], "tags": ["obsolete"], "topics": ["government", "military", "politics", "war"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "en:Nautical"], "examples": [{"ref": "1582 August 2, Richard Madox, diary", "text": "The Edward sprang hir foremast."}], "glosses": ["To crack."], "links": [["nautical", "nautical"], ["crack", "crack"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, nautical, usually perfective) To crack."], "tags": ["intransitive", "perfective", "usually"], "topics": ["nautical", "transport"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["To surprise by sudden or deft action."], "links": [["surprise", "surprise"], ["sudden", "sudden"], ["deft", "deft"], ["action", "action"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, figurative) To surprise by sudden or deft action."], "tags": ["figuratively", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"ref": "1921, Field and Stream, page 832:", "text": "For generations of men the springer spaniel has been looked upon as the dog for springing pheasants in covert and finding and retrieving dead birds or winged runners when ordered to do so. The properly broken dog will not chase, but drop to wing and shot.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1940, Allen A. Day, “Dachsunds for Woodchucks”, in Dwight Williams Huntington, editor, The Game Breeder and Sportsman, page 94:", "text": "[…] by the beginning of this century a still smaller breed, with a weight of 4 of 5 pounds and a chest measurement of around 12 inches, had come into being for springing rabbits. Such, then, is a rough, quick ancestral picture of our modern Dachshund, and[…]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2003 August 1, Dennis Walrod, Grouse Hunter's Guide: Solid Facts, Insights, and Observations on How to Hunt Ruffled Grouse, Stackpole Books, →ISBN:", "text": "I winter, ruffed grouse sometimes roost at night on the ground under the insulating snow. Even during the midday hours, I have often flushed grouse out from under the snow-bowed branches of \"buck-brush,\" the type of environment where a hunter would more likely expect to spring a rabbit or two.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To come upon and flush out."], "links": [["come upon", "come upon"], ["flush out", "flush out"]]}, {"categories": ["Australian English", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1980, John Hepworth et al., Boozing Out in Melbourne Pubs..., page 42:", "text": "He figured that nobody would ever spring him, but he figured wrong.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To catch in an illegal act or compromising position."], "links": [["catch", "catch"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["act", "act"], ["compromising", "compromising"], ["position", "position"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Australia, slang) To catch in an illegal act or compromising position."], "tags": ["Australia", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To begin."], "links": [["begin", "begin"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) To begin."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English slang", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To put bad money into circulation."], "links": [["put", "put"], ["bad", "bad"], ["money", "money"], ["circulation", "circulation"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, slang) To put bad money into circulation."], "tags": ["obsolete", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"ref": "2012 February 29, Aidan Foster-Carter, “North Korea: The Denuclearisation Dance Resumes”, in BBC News:", "text": "North Korea loves to spring surprises. More unusual is for its US foe to play along.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "Sorry to spring it on you like this but I've been offered another job.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To tell, to share."], "links": [["tell", "tell"], ["share", "share"]]}, {"categories": ["American English", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "His lieutenants hired a team of miners to help spring him.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "2007, Mike Batt (lyrics and music), “If You Were a Sailboat”, performed by Katie Melua:", "text": "If I was in jail I know you'd spring me", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To free from imprisonment, especially by facilitating an illegal escape."], "links": [["free", "free"], ["imprisonment", "imprisonment"], ["especially", "especially"], ["facilitating", "facilitating"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["escape", "escape"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, slang, US) To free from imprisonment, especially by facilitating an illegal escape."], "synonyms": [{"word": "free"}, {"word": "let out"}, {"word": "release"}, {"word": "spring loose"}, {"word": "jailbreak"}], "tags": ["US", "slang", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["To be free of imprisonment, especially by illegal escape."], "links": [["free", "free"], ["imprisonment", "imprisonment"], ["especially", "especially"], ["illegal", "illegal"], ["escape", "escape"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, slang, rare) To be free of imprisonment, especially by illegal escape."], "tags": ["intransitive", "rare", "slang"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs", "en:Architecture"], "examples": [{"text": "They sprung an arch over the lintel.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To build, to form the initial curve of."], "links": [["architecture", "architecture"], ["build", "build"], ["form", "form"], ["initial", "initial"], ["curve", "curve"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, architecture, of arches) To build, to form the initial curve of."], "raw_tags": ["of arches"], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["architecture"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with usage examples", "en:Architecture"], "examples": [{"text": "The arches spring from the front posts.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To extend, to curve."], "links": [["architecture", "architecture"], ["extend", "extend"], ["curve", "curve"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, architecture, of arches, with \"from\") To extend, to curve."], "raw_tags": ["of arches", "with \"from\""], "tags": ["intransitive"], "topics": ["architecture"]}, {"categories": ["English transitive verbs", "en:Nautical"], "glosses": ["To turn a vessel using a spring attached to its anchor cable."], "links": [["nautical", "nautical"], ["turn", "turn"], ["vessel", "vessel"], ["using", "using"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["attach", "attach"], ["anchor", "anchor"], ["cable", "cable"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, nautical) To turn a vessel using a spring attached to its anchor cable."], "tags": ["transitive"], "topics": ["nautical", "transport"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1957, Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, Over Seventy, page 137:", "text": "He wouldn't spring a nickel for a bag of peanuts.