Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

mow/English/verb

Return to 'Debug messages subpage 2291'

mow/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Moroccan-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English class 7 strong verbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂meh₁-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English verbs", "English verbs with weak preterite but strong past participle", "Entries with translation boxes", "Middle English entries with incorrect language header", "Middle English lemmas", "Middle English terms derived from Old English", "Middle English terms inherited from Old English", "Middle English verbs", "Moroccan Arabic links with redundant target parameters", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Hittite terms", "Rhymes:English/əʊ", "Rhymes:English/əʊ/1 syllable", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Buryat translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Chickasaw translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gallo translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kalmyk translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations"], "derived": [{"word": "mow down"}, {"word": "mower"}, {"word": "push-mow"}, {"word": "remow"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂meh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "mowen"}, "expansion": "Middle English mowen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "māwan"}, "expansion": "Old English māwan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*māan"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *māan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*mēaną"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mēaną", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂meh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to mow, reap"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂meh₁- (“to mow, reap”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "maaien"}, "expansion": "Dutch maaien", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "mähen"}, "expansion": "German mähen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "meje"}, "expansion": "Danish meje", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "meja"}, "expansion": "Swedish meja", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "hit", "2": "", "3": "", "gloss": "spring/early summer", "lit": "mowing time", "tr": "ḫamešḫa"}, "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (ḫamešḫa, “spring/early summer”, literally “mowing time”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "metō", "3": "", "4": "I harvest, mow"}, "expansion": "Latin metō (“I harvest, mow”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "ἀμάω", "3": "", "4": "I mow"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀμάω (amáō, “I mow”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English mowen (participle mowen), from Old English māwan (past tense mēow, past participle māwen), from Proto-West Germanic *māan, from Proto-Germanic *mēaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂meh₁- (“to mow, reap”).\nSee also Dutch maaien, German mähen, Danish meje, Swedish meja; also Hittite [script needed] (ḫamešḫa, “spring/early summer”, literally “mowing time”), Latin metō (“I harvest, mow”), Ancient Greek ἀμάω (amáō, “I mow”).", "forms": [{"form": "mows", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "mowing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "mowed", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "mowed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "mown", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"past_ptc2": "mown"}, "expansion": "mow (third-person singular simple present mows, present participle mowing, simple past mowed, past participle mowed or mown)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "aftermath"}, {"word": "math"}, {"word": "mead"}, {"word": "meadow"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "He mowed the lawn every few weeks in the summer.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To cut down grass or crops."], "links": [["cut down", "cut down"], ["grass", "grass"], ["crop", "crop"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cut down grass or crops."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1915, Captain Robert Palmer, Letters from Mesopotamia:", "text": "In the afternoon they attacked again, in close formation: our artillery mowed them, but they came on and on, […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2019 March 6, Drachinifel, 25:58 from the start, in The Battle of Samar (Alternate History) - Bring on the Battleships!, archived from the original on 2022-07-04:", "text": "On the one hand, we had a scenario where, effectively, the American admiral just went \"You know what, all the destroyers attack\", at which point they mowed through the Japanese destroyers like a Grim Reaper through a harvest of very, very dead gorn, especially with the Brooklyns in support.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To cut down or slaughter in great numbers."], "links": [["cut down", "cut down"], ["slaughter", "slaughter"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, often with through) To cut down or slaughter in great numbers."], "raw_tags": ["with through"], "tags": ["often", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/məʊ/", "tags": ["UK"]}, {"ipa": "/moʊ/", "tags": ["US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-mow.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/En-us-mow.ogg/En-us-mow.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/En-us-mow.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊ"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "jazza", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "جَزَّ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḥəšš", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "حشّ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "hnjel", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "հնձել"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tundu"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "kasícʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "касі́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "sjekčý", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "секчы́"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "kosjá", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "кося́"}, {"code": "bua", "lang": "Buryat", "roman": "xadaxa", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "хадаха"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "segar"}, {"code": "cic", "lang": "Chickasaw", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "amo"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yì", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "刈"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "gē", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "割"}, {"code": "cmn", "english": "cut grass", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "gēcǎo", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "割草"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "kosit"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "sekat"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "žnout"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "síci"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "meje"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "slå"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "klippe"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "maaien"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tondi"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "falĉi"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "niitma"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "niittää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "leikata ruohoa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "couper l’herbe"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "faucher"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tondre le gazon"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "restrebar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "seiturar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "segar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "raer"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "atrollar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "lampear"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "gadañar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "cernar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "fradar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "esmozar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "degallar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "demoucar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "espolar"}, {"code": "roa-gal", "lang": "Gallo", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "faoucher"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "mähen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "schneiden"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "slá"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "slá gras"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "memotong rumput"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "löövvä"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "bain"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "falciare"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tagliare l'erba"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "mietere"}, {"alt": "かる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "karu", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "刈る"}, {"code": "xal", "lang": "Kalmyk", "roman": "xadx", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "хадх"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "beda", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "베다"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "kkakda", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "깎다"}, {"code": "lld", "lang": "Ladin", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "sië"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "pļaut"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "kauseit"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tondeō"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "pļaut"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "kósi", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ко́си"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tipi"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "xadax", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "хадах"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "faûchi"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "slå"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "skjære"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "klippe"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "sěšti", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "сѣщи"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "māwan"}, {"code": "os", "lang": "Ossetian", "roman": "kærdyn", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "кӕрдын"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "tırpanlamak", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "طرپانلامق"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "kosić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "skosić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "żąć"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zżąć"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "siec"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "cortar"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "ichhuy"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tunde"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "kosítʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "коси́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "skášivatʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ска́шивать"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "skosítʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "скоси́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pokosítʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "покоси́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "otkosítʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "откоси́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "sečʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "сечь"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "poséčʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "посе́чь"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "výsečʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "вы́сечь"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "žatʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "жать"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "požátʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "пожа́ть"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "buain"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "косити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["Roman", "imperfective"], "word": "kositi"}, {"code": "scn", "lang": "Sicilian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "faucijari"}, {"code": "scn", "lang": "Sicilian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "mètiri"}, {"code": "scn", "lang": "Sicilian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tagghiari i fraschi"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "kosiť"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "sekať"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "žať"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "siecť"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "kositi"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pokositi"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "sec"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "podar"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "segar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "slå"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "klippa"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "meja"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "kosýty", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "коси́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "siktý", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "сікти́"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "cắt"}, {"code": "vi", "english": "cut grass", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "cắt cỏ"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "fåtchî"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "soyî"}, {"code": "wa", "english": "lawn", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tonde"}, {"code": "zza", "lang": "Zazaki", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "çinitene"}, {"code": "zza", "lang": "Zazaki", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "çinen"}, {"code": "zza", "lang": "Zazaki", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "çinayen"}], "word": "mow"}

mow (English verb) mow/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Moroccan-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English class 7 strong verbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂meh₁-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English verbs", "English verbs with weak preterite but strong past participle", "Entries with translation boxes", "Middle English entries with incorrect language header", "Middle English lemmas", "Middle English terms derived from Old English", "Middle English terms inherited from Old English", "Middle English verbs", "Moroccan Arabic links with redundant target parameters", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Hittite terms", "Rhymes:English/əʊ", "Rhymes:English/əʊ/1 syllable", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Buryat translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Chickasaw translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Gallo translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kalmyk translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ossetian translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations"], "derived": [{"word": "mow down"}, {"word": "mower"}, {"word": "push-mow"}, {"word": "remow"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂meh₁-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "mowen"}, "expansion": "Middle English mowen", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "māwan"}, "expansion": "Old English māwan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*māan"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *māan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*mēaną"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mēaną", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂meh₁-", "4": "", "5": "to mow, reap"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂meh₁- (“to mow, reap”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "maaien"}, "expansion": "Dutch maaien", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "mähen"}, "expansion": "German mähen", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "da", "2": "meje"}, "expansion": "Danish meje", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "meja"}, "expansion": "Swedish meja", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "hit", "2": "", "3": "", "gloss": "spring/early summer", "lit": "mowing time", "tr": "ḫamešḫa"}, "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (ḫamešḫa, “spring/early summer”, literally “mowing time”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "metō", "3": "", "4": "I harvest, mow"}, "expansion": "Latin metō (“I harvest, mow”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "ἀμάω", "3": "", "4": "I mow"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀμάω (amáō, “I mow”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English mowen (participle mowen), from Old English māwan (past tense mēow, past participle māwen), from Proto-West Germanic *māan, from Proto-Germanic *mēaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂meh₁- (“to mow, reap”).\nSee also Dutch maaien, German mähen, Danish meje, Swedish meja; also Hittite [script needed] (ḫamešḫa, “spring/early summer”, literally “mowing time”), Latin metō (“I harvest, mow”), Ancient Greek ἀμάω (amáō, “I mow”).", "forms": [{"form": "mows", "tags": ["present", "singular", "third-person"]}, {"form": "mowing", "tags": ["participle", "present"]}, {"form": "mowed", "tags": ["past"]}, {"form": "mowed", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}, {"form": "mown", "tags": ["participle", "past"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"past_ptc2": "mown"}, "expansion": "mow (third-person singular simple present mows, present participle mowing, simple past mowed, past participle mowed or mown)", "name": "en-verb"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "related": [{"word": "aftermath"}, {"word": "math"}, {"word": "mead"}, {"word": "meadow"}], "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with usage examples", "English transitive verbs"], "examples": [{"text": "He mowed the lawn every few weeks in the summer.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["To cut down grass or crops."], "links": [["cut down", "cut down"], ["grass", "grass"], ["crop", "crop"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive) To cut down grass or crops."], "tags": ["transitive"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English transitive verbs", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1915, Captain Robert Palmer, Letters from Mesopotamia:", "text": "In the afternoon they attacked again, in close formation: our artillery mowed them, but they came on and on, […]", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2019 March 6, Drachinifel, 25:58 from the start, in The Battle of Samar (Alternate History) - Bring on the Battleships!, archived from the original on 2022-07-04:", "text": "On the one hand, we had a scenario where, effectively, the American admiral just went \"You know what, all the destroyers attack\", at which point they mowed through the Japanese destroyers like a Grim Reaper through a harvest of very, very dead gorn, especially with the Brooklyns in support.