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To pay or spend a certain sum, to yield."], "links": [["pay", "pay"], ["spend", "spend"], ["certain", "certain"], ["sum", "sum"], ["yield", "yield"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To pay or spend a certain sum, to yield."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English slang", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To raise an offered price."], "links": [["raise", "raise"], ["offered", "offered"], ["price", "price"]], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete, intransitive, slang) To raise an offered price."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete", "slang"]}, {"alt_of": [{"word": "sprain"}], "categories": ["American English", "English dialectal terms", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Alternative form of sprain."], "links": [["sprain", "sprain#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, US, dialectal) Alternative form of sprain."], "tags": ["US", "alt-of", "alternative", "dialectal", "transitive"]}, {"alt_of": [{"word": "strain"}], "categories": ["American English", "English dialectal terms", "English transitive verbs"], "glosses": ["Alternative form of strain."], "links": [["strain", "strain#English"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, US, dialectal) Alternative form of strain."], "tags": ["US", "alt-of", "alternative", "dialectal", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["To act as a spring: to strongly rebound."], "links": [["act", "act"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["strongly", "strongly"], ["rebound", "rebound"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, obsolete) To act as a spring: to strongly rebound."], "tags": ["intransitive", "obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with rare senses", "English transitive verbs", "en:Vehicles"], "glosses": ["To equip with springs, especially (of vehicles) to equip with a suspension."], "links": [["equip", "equip"], ["spring", "#Noun"], ["especially", "especially"], ["vehicle", "vehicle"], ["suspension", "suspension"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, rare) To equip with springs, especially (of vehicles) to equip with a suspension."], "tags": ["rare", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["to inspire, to motivate."], "links": [["inspire", "inspire"], ["motivate", "motivate"]], "raw_glosses": ["(figurative, rare, obsolete) to inspire, to motivate."], "tags": ["figuratively", "obsolete", "rare"]}, {"categories": ["English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1873 July, Routledge's Young Gentleman's Magazine, page 503:", "text": "Don't drive it in too hard, as it will ‘spring’ the plane-iron, and make it concave.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "A piece of timber sometimes springs in seasoning.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He sprang in the slat.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To deform owing to excessive pressure, to become warped; to intentionally deform in order to position and then straighten in place."], "links": [["transitive", "transitive"], ["intransitive", "intransitive"], ["deform", "deform"], ["owing", "owing"], ["excessive", "excessive"], ["pressure", "pressure"], ["become", "become"], ["warped", "warped"], ["intentionally", "intentionally"], ["in order to", "in order to"], ["position", "position"], ["then", "then"], ["straighten", "straighten"], ["in place", "in place"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, intransitive) To deform owing to excessive pressure, to become warped; to intentionally deform in order to position and then straighten in place."], "tags": ["intransitive", "transitive"]}, {"categories": ["British English", "English dialectal terms", "English intransitive verbs", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1955, Patrick White, chapter 15, in The Tree of Man, New York: Viking, page 228:", "text": "“Gee, Dad, Nancy’s springing all right,” Ray said and paused in spontaneous pleasure.\nStan Parker came, and together they looked at their swelling heifer.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To swell with milk or pregnancy."], "links": [["swell", "swell"], ["milk", "milk"], ["pregnancy", "pregnancy"]], "raw_glosses": ["(intransitive, UK, dialectal, chiefly of cows) To swell with milk or pregnancy."], "raw_tags": ["of cows"], "tags": ["UK", "dialectal", "intransitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"ref": "1850, Samuel Prout Newcombe, Pleasant pages, page 197:", "text": "I do not know how John and his mistress would have settled the fate of the thief, but just at this moment a policeman entered — for the cook had sprung the rattle, and had been screaming \"Murder\" and \"Thieves.\"", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To sound, to play."], "links": [["sound", "sound"], ["play", "play"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, of rattles, archaic) To sound, to play."], "raw_tags": ["of rattles"], "tags": ["archaic", "transitive"]}, {"glosses": ["To find or get enough food during springtime."], "links": [["find", "find"], ["get", "get"], ["enough", "enough"], ["food", "food"], ["springtime", "springtime"]], "raw_glosses": ["(of animals) To find or get enough food during springtime."], "raw_tags": ["of animals"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "sprĭng", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/spɹɪŋ/", "tags": ["General-American", "Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg/En-uk-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/En-uk-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-us-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg/En-us-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-spring.ogg"}, {"audio": "En-au-spring.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg/En-au-spring.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-au-spring.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɪŋ"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "come into being", "word": "come into being"}], "translations": [{"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to release or set free", "word": "vapauttaa"}, {"code": "mi", "english": "a trap", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to release or set free", "word": "turupana"}], "wikipedia": ["spring"], "word": "spring"}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.