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["To cut down or slaughter in great numbers."], "links": [["cut down", "cut down"], ["slaughter", "slaughter"]], "raw_glosses": ["(transitive, often with through) To cut down or slaughter in great numbers."], "raw_tags": ["with through"], "tags": ["often", "transitive"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/məʊ/", "tags": ["UK"]}, {"ipa": "/moʊ/", "tags": ["US"]}, {"audio": "en-us-mow.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/En-us-mow.ogg/En-us-mow.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/En-us-mow.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊ"}], "translations": [{"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "jazza", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "جَزَّ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ḥəšš", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "حشّ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "hnjel", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "հնձել"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tundu"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "kasícʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "касі́ць"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "sjekčý", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "секчы́"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "kosjá", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "кося́"}, {"code": "bua", "lang": "Buryat", "roman": "xadaxa", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "хадаха"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "segar"}, {"code": "cic", "lang": "Chickasaw", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "amo"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yì", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "刈"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "gē", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "割"}, {"code": "cmn", "english": "cut grass", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "gēcǎo", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "割草"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "kosit"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "sekat"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "žnout"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "síci"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "meje"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "slå"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "klippe"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "maaien"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tondi"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "falĉi"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "niitma"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "niittää"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "leikata ruohoa"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "couper l’herbe"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "faucher"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tondre le gazon"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "restrebar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "seiturar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "segar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "raer"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "atrollar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "lampear"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "gadañar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "cernar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "fradar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "esmozar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "degallar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "demoucar"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "espolar"}, {"code": "roa-gal", "lang": "Gallo", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "faoucher"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "mähen"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "schneiden"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "slá"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "slá gras"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "memotong rumput"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "löövvä"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "bain"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "falciare"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tagliare l'erba"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "mietere"}, {"alt": "かる", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "karu", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "刈る"}, {"code": "xal", "lang": "Kalmyk", "roman": "xadx", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "хадх"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "beda", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "베다"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "kkakda", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "깎다"}, {"code": "lld", "lang": "Ladin", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "sië"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "pļaut"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "kauseit"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tondeō"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "pļaut"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "kósi", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ко́си"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tipi"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "xadax", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "хадах"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "faûchi"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "slå"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "skjære"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "klippe"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "sěšti", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "сѣщи"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "māwan"}, {"code": "os", "lang": "Ossetian", "roman": "kærdyn", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "кӕрдын"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "tırpanlamak", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "طرپانلامق"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "kosić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "skosić"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "żąć"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "zżąć"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "siec"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "cortar"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "ichhuy"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tunde"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "kosítʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "коси́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "skášivatʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "ска́шивать"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "skosítʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "скоси́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pokosítʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "покоси́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "otkosítʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "откоси́ть"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "sečʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "сечь"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "poséčʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "посе́чь"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "výsečʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "вы́сечь"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "žatʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "жать"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "požátʹ", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "пожа́ть"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "buain"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["Cyrillic", "imperfective"], "word": "косити"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["Roman", "imperfective"], "word": "kositi"}, {"code": "scn", "lang": "Sicilian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "faucijari"}, {"code": "scn", "lang": "Sicilian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "mètiri"}, {"code": "scn", "lang": "Sicilian", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tagghiari i fraschi"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "kosiť"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "sekať"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "žať"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "siecť"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "kositi"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["perfective"], "word": "pokositi"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "sec"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "podar"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "segar"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "slå"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "klippa"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "meja"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "kosýty", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "коси́ти"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "siktý", "sense": "to cut down", "tags": ["imperfective"], "word": "сікти́"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "cắt"}, {"code": "vi", "english": "cut grass", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "cắt cỏ"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "fåtchî"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "soyî"}, {"code": "wa", "english": "lawn", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "tonde"}, {"code": "zza", "lang": "Zazaki", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "çinitene"}, {"code": "zza", "lang": "Zazaki", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "çinen"}, {"code": "zza", "lang": "Zazaki", "sense": "to cut down", "word": "çinayen"}], "word": "mow"}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.